Capítulo 3BCapítulo 3BPara mantener la Para mantener la

saludsalud

In order to maintain healthIn order to maintain health

Chapter ObjectivesChapter Objectives

Talk about foods and beverages for Talk about foods and beverages for dinnerdinner

Describe what people or things are Describe what people or things are likelike

Discuss food, health, and exercise Discuss food, health, and exercise choiceschoices

Understand cultural perspectives on Understand cultural perspectives on diet and healthdiet and health

Diego Rivera (1886-Diego Rivera (1886-1957)1957)

Diego Rivera was born December 8, Diego Rivera was born December 8, 1886 and was a prominent Mexican 1886 and was a prominent Mexican painter born in Guanajuato, México. painter born in Guanajuato, México.

He was an active communist, and He was an active communist, and husband of Frida Kahlo. His large wall husband of Frida Kahlo. His large wall works in the fresco style helped to works in the fresco style helped to establish the establish the Mexican Mural Mexican Mural RenaissanceRenaissance..

While some of his works were While some of his works were controversial, his brilliance as a painter controversial, his brilliance as a painter and muralist were undisputed.and muralist were undisputed.

Birthplace of Diego Rivera in Guanajuato, México

Detalle de Detalle de México en el futuroMéxico en el futuro, , fresco en el Palacio Nacional, Méxicofresco en el Palacio Nacional, México

Diego Rivera & Frida Kahlo

Vocabulario del capítulo Vocabulario del capítulo 3B3B

el bistec el pescadoel pollo

la cebolla los guisantes

la carne

las judías verdes las uvas la lechuga

las papas las zanahorias los tomates

el arrozlos cereales

las grasaslos espaguetis

el helado

la cena - dinner

las bebidas - beverages

los pasteles la mantequilla

To discuss health…To discuss health…

caminarcaminar – to walk – to walk hacerhacer ejercicio – to exercise ejercicio – to exercise ((yoyo) ) hagohago – I do – I do ((tútú) ) haceshaces – you do – you do levantarlevantar pesaspesas – to lift weights – to lift weights para para lala saludsalud – for one’s health – for one’s health para para mantenermantener lala saludsalud – to – to

maintain one’s healthmaintain one’s health

To indicate a To indicate a preference…preference…

(yo) (yo) prefieroprefiero – I prefer – I prefer (tú) (tú) prefieresprefieres – you prefer – you prefer The –IR verb The –IR verb preferirpreferir : :

yoyo prefieroprefiero nosotrosnosotros preferimospreferimos tú tú prefieresprefieres vosotrosvosotros preferíspreferís élél prefiereprefiere ellosellos prefierenprefieren

• This verb is known as a stem-changer. The endings are all This verb is known as a stem-changer. The endings are all the same as a regular –ir verb, but the stem changes from the same as a regular –ir verb, but the stem changes from e e i in all forms except nosotros and vosotros. i in all forms except nosotros and vosotros.

deberdeber – should/must – should/must

To talk about being To talk about being hungry/thirsty…hungry/thirsty…

TengoTengo hambre – I’m hungry hambre – I’m hungry TengoTengo sed – I’m thirsty sed – I’m thirsty

The (irregular) verb The (irregular) verb tenertener::•yoyo tengo tengo nosotrosnosotros tenemostenemos•tútú tienestienes vosotrosvosotros tenéistenéis•UdUd. . tienetiene UdsUds. . tienentienen

él/ellaél/ella ellos/ellas ellos/ellas

To indicate agreement or To indicate agreement or disagreement…disagreement…

creercreer – to think – to think creocreo que… - I think que… - I think creocreo que sí / no … - I think so/I don’t que sí / no … - I think so/I don’t

think sothink so (no) (no) estoyestoy de acuerdo – I (don’t) de acuerdo – I (don’t)

agreeagree

To ask a ? Or give an To ask a ? Or give an answer…answer…

¿Por qué? – Why?¿Por qué? – Why? porque – becauseporque – because

The way I remember the difference is The way I remember the difference is like this: if the question is “why” (and like this: if the question is “why” (and all interrogatives in Spanish have an all interrogatives in Spanish have an accent) then the answer is the one accent) then the answer is the one without the accent and it’s all one word without the accent and it’s all one word because the answer means it’s “come because the answer means it’s “come together.” Silly? Maybe, but it helps me, together.” Silly? Maybe, but it helps me, maybe it will help you. maybe it will help you.

Recap of interrogatives…Recap of interrogatives…

Who?Who? ¿Quién?¿Quién? What?What? ¿Qué?¿Qué? When?When? ¿Cuándo?¿Cuándo? Where?Where? ¿Dónde?¿Dónde? Why?Why? ¿Por qué?¿Por qué? How?How? ¿Cómo?¿Cómo? Which?Which? ¿Cuál?¿Cuál? How many?How many? ¿Cuántos?¿Cuántos?

Más vocabulario…Más vocabulario…

algo – somethingalgo – something muchos/as – many or alotmuchos/as – many or alot todos/as – alltodos/as – all horrible – horriblehorrible – horrible malo/a – badmalo/a – bad sabroso/a – tasty, flavorfulsabroso/a – tasty, flavorful cada día – every daycada día – every day

Plurals of adjectives…Plurals of adjectives…

MASCULINE FEMININE

SINGULAR/PLURAL SINGULAR/PLURAL

sabroso / sabrosos sabrosa/sabrosas

popular / populares poplular/populares

The verbThe verb “ “serser””

This is a VERY important verb. It This is a VERY important verb. It means “to be” but is different from means “to be” but is different from the previous form “estar” in its the previous form “estar” in its meaning. meaning.

It is an irregular verb, so it must be It is an irregular verb, so it must be memorized.memorized. yoyo soysoy nosotros nosotros somossomos tú tú ereseres vosotros vosotros soissois él él eses ellos ellos sonson

Ser versus estar: A Ser versus estar: A mnemonic device that puts mnemonic device that puts

estar in itsestar in its PP..LL..AA..CC..EE Most devices aiming to outline the use of ser Most devices aiming to outline the use of ser

and estar focus on both verbs, while this and estar focus on both verbs, while this mnemonic device (P.L.A.C.E)  focuses on one mnemonic device (P.L.A.C.E)  focuses on one verb only: estar.verb only: estar.

"P.L.A.C.E" summarizes the uses of estar.  Just "P.L.A.C.E" summarizes the uses of estar.  Just memorize five words that end with -tion memorize five words that end with -tion (simply referred to as "-tion words") and form (simply referred to as "-tion words") and form the acronym "the acronym "PP..LL..AA..CC..EE":":

Position Position       LocationLocation      Action  Action      Condition  Condition        EmotionEmotion

The acronym "The acronym "P.L.A.C.EP.L.A.C.E" certainly " certainly simplifies the selection between simplifies the selection between serser and and estarestar in that it becomes a matter of in that it becomes a matter of elimination.  If one needs to express elimination.  If one needs to express something that is not of the five -something that is not of the five -tiontion words, then one must use words, then one must use serser..

Ser is usually used to express something Ser is usually used to express something that doesn’t change- where you are from, that doesn’t change- where you are from, what you are like, etc. ¿De dónde what you are like, etc. ¿De dónde ereseres??

Thank you to Keith Mason for usage of this mnemonic device.

PPositionosition: expresses the physical position of posture of a person or : expresses the physical position of posture of a person or thing: Ella está sentado (She is sitting.)thing: Ella está sentado (She is sitting.)

LLocationocation: expresses where places, people, or things are located:: expresses where places, people, or things are located: El libro El libro estáestá debajo de la mesa. debajo de la mesa.

AActionction: expresses the result of an action:: expresses the result of an action: Estoy comiendo ahora. (I am eating now.)Estoy comiendo ahora. (I am eating now.)

CConditionondition: expresses health and other changeable states: ¿: expresses health and other changeable states: ¿EstásEstás lleno? (Are you full?) lleno? (Are you full?)

EEmotionmotion: expresses emotions such as: : expresses emotions such as: Estoy triste. (I am sad.) Estoy triste. (I am sad.)

but one must remember that but one must remember that alegrealegre, , melancólicomelancólico and and felizfeliz are considered inherent character are considered inherent character traits, and not simply experienced emotions that may changetraits, and not simply experienced emotions that may change ..

Both of these sentences mean different Both of these sentences mean different things although spelled exactly the same:things although spelled exactly the same:

The apple is green.The apple is green.(Meaning the apple is (Meaning the apple is not ripenot ripe.).)

The apple is green.The apple is green.(Meaning the (Meaning the colorcolor of the apple is green.) of the apple is green.)

La manzana La manzana estáestá verde. (ESTAR) verde. (ESTAR) The apple is green. (condition)The apple is green. (condition)

La manzana La manzana eses verde. (SER) verde. (SER) The apple is green. (essence)The apple is green. (essence)