Capitolul 1 final.doc

8/17/2019 Capitolul 1 final.doc

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CAPITOLUL 1

STADIUL ACTUAL AL CERCETĂRII ÎN DOMENIUL

DEZVOLTĂRII RURALE DURABILE

CHAPTER 1

PRESENT RESEARCH STAGE IN THE DOMAIN OF

SUSTAINABLE RURAL DEVELOPMENT

1.1 Conceptul de spaţiu rural

1.1 Rural space concept

1.1.1 Etimologi! "#i$i%ii! &l'(i#i&)*i

1.1.1 Et+molog+! "#i$itio$(! &l'((i#i&'tio$(

C,-$t,l rural /*o-i$ "i$ &,-$t,l l'ti$ rus &'* 0$('m$) ţară. T*m$,l " '2)

*' rusticus! #o*m) "*i-'t) "i$ rus! 2o$) *,*'l)! 0$ o/o2i%i &, urbs! o*'3. E4i(t) "oi t*m$i

/*i$&i/'li 5 agricola 3i colonus – &'* ', lg)t,*) &, "i#*it '(/&t 'l -i%ii *,*'l. Aml

(,$t (t*$( lg't " -*,l colo! ' &,lti-'.

Agricola 6t*m$ & /*o-i$ "i$ ager 3i acolo7 */*2i$t) &o$t'&t,l om,l,i &,

/)m$t,l. A&(t' /o't "(m$' 'tt / %)*'$,l &'*83i l,&*'2) /)m$t,l /*o/*i, 6Pli$i,(!

Istoria naturală7! &t 3i / /*o/*it'*,l og't 6V'**o! Despre agricultură7. T*m$,l colonus

'* o i(to*i m'i &om/li&'t). Î$ m,lt &'2,*i (t (i$o$im &, agricola! *#*i$",8( m'i 'l( l'

micul agricultor ! "'* ( /o't *#*i 3i l' mm*ii '*i(to&*'%ii.

Î$ Im/*i,l Rom'$! %)*'$ii ( '#l', 0$t*8o l,m ' ',to(,#i&i$%i! m)*gi$i$",8( ()83i-$") /*o",(l 0$ /i%l lo&'l (', 0$ mi&il &t)%i. S,g(ti- (,$t -*(,*il 0$&9i$'t l,i

P*i'/! ,$ %)*'$ ()*'&! /*o/*it'* 'l ,$i g*)"i$i " 2'*2'-'t. Ei 03i &*3t', -$it,*il /*i$

/*(t'*' ,$o* l,&*)*i &' ('l'*i'%i l' ,$l m,$&i (2o$i*. Mo",l " -i'%) /*imiti- 3i ()*)&i'

%)*'$ilo* *', /*o-*i'l. Î$t*8,$ /om 'l l,i V*gili,( Moretum! %)*'$,l '/'* t*2i$",8(

"imi$'%' l$g) ,$ #o& (ti$( 3i 0$&/$" () t*,"'(&) 0$ :,*,l ,$i /it* " mo'*). E4i(t)

$,m*o'( i2-o'* i(to*i& *#*ito'* l' -i'%' %)*'$ilo* "i$ tim/,l Im/*i,l,i Rom'$. D l'

Tit,( Li-i,( (', D+o$i(io( "i$ H'li&'*$'( '-m i$#o*m'%ii "(/* lgil 'g*'*.

1


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Î$ Im/*i,l Bi2'$ti$! t*m$,l &'*8l "(m$' / %)*'$ *' georgos ;&l &'* l,&*'2)

/)m$t,l

;%)*)$3ti


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t*$,*i '#l't 0$ im"i't' '/*o/i* ' $,&l,l,i ('t,l,i 3i t*$,*i "i$ (,,*ii. T*$,*il "i$

&'tgo*i' choraphia (,$t ,$it)%i 0$&9i(! "limit't " 3'$%,*i (', " (m$ " 9ot'*! /,t$",8

( 0$-&i$' &, lot,*i " 'lt) $'t,*)! &,m '* #i li-2i " m)(li$i! -ii! g*)"i$i.

C,-$t,l ţăran "#i$3t $o%i,$' " ,tili2'to* 'l /)m$t,l,i 3i 'l $'t,*ii 6Bol"!

B,&i,m'$! D*)g9i&i! >7.Î$ R'/o*t,l l' P*oi&t,l '(,/*' ,$i C'*t ,*o/$ ' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l! Comi(i' "

'g*i&,lt,*) 3i "2-olt'* *,*'l) ' Co$(ili,l,i E,*o/i! '/*&i'2) &) (/'%i,l *,*'l ,*o/'$

*/*2i$t) ? "i$ (,/*'#'%' (' tot'l) 3i '#&t'2)! "i*&t (', i$"i*&t! m'i m,lt " :,m)t't

"i$ /o/,l'%i' E,*o/i. Im/o*t'$%' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l ' &*(&,t! &9i'* 3i 0$ &o$"i%iil *",&*ii

/o/,l'%ii '&ti- "i$ 'g*i&,lt,*)! (il-i&,lt,*) 3i i$",(t*i'li2)*ii '&&$t,'t.

Po$"*' /o/,l'%ii *,*'l 3i ' (,/*'#%i o&,/'t " (/'%i,l *,*'l #'& &' /*olm'

"2-olt)*ii 3i 'm$':)*ii *,*'l () 'i) $oi "im$(i,$i! /*&,m 3i im/o*t'$%) $'%io$'l) 3ii$t*$'%io$'l). A",$'*' /'*l'm$t'*) ' Co$(ili,l,i E,*o/i ' '"o/t't R&om'$"'*'

1>@1@@ /*i-ito'* l' C'*t' ,*o/'$) ' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l! "o&,m$t,l &'"*,! /oliti& 3i :,*i"i&

'l "2-olt)*ii 3i 'm$':)*ii *,*'l 0$ E,*o/'.

D#i$i%i' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l (t "'t) " '&(t "o&,m$t! 0$ ,*m)to'*' #o*m) spaţiul

rural cuprinde o zonă interioară sau de coastă care conţine satele !i ora!ele mici" #n care

ma$oritatea părţii terenului este utilizată pentru %

a& agricultură" sil'icultură" ac'acultură !i pescuit

b& acti'ităţile economice !i culturale ale locuitorilor acestor zone (artizanat"

industrie" ser'icii etc&)

c& amena$ările de zone neurbane de distracţii (sau de rezer'aţii naturale)

". alte olosiri" cum ar i cazarea&

Com/o$$tl 'g*i&ol 6i$&l,(i- (il-i&,lt,*'! '&-'&,lt,*' 3i /(&,it,l7 3i $'g*i&ol 'l

,$,i (/'%i, *,*'l #o*m'2) o $tit't "i(ti$&t) 'l (/'%i,l,i ,*'$!&'* (t &'*'&t*i2't /*i$t*8o

/,t*$i&) &o$&$t*'* " lo&,ito*i 3i " (t*,&t,*i -*ti&'l (', o*i2o$t'l.

E4i(t) "i#*$% (m$i#i&'ti- 0$t* t*m$ii " spaţiu rural 3i spaţiu agrar sau

agricol . No%i,$' " spaţiu rural (t m'i l'*g)! m'i 4ti$() 3i o &,/*i$" 3i / &' " spaţiu

agrar sau agricol . C, to't &) &' m'i im/o*t'$t) &om/o$$t) ' *,*'l,l,i (t 'g*i&,lt,*'!

&l "o,) $o%i,$i $, (,$t (i$o$im. S/'%i,l *,*'l $, (t "o'* ("i,l '&ti-it)%ilo* 'g*i&ol! &i 3i

'l i$",(t*ii! m3t3,g,*ilo* 3i (*-i&iilo*.

Î$ (o&it)%il /*/o$"*$t 'g*i&ol! /o$"*' &' m'i m'* ' '&ti-it)%ilo* 0$ (/'%i,l

*,*'l o o&,/) '&ti-it)%il 'g*i&ol. Î$ tim/! ', '/)*,t tot m'i m,lt (t*,&t,*i 3i '&ti-it)%i

$'g*'*. Im/lm$t'*' ,$,i $,m)* tot m'i m'* " '&ti-it)%i $'g*i&ol (t $#i&) /$t*,

(/'%i,l *,*'l 3i t*,i #)&,t) #o'*t 't$t! #)*) () '#&t2 (t*,&t,*' " '2) ' *,*'l,l,i. E4i(t)


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/*i&ol,l &' m,t'%iil m':o* "i$ (/'%i,l *,*'l () ",&) l' ,*'$i2'*. I$",(t*i'li2'*' /o't

&o$",& l' "*,*'li2'*' (/'%i,l,i 3i l' t*&*' (/* (/'%ii ,*'$8i$",(t*i'l.

M,l%i (/&i'li3ti "#i$(& *,*'l,l 0$ o/o2i%i &, (/'%i,l ,*'$. A(t#l! Pi** Go*g! 0$

Dicţionarul de geograie! (/,$ &) satul se opune ora!ului aptele de la sat sunt apte rurale.

F. Lmoi$ &o$(i"*) &) (/'%i,l *,*'l &,/*i$" teritoriul naţional minus ceea ce este urbanizat"ceea ce constituie localităţile urbane !i acti'ităţi industriale& 6Lmoi$! 1@?7.

Î$ 1@? G. Mo(( '#i*m' &) termenii rural !i urban desemnează moduri de utilizare a

păm*ntului !i suntem deiniţi prin ei" termenii se aplică deci păm*ntului !i oamenilor&

+mpreună" ei constituie ceea ce se consideră acum ca !i un sistem continuu" un continuu rural

– urban #ntre care nu există distincţie netă #ntre urban !i rural !i care comportă ni'eluri

dierite ale acti'ităţii sociale !i economice& ,a continuumul exodului rural" procesele

ecologice !i resursele naturale predomină !i se intensiică #n egală măsură.Î$t*8,$ (, 'l l,i D'$il C9i*ot ( /*&i2'2) &) acti'itatea umană numită

agricultură a a'ut" #ntr-o 'reme #ndepărtată" trei .leagăne/ % cultura gr*ului #n lumea euro-

mediteraneeană" cultura porumbului #n geograia americană !i cultura orezului #n spaţiul est-

asiatic.

T*m$,l " *,*'l (t "i#*it! 0$ #,$&%i " %'*). A(t#l! 0$ S.U.A. *,*'l,l ( 0m/'*t 0$

*,*'l 'g*i&ol 3i *,*'l $'g*i&ol 6rural arm! rural non arm7! 0$ #,$&%i " /o$"*' /o/,l'%ii

'g*i&ol. Î$ F*'$%'! (/'%i,l *,*'l (8' "2-olt't &' ,$ (/'%i, 0$ &'* /*"omi$) /*o",&%i'

'g*i&ol)! i'* lm$tl $'t,*ii ( g)((& 0$ (t'* /,*). A(t#l! F. Bl'i2ot "#i$3t *,*'l,l

&' intensitatea teritoriului de densitate slabă" cu a!ezări mici !i mi$locii.

Î$ G*m'$i'! (/'%i,l *,*'l (t &o$(i"*'t (/'%i,l &'* ( '#l) 0$ '#'*' 2o$lo* " m'*

"$(it't. Î$ Blgi'! (/'%i,l *,*'l "#i$3t ,$ ti/ " /i(':! #ii$" -o*' " ,$ t*ito*i, &,lti-'t

" &)t* om. Î$ R,(i'! 2o$l *,*'l (,$t &l 0$ &'* /*"omi$) 'g*i&,lt,*'! (il-i&,lt,*' 3i

/(&,it,l. Î$ It'li'! Ol'$"' 3i F*'$%' *,*'l,l ( &l'(i#i&) ",/) g*'",l " &o$#o*t! 'l &9i/)*ii

t9$i& 3i 'l $i-l,l,i (o&i'l8&,lt,*'l. Î$ A$gli'! S.U.A.! B*'2ili' "#i$i*' ( #'& 0$ #,$&%i "

o&,/'%i' /*"omi$'$t) 6"'&) /o/,l'%i' '* o (t*,&t,*) $'g*i&ol)! lo&'lit't' (t ,*'$)! i'*

0$ &'2 &o$t*'* *,*'l)7. Î$ g$*'l! 0$ E,*o/' /i(':,l (t tot m'i mo"l't " m$' om,l,i.

Î$t*8o "#i$i%i ' Comi(ii E&o$omi& /$t*, E,*o/' ' O.N.U. (/'%i,l *,*'l */*2i$t)

o parte a teritoriului natural alată #n aara ora!ului !i olosită #n special pentru agricultură

sau economie orestieră" #n care predomină centrele populate ce nu intră #n categoria

a!ezărilor urbane" ai căror locuitori #n marea lor ma$oritate sunt dependenţi de producţia

agricolă !i deser'irea acesteia" de cre!terea !i exploatarea pădurilor 6ONU8CEE! G$-'!

1@7.

J


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O "#i$i%i ' ('t,l,i (t "'t) " T*'i'$ V"i$'3 0$ l,&*'*' Introducere #n sociologia

rurală satul reprezintă pe de o parte o unitate teritorială ce conţine reţeaua de gospodării"

peisa$ul speciic de c*mpie" de munte !i de deal" o reţea hidrograică" mai mult sau mai puţin

bogată" o reţea mai simplă sau mai complexă de drumuri !i cărări" ce asigură comunicarea

#ntre gospodării" #ntre gospodării !i terenurile arabile" pă!uni !i păduri& 0e de altă parte" satul #nsumează o populaţie omogenă organizată pe amilii" neamuri !i 'ecinătăţi" cu

trăsături comune % toţi membrii comunităţii se cunosc #ntre ei" au aceea!i religie" aceea!i

mentalitate" aceea!i cultură (orală)" acelea!i ocupaţii& 6V"i$'3! >1! /.7.

Clasificarea comunităţilor rurale ( #'& ",/) m'i m,lt &*it*ii. D,/) &*it*ii

gog*'#i&! V. Mi9)il(&, 61@J7 0m/'*t '32)*il *,*'l 0$ g*,/

8 '32)*i " ti/ '",$'t 60$ 2o$ " &m/i7 K

8 '32)*i " ti/ *)(#i*'t 60$ 2o$ " "'l7 K8 '32)*i " ti/ *i(i/it 60$ 2o$ " m,$t7 .

O 'lt) &l'(i#i&'* ' #o(t #)&,t) " Rom,l,( V,i' 61@J7! 0m/)*%i$" lo&'lit)%il *,*'l

'(t#l ('t &, &'( i2ol't! ('t *)(#i*'t! ('t " -'l! ('t 0$g*)m)"it! ('t "8' l,$g,l "*,m,l,i! ('t

"*/t,$g9i,l'*! ('t &om/'&t '",$'t! ('t &i*&,l'*! ('t *'"i'l.

Î$ 1@?! V'l* B,t,*) ' *'li2't o $o,) &l'(i#i&'*! /*l,$" &l'(i#i&'*' l,i V.

Mi9)il(&,! &om/lt't) &, 0$&) "o,) &*it*ii.

D,/) criteriul economiei tradiţionale! &om,$it)%il *,*'l (,$t 8 '32)*i 'g*'* 6/*"omi$) 'g*i&,lt,*'7 K

8 '32)*i /'(to*'l 6/*"omi$) &*3t*' '$im'llo* 7 K

8 '32)*i mi4t 6o&,/'%iil (,$t 3i 'g*'* 3i /'(to*'l 7 .

D,/) criteriul industrializării! &om,$it)%il *,*'l (,$t

8 '32)*i *,*'l 6/*"omi$) o&,/'%iil t*'"i%io$'l7 K

8 '32)*i i$",(t*i'l 6/*"omi$) '&ti-it)%il i$",(t*i'l7 K

8 '32)*i mi4t 6(,$t /*2$t 3i '&ti-it)%i t*'"i%io$'l 3i i$",(t*i'l7 .

O 'lt) &l'(i#i&'* ' #o(t #)&,t) " H.H.St'9l 0$ (o&iologi' satelor de'ălma!e! 0m/)*%i$"

('tl 0$ ('t '*9'i&! ('t -ol,'t 6li*7! ('t '(*-it. S'tl '(*-it (,$t &l'(i#i&'t 0$

('t *$i&! ('t #i(&'l! ('t /i(&o/'l! ('t m)$)(ti*3ti.

Di$ /,$&t " -"* 'l (t*,&t,*ii '32)*ilo* *,*'l! '&(t' (,$t ('t $*g,l't 6l'

"'l 3i m,$t7! ('t l,$gi 6/ m'l,*il *,*ilo*7! ('t *'mi#i&'t 60$ "/*(i,$i7! ('t '",$'t

6l' &m/i7 6Co$'! 1@J>! Golo/$%i'! 1@@7.

Go*g Em. M'*i&' &l'(i#i&) satele din punct de vedere demografic, economic,

geografic şi istoric

8 "i$ /,$&t " -"* "mog*'#i& omog$ 3i $omog$ K


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8 "i$ /,$&t " -"* &o$omi& ',t'*9 3i (/&i'li2't K

8 "i$ /,$&t " -"* gog*'#i& i2ol't 3i $i2ol't K

8 "i$ /,$&t " -"* i(to*i& -&9i 3i $oi. 6M'*i&'! 1@@7.

T*'i'$ V"i$'3 ' *'li2't o &l'(i#i&'* ' go(/o")*iilo* *,*'l. Î$ o/i$i' ('! '&(t' /ot

#i 8 go(/o")*ii t*'"i%io$'l! &'* /*'&ti&) o 'g*i&,lt,*) " (,2i(t$%) K

8 go(/o")*ii *2i"$%i'l! ,$" '&ti-it't' (t '&ti-) "o'* 0$ '/*ili8o&tom*i!

/*o",&%i' 'g*i&ol) #ii$" -$",t) K

8 go(/o")*ii mo"*$! &'* /o(") / l$g) &'() 3i g*':"! ,$lt m&'$i2't! /*o",&%i'

'g*i&ol) #ii$" -$",t) K

8 go(/o")*i' /*imiti-)! &'* $, /o(") "&t &'()! #)*) t*$ '*'il (', '$im'l.

6V"i$'3! >1! >7.Pot #i "i(ti$( /'t*, ti/,*i " (/'%ii *,*'l

8 coroana periurbanului! ,$" &o$(t*,&%iil (/'%i,l,i ,*'$ (,$t limit't! #)*) m,t'%ii

(/* ,$ /*o&( " ,*'$i2'* K

8 'l "oil' ti/ ( &'*'&t*i2'2) /*i$t*8o economie agricolă productivă! "'* 0$

(o&it't' *,*'l) $, /*"omi$) 'g*i&,lto*ii 3i mo",l %)*)$(& " -i'%) K

8 'l t*il' ti/ (t ruralul profund. Î$ '&(t (/'%i, mo"*$it't' (t */*2$t't)

(l'. So&it't' *,*'l) *#l&t) "i#i&,lt't' &o$"i%iilo* " -i'%) K

8 'l /'t*,l' ti/ ( &'*'&t*i2'2) /*i$ servicii tipice pentru spaţiul urban! /$t*,

/t*&*' tim/,l,i li*! "i-*( '&ti-it)%i (o&i'l 3i i$",(t*i'l . A&(t '&ti-it)%i *"', -i'%'

(/'%i,l,i *,*'l 3i i$t*o",& /*o&( &o$omi&! (o&i'l 3i &,lt,*'l i*-*(iil.

C*&t)to*ii " l' SEGESA 6So&it't' " St,"ii Gog*'#i& 3i E&o$omi&7 ',

i"$ti#i&'t /(t "o,) (,t " -'*i'il "(&*i( /*i$ /*i$&i/'ll lm$t " (t*,&t,*) (o&io8

&o$omi&) 0$ "i$'mi&) 3i ', i"$ti#i&'t /'t*, g*,/ /*i$&i/'l! &'*'&t*i2't /*i$

8 'g*i&,lt,*) "omi$'$t) 3i *l'ti- *2i(t$t) K

8 'g*i&,lt,*) *2i(t$t) 3i "i-*(i#i&'t) K

8 &*i2) 'g*i&ol) 3i "mog*'#i&) &, '&ti-it)%i $oi K

8 "-it'li2'* 3i ,tili2'* tm/o*'*) .

O 'lt) ti/ologi (t &' /*o/,() " INSEE 6I$(tit,t N'tio$'l " l' St'ti(ti, t "(

t,"( &o$omi,(7. A&'(t' "i(ti$g t*i m'*i &'tgo*ii 'g*i&ol! i$t*m"i'* 3i ,*'$.

Î$ tot'l ( "i(ti$g 1 ti/,*i

Ruralul profund "i$ /o/,l'%i (t im/li&'t) 0$ 'g*i&,lt,*)K &,$o'3t ,$ "&li$

"mog*'#i& '&&$t,'t

8 ti/,l 1 5 *,*'l,l /*o#,$" &'* ' /i*",t "i$ -it2) K


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8 ti/,l > 5 *,*'l,l /*o#,$"! &, '&ti-it't' 'g*i&ol) g*'"'t) .

Ruralul semi-agricol &, "&li$ "mog*'#i& '&&$t,'t

8 ti/,l 5 'g*i&,lt,*) *$t'il)! 4/lo't'%ii 'g*i&ol m'*i K

8 ti/,l J 5 'g*i&,lt,*) ()*'&)! m,l%i /$(io$'*i K

8 ti/,l 5 '2i$ i$",(t*i'l & $#i&i'2) " #o*%) " m,$&) *,*'l) (l' &'li#i&'t) .Ruralul în mutaţie m':o*it't' /o/,l'%ii (t '$g':'t) 0$ 'g*i&,lt,*)

8 ti/,l 5 *2i"$%' ('l'*i'%ilo* i$",(t*i'li &'li#i&'%i K

8 ti/,l 5 /*i#*i' '2i$lo* i$",(t*i'l t*'"i%io$'l K

8 ti/,l ? 5 /*i#*i' *&$t) ' '2i$lo* i$",(t*i'l K

8 ti/,l @ 5 m':o*it't' m(*iilo* i$"/$"$t 3i t,*i(ti& .

Ruralul în stagnare m':o*it't' /o/,l'%ii (t '$g':'t) 0$ 'g*i&,lt,*)

8 ti/,l 1 5 ( m'$i#(t) ,$ /*o&( '-'$('t " t*&* " l' 'g*i&,lt,*) l' i$",(t*i K8 ti/,l 11 5 '2i$ i$",(t*i'l '#l't 0$t*8,$ /,t*$i& "&li$ K

8 ti/,l 1> 5 &$t*, " 't*'&%i *,*'l) K

8 ti/,l 1 5 -iti&,lt,*' 3i m'*' 'g*i&,lt,*) ('l'*i't) .

Intermediarul /o/,l'%i' 'g*i&ol) (t 0$&) im/o*t'$t)

8 ti/,l 1J 5 m':o*it't' /o/,l'%ii (t i$'&ti-) 3i *t*'() "i$ '&ti-it't K

8 ti/,l 1 5 lo&,l &oo*"o$'to* 'l &'$to'$lo* 'g*i&ol! &, '&ti-it)%i &o$omi& 0$

(&to*,l &om*%,l,i 3i '*ti2'$'t .

Ni&ol M'ti,! 0m/*,$) &, .C.Bo$t*o$! ':,t'%i " to*i' l,i F. Pi$g*'$"! ', l'o*'t

o to*i 0$ /)*%i! (,li$ii$" &omi$'%iil /o(iil 0$t* (i(tm,l i$t*$ 3i #o*m'%i,$' (o&i'l)

0$ '$('ml,

8 (/'%ii i$tg*'t -&9i K

8 (/'%ii i$tg*'t /*i$ (,(tit,%i' #,$&%iilo* K

8 (/'%ii /*o",&ti- "/$"$t " /i'%)! "'* '-$" (t*,&t,*i &'* $, (,$t &'/it'li(tK

8 (/'%ii m'*gi$'li2't! &'* $, (,$t &o$(tit,it /*i$ mi:lo'& /,li& (', /*i-'tK

8 (/'%ii ''$"o$'t! $/*o",&ti- 3i 0$ &,*( " "3*ti#i&'* .

Î$ l,&*'*' ;L' *$'i(('$& *,*'l

- ruralul semiagricol. i '&(t' &,$o'3t ,$ "&li$ "mog*'#i&! "'* &om,$it)%il ',

4/lo't'%ii 'g*i&ol m'*i 3i o 'g*i&,lt,*) *$t'il)! 'l)t,*i " o 'g*i&,lt,*) ()*'&).


8/116

Com,$it)%il *,*'l,l,i semiagricol ( '#l) 3i 0$ '2i$ i$",(t*i'l ce oeră o m*nă de lucru

puţin caliicată.

- ruralul în mutaţie. E(t ,$ *,*'l &, /o/,l'%i 'g*i&ol) -ig,*o'(). Com,$it)%il

'&(t,i ti/ " *,*'l (,$t ;*2i"$% " ('l'*i'%i i$",(t*i'li &'li#i&'%i

'g*i&,lt,*) m'*! &, ('l'*i'%i R,*'l (/'& &9'*'&t*i(ti&(

S/'%i,l *,*'l ',t$ti& ( "i(ti$g "i$ to't /,$&tl " -"* 6(t*,&t,*) &o$omi&)!

/o/,l'%i! o&,/'%ii! &,lt,*)! -i'%) (o&i'l)7 " (/'%i,l ,*'$ (', " &l ,*'$8i$",(t*i'l.

Di$ punct de vedere al structurii economice! 0$ (/'%i,l *,*'l 'g*i&,lt,*' (t *'m,*'" '2)! '&ti-it)%il 'g*i&ol 'g*i&ol o&,/$" &l m'i 0$ti$( 2o$. E4i(t) 2o$ 6&,m (,$t

&l mo$t'$7 0$ &'* (il-i&,lt,*'! 4/lo't'%ii #o*(ti*! '&ti-it)%i " /*l,&*'* ' lm$,l,i!

"i#*it '&ti-it)%i m3t3,g)*3ti (,$t /*"omi$'$t! 'tt o&,/'%io$'l &t 3i t*ito*i'l.

D '(m$'! 0$ 'lt 2o$ /ot /*"omi$' '&ti-it)%i 'g*ot,*i(ti&! " /(&,it (',

-$)to'*. C, to't) "i-*(it't' &o$omi&)! (/'%i,l *,*'l *)m$ ,$ (/'%i, /*"omi$'$t 'g*'*.

Di$ /,$&t " -"* o&,/'%io$'l! (/'%i,l *,*'l (t ,$ spaţiu de producţie. P*o",&%i'

'g*o'lim$t'*) 6*/*2$t't) " &,lt,*il " &m/! /':i3ti! lg,mi&,lt,*)! -iti&,lt,*)! /omi&,lt,*) 3i &*3t*' '$im'llo*7! (il-i&,lt,*' 3i (&to'*l &o$4 '&(ti'! m3t3,g,*il

', o /o$"* im/o*t'$t) 0$ &'"*,l '&ti-it)%ii g$*'l "i$ (/'%i,l *,*'l.

M':o*it't' '&ti-it)%ilo* "(#)3,*'t 0$ (/'%i,l *,*'l (,$t '&ti-it)%i /*'&ti&. P*o&$t,l

/o/,l'%ii o&,/'t 0$ '"mi$i(t*'%i (', (*-i&ii (t m'i *",( &' /o$"*. O m'* /'*t "i$

/o/,l'%i' &'* l,&*'2) 0$ (&to*,l $/*o",&ti- l,&*'2)! 0$ tim/,l (&,$"'*! 0$ 'g*i&,lt,*)

6#i ':,t$",8i / &il'l%i mm*ii 'i #'milii! #i l,&*$" 0$ /*o/*iil lo* #*m7. E(t ,$

'(/&t "#i$ito*i, /$t*, /o/,l'%i' *,*'l) " ' l,&*' &o$&omit$t 0$ (&to'*l 'g*i&ol 3i

$'g*i&ol. Att /*o#(o*,l " l' ('t &t 3i m"i&,l l,&*'2) 0$ go(/o")*i' /*o/*i.

?


9/116

O 'lt) &'*'&t*i(ti&) ($%i'l) ' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l (t predominanţa proprietăţii

private, familiale. D '(m$'! /*o/*it't' /,li&) 3i /*i-'t) ' (t't,l,i (t *",()

6*2*-'%ii! /'*&,*i $'%io$'l! t*$,*i limit*o# &)ilo* " &om,$i&'%ii 3i *%llo* " t*'$(/o*t!

'lt t*$,*i (/&i'l7.

Di$ /,$&t " -"* 'l densităţii populaţiei şi al mărimii aşezărilor umane! (/'%i,l*,*'l (t m,lt m'i '*i(it "&t &l ,*'$. R'/o*t,*il 0$t* mm*ii &om,$it)%ii (,$t #o'*t

'/*o/i't! i'* &t)%$ii " l' ('t ( im/li&) #o'*t m,lt 0$ /*olml &om,$it)%ii. S/'%i,l

*,*'l '* o -i'%) (o&i'l) m'i '/*o/i't).

Di$ punct de vedere peisagistic! (/'%i,l *,*'l (t "'to*it) #lo*i 3i #',$i m,lt m'i

'/*&i't "&t &l ,*'$. U*'$i2'*' 3i i$",(t*i'li2'*' 4&(i-) ', #)&,t &' tot m'i m,l%i

o'm$i "i$ o*'3 ()83i &',t *#,gi,l l' %'*). S,$t m,l%i &'* 03i &,m/)*) &'( 3i t*$,*i 0$

(/'%i,l *,*'l! to&m'i /$t*, $-oi' " li$i3t 3i /$t*, ;0$&)*&'*' 't*iilo*


10/116

paţiul rural periurban &,/*i$" 2o$' limit*o#) m'*ilo* o*'3 3i &$t* i$",(t*i'l.

A* o *'2) 0$t* 1 3i Qm! 0$ #,$&%i " m)*im' o*'3,l,i. S/'%i,l *,*'l /*i,*'$ '* o

/,t*$i&) 'm/*$t) ,*'$). Ai&i '/'* 'tt #$om$ " ,*'$i2'* &t 3i " *,*'li2'*! #'/t &

l &o$#*) ,$ &'*'&t* 9i*i" *,*'l8,*'$.

A&(t 2o$ (,$t #o'*t -ol,'t "i$ /,$&t " -"* 'l &9i/)*ii t9$i&! 'tt "'to*it)",&'%ii lo&,ito*ilo*! &t 3i 'l -$it,*ilo* m'i m'*i 'l /o/,l'%ii. Di$ /,$&t " -"* &,lt,*'l

3i '*9it&t,*'l! 2o$l *,*'l /*i,*'$ (,$t #o'*t i$#l,$%'t 6" m,lt o*i $g'ti-7 " (/'%i,l

*,*'l. R,*'l,l ',t$ti& (t tot m'i '($t 3i '/'* m,lt lm$t 'l ,*'$,l,i.

Po/,l'%i' '&(to* 2o$ (t #o'*t 9t*og$)! m':o*it't' lo&,ito*ilo* "i$ '&(t 2o$

#'& $'-t' 2il$i&! "imi$'%' (/* lo&,*il " m,$&) 3i 0$-)%)m$t! i'* ",/) 'mi'2' i$-*( (/*

('t. Lo&'l)t)%il *,*'l /*i,*'$ ', /*/o$"*$t #,$&%i " 9'it't /$t*, &i &'* l,&*'2)

0$ o*'3.C'*'&t*,l 9t*og$ 'l lo&'lit)%ilo* *,*'l /*i,*'$ (t "'t " mi3&'*' tot m'i

/,t*$i&) ' /o/,l'%ii. Î$ m,lt o*'3 ', '/)*,t '"-)*'t ;&'*ti* $oi

=i$$" ('m' " "i(t'$%' mi&) #'%) " lo&,*il " "(#'&*! 'g*i&,lt,*' '* ,$ &'*'&t*

/*/o$"*$t lg,mi&ol! /omi&ol (', " &*3t* ' '$im'llo*. Î$ #*ml 'g*i&ol ( /*'&ti&)

'g*i&,lt,*' i$t$(i-).

F*ml ', (,/*'#% mi&i (/* mi:lo&ii. Î$ m,lt #*m ( l,&*'2) /'*t8tim! ('l'*i'%ii

m,$&i$" 3i 0$ #*ml 'g*i&ol #'mili'l. M,lt go(/o")*ii *,*'l ', &'*'&t* " 9o+8#*m)

(', " &'()8#*m) " (,2i(t$%).

E4i(t) %)*i 0$ &'* ', '/)*,t #$om$ " ,*'$i2'* ' ('tlo*! '&(t' "-$i$"

'")/o(t,*i /$t*, &i &'* $,83i m'i g)((& lo&,l 0$ o*'3l (,/*''glom*'t. C*3t*'

4&(i-) ' /o/,l'%ii "i$ '&(t 2o$ ' ",( l' i$-(ti%ii m'*i! #'/t & '* &' #&t "*,*'li2'*'

lo&'lit)%ilo*. Î$ '$ii 1@81@? m,lt o*'3 'l G*m'$ii! El-%ii! A,(t*ii (', Ol'$"i ',

t*&,t /*i$ '&(t 4/*i$%.

I"' #,$"'m$t'l) ' &o$&/t,l,i " "2-olt'* *,*'l) 0$ 2o$l /*i,*'$ '* 0$

&$t*,l (), &o$&/t,l " ',t$ti&it't *,*'l). E(t $-oi " o /oliti&) " 0$#ii$%'* 3i

"2-olt'* ' IMM8,*ilo* 0$ 2o$' *,*'l)! /*i$ i$t*m"i,l &)*o*' () (&'") $'-ti(m,l. D

'(m$'! t*,i &' ',to*it)%il lo&'l () 'i) &' /*io*it)%i '(/&tl &ologi&! (o&i'l 3i

&,lt,*'l 3i $, &l #i$'$&i'*8&o$omi&. A&'(t) /oliti&) '* ",& l' /*ot&%i' *,*'l,l,i

0m/ot*i-' ,*'$i2)*ii.

1


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paţiul rural intermediar &,/*i$" &' m'i m'* (,/*'#'%) ' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l! i'*

'g*i&,lt,*' (t *'m,*' &o$omi&) /*"omi$'$t). A(t#l! (/'%i,l *,*'l i$t*m"i'* (t (/'%i,l

'g*i&ol 3i &,/*i$" 2o$l &*'li*! #,*':*! " &*3t* ' '$im'llo*! -iti&ol 3i /omi&ol. Î$

'&'(t) 2o$) ( 0$tl$(& 0$t*/*i$"*il 'g*i&ol /*#o*m'$t 6#*m /*i-'t8#'mili'l (',

4/lo't'%ii " ti/ '(o&i'ti-7.A&&$t,l (t /,( / /*o#it'ilit't' 4/lo't'%iilo* 'g*i&ol! i'* (/&i'li2'*' 4&(i-) '

",( l' '/'*i%i' ,$,i $o, ti/ " "2-olt'* *,*'l) 0$ '$ii 1@81@. A(t#l! 2o$ 'g*i&ol

0$ti$( "i$ E,*o/' 3i Am*i&' ', "-$it (t*i&t (/&i'li2't 6&,lt,*i " /o*,m! (oi'! &'*to#!

(#&l) " 2'9)* t&.7. D'to*it) 'g*i&,lt,*ii i$t$(i-! /*o",&%iil m"ii " g*, ', &*(&,t " J8

o*i! &l " /o*,m " 8J o*i. Î$ "o'* >8> " '$i (8' t*&,t l' (,/*'/*o",&%i' 'g*i&ol)!

/*%,*il /*o",(lo* 'g*i&ol ', (&)2,t -*tigi$o(! i'* g,-*$l (t'tlo* ,*o/$ ', t*,it ()

i' o (*i " m)(,*i /$t*, ' *gl' /*o",&%i' 3i -$it,*il #*mi*ilo*. F*ml mi&i 3i mi:lo&ii', #o(t /*l,'t " &l m'*i! i'* $,m)*,l #*mi*ilo* ' (&)2,t " l' '$ l' '$.

Î$ %)*il #o(t &om,$i(t (8' t*&,t l' "&ol&ti-i2'*' 'g*i&,lt,*ii! (8' *'li2't

*0m/*o/*it)*i*'! "'* 4/lo't'%iil /*i-'t8#'mili'l $, ', /*imit ,$ (/*i:i$ (,(%i$,t " l' (t't.

paţiul rural periferic (it,'t l' ;/*i#*i'< &o$omi&)! /*o",&ti-) 3i "#'-o*i2't)

(o&i'l ' (i(tm,l,i 'g*'*. A/'*i%i' ,$o* 2o$ /*i#*i& 0$ (/'%i,l *,*'l "t*mi$'t) " #'&to*i

&o$omi&i 3i 'g*o&ologi&i. Di$t* '&3ti' 'mi$tim 'm/l'('*' t*$,*ilo* 'g*i&ol #'%) "

/,$&tl " "(#'&* (', /ot$%'l,l $'t,*'l 3i t9$ologi& 'l t*$,*ilo*.

Î$ Rom$i' "i$ &i*&' @!J milio'$ " 9' t*$ '*'il! !? milio'$ 9' 6J!7

*/*2i$t) t*$ &, /ot$%i'l i$#*io* " /*o",&%i. S,$t 2o$ (,/,( ,$o* /,t*$i& /*o&( "

*o2i,$ ' (ol,l,i 62o$' V'(l,i,l,i! B*l'",l,i! Po"i3,l T*'$(il-'$ii! D'l,*il V*'$&i t&.7.

Î$ 2o$' $i(i/,*ilo* 3i 4/lo't'%iilo* &'*o$i#* "i$ Olt$i' 3i Dlt' D,$)*ii 4i(t) (/'%ii

"#'-o*i2't.

Cl'(i#i&'*' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l 0$ /*i,*'$! i$t*m"i'* 3i m'*gi$'l $, (t (t*i&t

"limit't). Î$ #i&'* &'tgo*i " (/'%i, ( 0$tl$(& 2o$ "i$ &ll'lt &'tgo*ii. U$ lo&

'/'*t 0l o&,/) *gi,$il "#'-o*i2't. S&)"*' '&ti-it)%ii &o$omi&! 0m)t*$i*' /o/,l'%ii!

/l&'*' ti$*t,l,i " l' ('t (/* o*'3! #$om$l " "3*ti#i&'* (,$t &t-' "i$ *i(&,*il

&'* 'm$i$%) 2o$l *,*'l.

Regiuni defavorizate, 0$ '&'(t) $o%i,$ i$t*$" ,*m)to'*l &'tgo*ii *gi,$i

mo$t'$! *gi,$i (,"2-olt't! *gi,$i *,*'l 0$ "i#i&,lt't.

Î$ Rom$i'! regiunile montane &,/*i$" > "i$ (,/*'#'%' %)*ii 6&i*&' . Qm >7!

! milio'$ " lo&,ito*i 3i m'i m,lt " ,$ milio$ " go(/o")*ii %)*)$3ti #'mili'l. E&o$omi'

*,*'l) "i$ '&(t 2o$ (t ,$' mi4t)! #o*m't) "i$ 'g*i&,lt,*)! '2't) / &*3t*' '$im'llo*!

4/lo't'*' /':i3tilo* $'t,*'l 3i /omi&,lt,*) *,(ti&)! 4/lo't'*' /)",*ilo* 3i /*l,&*'*'

11


12/116

lm$,l,i! &,l(,l 3i /*l,&*'*' #*,&tlo* " /)",*! "i#*it IMM8,*i. U$ lo& im/o*t'$t 0$

&o$omi' *,*'l) 0l o&,/) 'g*ot,*i(m,l mo$t'$.

P*i$&i/'l' &'*'&t*i(ti&) ' &o$omii 'g*omo$t'$ (t go(/o")*i' %)*)$'(&) "

(,2i(t$%). A&(ti' 0i *-i$ &i*&' !J 9' / go(/o")*i! "i$ &'* >! 9' t*$ 'g*i&ol

6#o*m't "i$ !1 9' '*'il! 1!@ 9' /)3,$i 3i #$% $'t,*'l 3i !@ 9' li-2i 7 3i &i*&' ! 9' /)",*i. Fi&)*i go(/o")*i 0i *-i$ !@J o-i$! 1!> /o*&i$! >! o-i$ 3i !1 &''li$.

!abel 1.1

ituaţia comparativă a gospodăriilor agromontane "1#$%, 1##$&

!'e comparative situation of t'e agro-mountainous 'omesteads "1#$%, 1##$&

pecificare 1#$% 1##$1##$(1#$%

)

S,/*'#'%' m"i! 9'8 'g*i&ol

8 '*'il8 /)3,$i 3i #$%8 li-2i

8 /)",*i

!? >!J

1!? !?1 !1 1!1>

!J1>!

!11!@!@!

??! @1!>

>!? >?! @! !

E#&ti-l " '$im'l8 -'&i &, l'/t8 /o*&i8 oi8 '$im'l " m,$&)

1!J@ !?@ 1!? ! !J

J!??!@J1!>>!!1

J! 1! ! ! !>

1ursa % 23 sate rom*ne!ti – situaţia economică" Institutul de 4tiinţe 1ociale

al 5om*niei" 6786 5aportul Direcţiei generale a zonei montane" Ministerul Agriculturii !i Alimentaţiei" 6779&

C' #&t 'l Lgii #o$",l,i #,$&i'* 6Lg' 1?1@@17! (,/*'#'%' " /)",* '#*$t)

#i&)*i go(/o")*ii (8' *",( " o*i #'%) " /*io'"' i$t*li&)! '#&t$" /,t*$i&

go(/o")*iil mo$t'$. D '(m$'! #&ti-l " '$im'l (8', *",( #o'*t m,lt! &l "i$

1@@ #ii$" l' m'i /,%i$ " :,m)t't #'%) " 1@?. C' m'i m'* *",&* (8' 0$*gi(t*'t l'

#&ti-l " o-i$. O'i' =,*&'$) ' '(ig,*'t 0$ m'* /'*t &l $&('* go(/o")*ii /*i$

/*o",&%i' " &'*$! l'/t 3i l$).

Regiunile rămase în urmă din punct de vedere al dezvoltării rurală. Î$ Rom$i'!

$o%i,$' " (,"2-olt'* *,*'l) $, (t *glm$t't). Î$ U$i,$' E,*o/'$)! Rglm$t'*'

>>1@?? "#i$3t *gi,$il *,*'l *)m'( 0$ ,*m) '&l 2o$ 0$ &'* /*o",(,l i$t*$ *,t

6PIB7 */*2i$t) (, "i$ m"i' &om,$it'*). Î$ Rom$i'! &'l&,l,l PIB ( #'& "o'* /

:,"%. A/li&$" '&(t &*it*i,! 0$ &'tgo*i' :,"%lo* *)m'( 0$ ,*m) "i$ /,$&t " -"* 'l

"2-olt)*ii *,*'l i$t*) ,*m)to'*l Olt! Bi(t*i%'8N)(),"! V'(l,i! I'lomi%'! Boto3'$i! C)l)*'3i

3i Gi,*gi,. A&(t &'l&,l / :,"% $, (t *l-'$t! 0$ #i&'* :,"% /,t$",8( "limit' '(t#l

" 2o$.

1>


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Regiunile rurale în dificultate "în declin& ( &'*&t*i2'2) /*i$t*8,$ $i-l (&)2,t "

"2-olt'* (o&io8&o$omi&). Î$ 1@@! U$i,$' E,*o/'$) '/*&i'2) &) > "i$ t*ito*i,l

&om,$it'* 3i &i*&' >! milio'$ " lo&,ito*i 6?!? "i$ /o/,l'%i' tot'l) ' UE 517 '/'*%i$

2o$lo* *,*'l 0$ "i#i&,lt't.

A&(t *gi,$i ', $-oi " /*og*'m m,lti$'%io$'l /$t*, m$%i$*' 3i "2-olt'*'&om,$it)%ii *,*'l -i'il. P*og*'ml " "2-olt'* ' 2o$lo* 0$ "i#i&,lt't t*,i ()

&,/*i$") ,*m)to'*l "om$ii

8 "i-*(i#i&'*' '&ti-it)%ilo* "i$ (&to*,l /*im'* K

8 "2-olt'*' (&to'*lo* $'g*i&ol K

8 "2-olt'*' 'g*ot,*i(m,l,i K

8 /*ot&%i' 3i *&o$(t*,&%i' m"i,l,i $'t,*'l K

8 "2-olt'*' *(,*(lo* ,m'$ K8 '(i(t$%) t9$i&) .

i 0$ Rom$i' 4i(t) 2o$ *,*'l 0$ "&li$! '/'*i%i' lo* #ii$" "t*mi$'t) " m'i m,l%i

#'&to*i $'t,*'li! (o&i'li 3i &o$omi&i. Di$t* '&3ti' 'mi$tim "g*'"'*' '&&$t,'t) '

t*$,*ilo* 'g*i&ol! (l'' "ot'* t9$i&) ' go(/o")*iilo*! (i(tm,l "#i&it'* " &*"it'* 'l

'g*i&,lt,*ii. Î$ Rom$i'! 2o$ *,*'l 0$ "&li$ ( 0$tl$(& :,"%l Timi3! A*'"! C'*'38

S-*i$! B*'3o-! Sii,! Al'! S't,8M'*! Bi(t*i%'8N)(),"! S,&'-'! N'm%. E(t #&t,l

"/o/,l)*ilo* m'(i-! 0$ (/&i'l " &)t* lo&,ito*ii " t$i g*m'$). S't &' G*''%! Gotlo!

Ti*ol! Rot'- (', D'&i' (,$t 4m/l lo&-$t 'l '&(t,i /*o&(.

Lo&'lit)%i *,*'l 0$ "&li$ $, ( 0$tl$(& "o'* 0$ 2o$l &, /o/,l'%i g*m'$). Î$

D'l,*il B'$'t,l,i 3i Po"i3,l Li/o-i ', "i(/)*,t &om/lt m,lt ('t! i'* 'ltl (,$t / &'l

" "i(/'*i%i. Ai&i (8', i$(t'l't #'milii " &io'$i 0$ t*'$(9,m'$%) &'* #'& *g,l' "

&o$-i%,i* 3i 4/lo't'%i 'g*i&ol) ' '&(to* 2o$.

1.1.J F,$&%iil (/'%i,l,i *,*'l

1.1.J F,$&tio$( o# *,*'l (/'&

C'*t' ,*o/'$) "#i$3t 0$ titl,l II ,*m)to'*l #,$&%ii 'l (/'%i,l,i *,*'l #,$&%i'

&o$omi&)! #,$&%i' &ologi&) 3i #,$&%i' (o&io8&,lt,*'l). Î$ /*im,l /*oi&t 'l C'*ti ,*o/$ '

(/'%i,l,i *,*'l! *"'&t't " 4/*%ii Comi(ii " 'g*i&,lt,*) 3i "2-olt'* *,*'l) " l' Co$(ili,l

E,*o/i! /*o#(o*ii I. H,"',lt 6F*'$%'7 3i Po// 6El-%i'7! "/,( 0$ i'$,'*i 1@@ l' A",$'*'

/'*l'm$t'*)! ', #o(t /*-)2,t #,$&%ii 'l (/'%i,l,i *,*'l #,$&%i' &o$omi&)! &ologi&) 3i

(o&i'l). A&(t /*oi&t " C'*t) ,*o/'$) ' #o(t "i#,2't /'*l'm$tlo* %)*ilo* mm* 'l

Co$(ili,l,i E,*o/i! /$t*, ' #i "i(&,t't 0$ Comi(iil " 'g*i&,lt,*) 3i /$t*, #o*m,l'*' "

o(*-'%ii 3i 'm$"'m$t.

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P*oi&t,l " C'*t) ,*o/'$) ' #o(t "i(&,t't '/oi 0$ m'*ti 1@@ l' V*o$'! &, /*il:,l

&l,i "8'l III8l' Fo*,m ,*o/'$ '(,/*' 'g*i&,lt,*ii. C, '&(t /*il:! P*o#. Io$ P),$ Otim'$

' #o*m,l't ,$ 'm$"'m$t /$t*, "#i$i*' &li "8' /'t*' #,$&%ii8 #,$&%i' &,lt,*'l). A&(t

'm$"'m$t ' #o(t $&('* "o'*& #i&'* lo&'lit't *,*'l) 03i '* /*o/*i' /*(o$'lit't

&,lt,*'l)! /*i$ #ol&lo*! oi&i,*i! t*'"i%ii i(to*i&. =i$$" &o$t " '*g,m$tl /*2$t't! 0$C'*t' ,*o/'$) ' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l '"o/t't) " A",$'*' /'*l'm$t'*) ' Co$(ili,l,i E,*o/i 0$

> '/*ili 1@@! &' "8' t*i' #,$&%i ' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l "#i$it) &' 3i (o&io8&,lt,*'l).

C'*t' ,*o/'$) /*-" (t'ili*' 3i '/li&'*' ,$,i /l'$ g$*'l /$t*, 'm$':'*'

t*ito*i,l,i *,*'l. D3i #,$&%i' &o$omi&) (t /*io*it'*)! 0$ /*o&(,l " "2-olt'* *,*'l) "

'$('ml,! &l /'t*, #,$&%ii ( 0$t*/)t*,$".

*uncţia economică a spaţiului rural (t #,$&%i' " '2) ' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l 3i (t

#,$"'m$t't) / 'g*i&,lt,*). D '(m$'! 0$ (/'%i,l *,*'l ( "2-olt) 3i 'lt *'m,*i '#l't 0$'mo$t 3i '-'l " 'g*i&,lt,*) i$",(t*i'! (il-i&,lt,*'! (*-i&iil.

=)*il (m$'t'* 'l C'*ti ,*o/$ ' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l ( '$g':'2) să garanteze un

sistem de producţie agricolă care să asigure %

6& necesarul de alimente al populaţiei

:& garantarea unui ni'el al 'enitului (proitului) agricultorilor !i amiliilor lor

apropiat !i comparabil cu a celorlalte proesiuni liberale cu un ni'el de responsabilitate

comparabil" păstr*nd o sursă de 'enit( proit) undamental pentru populaţia rurală

9& prote$area mediului #ncon$urător !i asigurarea regenerării mi$loacelor de producţie

ca solul !i apa reatică pentru generaţiile 'iitoare #n spiritul unei dez'oltări durabile.

F,$&%i' &o$omi&) '* 3i 'lt &om/o$$t /*o",&*' " m't*ii /*im *&i&l'il

/$t*, i$",(t*i 3i /$t*, /*o",&*' $*gii! '(ig,*'*' $-oilo* IMM8,*ilo* 'g*i&ol!

i$",(t*i'l! '*ti2'$'l! " &om*% 3i " /*(t)*i " (*-i&ii! '(ig,*'*' ,$i '2 /$t*,

*&*'%i 3i t,*i(m! &o$(*-'*' *(,*(lo* g$ti& &' '2) ' 'g*i&,lt,*ii 3i iot9$ologii .

C, &t (t*,&t,*' &o$omi&) ' *,*'l,l,i m'i "i-*(i#i&'t)! &, 'tt im/li&'%iil (o&i'l

(,$t m'i #'-o*'il /o(iilit)%i " "/l'('* ' #o*%i " m,$&)! (t'ilit't' /o/,l'%ii!

m$%i$*' ti$*t,l,i 0$ (/'%i,l *,*'l o#*i$",8l o&'2ii " ' l,&*' 0$ *'m,*i $'g*i&ol!

#olo(i*' tim/,l,i (&,$"'* 6/'*%i'l7 'l ('l'*i'%ilo* 0$ #*ml 'g*i&ol /*i-'t8#'mili'l.

*uncţia ecologică a spaţiului rural I$",(t*i'li2'*' 4&(i-) ' *,*'l,l,i ' ",( l'

'/'*i%i' 3i i$t$(i#i&'*' ,$o* /*o&( "o(it " g*'- /$t*, -iito*,l om$i*ii /ol,'*'

/,t*$i&) ' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l! "t*io*'*' /i(':,l,i! *",&*' #lo*i 3i #',$i! (t*i&'*'

&9ili*,l,i &ologi&. Elimi$'*' #$om$lo* $,m*'t #'& "i$ #,$&%i' &ologi&) ' (/'%i,l,i

*,*'l ,$ lm$t im/o*t'$t 'l 'mlio*)*ii '&(t,i (/'%i,.

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*uncţia socio-culturală a spaţiului rural P*i$ $'t,*' '&ti-it)%ilo* ,m'$ 3i '

*l'%iilo* i$t*,m'$ (/'%i,l *,*'l (t ,$ (/'%i, (o&i'l. S/* "o(i* " &$t*l ,*'$ 0$

&'* /*i$&i/'l,l '(/&t (t '$o$im't,l! 0$ (/'%i,l *,*'l to%i o'm$ii ( &,$o(& 0$t* i. A/'*

'(t#l "o(i*' 0$t* &om/o*t'm$t,l om,l,i '$o$im 3i &l 'l om,l,i i"$tit't. R,*'l,l (t

&o$(t*,it / *g,li (oli"! i'* &l &'* $, l *(/&t)! /*'&ti& ( ',tolimi$) "i$ &ol&ti-it't.A(imil'*' $oilo* -$i%i ( #'& g*, 3i ",/) o l,$g) t(t'*. F'&to*ii &'* g*)(& '(imil'*'

(,$t *#*i$%l "i$ m"i,l o*igi$'*! loi'lit't' 3i &om/o*t'm$t,l i*/*o3'il.

U*'$i2'*' 4&(i-) ' ",( l' /ol,'*'t*'"i%iilo* 3i #ol&lo*,l,i. Mi3&)*il /o/,l'%ii!

"t*mi$'t " "/o/,l)*il m'(i- 'l ('t,l,i ', '#&t't m,lt $o*m &'* /)*', "#i$iti-

(t'to*$i&it.

Î$ lo&'lit)%il *,*'l! -i'%' (o&i'l) ' o'm$ilo* (t*$( lg't) " &' (/i*it,'l) 3i

&,lt,*'l). D3i (,$t t*'"i%ii & ', "i(/)*,t "i$ &',2' mo"*$it)%ii! 0$ (/'%i,l *,*'l 4i(t) 0$&)t2',* " t$og*'#i 3i #ol&lo*. L' m'$i#(t'%iil lo&'l (', $'%io$'l /o*t,l t*'"i%io$'l 3i

g'(t*o$omi' (,$t #o'*t '/*&i't.

1.+ Conceptul de dezvoltare rurală

1.+ Rural development concept

T*m$,l dez'oltare rurală &,/*i$" to't '&%i,$il 0$"*/t't /$t*, 0m,$)t)%i*'

&'lit)%ii -i%ii /o/,l'%ii "i$ (/'%i,l *,*'l! /$t*, /)(t*'*' /i(':,l,i $'t,*'l 3i &,lt,*'l 3i &'*'(ig,*) "2-olt'*' ",*'il) ' (/'%iilo* *,*'l! &o$#o*m &o$"i%iilo* 3i (/&i#i&,l,i lo&,*ilo*.

E4i(t) m,lt (it,'%ii 0$ &'* $o%i,$' " dez'oltare ( i"$ti#i&) &, &' " cre!tere! "3i l $,

(,$t (i$o$im 6M'*i' Vi$&2! >7.

C*3t*' 0$('m$) 4ti$"*' 0$t*gii '&ti-it)%i &o$omi& 0$t*8,$ t*ito*i, 3i (

m)(o'*) /*i$t*8o &*3t* ' lo&,*ilo* " m,$&) 3i ' -$it,*ilo* /o/,l'%ii. D2-olt'*' '* &'

(&o/ &*3t*' ",*'il) ' /*o",&ti-it)%ii i$"i-i",'l! &om,$it'* 3i i$(tit,%io$'l! &' & /o't

",& l' '(ig,*'*' ,$o* -$it,*i m'i m'*i /$t*, i$"i-i2i.D2-olt'*' *,*'l) (t lg't) " Politi&' Ag*i&ol) Com,$) 6PAC7. P*i$&i/'ll

oi&ti- 'l '&(ti' (,$t

8 mo"*$i2'*' #*mlo* 3i '(ig,*'*' (/*i:i$,l,i #i$'$&i'* /$t*, ti$*ii #*mi*i K

8 /*omo-'*' i$#*'(t*,&t,*ilo* /$t*, t,*i(m 3i 0$&,*':'*' '&ti-it)%ilo* lo&'l K

8 '&&(iilit't m'i ,$) ' /o/,l'%ii l' (*-i&ii 6*%l " &om,$i&'%ii! '/*o-i2io$'*

&, '/) 3i $*gi l&t*i&)7 K

8 o/*i*' "/o/,l)*ii 2o$lo* *,*'l! /*i$ ':,to'* /$t*, /*#&%io$'*' l,&*)to*ilo* 3i

/*(o'$lo* '/t " m,$&) "i$ #i*ml mi&i .

Di$ /,$&t " -"* &o$&/t,'l! "2-olt'*' *,*'l) /o't #i " m'i m,lt ti/,*i

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- dezvoltare locală! &,/*i$2$" &o$&/%iil lg't " "2-olt'*' ,$i '32)*i "'t 3i '

0m/*:,*imilo* 3i -i2$" &om,$it)%il lo&'l 6('t! &om,$7 K

- dezvoltare teritorială, &'* ( *#*) l' i$-(ti%ii m'*i! l' "2-olt'*'

i$#*'(t*,&t,*ilo* / /l'$ *gio$'l K

- dezvoltare rurală transfrontalieră, &*$",8( /*i$ lg)t,*i &o$omi&! (o&i'l 3i&,lt,*'l 0$t* &om,$it)%il " g*'$i%) 'l "i#*itlo* %)*i! (&o/,l (), #i$'l #ii$" "2-olt'*'

2o$lo* *(/&ti- K

- dezvoltare rurală paneuropeană, &'*'&t*i2't) /*i$ 'm/lo'*' #$om$,l,i l' $i-l

,*o/'$ 3i &o$ti$$t'l .

1.>.1 D2-olt'* *,*'l) ",*'il)

1.>.1 S,(t'i$'l *,*'l "-lo/m$tE4i(t) m,lt (it,'%ii 0$ &'* (t #olo(it t*m$,l " dezvoltare durabilă sau

sustenabilă. Co$&/t,l " "2-olt'* ",*'il) (', (,(t$'il) ' 0$&/,t () ( &o$t,*2 ",/)

&*'*' Comi(ii Mo$"i'l /$t*, M"i, 3i D2-olt'* 61@?7 3i ",/) Co$#*i$%' ONU

/*i-i$" M"i,l Î$&o$:,*)to* " l' Rio " '$i*o 61@@>7.

Î$ '2' R'/o*t,l,i B*,$"tl'$"! "2-olt'*' ",*'il) ( "#i$3t &' #ii$" '&'

"2-olt'* &'* 0$"/li$3t $&(it)%il /*2$t,l,i! #)*) ' &om/*omit /o(iilit)%il

g$*'%iilo* -iito'* 0$ '83i ('ti(#'& $&(it)%il. Cl t*i /*i$&i/ii ($%i'l 'l D&l'*'%ii "l' Rio '*'t) &)

8 /o/o'*l ', "*/t,l l' o -i'%) ()$)to'() 3i /*o",&ti-)! 0$ '*mo$i &, $'t,*' K

8 "2-olt'*' '&t,'l) $, t*,i () '#&t2 "2-olt'*' 3i $&(it)%il " m"i, 'l

g$*'%iilo* /*2$t 3i -iito'* K

8 $'%i,$il ', "*/t,l " '83i 4/lo't' /*o/*iil lo* *(,*(! "'* #)*) ' /*o-o&' "',$

m"i,l,i "i$&olo " #*o$ti*l lo*.

D2-olt'*' ",*'il) '* m'i m,lt '(/&t 8 "2-olt'* ",*'il) 0$ /l'$ &o$omi& K

8 "2-olt'* ",*'il) 0$ /l'$ &ologi& K

8 "2-olt'* ",*'il) 0$ /l'$ (o&i'l .

ezvoltarea durabilă în plan economic im/li&) 'g*i&,lt,*' &' 3i lm$t

"t*mi$'$t 'l "2-olt)*ii *,*'l 0$ m':o*it't' (/'%iilo* *,*'l. Î$ %)*il "2-olt't! 'g*i&,lt,*'

'* o /o$"* *",() 0$ PIB 3i 0$ #o*%' " m,$&) o&,/'t)! "'* '/o*t,l '&(ti' l' #o*m'*'

*,t) " &'/it'l #i4 (t (,/*io'*) &lo* "oi i$"i&'to*i.

ezvoltarea durabilă în plan ecologic P*ot&%i' m"i,l,i */*2i$t) lm$t,l "

'2) 'l "2-olt)*ii ",*'il 3i t*,i () #i 0$ &o$&o*"'$%) &, /*i$&i/iil ,$i 'g*i&,lt,*i

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17/116

",*'il 6*'$ Mit*'&9! >7. E(t #o'*t im/o*t'$t () ( *'li22 ,$ *'/o*t o/tim 0$t*

t9$ologi! /*o",&%ii o%i$,t 3i &ologi /*i$

8 ('ti(#'&*' &*i$%lo* 'lim$t'* 3i (o&i'l K

8 0m,$)t)%i*' &'lit)%ii m"i,l,i 0$&o$:,*)to* 3i ' '2i " *(,*( $'t,*'l K

8 #olo(i*' #i&i$t) ' *(,*(lo* limit't 3i ' &lo* $*g$*'il K8 0m,$)t)%i*' &'lit)%ii -i%ii .

Di*&%iil /*i$&i/'l " '&%i,$ /$t*, /*'&ti&'*' ,$i 'g*i&,lt,*i ",*'il (,$t

8 *ot'%i' &,lt,*ilo* K

8 *&i&l'*' *(t,*ilo* " &,lt,*i 3i ' g,$oi,l,i " g*':" K

8 #olo(i*' *(t*i&%io$'t) ' 0$g*)3)mi$tlo* &9imi&! ' /(ti&i"lo* K

8 4ti$"*' &,lt,*ilo* " /*ot&%i 3i 'mlio*'* ' (ol,l,i! i$&l,(i- lg,mi$o'(

#i4'to'* " '2ot 6(oi'! m'2)*! l,&*$)7 K8 &om't*' i$tg*'t) ' olilo* 3i "),$)to*ilo* .

E(t #o'*t im/o*t'$t &' '&ti-it't' &o$omi&) () #i '$'li2't) 3i "i$ /,$&t " -"* 'l

#&tlo* ('l 0$ /l'$ &ologi&.

ezvoltarea durabilă în plan social ' ,$i 2o$ "/i$" #o'*t m,lt " "2-olt'*'

&o$omi&) ' 2o$i *(/&ti-. Î$ %'*' $o'(t*)! "2-olt'*' &o$omi&) 3i (o&i'l) (

"i#*$%i'2) 0$t* *gi,$i 3i &om,$it)%i. D2-olt'*' *,*'l) ",*'il) ti$" (/* o

"2-olt'* i$"i-i",'l) 3i &om,$it'*)! 'l &)*i (&o/ 0l */*2i$t) &*3t*' $i-l,l,i "

"2-olt'* *,*'l). C*3t*' ,$)(t)*ii *,*'l ( *'li2'2) /*i$

8 (to/'*' mig*)*ii /o/,l'%ii " l' ('t l' o*'3 K

8 m)(,*i /$t*, &om't*' ()*)&ii K

8 (tim,l'*' 3i "i-*(i#i&'*' (*-i&iilo* K

8 '(ig,*'*' &o$"i%iilo* mi$im " -i'%) "&$t) /$t*, /o/,l'%i' *,*'l)! #'%) " &'

,*'$) K

8 '(ig,*'*' ,$i -i%i m'i ,$! "i$ /,$&t " -"* 'l ()$)t)%ii! ",&'%ii 3i /*ot&%ii

(o&i'l .

1.>.> P*i$&i/iil "2-olt)*ii *,*'l ",*'il

1.>.> T9 /*i$&i/l( o# (,(t'i$'l *,*'l "-lo/m$t

P*i$&i/iil "2-olt)*ii *,*'l ",*'il (,$t

8 *g$*'*' *(,*(lo* $'t,*'l 3i /)(t*'*' (to&,l,i lo* $'t,*'l l' ,$ $i-l '&&/t'il K

8 *",&*' /ol,)*ii l' ,$ $i-l mi$im " (ig,*'$%) K

8 *(/&t'*' limitlo* /$t*, &o$(*-'*' io"i-*(it)%ii K

8 -it'*' i*-*(iilit)%ii #&tlo* /*o&(lo* &o$omi& /*i$

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18/116

8 (t*'tgii o*i$t't (/* /*-$i*' *i(&,*ilo* K

8 o*i$t'*' "2-olt)*ii t9$ologi& /$t*, /*ot&%i' m"i,l,i K

8 o*i$t'*' (&9im)*ilo* i$(tit,%io$'l 3i ' "&i2iilo* &o$omi& /$t*, /*ot&%i'

m"i,l,i K

8 "i(t*i,%i' -$it,*ilo* 0$ mo" &9it'il .D,*'t' 0$"l,$g't) ' /*o&(,l,i " "2-olt'* ",*'il) (t g$*'t) " ,*m)to*ii

#'&to*i

8 &*3t*' /o/,l'%ii l,mii K

8 (&)"*' &o$(t'$t) ' *(,*(lo* glo'l K

8 li/(' ,$o* '&o*",*i i$t*$'%io$'l '(,/*' 4/lo't)*ii 4&(i- ' *(,*(lo* $'t,*'l K

8 4i(t$%' ,$,i "&'l': 0$ &'"*,l /*o&(lo* "i$ &o(i(tm K

8 4i(t$%' ,$o* '(/&t 'l *l'%ii m"i, 5 &o$omi K8 im/li&'*' #'&to*,l,i ,m'$ o'm$ilo* t*,i () li ( '(ig,* $&(it)%il " '2)

/$t*, ' #i i$t*('%i " "2-olt'*' ",*'il) K

8to't $'%i,$il t*,i () #i "i(/,( () &oo/*2 3i () &o$t*i,i #i$'$&i'* l' /*o&(,l

" "2-olt'* ",*'il) K

8 4i(t$%' 'lto* /*olm ti& .

D2-olt'*' ",*'il) */*2i$t) o *l'%i 0$t* ,*m)to'*l lm$t

- cultura "i$ &'* *2,lt) & #,$&%ii 'l (o&it)%ii 3i & (&9im)*i " &om/o*t'm$t

(,$t ($%i'l /$t*, '/li&'*' "2-olt)*ii ",*'il K

- structura t*,i () /*&i22 o*g'$i2'*' mo",l,i " *'li2'* ' "2-olt)*ii

",*'il K

- te'nologia t*,i () (t'il'(&) mi:lo'&l t9$ologi& /*i$ &'* ( /o't *'li2'

"2-olt'*' ",*'il).

A/li&'*' '&(to* /*i$&i/ii 0$ &'"*,l U$i,$ii E,*o/$ ' #)&,t oi&t,l Co$#*i$%i

E,*o/$ '(,/*' D2-olt)*ii R,*'l " l' Co*Q "i$ 8@ $oim*i 1@@. D&l'*'%i' " l' Co*Q

&,/*i$" "i*&%iil *&om'$"'t (t'tlo* "i$ UE! /$t*, im/lm$t'*' "2-olt)*ii ",*'il

8 0$ -ol,%i' (o&it)%ii! "2-olt'*' *,*'l) t*,i () o&,/ ,$ *ol /*io*it'*K

8 'o*"'*' i$tg*'t) ' '&ti-it)%ilo* /*i$ &'* ( '(ig,*) &'*'&t*,l m,lti"i(&i/li$'* 3i

'/li&'*' m,lti(&to*i'l) ' "2-olt)*ii ",*'il.

1.>. F'&to*ii "2-olt)*ii *,*'l ",*'il

1.>. T9 #'&to*( o# (,(t'i$'l *,*'l "-lo/m$t

P*(o'$l &'* (,$t im/li&'t 0$ /*o&(,l " "2-olt'* ",*'il) ( *g)((& l' $i-l,l

t,t,*o* (t*,&t,*ilo*

1?


19/116

8 #i&'* mm*, 'l &om,$it)%ii K

8 'l(,l &om,$it)%ii lo&'l 6/*im'*,l7 K

8 g,-*$,l K

8 /'*l'm$t,l K

8 (o&it't' &i-il) .P*i$&i/'l,l #'&to* *(/o$('il 0$ "2-olt'*' *,*'l) ",*'il) (t parlamentul! &'*

t*,i () mit) lgi (t'il /$t*, '(ig,*'*' ,$,i &'"*, i$(tit,%io$'l &o*(/,$2)to* &'* ()

(/*i:i$ &o$omi' *,*'l).

U$ 'lt #'&to* (t guvernul, 'tt l' $i-l $'%io$'l! &t 3i /*i$ */*2$t'$%ii lo&'li 3i

*gio$'li. P*og*'ml g,-*$'m$t'l t*,i () #i l'o*'t / t*m$ l,$g 3i () #i

#i$'li2't.

Al(,l &om,$it)%ii *,*'l 6primarul7 t*,i () */*2i$t i$t*(l mm*ilo* &om,$it)%ii 3i () '&%io$2 0$ (/i*it,l &om,$it)%ii. El (t /*(o'$' &'* '"mi$i(t*'2)

&om,$it't' *,*'l)! i'* (&o/,l #i$'l 'l '&(t,i' t*,i () &o$",&) l' "2-olt'*' &om,$it)%ii.

Com/o*t'm$t,l individului &o$t*i,i l' "#i$i*' &om,$it)%ii! l' -ol,%i'

i$"i-i",'l) 3i l' /*og*(,l &om,$it)%ii.

ocietatea civilă (t ,$ /'*t$* im/o*t'$t 3i '&ti- /$t*, l'o*'*' 3i

im/lm$t'*' /*og*'mlo* " "2-olt'* *,*'l). E' '* /o(iilit't' " ' ( o*g'$i2' 0$

#o*m m,lti/l #,$"'%ii! '(o&i'%ii &'* ', &' (&o/ /*i$&i/'l "2-olt'*' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l /*i$

"i#*it /*og*'m.

1.>.J Oi&ti-l "2-olt)*ii *,*'l ",*'il

1.>.J T9 o:&ti-( o# (,(t'i$'l *,*'l "-lo/m$t

Oi&ti-l "2-olt)*ii *,*'l ",*'il (,$t

8 &*3t*' /*o",&ti-it)%ii (&to*,l,i *,*'l! 0$ &'* 'g*i&,lt,*' */*2i$t) /*i$&i/'l,l

(&to* 0$ m':o*it't' (t'tlo* "i$ l,m' ' t*i' K8 '(ig,*'*' ,$i "i(t*i,%ii &9it'il ' -$it,*ilo* 3i &*3t*' lo&,*ilo* " m,$&) K

8 0m,$)t)%i*' i$#*'(t*,&t,*ii (o&i'l 8 &o$omi& ' *gi,$ilo* *,*'l K

8 (t'ili*' ,$,i &'"*, i$(tit,%io$'l /$t*, &om/t$%' /oliti&) 3i '"mi$i(t*'ti-)! &' 3i

/$t*, im/li&'*' lo&,ito*ilo* "i$ m"i,l *,*'l 0$ l,'*' "&i2iilo* .

A, #o(t t(t't t*i mto" " "2-olt'* *,*'l)

8 "2-olt'*' / 2o$ K

8 "lg'*' ',to*it)%ii " "&i2i 3i "(&$t*'li2'*' i*o&*'%ii K

8 /*i$&i/i,l ',to$omii .

1@


20/116

Î$ R'/o*t,l " l' Bogot' (8' (t'ilit li(t' &*it*iilo* & (*-(& l' "limit'*' 2o$lo*.

A&(t' (,$t

8 "im$(i,$' 2o$i K

8 #*o$ti*l $'t,*'l K

8 (i(tml " t*'$(/o*t K8 #'&to*ii (o&i'li 3i &,lt,*'li K

8 omog$i2'*' 3i &om/lm$t'*it't' #'&to*ilo* " /*o",&%i .

Î$ i,li 1@@ ' #o(t '"o/t't "o&,m$t,l $,mit Ag$"' >! &'* ' i$t*o",( "o,) $oi

/*i$&i/ii m,lti#,$&%io$'lit't' 'g*i&,lt,*ii 3i 'o*"'*' i$tg*'t) ' "2-olt)*ii *,*'l. D3i

'g*i&,lt,*' ' *)m'( (gm$t,l &o$omi& /*"omi$'$t! *ol,l (), 0$ &' & /*i-3t (,*(' "

-$it 3i " o&,/'* ' #o*%i " m,$&) ' (&)2,t /*og*(i-.

U$ #'&to* ($%i'l 'l "2-olt)*ii i$tg*'t 0l */*2i$t) *'li2'*' ,$o* /*og*'m&om/l4 " "2-olt'* *,*'l). A&(t' t*,i () -i22 ,*m)to'*l '(/&t

8 'm$':'*' t*ito*i,l,i K

8 l,&*)*i " 0m,$)t)%i*i #,$&i'* K

8 0m,$)t)%i*' i$#*'(t*,&t,*ii K

8 /,$*' 0$ -'lo'* ' /i(':,l,i K

8 &o$(*-'*' *(,*(lo* 3i /)(t*'*' &9ili*,l,i &ologi& .

1.>. D2-olt'*' *gio$'l) 0$ E,*o/'

1.>. Rgio$'l "-lo/m$t i$ E,*o/

Î$ 1@ %)*il &'* ', (m$'t T*'t't,l " l' Rom' ( *#*) 0$ /*'m,l,l '&(t,i' l'

$&(it't' " ;' &o$(oli"' ,$it't' &o$omiilo* lo* 3i " ' '(ig,*' "2-olt'*' lo* '*mo$io'()

/*i$ *",&*' "i#*$%lo* 4i(t$t 0$t* "i-*(l *gi,$i 3i ' "&'l':lo* &, &'* (

&o$#*,$t) *gi,$il m'i /,%i$ #'-o*i2't


21/116

Î$ 1@@> T*'t't,l " l' M''(t*i&9t /*i-i$" U$i,$' E,*o/'$) "(m$'2) &o2i,$'

&' #ii$"! 0m/*,$) &, ,$i,$' &o$omi&) 3i mo$t'*) 3i /i'%' ,$i&)! ,$,l "i$t* /*i$&i/'ll

oi&ti- 'l U$i,$ii. D '(m$' /*-" &*'*' Fo$",l,i " Co2i,$! /$t*, (/*i:i$i*'

/*oi&tlo* 0$ "om$i,l m"i,l,i 3i t*'$(/o*t,*ilo* 0$ (t'tl mm* &l m'i /,%i$ /*o(/*.

P$t*, /*io'"' 1@@J81@@@! Co$(ili,l E,*o/'$ " l' E"i$,*g9 "i$ "&m*i 1@@9ot)*)3t 'lo&'*' ' '/*o4im'ti- 1 mili'*" " ECU 6l' /*%,*il "i$ 1@@@7! '"i&) o t*im

"i$ ,gt,l &om,$it'*! /$t*, /oliti&' " &o2i,$. Î$ 1@@! T*'t't,l " l' Am(t*"'m

&o$#i*m) im/o*t'$%' &o2i,$ii.

Î$ m'*ti 1@@@! Co$(ili,l E,*o/'$ " l' B*li$ i$i%i'2) *#o*m' Fo$",*ilo*

St*,&t,*'l 3i ':,(t'2) #,$&%io$'*' Fo$",l,i " Co2i,$ /$t*, /*io'"' >8>. A&(t

Fo$",*i -o* /*imi /(t " mili'*" " E,*o / '$ 0$ /*io'"' >8>! '"i&) >1

mili'*" " E,*o 0$ "&,*( " '$i. I$(t*,m$t,l /$t*, Politi&i St*,&t,*'l " P*'"*'*6ISPA7 3i /*og*'m,l S/&i'l " A"*'* /$t*, Ag*i&,lt,*) 3i D2-olt'* R,*'l) 6SAPARD7

&om/lt'2) /*og*'m,l PHARE 0$ -"*' /*omo-)*ii "2-olt)*ii &o$omi& 3i (o&i'l '

%)*ilo* &'$"i"'t "i$ E,*o/' C$t*'l) 3i " E(t.

1.$ olitica gricolă Comunitară a /niunii 0uropene "C&

1.$ Communit gricultural olic in 0uropean /nion "C&Politi&' Ag*i&ol) Com,$) 6PAC7 ' #o(t &*'t) l' (#*3it,l '$ilo* 0$ &'"*,l

Comunităţii 0conomice 0uropene &' *)(/,$( l' /$,*i' 'lim$t'*) ' /o/,l'%ii "i$ -(t,l

E,*o/i ",/) &l "8'l "oil' *)2oi mo"i'l. C*'to*,l (), ' #o(t ol'$"2,l Si&&o M'$(9olt

&'* 3i /*o/,$ /*im' *#o*m) ' PAC l' (#*3it,l '$ilo* .

S&o/,l /*i$&i/'l 'l PAC 0l */*2$t' &*3t*' /*o",&ti-it)%ii 'g*i&ol /*i$

/*omo-'*' /*og*(,l,i t9$i&! "2-olt'*' /*o",&%ii 'g*i&ol 3i ,tili2'*' o/tim) ' #'&to*ilo*

" /*o",&%i 60$ /*i$&i/'l ' #o*%i " m,$&)7! 0$ -"*' '(ig,*)*ii ,$,i $i-l " t*'i &9it'il /o/,l'%ii 'g*i&ol! (t'ili2'*' /i%lo* 3i g'*'$t'*' (&,*it)%ii 0$ '/*o-i2io$'* l' /*%,*i

*2o$'il /$t*, &o$(,m'to*i.

M'i t*2i,! "'to*it) *#o*mlo* "i$ '$ii 3i @ moti-'t " mo"i#i&)*il (,*-$it 0$

'g*i&,lt,*) 0$ &'"*,l Com,$it)%ii 3i l' $i-l mo$"i'l! ', '/)*,t 3i 'lt oi&ti- /*&,m

0m,$)t)%i*' &om/ti-it)%ii /*o",(lo* 'g*i&ol &om,$it'* /*i$ *",&*' /*%,*ilo*!

g'*'$t'*' (ig,*'$%i 'lim$t'* 3i &'lit)%ii 'lim$tlo* /$t*, &o$(,m'to*i /*i$ 0m,$)t)%i*'

/*o&()*ii 3i m'*Qti$g,l,i /*o",(lo* 'g*i&ol 3i i$t*o",&*' 0$ PAC ' ,$i /oliti&i&om/l4 " "2-olt'* *,*'l) 0$ -"*' '(ig,*)*ii ,$o* -$it,*i (t'il 3i ' ,$,i (t'$"'*" "

>1


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-i'%) &9it'il /$t*, 'g*i&,lto*i! /*&,m 3i /$t*, &*'*' ,$o* o/o*t,$it)%i 3i 'lt*$'ti- "

'$g':'* /$t*, #*mi*i 3i #'miliil '&(to*'.

F,$&%io$'*' PAC ( '2'2) / ,*m)to'*l &'*'&t*i(ti&i

8 'g*i&,lt,*' (t ,$ "om$i, im/o*t'$t 'l &o$omii $'%io$'l K

8 lm$t,l " '2) 'l *gl)*ii /i%i 'gi&ol (t /*%,l K8 lg)t,*) (t*$() 0$t* /oliti&' " /i'%) 3i (t*,&t,*' 'g*'*)K

8 $&(it't' i$tg*)*ii &o$omii 'g*'* 0$ &o$omi' $'%io$'l) K

8 &*3t*' /,t*ii &o$omi& ' go(/o")*iilo* #'mili'l .

P*i$&i/iil #,$"'m$t'l 'l PAC (,$t

8 ,$i&it't' /i%i K

8 /*#*i$%' &om,$it'*) K

8 (oli"'*it't' #i$'$&i'*) .P$t*, #i$'$%'*' PAC! 0$ 1@>! Co$(ili,l ' i$(tit,it *ondul 0uropean de 2rientare

şi 3aranţii gricole "*023&. A&(t' '* "o,) (&%i,$i

8 (&%i,$' ORIENTARE /$t*, mo"*$i2'*' 'g*i&,lt,*ii! 0$"/li$i*' oi&ti-lo*

(o&i'l 3i "2-olt'*' 2o$lo* *,*'l K

8 (&%i,$' GARAN=II "(ti$'t) /,$*ii 0$ /*'&ti&) ' /*i$&i/iilo* #,$"'m$t'l 'l

PAC .

FEOGA (t &' m'i m'* &om/o$$t) ' ,gt,l,i &om,$it'* 3i '* o /o$"* "

/(t "i$ tot'l,l ,gt,l,i &om,$it'*.

Comi(i' E,*,/'$) ' l'o*'t ,$ mmo*'$",m! &,$o(&,t &' Pl'$,l M'$(9olt. A&(t'

/*o/,$' ,$ /*oi&t / t*m$ l,$g! 'l &)*,i oi&ti- /*i$&i/'l &*'*' ,$o* ,$it)%i 'gi&ol

mo"*$. R#o*ml /*o/,( " &omi('*,l /$t*, 'g*i&,lt,*) M'$(9olt ', #o(t

8 *#o*m l' $i-l,l (t*,&t,*ilo* 'g*i&ol K

8 *#o*m l' $i-l,l /i%lo* 'g*i&ol .

R#o*ml l' $i-l,l (t*,&t,*ilo* 'g*i&ol ,*m)*',

8 *",&*' /*(o'$lo* o&,/'t 0$ 'g*i&,lt,*) K

8 &*'*' " $oi lo&,*i " m,$&) K

8 #o*m'*' /*o#(io$'l) ' ti$*ilo* 'g*i&,lto*i K

R#o*ml l' $i-l,l /i%lo* 'g*i&ol ,*m)*',

8 'mlio*'*' #,$&%io$)*ii /i%lo* K

8 &o$&$t*'*' o#*ti 'g*i&ol K

8 *",&*' (,/*'#%lo* &,lti-'t .

>>


23/116

Pl'$,l M'$(9olt ' #o(t /*imit &, *2*-! 0$ (/&i'l "'to*it) /*o/,$*ilo* " (&o't*

"i$ &,lt,*) ' milio'$ " 9&t'* 0$ /*io'"' 1@81@?. Tot,3i! 0$ 1@>! ' #o(t '"o/t't ,$

/'&9t lgi(l'ti- #o*m't "i$ "i*&ti- (o&io8(t*,&t,*'l

8 1@1@> 5 /*i-i$" mo"*$i2'*' 4/lo't'%iilo* 'g*i&ol K

8 11@> 5 /*i-i$" 0$&,*':'*' /$(io$)*ilo* K8 111@> 5 /*i-i$" /*g)ti*' /*o#(io$'l) ' l,&*)to*ilo* "i$ 'g*i&,lt,*) .

A&(t "i*&ti- $, ', '-,t &'*'&t* olig'to*i, /$t*, (t'tl mm*! "'* "'&)

'&(t' l,', m)(,*i 0$ &o$-*g$%) &, "i*&ti-l! $#i&i', " '$,mit (,m "i$ ,gt,l

&om,$it'*. Rglm$t'*' /oliti&ilo* (t*,&t,*'l! o#i&i'li2't " Co$(ili,l E,*o/i /*i$

Rg,l'm$t,l CEE >@1@! ', #o(t 0$ -igo'* /$) l' *#o*m' Fo$",*ilo* St*,&t,*'l "i$

1@??.

P l$g) "i*&ti-l m$%io$'t m'i (,(! %)*il UE ', l,'t 3i 'lt m)(,*i 8 &om/$('%ii /$t*, *gi,$il "#'-o*i2't $'t,*'l 61@7K

8 (/*i:i$ 0$ &om*&i'li2'*' /*o",(lo* 'g*i&ol 61@7K

8 ':,to'* '&o*"'t g*,/,*ilo* " /*o",&)to*i 61@?7.

D'&) /$) 0$ 1@? /oliti&' (t*,&t,*'l) ' '-,t o -ol,%i l$t)! &*i2' PAC ' olig't l'

*-i2,i*' m)(,*ilo* (t*,&t,*'l! '&&$t,l /,$$",8( / &*3t*' &om/ti-it)%ii 'g*i&,lt,*ii

,*o/$! /*ot&%i' m"i,l,i 3i "2-olt'*' *gi,$ilo* "#'-o*i2't.

R#o*m' Fo$",*ilo* St*,&t,*'l ' '-,t lo& 0$ 1@??! ",/) & 0$ 1@? Fo$",*il

St*,&t,*'l ', #o(t *,$it /*i$ A&t,l U$i&. Î$ 'g*i&,lt,*)! i$t*-$%iil (t*,&t,*'l ', '-,t 0$

-"* ':,to*'*' 2o$lo* "#'-o*i2't! &*3t*' &o#i$'$%)*ii &om,$it'* /$t*, m)(,*il

'&o/*it " oi&ti-,l 1! '&o*"'*' /*imlo* " i$(t'l'* /$t*, ti$*ii 'g*i&,lto*i! m)(,*i "

/*ot&%i' m"i,l,i 3i "i-*(i#i&'*' '&ti-it)%ilo* 0$ 4/lo't'%iil 'g*i&ol .

A&%i,$il 0$t*/*i$( /*i$ /oliti&' 'g*i&ol) ' UE ', -i2't ,*m)to'*l '(/&t

8 g'*'$t'*' /*%,*ilo* lg't " /*o",&%i! #'&ilit$" &*3t*' /*o",&%ii 'g*i&ol K

8 &*3t*' (to&,*ilo* " i$t*-$%i 3i limit'*' '&%i,$ilo* *'l ' /i%lo*! #'/t &'* '

",( l' o "imi$,'* ' ,gt,l,i &om,$it'* K

8 i$t$(i#i&'*' /ol,)*ii m"i,l,i 0$&o$:,*)to* /*i$ (,(%i$*' (i(tmlo* i$t$(i- "

/*o",&%i K

8 */'*ti2'*' $&9ili*'t) ' (,-$%io$)*ii! " &'* ' $#i&i't ,$ $,m)* #o'*t mi&

" 4/lo't'to*i 'g*i&oli .

Ci*&' o :,m)t't "i$ ,gt,l &om,$it'* ' #o(t "i*&%io$'t (/* 'g*i&,lt,*)! 0$ &'*

l,&*'2) &i*&' "i$ /o/,l'%i! &o$t*i,i$" &, m'i /,%i$ " "i$ PIB.

N&(it't' *#o*mi PAC "&,*g "i$ 4&"$tl 5 l' &'* PAC ' &o$t*i,it /*i$

(i(tm,l /*%,*ilo* g'*'$t't! &o(t,l ,gt'* 4&(i- 5 "'to*'t (,/*'/*o",&%ii! (&)"*'

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24/116

-$it,*ilo* 'g*i&,lto*ilo*! '&&$t,'*' "&'l':lo* 5 /*i$ &o$&$t*'*' /*o",&%ii 0$ '($%'

,$i /oliti&i (t*,&t,*'l #i&'&! /*(i,$il 4t*$ 5 "t*mi$'$t /*i$ $go&i*il R,$"i

U*,g,'+.

Î$ 1@@> ( '"o/t) *#o*m' PAC! i'* /*i$ m)(,*il " *#o*m) /*omo-'t /*i$ Ag$"'

> ( &*'2) ,$ &'"*, $o, 'l /oliti&ii (t*,&t,*'l. Î$&) "i$ 1@?! Comi(i' CE /*2i$t) ,$mmo*'$",m '(,/*' 'g*i&,lt,*ii i$tit,l't li're 'ert ! 0$ &'* (oli&it) o *#o*m) /*o#,$") ' PAC!

&' 3i /*omo-'*' ,$i 'g*i&,lt,*i (t*$( &o*l't &, /*ot&%i' m"i,l,i. Î$ 1@?J ' #o(t i$t*o",(

(i(tm,l limit)*ii &'$tit)%ilo* g'*'$t't! #'/t & ' ",t't &, i$t*o",&*' &otlo* /$t*,

/*o",&%i' " l'/t.

A$,l 1@?@ ' '",( 0$g9%'*' -ol,$t'*) ' t*$,*ilo*. Ag*i&,lto*ii &'* *', " '&o*" ()

l'( t*$,l $&,lti-'t (', ()8l #olo('(&) /$t*, 'lt (&o/,*i "&t &l 'g*i&ol /*im', o

/*im) '$,'l).Î$ 1@@> (8' '"o/t't *#o*m' #,$"'m$t'l) ' PAC! "$,mit) *#o*m' M'& S9'**+! ",/)

$,ml i$i%i'to*,l,i! '-$" 0$ -"* ,*m)to'*l oi&ti-

8 &9ili*'*' /i%lo* 'g*i&ol 3i ':,(t'*' o#*ti l' &** K

8 &*3t*' &om/ti-it)%ii 'g*i&,lt,*ii K

8 /*ot&%i' m"i,l,i K

8 (,(%i$*' -$it,*ilo* 'g*i&ol 0$ mo" "i*&t K

8 *"i(t*i,i*' (,-$%iilo* /*i$ 0$&,*':'*' /*o",&)to*ilo* mi&i K

8 m$%i$*' ,$,i $,m)* (,#i&i$t " /*o",&)to*i .

Oi&ti-,l /*i$&i/'l 'l m)(,*ii ' #o(t *",&*' /*%,*ilo* g'*'$t't 0$ (&o/,l &o*l)*ii

lo* &, /*%,*il mo$"i'l. R",&*il " /*% ', #o(t &om/$('t /*i$t*8,$ (i(tm " (,-$%ii

"i*&t /$t*, ' $, '#&t' -$it,*il 'g*i&,lto*ilo*. P$t*, /*im' "'t)! *#o*m' M'& S9'**+ '

i$t*o",( olig'ti-it't' (&o't*ii ,$o* (/*'#% "i$ &,lt,*' 'g*i&ol).

R2,lt'tl &o$&*t o%i$,t /*i$ '/li&'*' *#o*mi M'& S9'**+ (,$t

8 *",&*' /*%,*ilo* 3i "imi$,'*' (to&,*ilo* K

8 'mlio*'*' -$it,*ilo* 'g*i&,lto*ilo* K

8 *(/&t'*' /l'#o'$lo* FEOGA K

8(&)"*' /*o&$t,l,i &9lt,ililo* 'g*i&ol 0$ ,gt,l &om,$it'* .

O 'lt) *#o*m) ' PAC ' Comi(ii E,*o/$ "i$ i,li 1@@ este Agenda 2000 – pentru

o Uniune mai puternică şi mai largă. Do&,m$t,l '/*o't 0$ 1@@@ l' B*li$ ' '-,t 0$ -"*

$o,' o*i$t'* ' PAC! &, ,*m)to'*l oi&ti-

8 0m,$)t)%i*' &'/'&it)%ii &o$&,*$%i'l /*i$ '/li&'*' ,$o* /*%,*i m'i *",( K

8 g'*'$t'*' (ig,*'$%i 3i &'lit)%ii 'lim$tlo* /$t*, &o$(,m'to*i K

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8 '(ig,*'*' ,$o* -$it,*i (t'il 3i ' ,$,i $i-l " t*'i ('ti(#)&)to* /$t*, &om,$it't'

'g*i&ol) K

8 l'o*'*' ,$o* m)(,*i " /*o",&%i &ologi&) &'* () %i$) &o$t " t*'t'*'

&o*(/,$2)to'* ' '$im'llo* K

8 i$tg*'*' oi&ti-lo* &ologi& 0$ i$(t*,m$tl ('l (t*'tgi& K8 *'li2'*' ,$o* -$it,*i 'lt*$'ti- 3i lo&,*i " m,$&) /$t*, 'g*i&,lto*i .

Î$ '$,l 1@?! A&t,l U$i& ,*o/'$ ' *,$it #o$",*il (t*,&t,*'l 0$ :,*,l ,$,i oi&ti-

&om,$ &o2i,$' &o$omi&) 3i (o&i'l). Di$ 1@?@ UE ' moili2't Fo$",*il St*,&t,*'l 0$t*8o

$o,) "i*&%i"2-olt'* *,*'l)! *",&*' 4&"$tlo* 3i ' &o(t,*ilo* ,gt'*! &' 3i &*3t*'

#o$",*ilo* (o&io8(t*,&t,*'l 0$ '2' m)(,*ilo* $,mit /'&9t,l Dlo*( I.

P*i$&i/'ll m)(,*i 'l /'&9t,l,i Dlo*( I ', -i2't ,*m)to'*l "i*&%ii

8 0$&,*':'*' i$-(ti%iilo* /$t*, &*3t*' &om/ti-it)%ii 4/lo't'%iilo* 'g*i&ol K8 0$&,*':'*' i$(t'l)*ii ti$*ilo* #*mi*i K

8 i$t*o",&*' ,$o* /*og*'m " /$(io$'* '$ti&i/'t) K

8 ':,to*'*' 'g*i&,lt,*ii "i$ 2o$l "#'-o*i2't K

8 *",&*' /*o",&%iilo* 4&"$t'* K

8 'mlio*'*' t*'$(#o*m)*ii 3i &om*&i'li2)*ii /*o",(lo* 'g*i&ol 3i (il-i& K

8 t*&*' ,$o* t*$,*i '*'il l' &'tgo*ii " #olo(i$%) $'g*i&ol K

8 /*ot&%i' m"i,l,i 0$&o$:,*)to* .

P*og*'ml " "2-olt'* *,*'l) " l' (#*3t,l '$ilo* ? ', #o(t /*&,*(o'*l *#o*mi

*'"i&'l ' PAC "i$ 1@@>! /*i$ t*'t't,l " l' M''(t*i&9t &'* ' */*2$t't ,$ /'( 0$'i$t! i'*

*2,lt't,l ' #o(t 0$#ii$%'*' Fo$",l,i " Co2i,$.

P$t*, /*io'"' 1@@J81@@@ (,m' */'*ti2't) ' #o(t " >1!?8 mili'*" ECU! '"i&)

! "i$ ,gt,l UE. R(,*(l #i$'$&i'* ', #o(t "i*i:'t / oi&ti-

2biectivul 1 4 D2-olt'*' 3i ':,(t'*' (t*,&t,*'l) ' *gi,$ilo* *)m'( 0$ ,*m) 6/*i$

FEDR! FSE 3i FEOGA8O7 K

2biectivul + 4 R&o$-*(i' *gi,$ilo* g*'- '#&t't " "&li$,l i$",(t*i'l 6/*i$ FEDR

3i FSE7 K

2biectivul $ 4 Com't*' 3om':,l,i / t*m$ l,$g K

2biectivul 5 4 A"'/t'*' 'g*i&,lto*ilo* l' -ol,%iil (i(tmlo* " /*o",&%i 3i

i$tg*'*' /*o#(io$'l) ' ti$*ilo* 6/*i$ FSE7 K

2biectivul 6 4 F'&ilit'*' "2-olt)*ii 2o$lo* 'g*i&ol K

2biectivul 6a 4 A:,(t'*' (t*,&t,*ilo* 'g*i&ol! 0$ &'"*,l *#o*mi PAC 6/*i$ FEOGA8

O7 K

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26/116

2biectivul 6b 4 D2-olt'*' 3i ':,(t'*' (t*,&t,*'l) ' 2o$lo* *,*'l 6/*i$ FEDER!

FSE7 K

2biectivul 7 4 S/*i:i$i*' 3i ':,(t'*' ,$o* *gi,$i &, o "$(it't ' /o/,l'%ii #o'*t

(&)2,t) 6S,"i'! Fi$l'$"'7 .

M)(,*il " /oliti&) *gio$'l) 3i (t*,&t,*'l) "i$ /*io'"' 1@?@81@@ ', #o(t &om/lt't&, m)(,*i $oi &,/*i$( 0$ /'&9t,l Dlo*( II! '"o/t't 0$ 1@@. Co$#o*m /'&9t,l,i Dlo*( II!

/*i$&i/iil " '2) 'l /oliti&ii *gio$'l 3i (t*,&t,*'l (,$t &o$&$t*'*'! /'*t$*i't,l!

/*og*'m'*'! '"i%io$'lit't'! #i&'&it't'! (,(i"i'*it't' 3i "(&$t*'li2'*' .

P'&9t,l DELORS II &*'2) ,$ $o, #o$" 5 IFOP! &' i$(t*,m$t #i$'$&i'* " o*i$t'*

' /(&,it,l,i. Î$t* 1@@J 3i 1@@@! " m)(,*il " /oliti&) *gio$'l) ', $#i&i't o /'*t "i$

%)*il UE 0$ &'"*,l Oi&ti-lo* 1! >! 3i ! i'* 0$ &'"*,l Oi&ti-lo* ! J 3i ' ', $#i&i't

to't *gi,$il 0$ '2' m)(,*ilo* o*i2o$t'l.Oi&ti-,l -i2'2) %)*il &'* $, (,$t '&o/*it 0$ tot'lit't " Oi&ti-,l 1 Blgi'!

Ol'$"'! L,4m,*g! G*m'$i'! F*'$%'! It'li'! D'$m'*&'! M'*' B*it'$i 3i S/'$i'. Î$t*

1@??81@@>! '&%i,$il &,/*i$( 0$ Oi&ti-,l ', #o(t '/li&'t 0$ " 2o$! '&o/*i$" 1

"i$ (,/*'#'%' UE 3i "i$ /o/,l'%i. P*i$&i/'ll "om$ii " i$t*( /$t*, &'* ( '&o*")

#i$'$%'* (,$t 0m,$)t)%i*i #,$&i'*! t,*i(m! i*ig'%ii! &om'('*' t*$,*ilo*! /*omo-'*'

/*o",(lo* lo&'l! /*-$i*' &'t'(t*o#lo* $'t,*'l 3i "2-olt'*' ('tlo* .

Î$t* 1@@J 3i 1@@@ #i$'$%'*' '&%i,$ilo* *,*'l (8' #)&,t /*i$ Fo$",*il St*,&t,*'l

6FSE! FEDR! FEOGA8O7! "om$iil -i2't #ii$"

8 'mlio*'*' 3i *&o$-*(i' 'g*i&,lt,*ii! "2-olt'*' i$#*'(t*,&t,*ii *,*'l! m)(,*i "

/*ot&%i' m"i,l,i 6 "i$ #o$",*i7 K

8 "2-olt'*' IMM 6>J "i$ #o$",*i7 K

8 *(,*(l ,m'$ 61? "i$ #o$",*i7 K

8 &o$(*-'*' 3i -'lo*i#i&'*' /'t*imo$i,l,i 61> "i$ #o$",*i7 K

8 "2-olt'*' t,*i(m,l,i 61 "i$ #o$",*i7 .

Î$t* 1@?@ 3i 1@@ ', #o(t 'lo&'t !? mili'*" ECU /$t*, ,*m)to'*l i$i%i'ti-

&om,$it'*

- 8aloren /$t*, $*gii $&o$-$%io$'l K

- 0nvireg /$t*, m"i, K

- Interreg /$t*, &oo/*'* t*'$(#*o$t'li*) K

- Regis /$t*, *gi,$i ,lt*'/*i#*i& K

- tride /$t*, &*&t'*8"2-olt'* 0$ *gi,$il *)m'( 0$ ,*m) K

- 9eader /$t*, "2-olt'* *,*'l) .

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27/116

P$) 0$ 1@@@ ', #,$&%io$'t "o,) /*og*'m &om,$it'* 900R I 3i 900R II.

900R I '-' &' (&o/ (/*i:i$i*' i$i%i'ti-lo* lo&'l /$t*, /*oi&tl " "2-olt'* *,*'l)!

o#*i$" /(t J milio'$ ECU 0$t* 1@@181@@. 900R II ' &o$t*i,it &, &i*&' 1J "

milio'$ ECU 0$t* 1@@J81@@@. P*i$&i/'ll oi&ti- 'l /*og*'mlo* LEADER (,$t

8 (/*i:i$i*' i$o-'%iilo* 0$ (/'%i,l *,*'l K8 '&&l*'*' (&9im,*ilo* " 4/*i$%) 3i t*'$(#*,l " ;Q$o89o< /*i$ i$t*m"i,l

,$i *%l ,*o/$ " "2-olt'* *,*'l) K

8 (/*i:i$i*' /*oi&tlo* " &oo/*'* t*'$(#*o$t'li*) *'li2't " o*g'$l lo&'l "i$

2o$l *,*'l 6&,/*i$( 0$ Oi&ti-,l ' 3i 7 3i "i$ 2o$l &'* ', o "$(it't ' /o/,l'%ii

(&)2,t) 6Oi&ti-,l 7 K

8 'mlio*'*' /*olmlo* 2o$lo* *,*'l! m'i 'l( &l lg't " *(,*( ,m'$.

1.5 olitica de dezvoltare regională a /niunii 0uropene

1.5 0uropean /nion:s regional development polic

Politi&' *gio$'l) ' U$i,$ii E,*o/$ ( '2'2) / (oli"'*it't #i$'$&i'*)! "o'*& o

/'*t ' &o$t*i,%iilo* St'tlo* Mm* l' ,gt,l &om,$it'* (t "i*&%io$'t) (/* *gi,$il 3i

g*,/,*il (o&i'l m'i /,%i$ /*o(/*. P$t*, /*io'"' >8> ! '&(t t*'$(#*,*i */*2i$t)

o t*im "i$ ,gt,l &om,$it'* (', >1 mili'*" " E,*o 8 1@ mili'*" E,*o -o* #i &9lt,i%i /*i$ &l J Fo$",*i St*,&t,*'l 6Fo$",l E,*o/'$

" D2-olt'* Rgio$'l)! Fo$",l So&i'l E,*o/'$! I$(t*,m$t,l Fi$'$&i'* " O*i$t'* '

P(&,it,l,i 3i S&%i,$' O*i$t'* ' Fo$",l,i E,*o/'$ " O*i$t'* 3i G'*'$t'* Ag*i&ol)7 K

8 1? mili'*" E,*o -o* #i &9lt,i%i /*i$ Fo$",l " Co2i,$ .

Fo$",*il St*,&t,*'l ( &o$&$t*'2) '(,/*' ,$o* /*io*it)%i &l' "#i$it! ",/) &,m

,*m'2)

8 "i$ #i$'$%'* ( 0$"*'/t) (/* *gi,$il ' &)*o* "2-olt'* (t 0$t*2i't) . Î$'&(t' lo&,i3t >> "i$ /o/,l'%i' U$i,$ii 6Oi&ti-,l 17K

8 11! "i$ #i$'$%'* (/*i:i$) &o$-*(i' &o$omi&) 3i (o&i'l) 0$ 2o$ &'* ( &o$#*,$t)

&, "i#i&,lt)%i (t*,&t,*'l. 1? "i$ /o/,l'%i' U$i,$ii t*)i3t 0$ '(t#l " 2o$ 6Oi&ti-,l >7 K

8 1>! "i$ #i$'$%'* ,*m)*3t mo"*$i2'*' (i(tmlo* " #o*m'* /*o#(io$'l) 3i

&*'*' " lo&,*i " m,$&) 6Oi&ti-,l 7! 0$ '#'*' *gi,$ilo* '&o/*it " Oi&ti-,l 1.

Î$ /l,( 4i(t) /'t*, I$i%i'ti- Com,$it'*! &'* */*2i$t) ! "i$ Fo$",*il

St*,&t,*'l. S '&o*") #i$'$%'* /$t*, ,*m)to'*l "om$ii

8 &oo/*'* t*'$(#*o$t'li*)! t*'$($'%io$'l) 3i i$t**gio$'l) 6Interreg III7K

8 "2-olt'*' ",*'il) ' o*'3lo* 3i 2o$lo* ,*'$ '#l't 0$ "&li$ 6/rban II7 K

>


28/116

8 "2-olt'*' *,*'l) /*i$ i$i%i'ti- lo&'l 69eader ;7K

8 &om't*' i$g'lit)%ilo* 3i "i(&*imi$)*ii 0$ & /*i-3t '&&(,l l' /i'%' #o*%i "

m,$&) 607. A&(t'

/*2i$t) /*olm (/&i#i&

8 (&to'* i$",(t*i'l (', " (*-i&ii (,/,( *(t*,&t,*)*ii K

8 "i(/'*i%i' '&ti-it)%ilo* t*'"i%io$'l 0$ 2o$l *,*'l K

8 2o$ ,*'$ '#l't 0$ "&li$ K

8 "i#i&,lt)%i 0$ (&to*,l /(&,it,l,i .

8 toate regiunile din pania, 3recia, Irlanda şi ortugalia .

Zo$l &, "2'-'$t': (/&i#i& (,$t

8 zonele de graniţă "Interreg III & =

8 zonele urbane în declin "/rban II& =

8 zonele rurale "*023 > ecţiunea 3aranţie şi 9eader ;& =

8 zonele de pescuit "I*2& .

>?


29/116

G*,/,*il -,l$*'il "i$ (o&it't (,$t

8 persoanele care înt?mpină dificultăţi pe piaţa muncii "2biectiv $& =

8 persoane supuse discriminării şi inegalităţilor pe piaţa muncii .

A,to*it)%il lo&'l 3i *gio$'l

- cooperare transnaţională şi inter-regională "Interreg III @ şi C&

*ondurile tructurale

1. *ondul 0uropean de ezvoltare Regională "*0R& '* *ol,l " ' (/*i:i$i *gi,$il '#l't

0$ ,*m) "i$ /,$&t " -"* 'l "2-olt)*ii! &*'*' " $oi lo&,*i " m,$&)! mo"*$i2'*'

i$#*'(t*,&t,*ii. S/*i:i$) i$-(ti%iil "i$ ()$)t't 3i 0$-)%)m$t. A #o(t &*'t 0$ 1@.

+. *ondul ocial 0uropean "*0&, &*'t 0$ '$,l 1@! (/*i:i$) "2-olt'*' &'/it'l,l,i ,m'$

3i 'mlio*'*' #,$&%io$)*ii /i%i #o*%i " m,$&). Co$t*i,i l' *",&*' 3om':,l,i.

$. *ondul 0uropean de 2rientare şi 3arantare a griculturii "*023& (t &om/,( "i$

> (&%i,$i

- ecţiunea 2rientare (/*i:i$) mo"*$i2'*' (/'%i,l,i *,*'l 6LEADER7 3i

"2-olt'*' 'g*i&,lt,*ii K

- ecţiunea 3aranţii #i$'$%'2) PAC 3i m)(,*il &om/lm$t'* 'l '&(ti'.

5. Instrumentul *inanciar de 2rientare a escuitului "I*2&, &*'t 0$ '$,l 1@@! (t

#olo(it /$t*, mo"*$i2'*' /(&,it,l,i.

!abel 1.+

Repartizarea fondurilor I*2 "preţurile sunt în milioane 0uro, nivel 1###&

istribution of I*2 funds "prices are given in million euros, level 1###&

AărileBilioane0/R2

Blgi' JD'$m'*&' 1@G*m'$i' 1

G*&i' S/'$i' >F*'$%' >>I*l'$"' It'li' @

L,4m,*g Ol'$"' 1A,(t*i' J

Po*t,g'li' Fi$l'$"' 1S,"i'

M'*' B*it'$i 1>1/0-6 1.17

>@


30/116

6. *ondul de Coeziune

A* &' (&o/ ':,to*'*' %)*ilo* m'i ()*'& "i$ U$i,$' E,*o/'$) G*&i'! S/'$i'!

I*l'$"'! Po*t,g'li'! 'l &)*o* PIB&'/ " lo&,ito* m'i mi& " @ "i$ m"i' &om,$it'*).

S '2'2) / /*i$&i/i,l (oli"'*it)%ii &o$omi& 3i (o&i'l. A #o(t &*'t 0$ 1@@>.

S/*i:i$) /*oi&t " /*ot&%i' m"i,l,i! " &om,$i&'%ii 3i " i$#*'(t*,&t,*).!abel 1.$

locări din *ondurile tructurale pe obiective şi ţări "milioane 0/R2, 1###&

!'e allocation of tructural *unds in terms of obDectives and countries

"million euros, 1###&

Aările 2b. 1

sistenţăde

tranziţie

în baza2b. 1

2b. +

sistenţăde tranziţie

în baza

fostelor2b.+ şi 6b

2b. $ !otal

Blgi' > ? 1.@D'$m'*&' 1 > J?G*m'$i' 1@.>>@ >@ >.@?J > J.?1 >?.J@

G*&i' >.@1 >.@1S/'$i' .JJ > >. @? >.1J J>.??F*'$%' .>J 1 .J 1 J.J 1J.@I*l'$"' 1.1 1. .??It'li' >1.@ 1? >.1J .JJ >?.??

L,4m,*g J ? ?

Ol'$"' 1> 11@ 1.? >.JA,(t*i' >1 ? 1> >? 1.J@

Po*t,g'li' 1.1>J >.@ 1@.>@Fi$l'$"' @1 J@ J 1.?S,"i' >> J > > 1.?J?M'*'

B*it'$i.? 1.1 .@?@ J.? 1.1J

/0-16 1+E.65$ %.511 1#.E$$ +.E+1 +5.6 1%+.56%

!abel 1.5

locări de la *ondurile tructurale pe Iniţiative Comunitare şi ţări"preţurile sunt în milioane 0/R2, nivel 1###&

!'e allocation of tructural *unds depending on communit initiatives and countries

"prices are given in million euros, level 1###&

AărileInterreg

III/rban

II Equal 9eader; !otal

Blgi' 1J > 1 >@D'$m'*&' J >? 1 ?G*m'$i' 1J J?J >J 1.?

G*&i' ? >J @? 1> ?>S/'$i' @ 1 J? J 1.@?F*'$%' @ @ 1 >> 1.J


31/116

I*l'$"' ?J > J 1It'li' J> 1? 1 > 1.1>

L,4m,*g J > 1Ol'$"' J@ >? 1@ ? 1A,(t*i' 1? ? @ 1 ?

Po*t,g'li' @J 1? 1 1> 1

Fi$l'$"' 1>@ ? > >JS,"i' 1J ?1 ? >?M'*'

B*it'$i> 11 1 @1

/0-16 5.%E6 E +.%5E +.+ 1.55+

sistenţa specială pentru ţările candidate (t '(ig,*'t) /*i$ t*i i$(t*,m$t

&om,$it'* &'* '&o*") '(i(t$%) #i$'$&i'*) &lo* 1 %)*i "i$ E,*o/' C$t*'l) 3i "

E(t

- programul FR0 ' "m'*'t 0$ 1@?@ . A* (&o/,l " ' 0m,$)t)%i i$(tit,%iil!'"mi$i(t*'%iil 3i o*g'$i(ml /,li& K

- programul R (/*i:i$) #o*t,*il %)*ilo* &'$"i"'t " '"*'* l' Politi&'

Com,$) ' U$i,$ii K

- programul I ,*m)*3t '&'3i li$i &' 3i Fo$",l " Co2i,$! #i$'$%'2)

/*oi&t 0$ "om$i,l /*ot&%ii m"i,l,i 3i t*'$(/o*t,*ilo* .

A(i(t$%' " /*'"*'* /$t*, /*io'"' >8> ( *i"i&) l' >1.?J milio'$ E,*o!

*/'*ti2't / /*og*'m! '(t#l 0$8 PHARE 1.@> milio'$ E,*o K

8 SAPARD .J milio'$ E,*o K

8 ISPA .>? milio'$ E,*o .

!abel 1.6locările fondurilor de preaderare "milioane 0/R2, 1###&

!'e allocation of pre-Doinin funds "mil. euros, 1###&

Aările FR0 Iminim ISPAmaGim

R

B,lg'*i' 1 ?.> 1>J.? >.1C9i' @ .> ?.> >>.1

E(to$i' >J >.? .J 1>.1U$g'*i' @ >.? 1J. ?.1Lto$i' .J .> >1.?Lit,'$i' J> J1. >.J >@.?Polo$i' @? 1>. ?J.? 1?.

Rom$i' >J> >?. >.J 1.

Slo-'&i' J@ .J .> 1?.Slo-$i' > 1.J >.? .!otal 1.%6 1.5 6+.

1


32/116

1.J.1 Politi&' " "2-olt'* *gio$'l) 0$ G*&i' 0$ /*io'"' 1@?@ 5 >

1.J.1 Rgio$'l "-lo/m$t /oli&+ i$ G*& i$ t9 /*io" 1@?@8>

Im/'&t,l Fo$",*ilo* St*,&t,*'l 0$ G*&i' 0$ /*io'"' 1@?@81@@@

T9 im/'&t o# St*,&t,*'l F,$"( i$ G*& i$ t9 /*io" 1@?@81@@@

P tot /'*&,*(,l '$ilo* 1@? 3i l' 0$&/,t,l '$ilo* 1@@! &o$omi' g*'&) (8'

&'*'&t*i2't /*i$t*8,$ /,t*$i& "2&9ili*, m'&*o 5 &o$omi&! o (l') &om/titi-it't!

"'to*i' /,li&) im/o*t'$t) */*2$t$" o #*$) /$t*, &*3t*' &o$omi&).

Di$ 1@@J &o$omi' g*'&) ' i$t*'t 0$t*8o #'2) $o,) " *(t*,&t,*'*! *#l&t't) 0$

&*3t*' P.I.B. / &'/ " lo&,ito* " l' 1, 0$ 1@@J l' >, 0$ 1@@, >,J 0$ 1@@ 3i ,

0$ 1@@,

"/)3i$" m"iil "i$ 'lt %)*i ,*o/$.D '(m$', 3i 'l%i i$"i&'to*i &o$omi&i 0$*gi(t*'2) -'lo*i /o2iti- 0$ 1@@ i$#l'%i'

' (&)2,t /$t*, /*im' "'t) " >> " '$i l' m'i /,%i$ " 1 l' (#*3it,l '$,l,i 1@@ *' "

?,>! i'* 0$ m'*ti 1@@ . V'lo'*' 3om':,l,i (8' m$%i$,t (, 1! i'* "#i&it,l ,gt'*

" 1>,1 0$ 1@@J ' ':,$( l' ,J 0$ 1@@. Î$ '&l'3i tim/! -'lo'*' i$-(ti%iilo* *,t "

&'/it'l #i4 ', &*(&,t " l' , 0$ 1@@J l' ?, 0$ 1@@.

Î$ &o$omi' G*&ii *)m$! tot,3i! "o,) /*olm (t*,&t,*'l g*'- transporturile şi

mediul înconDurător.

R%',' " t*'$(/o*t 5 0$ /'*ti&,l'* &' *,ti*) 3i t*'$(/o*t,l /,li& 5 (t (l'

"2-olt't)! 0$ '&(t "om$i, G*&i' '-$" o 0$t*2i* &o$(i"*'il).

Î$ tim/,l /*io'"i 1@?@ 8 1@@@, U$i,$ii E,*o/$ ' '&o*"'t G*&ii /*i$ Fo$",*il

St*,&t,*'l ,$ ':,to* &o$omi& " >,?@ mili'*" EURO.

Î$ $,m*o'( %)*i 'l U$i,$ii E,*o/$ "i#*it *gi,$i 'l '&li'3i %)*i /ot $#i&i'

" ,$ ':,to* 0$ #,$&%i " &*it*ii "i#*it , i'* 'ltl $, /ot /*ti$" $i&i ,$ #l " ':,to*. Î$

G*&i' l,&*,*il ( /*2i$t) /,%i$ 'lt#l. U$i,$' E,*o/'$) '&o*") #o$",*i 0$ &'"*,l

oi&ti-,l,i 0$t*gii %)*i 3i $, "o'* '$,mito* *gi,$i. C*it*i,l " (l&%i (t $i-l,l PIB&'/

" lo&,ito*.

P*og*'ml #i$'$%'2) ,*m)to'*l /*io*it)%i

8 i$#*'(t*,&t,*' K

8 m"i,l 0$&o$:,*)to* /*o",&ti- K

8 *(,*(l ,m'$ K

8 *g$*'*' m"i,l,i 0$&o$:,*)to* K

8 '(i(t$%) t9$i&).

>


33/116

A:,to*,l '&o*"'t /*i$ Fo$",*i St*,&t,*'l $, (t *'m,*('il. El &om/lt'2)

#i$'$%)*il $'%io$'l 3i *gio$'l, oi&ti-,l (), #ii$" " ' *,$i #o*t,*il / /l'$ $'%io$'l 3i

*gio$'l 0$ (&o/,l *",&*ii 0$t*2i*ii 0$ "2-olt'*. A,to*it)%il $'%io$'l 3i *gio$'l

9ot)*)(& 0$ &om,$ &, Comi(i' E,*o/'$) /*io*it)%il /*og*'mlo* " "2-olt'* &o$omi&).

A$,mit /*og*'m ( 0$(&*i, 0$ i$i%i'ti-l &om,$it'* / &'* l /,$ 0$ /*'&ti&) ' 0$()3i.Î$ /*io'"' 1@?@81@@! U$i,$' E,*o/'$) ' '&o*"'t G*&ii ,$ ':,to* " @ ,11

mili'*" EURO, i'* 0$ /*io'"' 1@@J81@@@ ,$ ':,to* " 1, mili'*" EURO.

Di$ /,$&t " -"* m'&*o8&o$omi&, ':,to*,l '&o*"'t /*i$ Fo$",*il St*,&t,*'l '

&o$t*i,it 0$t*8o m'$i*) "&i(i-) l' mi&3o*'*' "i#*$%i 0$t* PIB&'/ " lo&,ito* 0$ G*&i'

3i m"i' &om,$it'*). Î$t* '$ii 1@?@ 3i 1@@, '&(t #'/t ' "'t ,$ im/,l( /,t*$i& &o$omi!

':,to*,l &om,$it'* "t*mi$$" o &*3t* ' PIB " J 0$t*1@?@ 3i 1@@ 3i o &*3t*

&o$omi&) " ,?. S (tim'2) &) ':,to*,l &om,$it'* ' /*mi( "2-olt'*' i$-(ti%iilo*

/,li&.

Î$t* '$ii 1@?@ 3i 1@@ m'i m,lt " , "i$ /o/,l'%i' '&ti-) "/i$"' " Fo$",*il

St*,&t,*'l! m'i m,lt " 1. " '$g':'%i #ii$" (,(%i$,%i, "i*&t (', i$"i*&t, " '&%i,$i

&o#i$'$%'t " Fo$",*il St*,&t,*'l. F)*) #i$'$%'*! G*&i' '* #i '-,t m'*i /*olm 0$ '

m$%i$ o *'t) ' 3om':,l,i (, 1. Î$ '&'3i /*io'"), >,? "i$ #i$'$%'*' tot'l) ' #o(t

0$"*/t't) (/* 0m,$)t)%i*' i$#*'(t*,&t,*ii " '2). A&(t i$-(ti%ii ', &o$t*i,it l'

0$l)t,*'*' '$,mito* &o$(&i$% $g'ti- 'l i2ol)*ii %)*ii 0$ *'/o*t &, U$i,$' E,*o/'$)! l'

0m,$)t)%i*' &o$"i%iilo* " m"i, 3i " -i'%) 3i l' "2-olt'*' (&to*,l,i " tl&omi$i&'%ii.

O 't$%i /'*ti&,l'*) ' #o(t '&o*"'t) t*'$(/o*t,*ilo*! 0$ (/&i'l *,ti* 3i #*o-i'*! l'

(#*3it,l '$,l,i 1@@ G*&i' '-$" Qm " ',to(t*)2i! #'%) " @ Qm 0$ 1@?@.

M)(,*il l,'t 0$ "om$i,l tl&om,$i&'%iilo* ', &o$t*i,it "&i(i- l' *",&*'

"&'l':lo* 0$t* G*&i' 3i 'lt %)*i ,*o/$! 0$ (/&i'l 0$ m't*i " &'lit't ' (*-i&iilo*. Î$t*

'$ii 1@?@ 3i 1@@ ', #o(t i$(t'l't >?. " $oi li$ii tl#o$i&! &' & */*2i$t) 1 "i$

&'/'&it't' tot'l) ' '$,l,i 1@@. N,m)*,l " li$ii tl#o$i& l' 1 lo&,ito*i ' t*&,t " J!J

! /*io'"' " '3t/t'* /$t*, *'$3'm$t (&)2$" " l' > '$i l' 11 l,$i. I$i%i'ti-l

&om,$it'* STAR 3i TELEMATIUE ', *l'$('t tl&om,$i&'%iil! /*mi%$" O*g'$i(m,l,i

" Tl&om,$i&'%ii El$ 6OTE7 () o#* (*-i&ii $oi.

i i$#*'(t*,&t,*' m"i&'l) ' #o(t 0m,$)t)%it)! i'* "'to*it) #o*t,*ilo* #)&,t ' #o(t

*",( ($(iil "&'l':,l im/o*t'$t 0$t* At$' 3i /*o-i$&i. A, #o(t &*'t >. " $oi /'t,*i

3i 1@ (/it'l $oi . L' Z'Q+,t9o( ' #o(t &o$(t*,it ,$ (/it'l &, " /'t,*i "ot't &,

&9i/'m$t mo"*$.


34/116

D'to*it) '/li&)*ii /oliti&ii ,*o/$ ' m"i,l,i ', #o(t #)&,t /*og*( *m'*&'il 0$

"om$i,l m"i,l,i 0$&o$:,*)to*! *'li2$",8( $,m*o'( (t,"ii '(,/*' im/'&t,l,i /*oi&tlo*

'(,/*' m"i,l,i.

S8' 0m,$)t)%it t*'t'm$t,l '/lo* /l,-i'l! m'i m,lt " >.. " /*(o'$

/*o#it$" 0$ 1@@. P*oi&tl " &o$(*-'* 3i /*ot&%i ' m"i,l,i ', 0$t)*it $o*m,l /ot$%i'lt,*i(ti& 3i &om*&i'l 'l %)*ii! /*ot:$" io"i-*(it't'. L' o( ' #o(t &o$(t*,it) o &$t*'l) ,lt*'

8 mo"*$) " t*'t'* ' '/i.

D'to*it) i$-(ti%ii *'li2't /$t*, &ol&t'*'! g(ti,$' 3i *&i&l'*' '/lo* #olo(it

"i$ At$' /*i$ &$t*'l' " l' P(+tt'li'! -ol,m,l '#l,$%ilo* &'* /ol,', m'*' l' AQ*oQ*'mo '

#o(t *",( (,(t'$%i'l! 'mlio*$" &'lit't' '/i. A, #o(t #)&,t (t,"ii "(/* /ol,'*' #l,-i,l,i

N(to(&'*! &'* */*2i$t) o *(,*() " '/) im/o*t'$t) /$t*, G*&i'.

T*,i (,li$i't) im/o*t'$%' "i-*(i#i&)*ii (,*(lo* " $*gi. G*&i' (t ,$' "i$ /,%i$l %)*i ,*o/$ &'* $, "i(/,$ " o *%' " "i(t*i,%i ' g'2lo* $'t,*'l! #i$'$%'*'

&om,$it'*) '&&l*$" im/o*t,*il. Co$(&i$%l '&(t,i #'/t '(,/*' m"i,l,i 6*",&*'

/ol,)*ii 'tmo(#*i&7 3i &o$(,m,l,i ', '/)*,t im"i't. A(t#l! &o$(,m,l " $*gi ' (&)2,t 0$

&i#* '(ol,t 0$ *'/o*t &, PIB " l' 1!J 0$ 1@?? l' 1! 0$ 1@@1.

D'to*it) Fo$",*ilo* St*,&t,*'l ',to(t*'"' At$' 5 S'lo$i& ' #o(t mo"*$i2't)! 'tt 0$

"i*&%i' At$i! &t 3i (/* g*'$i%' &, T,*&i'. Lg)t,*il &, /o*t,*il! '*o/o*t,*il 3i "*,m,*il

(&,$"'* ', #o(t 0m,$)t)%it! 't$,$" '(t#l #&tl $g'ti- "'to*'t lo&'li2)*ii /*i#*i&

' G*&ii. Co$(t*,&%i' ',to(t*)2ii Co*i$t 5 T*i/oli 5 'l'm't' ' &o$t*i,it l' lg)t,*' "i$t*

&$t*,l 3i (,",l Plo/o$2,l,i &, Ati&'.

Co$(t*,&%i' ,$i 3o(l &'* 0$&o$:o'*) P't*'(,l ' /*mi( 0m,$)t)%i*' &o$"i%iilo* "

&i*&,l'%i! *",&*' 'm,ti':,l,i 3i ' /ol,)*ii 'tmo(#*i&.

D'to*it) ,$o* i$-(ti%ii im/o*t'$t 0$ &)il #*'t! ', #o(t *'li2'%i @ Qm " &'l #*'t)

/ *,t' At$' 5 I"om$i. El&t*i#i&'*' li$ii S'lo$i& 5 I"om$i 6 Qm7 ' /*mi( *",&*'

",*'ti "*,m,l,i! *",&$" 3i /ol,'*' 3i 'm,ti':l. T*'$(/o*t,l " /'('g*i 0$t* At$' 3i

S'lo$i& (8' ",l't /*i$ &,m/)*'*' ' t*$,*i ti/ I$t*&it+.

C$t*,l i(to*i& 'l o*'3,l,i S'lo$i& ' #o(t /,( 0$ -'lo'* /*i$ *$o-'*' mo$,m$tlo*

i(to*i&! 'm$':'*' 'lilo* /ito$'l 3i ,$ m'i ,$ '&&( l' /*i$&i/'ll mo$,m$tl

i(to*i&.

Di#*itl /*oi&t! &,m '* #i &l " *'ilit'* ' *gi,$ilo* "i$ -(t,l At$i! ',

/*mi( 'm$':'*' ,$,i /'*& &' ,$ m,2, 0$ '* li*. L' Ro"o(! l,&*)*il " i$#*'(t*,&t,*) ',

#o(t *'li2't &, ':,to*,l i$i%i'ti-i &om,$it'* ENVIREG! &,m '* #i &o$(t*,&%i' '2i$lo* "

'&,m,l'* ' '/i! "'* *2,lt'tl 0$ '&(t "om$i, (,$t m'i /,%i$ /'l/'il 3i m'i "i#i&il "

-'l,'t.

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35/116

T'4l " 3&ol'*i2'* 'l ti$*ilo* ', #o(t *",( (,(t'$%i'l! i'* '&&(,l l' ",&'%i 'tt

/$t*, '",l%i! &t 3i /$t*, &o/ii (8' 0m,$)t)%it.

Î$ /*io'"' 1@?@ 5 1@@ J. " /*(o'$ *', im/li&'t 0$ /*o&(,l ",&'%io$'l!

'"i&) '/*o'/ 1 "i$ /o/,l'%i' '&ti-)! #ii$" &o$(t*,it .> " &l'(. N,m)*,l " l-i &'*

', '(ol-it &i&l,l > " 0$-)%)m$t ' &*(&,t &, >> 0$t* 1@?@ 3i 1@@J.Î$t* '$ii 1@?@ 5 1@@ (&to*,l " &*&t'* 3i "2-olt'* ' $#i&i't " ':,to'*

#i$'$&i'* im/o*t'$t. N,m)*,l " &*&t)to*i ' &*(&,t " l' 1. l' 1.! *'/o*t,l 0$t*

&9lt,ilil *,t /$t*, &*&t'* 3i "2-olt'* 3i PIB &*(&$" " l' ! l' !.

D2-olt'*' ,$i-*(it)%ilo* " / i$(,ll M)*ii Eg 3i T9('li'! &' 3i F'&,lt't' "

M"i&i$) ' U$i-*(it)%ii "i$ Io'$$i$'! ', &o$t*i,it l' "(&$t*'li2'*' (i(tm,l,i ",&'%io$'l

3i l' 0$t)*i*' &*&t)*ii. C**' " m'*i$'*i &om/t$%i '* o t*'"i%i /,t*$i&) 0$ G*&i'! i'*

0$#ii$%'*' Colgi,l,i " M'*i$) l' S'lo$i& ' /*mi( &*3t*' $,m)*,l,i lo*.Î$ C*t'! "2-olt'*' #i*mlo* /*i-'t ' i$",(t*ii 3i im/lm$t'*' t9$i&ilo* " -*#!

', &,lmi$'t &, &o$(t*,&%i' P'*&,l,i " tii$% 3i T9$ologii 6STEP5C7! &'* / l$g)

'&ti-it)%il im/o*t'$t " &*&t'*! /*mit lg)t,*i (t*$( &, l,m' 4t*io'*) 3i &ol'o*)*i

0$t* (&to*,l /,li& 3i /*i-'t.

C, to't &) #i$'$%)*il &om,$it'* ', #o(t ($%i'l 0$ &*3t*' &om/titi-it)%ii

&o$omi&! $i&i ,$ oi&ti- /*&i( $, ' #o(t #i4't 0$t* '$ii 1@?@ 3i 1@@. A, #o(t *'m$':'t

>> 2o$ i$",(t*i'l! #o*t,*il "/,( '4$",8( m'i 'l( / (&)"*' *'ti 3om':,l,i. Î$

M'&"o$i' O*i$t'l) 3i 0$ T*'&i' (8' &),t't () ( m$%i$) /ot$%i'l,l '&ti-it)%ilo*

t*'$(#*o$t'li*.

C'm*' " Com*% "i$ D*'m' ' $#i&i't " mi:lo'& (,/lim$t'* /$t*, ' ':,t'

#i*ml! /$t*, ' o*g'$i2' 0$tl$i*i 0$t* '&(t'! &, (&o/,l " ' (tim,l' &oo/*'*'.

S8' "(&9i( ,$ &$t*, " t*'",&*i! ', #o(t &*'t l'o*'to'* 3i (8', o*g'$i2't

&'m/'$ii " i$#o*m'*.

R#*ito* l' (&to*,l 'g*i&ol! $,m)*,l " '$g':'%i (t " /'t*, o*i m'i m'* &' 0$ *(t,l

%)*ilo* "i$ U$i,$' E,*o/'$)! '&(t (&to* */*2$t$" 1 "i$ PIB 3i "i$ 4/o*t.

Di#*itl /*oi&t &o8#i$'$%'t /*i$ Fo$",*i St*,&t,*'l ', /*mi( /*og*( im/o*t'$t

0$ &om/titi-it't 3i *)m$*' lo&,ito*ilo* 0$ 2o$l "#'-o*i2't! limit$" mig*'%i' (/*

&$t*l ,*'$. D'to*it) ':,to'*lo* '&o*"'t #i*mlo* /*i-'t! >. " ti$*i 'g*i&,lto*i ',

/,t,t ()83i 0$&'/) o '#'&* 3i m'i m,lt " ? " /*oi&t ', $#i&i't " (,(%i$*

#i$'$&i'*).

I$t*-$%iil &om,$it'* 0$ "om$i,l 'g*i&ol ', /*mi( m$%i$*' ' J. "

'$g':'%i 0$ (&to*,l 'g*i&ol! (8', &o$(t*,it '2i$ " &ol&t'* ' '/i " 1J! milio'$ " m

/$t*, ' *",& &o$(&i$%l $g'ti- 'l /*io'"lo* l,$gi " (&t)! (8', *'m$':'t .@


36/116

9' -i%) " -i! (8', mo"*$i2't J. " ,til': 'g*i&ol! (8', &*'t $oi lo&,*i " m,$&) 6/*i$

i$i%i'ti-' &om,$it'*) LEADER7 3i (8' "2-olt't /(&,it,l /*i$ #i$'$%'*' ' 1@ " /*oi&t.

P*oi&t " "2-olt'* *gio$'l) /,( 0$ /*'&ti&) 0$ G*&i' 0$ /*io'"'1@?@81@@@

Rgio$'l "-lo/m$t /*o:&t( '//li" i$ G*& i$ t9 /*io" 1@?@81@@@

Di$t* /*oi&tl " "2-olt'* *gio$'l) /,( 0$ /*'&ti&) 0$ G*&i' 0$ /*io'"' 1@?@8

1@@@! &l m'i im/o*t'$t (,$t ,*m)to'*l

8 /*oi&t " &oo/*'* m"i&'l) 0$t* G*&i' 3i %)*il "i$ B'l&'$i K

8 /*oi&t " "2-olt'* ' mi&*o89i"*o&$t*'llo* K8 /*oi&t " 4/lo't'* ' $*gii oli$ K

8 /*oi&t " m,t'* ' '")/o(t,*ilo* /$t*, '$im'l 0$ 4t*io*,l lo&'lit)%ilo* K

8 /*oi&t " mo"i#i&'* ' (i(tm,l,i 9i"*ologi& / i$(,l' Z'$Q K

8 /*oi&t " 0$#ii$%'* ' ,$,i lo& " 0$g*i:i* 3i (,/*'-g9* ' &o/iilo* 0$ o*'3,l

S&9im't'*i K

8 /*oi&t " "2-olt'* *,*'l) 0$ *gi,$' '*"it(' K

8 /*oi&t " 0$#ii$%'* ' ,$,i &$t*, *gio$'l " &o$t*ol ' &'lit)%ii 3i 'l /*ot&%ii#ito('$it'* "i$ Io'$$i$' .

roiect de cooperare medicală între 3recia şi ţările din @alcani

Co(t,l tot'l 'l /*oi&t,l,i ( *i"i&) l' .. EURO! i'* &o$t*i,%i' U.E (t "

.. EURO.

roiect de dezvoltare a micro-'idrocentralelorCo(t,l tot'l 'l /*og*'m,l,i ( *i"i&) l' 1 ,1@ milio'$ EURO i'* &o$t*i,%i' U.E (t

" ,? milio'$ EURO.

roiect de eGploatare a energiei eoliene

V$t,l */*2i$t) o (,*() im/o*t'$t) " $*gi ' &)*,i 4/lo't'* $, $&(it)

m't*i'l &o(ti(ito'* 3i $, /*o",& /ol,'*' 'tmo(#*i&). U*m'3 'l mo*ilo* " -$t &'* ',

#o(t #olo(it 0$ t*&,t! mo*il " -$t< '&t,'l ', o (t*,&t,*) m'i ,3o'*) &, &'lit)%i'*o"i$'mi& 4&l$t.


37/116

D2-olt'*' t9$ologii ' ",( l' *",&*' $i-l,l,i " 2gomot ' t,*i$lo* " -$t,

i'* ;"',$l< /*i&i$,it /)()*ilo* (,$t i$#i$it m'i mi&i "&t &l &',2't " /ol,'*.

E4/'$(i,$' *'/i") ' '&(t,i (&to* ' "-$it m'i /,%i$ &o(ti(ito'* 3i m'i /*o#it'il) ,

&, &o(t,*i " /*o",&%i & ( *i"i&) l' o 2&im "i$ &l " '&,m 2& '$i. Îm/*,$) &, 'lt

(,*( " $*gi 'lt*$'ti-, $*gi' oli'$) ':,t) l' *",&*' &o$(,m,l,i " &om,(tiil.

=i$$" &o$t " &'/'&it't' &om,$it)%ilo* lo&'l " ' 4/lo't' *(,*(l i$"ig$! $*gi'

oli'$) '* ,$ /ot$%i'l (m$i#i&'ti- 0$ 2o$l *,*'l 3i 0$ *gi,$il i$(,l'*.

Bi$&,-$t't) " Eol, 2,l -$t,l,i, G*&i' '* *(,*( oli$ &o$(i"*'il. D3i

4/lo't'*' '&(to* *(,*( ' #o(t limit't)! (8', /*o",( J1 G 6J 0$ >7! &'* &9i-'l'2)

&, 1! milio'$ lit*i " &om,(tiil 60$ :,* " ! lit*i &om,(tiil $&('* /$t*, '

/*o",& 1 97. I$i%i'ti-l " 't*'g* ' i$-(tito*ilo* /*i-'%i (8', "o-"it ' #i /li$ "

(,&&(! '&3ti' &o$t*i,i$" &, l' &o(t,*il tot'l.

P*og*'ml /*o/,( ', l' '2) o (*i " &*it*ii & %i$ &o$t " '(/&tl t9$i&.

Di$t* &*it*ii 'mi$tim 4/,$* l' -$t! 'm/l'('* 0$ &m/ "(&9i(! '/*o/i*' " (i(tm,l

lo&'l " "i(t*i,%i " l&t*i&it't! "i(t'$%) #'%) " &'()! *(/&t,l #'%) " /'t*imo$i,l

'*9ologi&! &o$(*-'*' $'t,*ii. A, #o(t '/*o't 1@ /*oi&t! 1 ', #o(t 0$&,$,$'t " (,&&(

3i /*o",& o /,t* " 11@!> M. D3i '&(t' ' #o(t ,$ /*og*'m $'%io$'l! *gi,$il &, &' m'i

,$) 4/,$* l' -$t ', '*)t't &l m'i m'* i$t*( 3i ', #)&,t &l m'i i$t*('$t /*o/,$*i.

C' 3i *2,lt't! ', #o(t "m'*'t 1> /*oi&t 0$ *gi,$' E,'! &

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