Capt. Luigi MancusoCarabinieri Corps

Rome Provincial CommandCriminal Investigation Department

VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN ITALY

Law Enforcement Practices and Legislation

Agenda

IntroductionIntroduction to Carabinieri to Carabinieri CorpsCorps

LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES

Italian homeland security framework

with general competence

with specific tasks

History

The “Corps of the Royal Carabinieri” was The “Corps of the Royal Carabinieri” was instituted in Turin by the King of Sardinia, instituted in Turin by the King of Sardinia, Vittorio Emanuel l by Royal Warrant on Vittorio Emanuel l by Royal Warrant on 13th July, 1814. It was given the dual 13th July, 1814. It was given the dual function of national defence and function of national defence and public order managementpublic order management

Carabinieri Corps is an Italian police force with military status and general competence on public security on the whole national territory. It is entrusted with military and police tasks.

Mission

Tasks

ARMED FORCE

As an

Reports directly to the

MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

LAW ENFORCEMENT

AGENCY

As a

Reports directly to the

MINISTRY OF INTERIOR

Military Police, Military Operations Abroad, Security of Italian

diplomatic representatives in other

countries, …

Crime prevention, Emergency Service,

Criminal Investigation, Public Order, …

Organisational structure

Personnel 117.942

3.991 Officers 30.176 Warrant Officers 83.775 Agents

Territorial Organization

The Territorial Organization represents the core of the institutional activities and includes about 80% of the total staff

Legal framework

Legal framework

Article Crime Penalty

Art. 582 Personal injuries 3 months to 3 years’ imprisonment

Art. 572 Domestic violence 2 to 6 years’ imprisonment

Art. 575 Intentional homicide 21 years to life imprisonment

Art. 609 bis Rape 5 to 10 years’ imprisonment

Art. 609 quarter Sexual acts with children 5 to 10 years’ imprisonment

Art. 609-octies Gang rape 6 to 12 years’ imprisonment

Art. 612 bis Stalking 6 months to 4 years’ imprisonment

Italian Criminal Code

““Aggravating circumstances” increase the severity of punishmentAggravating circumstances” increase the severity of punishment““Aggravating circumstances” increase the severity of punishmentAggravating circumstances” increase the severity of punishment

Strategies and plans

NATIONAL PLAN AGAINST GENDER VIOLENCE AND STALKING (year 2010)

• Prevention, information and increasing public awareness

• Strengthening of the Anti-Violence Centres and the protection and victims reintegration services

• Operators training

• Monitoring of the phenomenon

• Measures to support gender violence victims

OBJECTIVES

Victim Support Services

Type of structure: The anti-violence centres are operated by non-governmental organizations and usually financed/supported by local government (Regions, Provinces or Municipalities).

Anti-violence centresAnti-violence centres

Key elements: Free legal and psychological advice; shelters (depending on resources available); hospitality to women with children (depending on resources available).

Form of violence: domestic violence/sexual violence

Victim Support Services

National hotline service 1522National hotline service 1522

Form of violence: Violence against women in general (domestic violence, sexual violence and sexual harassment, stalking, mobbing, etc.).

Aim: The Department for Equal Opportunities launched the national hotline service 1522 in order to refer victims of violence to shelters and antiviolence centres.

Key elements: Service available 24/7; anonymous access; different languages available (Italian, French, English and Arabic); specific training and psychological assistance for the operators.

Awareness campaigns

Crime Figures

Total offences

2011 2012

STALKING 8.904 9.901

SEXUAL ACTS WITH CHILDREN 472 525

PERSONAL INJURIES 67.211 68.514

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE 8.920 9.483

INTENTIONAL HOMICIDE 550 521

ATTEMPTED INTENTIONAL HOMICIDE 1.401 1.314

SEXUAL VIOLENCE 4.326 4.362

GANG RAPE 159 128

Crime statistics for Italy: violent crime and sexual

offences

These data could be

subject to change

These data could be

subject to change

Crime Figures

Crime Figures

These data could be subject to

change

These data could be subject to

change

Juvenile crime and Juvenile Justice in ItalyCarabinieri Corps approach

Criminal investigation

KEY PRINCIPLES

Use of “protected interview rooms”, psychological support (compulsory for minors), assistance in contacting the victim support services (compulsory in case of

stalking), …

LAW PROVISIONS BEST PRACTICES

Crime prevention

Web pages dedicate to violence against women and minors

“Carabinieri Virtual Station”

Web 2.0 approach Web 2.0 approach

www.carabinieri.it

Training

BASIC TRAINING BASIC TRAINING

SPECIAL TRAINING SPECIAL TRAINING

Carabinieri Cadet Training Schools, Warrant Officer and Brigadier Training Schools, Carabinieri Officers' College

Criminal Procedure, Criminal Law, Investigation Techniques, …

Carabinieri “Advanced Institute for investigation techniques”

Advanced Investigation Techniques, Victimology, Criminology, Victims Support Services, …Personnel trained - 2012 (Sept.-Dec.)

943 Officers 208 Warrant Officers

Thank you for your time and interest

Capt. Luigi MancusoCarabinieri Corps

Rome Provincial CommandCriminal Investigation Department

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