CAR PART IV
OPERATIONS REGULATIONS
CAR‐OPS 1
COMMERCIAL & PRIVATE AIR TRANSPORTATION (AEROPLANES)
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Issue: 04 Page 2 of 498 Issue Date: October 2015 Rev.: 01 Revision Date: January 2016
FOREWORD
1 The UAE General Civil Aviation Authority, known in these regulations as the “Authority” has implemented CAR‐OPS 1 based on the European Joint Aviation Requirements (JAR), with a view to harmonizing legislation and to regulate commercial air transport and private operations of aeroplanes.
2 ICAO Annex 6 has been selected to provide the basic structure of CAR–OPS and for Air Operator
Certification and Private Operator Authorization, but with additional sub‐division where considered appropriate. The content of Annex 6 has been used and added to, where acceptable.
3 The Authority has adopted associated compliance or interpretative material wherever possible and, unless
specifically stated otherwise, clarification will be based on this material or other JAR/EASA documentation. 4 Future development of the requirements of CAR–OPS will be in accordance with Notice of Proposed
Amendment (NPA) procedure, if the GCAA thinks an NPA is required. These procedures allow for the amendment of CAR–OPS to be harmonized with amendments to EASA and ICAO Annexes in a timely manner. Typographical errors, or minor changes that do not affect the industry will be published and introduced without NPA (Notice of Proposed Amendment).
5 Definitions and abbreviations of terms used in CAR–OPS that are considered generally applicable are
contained in CAR Part 1‐ Definitions and Abbreviations. However, definitions and abbreviations of terms used in CAR–OPS that are specific to a Subpart of CAR–OPS are normally given in the Subpart concerned or, exceptionally, in the associated compliance or interpretative material.
6 Conformity with the advisory material (AC OPS) is mandatory unless there exist other means of compliance meet the equivalent level of safety, acceptable to the Authority.
Note: Any person who considers that there may be alternative AMCs or IEMs to those published should submit details to the Authority, for alternatives to be properly considered. Should there be an error, inform Policy and Regulations section [email protected] or obtain clarification through [email protected]
7 Document structure and Formatting
SUB PART A‐S CAR‐OPS 1.1XX Title of the applicable regulations Followed by AC OPS 1.1XX Advisory Circullar Sub Titile or specific paragraph of the regulations AMC 1.1XX Acceptable Means of Compliance Sub Titile or specific paragraph of the regulations IEM 1.1XX Interpretative Explanatory Material Sub Titile or specific paragraph of the regulations GM 1.1XX Guidance Material Sub Titile or specific paragraph of the regulations At the end of the SUB PART Appendix to the CAR‐OPS 1.1XX SUB PART B … etc
Footer Issue no: XX (Issue number) Page X of XXX (Page) Issue Date: MMM YYYY Rev.XX (Revision number) Revision: MMM YYYY
Issue: 04 Page 3 of 498 Issue Date: October 2015 Rev.: 01 Revision Date: January 2016
RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND DATE OF EFFECTIVITY
Revision No. Date of issue
Reissue July 2009
Reissue November 2009
Reissue July 2010
Reissue September 2010
Reissue July 2011
Re issue February 2013
Reissue October 2014
Reissue October 2015
Date of effectivity: 1 January 2016
Issue 04 Revision 01 January 2016
Date of entry into force: 1 February 2016.
However, a transition period of 1 year to comply with CAR‐OPS 1.1135 is granted. So, up to 31 December 2016 included, CAR‐OPS 1.1135 at
Issue 03 Revision 00 shall apply.
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HIGHLIGHTS OF LATEST CHANGES
Amendment Subject(s)
October 2015
Change of pagination and Formatting (merging Regulations and AMC in one section) AMC to CAR‐OPS 1.110, GM1 to AMC to CAR‐OPS 1.110, and GM2 to AMC to CAR‐OPS
1.110):Temporary Revision 1 Reporting criteria changed IEM‐OPS 1.425 revised: Temporary Revision 2 CAR OPS 1.165 (e) par1 deleted: Temporary Revision 3 CAR–OPS 1.740 Placards added Symbolic exit sign: Temporary Revision 4 Review of Operations manuals within 1 years period: CAR‐OPS 1.200 Reporting Communicable disease: CAR‐OPS1.420 d.7 Revised transfer agreement: CAR‐OPS 1.165 Add CAR–OPS 1.653 GNSS Clarification Data retention period: App1 to CAR–OPS 1.1065 Table 1 1.135(a) items (3,
5, 7, 10, 11) Clarification on responsibility of operator for OM B:CAR–OPS 1.1050 AFM, Added par 2 Deletion of CAR‐OPS 1.890(a)(1) Deletion of CAR‐OPS 1.890(a)(1) item 4 Relocation of VFR operations from CAR‐OPS 1.941 c to 1.940 c Addition of Journey or GD (as per CAL) :CAR‐OPS 1.125 (a) (8) Revision to Passenger , cargo and mail manifest (as per CAL): CAR‐OPS 1.135 (a) (10) Rewording of paragraph FDM to be as part of SMS: CAR‐OPS 1.037 c Revision to DG training period validity datum :CAR–OPS 1.1220 (e) Addition of requirement to List manuals in OM A App 1 to CAR–OPS 1.1045 Addition of IEM OPS 1.1040(b) Elements of the Operations Manual subject to approval or
acceptance Amendment of paragraph 8.3.2(c) of App 1 to CAR–OPS 1.1045 Addition of AOC and Operations specifications knowledge: CAR‐OPS 1.185 g Addition of Life raft, Pyrotechnic ULB with 8.8 kHz frequency: 1.830 d Addition of operational variations to alternate aerodrome: CAR‐OPS 1.225 d Addition of incremental value of aerodrome minima: CAR‐OPS 1.225 e Addition of Aerodrome Margin of time: CAR‐OPS 1.225 f Amendment on minimum Useable fuel to to be carried:CAR‐OPS 1.255 b 1 Amendment of final reserve rounded to the higher value: App1 to CAR‐OPS 1.255 (a) 5 Amendment of Notifying ATC if delay to less than reserve fuel: CAR‐OPS 1.375 c Amendment of PIC to declare Minimum Fuel: CAR–OPS 1.375 b,d Amendment of Mayday Fuel: CAR‐OPS 1.375 b (3) Addition of PIC responsibility for security: CAR‐OPS 1.085 / par f 14 and 15 added Addition of mass limitation to comply with noise standard: CAR‐OPS 1.605 (f) added Addition of Placard, Marking limitation:CAR‐OPS 1.630 (g) Addition of Loss of pressurization warning : CAR‐OPS 1.630 (h) added Addition of Forward looking Turbine
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Amendment of Medical Kit: AMC CAR‐OPS 1.755 Addition of HUD or equivalent display : CAR‐OPS 1.785 Reformating/numbering of CAR‐OPS 1.790 and adddition of Fire extinguishing lavatory :
CAR‐OPS 1.790 (b) Addition of To highlight met inflight observation: CAR‐OPS 1. 340 e Addition of Operator SMS in managing Fatigue Risk: CAR‐OPS 1.037 (h) Addition of PH SMS shall maintain safety risk register: CAR‐OPS 1.037 (i) Addition of Non crew member station restrictions :CAR–OPS 1.310 c Addition of Controlled rest guidance material added: AC OPS 1.310 (a) (3) Addition of Threat and error management training: CAR‐OPS 1.965 (a) 5 added Replacement of “a member of the crew” by “an operating crewmember” in CAR‐OPS
1.1115 Addition of Standard provision added: CAR‐OPS 1.1120 Absolute limit on Flying and Cumulative Duty Hours revised : CAR‐OPS 1.1125 Addition of Leave added : CAR‐OPS 1.1126 Addition of Various part added: CAR‐OPS 1.1127 Addition of Max Duty time added various conditions: CAR‐OPS 1.1135 Amendment of 15 month to 12 month record keeping: CAR‐OPS 1.1140 Deletion of CAR‐OPS 1.1130 Deletion of IEM OPS 1.1045(c) Operations Manual Structure item 6 Addition of CAR‐OPS 1.867 ADS‐B (OUT and IN) following NPA 09‐2014
January 2016 The below changes have been made following CATCC 18th meeting and additional comments received with regards to lack of consistency between the highlight of changes and the track bars in the document. Other changes have been introduced aiming at relaxing the requirement or providing more guidance to industry. Changes made to section “RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND DATE OF EFFECTIVITY”:
‐ Replace “September 2015” by “October 2015” ‐ Addition of Issue 04 Revision 01 dated January 2016
Changes made to section “HIGHLIGHTS OF LATEST CHANGE”: ‐ Replacement of “October 2014” by “October 2015” for Issue 04 Revision 00 ‐ Replacement of “Addition of Placard, Marking limitation: CAR‐OPS 1.630 (a) 2” by
“Addition of Placard, Marking limitation: CAR‐OPS 1.630 (g)” ‐ Deletion of “Addition of Forward looking Turbine
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since it was added.‐ Replacement of “Amendment of PIC to declare Minimum Fuel: CAR‐OPS 1.375 b” by
“Amendment of PIC to declare Minimum Fuel: CAR‐OPS 1.375 d”. ‐ Replacement of “Deletion of CAR‐OPS 1.890(a)(1)” by “Deletion of CAR‐OPS
1.890(a)(1) item 4”. Replacement of “Addition of Life raft, Pyrotechnic ULB with 8.8 MHz frequency:
1.830 d” by “Addition of Life raft, Pyrotechnic ULB with 8.8 kHz frequency: 1.830 d”. ‐ Addition of “Addition of CAR‐OPS 1.867 ADS‐B (OUT and IN) following NPA 09‐2014”. Replacement of “Clarification Data retention period: App1 to CAR–OPS 1.1065 add
1.135 (a)(3,5,7,10,11” by “Clarification Data retention period: App1 to CAR–OPS 1.1065 Table 1 addition of reference to 1.135 (a)(3,5,7,10,11)”.
Replacement of “Addition of paragraph 8.3.2. (c) PBN to App 1 to CAR–OPS 1.1045“ by “Amendment of paragraph 8.3.2(c) of App 1 to CAR–OPS 1.1045”
Replacement of “Amendment of Excessive sink rate and unsafe terrain clearance : CAR‐OPS 1.665 (b) “ by “Amendment of CAR‐OPS 1.665 (b)”
Replacement of “Adddition of Fire extinguishing lavatory : CAR‐OPS 1.790 (b) “ by “Reformating/numbering of CAR_OPS 1.790 and dddition of Fire extinguishing lavatory : CAR‐OPS 1.790 (b)”
‐ Replacement of “Amendment of Medical Kit: CAR‐OPS 1.755” by “Amendment of Medical Kit: AMC CAR‐OPS 1.755”
Replacement of “Addition of Responsibility added: CAR‐OPS 1.1115” by “Replacement of “a member of the crew” by “an operating crewmember” in CAR‐OPS 1.1115”
Other changes made: ‐ AC OPS 1.037(c): mistakenly labeled as CAR‐OPS 1.037. ‐ CAR–OPS 1.630(a): reformatted to conform to CAR‐OPS 1 at Issue 03 revision 00. ‐ CAR‐OPS 1.750: typo error corrected “fuids” replaced by “fluids”. ‐ CAR‐OPS 1.605 (f): added since missed out from Issue 04 Revision 00. ‐ CAR‐OPS 1.630 (h): added since missed out from Issue 04 Revision 00. ‐ CAR‐OPS 1.1125(b) and (c): renamed CAR‐OPS 1.1125(a) and (b) respectively. ‐ CAR‐OPS 1.740: universal symbolic signs may be authorized as equivalent to scripts. ‐ IEM OPS 1.243: renamed as AC OPS 1.243. ‐ Under the newly renamed AC OPS 1.243: Replacement of “shall” by “should” and
replacement of “Avdanced RNP Navigation” by “RNP Navigation”. ‐ CAR‐OPS 1.1050: replacement of “The operator shall assure that Operations Manuals
part B that is refered to Manufacture documentation are kept up‐to‐date.” by “The operator shall ensure that Operations Manuals part B referring to Manufacture documentation is kept up‐to‐date.”
‐ CAR‐OPS 1.830: title changed and CAR‐OPS 1.830(d) amended. ‐ AMC OPS 1.866: replacement of all “shall” by “should”. ‐ GM OPS 1.160: added ‐ Subpart Q: as per track bars (track bars are raised against Issue 03 Revision 00)
Issue: 04 Page 7 of 498 Issue Date: October 2015 Rev.: 01 Revision Date: January 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD 2
RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND DATE OF EFFECTIVITY ...................................................... 3
HIGHLIGHTS OF LATEST CHANGES ........................................................................................ 4
SUB PART A. APPLICABILITY ............................................................................................... 17
CAR–OPS 1.001 Applicability ................................................................................................. 17
CAR–OPS 1.002 Reserved ...................................................................................................... 17
CAR–OPS 1.003 Terminology ................................................................................................. 17
SUB PART B. GENERAL ......................................................................................................... 19
CAR–OPS 1.005 General ........................................................................................................ 19
CAR–OPS 1.010 Exemptions .................................................................................................. 20
CAR–OPS 1.015 Operational Directives .................................................................................. 20
CAR–OPS 1.020 Laws, Regulations and Procedures – Operator’s Responsibilities .................... 20
CAR–OPS 1.025 Common Language ....................................................................................... 20
CAR–OPS 1.030 Minimum Equipment Lists – Operator’s Responsibilities ................................ 21
CAR‐OPS 1.035 Quality system .............................................................................................. 21
CAR‐OPS 1.037 Safety Management System .......................................................................... 30
CAR–OPS 1.040 Additional crew members ............................................................................. 46
CAR–OPS 1.045 Reserved ...................................................................................................... 46
CAR–OPS 1.050 Search and rescue information ...................................................................... 46
CAR–OPS 1.055 Information on emergency and survival equipment carried ........................... 46
CAR–OPS 1.060 Ditching ........................................................................................................ 46
CAR–OPS 1.065 Carriage of weapons of war and munitions of war ......................................... 46
CAR–OPS 1.070 Carriage of sporting weapons and ammunition ............................................. 47
CAR–OPS 1.075 Method of carriage of persons ...................................................................... 48
CAR–OPS 1.080 Duties of flight operations officer/flight dispatcher ....................................... 48
CAR–OPS 1.085 Crew responsibilities .................................................................................... 48
CAR–OPS 1.090 Authority of the commander ......................................................................... 50
CAR–OPS 1.095 Authority to taxi an aeroplane ...................................................................... 50
CAR–OPS 1.100 Admission to flight deck ............................................................................... 50
CAR–OPS 1.105 Unauthorised carriage .................................................................................. 51
CAR–OPS 1.110 Portable electronic devices ........................................................................... 51
CAR–OPS 1.115 Physchoactive substances ............................................................................. 54
CAR–OPS 1.120 Endangering safety ....................................................................................... 54
CAR–OPS 1.125 Documents to be carried ............................................................................... 54
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CAR–OPS 1.130 Manuals to be carried ................................................................................... 55
CAR–OPS 1.135 Additional information and forms to be carried ............................................. 55
CAR–OPS 1.140 Information retained on the ground .............................................................. 56
CAR–OPS 1.145 Power to inspect........................................................................................... 56
CAR–OPS 1.150 Production of documentation and records .................................................... 57
CAR–OPS 1.155 Preservation of documentation ..................................................................... 57
CAR–OPS 1.160 Preservation, production and use of flight recorder recordings ...................... 57
CAR–OPS 1.165 Leasing ......................................................................................................... 58
CAR‐ OPS 1.170 Reserved ...................................................................................................... 63
Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.005(a) Operations of performance Class B aeroplanes. ................... 64
Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.125 Documents to be carried ......................................................... 72
Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.135 Additional information and forms to be carried ....................... 72
SUB PART C. OPERATOR CERTIFICATION AND SUPERVISION ......................................... 73
CAR–OPS 1.175 General rules for Air Operator Certification/Authorisation ............................ 73
CAR–OPS 1.180 Issue, variation and continued validity of an AOC/Authorisation ................... 77
CAR–OPS 1.185 Administrative requirements ........................................................................ 78
CAR–OPS 1.190 Reserved ...................................................................................................... 78
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.175 Contents and conditions of the Air Operator Certificate .......... 79
Appendix 2 to CAR–OPS 1.175 Management & organisation of an AOC/Authority holder ....... 83
SUB PART D. OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES ....................................................................... 85
CAR–OPS 1.195 Operational Control ...................................................................................... 85
CAR–OPS 1.200 Operations manual ....................................................................................... 85
CAR–OPS 1.205 Competence of operations personnel ............................................................ 85
CAR–OPS 1.210 Establishment of procedures ......................................................................... 85
CAR–OPS 1.215 Use of Air Traffic Services ............................................................................. 88
CAR‐OPS 1.216 In‐flight Operational Instructions ................................................................... 88
CAR–OPS 1.220 Authorisation of Aerodromes by the Operator .............................................. 88
CAR–OPS 1.225 Aerodrome Operating Minima ...................................................................... 89
CAR–OPS 1.230 Instrument departure and approach procedures ........................................... 89
CAR–OPS 1.235 Noise abatement procedures ........................................................................ 90
CAR–OPS 1.240 Routes and areas of operation ...................................................................... 90
CAR‐OPS 1.241 Operation in defined airspace with RVSM ...................................................... 90
CAR‐OPS 1.243 Operations in areas with specified navigation performance requirements ...... 91
CAR‐OPS 1.245 Two‐engined aeroplanes without ETOPS Approval ......................................... 91
CAR‐OPS 1.246 Extended range operations with two‐engined aeroplanes (ETOPS) ................. 97
CAR–OPS 1.250 Establishment of minimum flight altitudes .................................................... 97
CAR–OPS 1.255 Fuel policy .................................................................................................. 101
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CAR–OPS 1.260 Carriage of Persons with Reduced Mobility ................................................. 106
CAR–OPS 1.265 Carriage of inadmissible passengers, deportees or persons in custody ......... 107
CAR–OPS 1.270 Stowage of baggage and cargo .................................................................... 107
CAR–OPS 1.275 Reserved .................................................................................................... 108
CAR–OPS 1.280 Passenger Seating ....................................................................................... 108
CAR–OPS 1.285 Passenger briefing ...................................................................................... 108
CAR–OPS 1.290 Flight preparation ....................................................................................... 110
CAR–OPS 1.295 Selection of aerodromes ............................................................................. 110
CAR–OPS 1.297 Planning minima for IFR flights ................................................................... 111
CAR–OPS 1.300 Submission of ATS Flight Plan ..................................................................... 115
CAR–OPS 1.305 Refuelling/defuelling with passengers ......................................................... 115
CAR‐OPS 1.307 Refuelling/Defuelling with wide‐cut fuel ...................................................... 115
CAR‐OPS 1.308 Push back and Towing ................................................................................. 116
CAR–OPS 1.310 Crew Members at stations .......................................................................... 117
CAR‐OPS 1.313 Use of headset ............................................................................................ 119
CAR–OPS 1.315 Assisting means for emergency evacuation ................................................. 119
CAR–OPS 1.320 Seats, safety belts and harnesses ................................................................ 119
CAR–OPS 1.325 Securing of passenger cabin and galley(s) .................................................... 120
CAR –OPS 1.327 Safeguarding of cabin crew and passengers ................................................ 120
CAR–OPS 1.330 Accessibility of emergency equipment ........................................................ 120
CAR–OPS 1.335 Smoking on board ....................................................................................... 120
CAR–OPS 1.340 Meteorological Conditions .......................................................................... 120
CAR–OPS 1.345 Ice and other contaminants – ground procedures ........................................ 121
CAR–OPS 1.346 Ice and other contaminants – flight procedures ........................................... 129
CAR–OPS 1.350 Fuel and oil supply ...................................................................................... 130
CAR–OPS 1.355 Take‐off conditions ..................................................................................... 130
CAR–OPS 1.360 Application of take‐off minima ................................................................... 131
CAR–OPS 1.365 Minimum flight altitudes ............................................................................ 131
CAR–OPS 1.370 Simulated abnormal situations in flight ....................................................... 131
CAR–OPS 1.375 In‐flight fuel management .......................................................................... 131
CAR–OPS 1.380 Reserved .................................................................................................... 132
CAR–OPS 1.385 Use of supplemental oxygen ....................................................................... 132
CAR–OPS 1.390 Cosmic radiation ......................................................................................... 132
CAR–OPS 1.395 Ground proximity detection ........................................................................ 134
CAR–OPS 1.398 Use of Airborne Collision Avoidance System (ACAS) .................................... 134
CAR–OPS 1.400 Approach and landing conditions ................................................................ 135
CAR–OPS 1.405 Commencement and continuation of approach ........................................... 135
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CAR–OPS 1.410 Operating procedures – Threshold crossing height ...................................... 136
CAR–OPS 1.415 Journey log ................................................................................................. 136
CAR–OPS 1.420 Occurrence reporting .................................................................................. 136
CAR‐OPS 1.425 Deficiencies reported by an Inspecting Authority ......................................... 139
Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.255 Fuel Policy ............................................................................ 140
Appendix 2 to CAR‐OPS 1.255 Location of the 3% EnRoute Alternate (3%ERA) aerodrome for the purpose of reducing contingency fuel to 3% .................................................................. 144
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.270 Stowage of baggage and cargo .............................................. 146
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.305 Refuelling/defuelling with passengers embarking, on board or disembarking ...................................................................................................................... 147
SUB PART E. ALL WEATHER OPERATIONS ...................................................................... 148
CAR–OPS 1.430 Aerodrome Operating Minima – General ..................................................... 148
CAR–OPS 1.435 Terminology ............................................................................................... 156
CAR–OPS 1.440 Low visibility operations – General operating rules ..................................... 158
CAR–OPS 1.445 Low visibility operations – Aerodrome considerations ................................. 160
CAR–OPS 1.450 Low visibility operations – Training and Qualifications ................................ 160
CAR–OPS 1.455 Low visibility operations – Operating Procedures ........................................ 177
CAR–OPS 1.460 Low visibility operations – Minimum equipment ......................................... 178
CAR–OPS 1.465 VFR Operating minima ................................................................................ 178
Appendix 1 Old and New to CAR–OPS 1.430 Aerodrome Operating Minima ......................... 179
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.440 Low Visibility Operations – General Operating Rules ............. 194
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.450 Low Visibility Operations – Training & Qualifications ............ 197
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.455 Low Visibility Operations – Operating procedures ................. 205
Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.465 Minimum Visibilities for VFR Operations ............................... 207
SUB PART F. PERFORMANCE GENERAL ........................................................................... 208
CAR–OPS 1.470 Applicability ............................................................................................... 208
CAR–OPS 1.475 General ...................................................................................................... 208
CAR–OPS 1.480 Terminology ............................................................................................... 209
SUB PART G. PERFORMANCE CLASS A ............................................................................ 211
CAR–OPS 1.485 General ...................................................................................................... 211
CAR–OPS 1.490 Take‐off ...................................................................................................... 213
CAR–OPS 1.495 Take‐off obstacle clearance ........................................................................ 214
CAR–OPS 1.500 En‐route – One Engine Inoperative .............................................................. 217
CAR–OPS 1.505 En‐route – Two Engines Inoperative ............................................................ 218
CAR–OPS 1.510 Landing – Destination And Alternate Aerodromes ....................................... 219
CAR–OPS 1.515 Landing – Dry Runways ............................................................................... 220
CAR–OPS 1.520 Landing – Wet and contaminated runways .................................................. 221
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Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.495(c)(3) Approval of increased bank angles ................................ 222
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.515(a)(3) Steep Approach Procedures .......................................... 223
Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.515(a)(4) Short Landing Operations .............................................. 224
Appendix 2 to CAR‐OPS 1.515(a)(4) Airfield Criteria for Short Landing Operations ................ 225
SUB PART H. PERFORMANCE CLASS B ............................................................................ 226
CAR–OPS 1.525 General ...................................................................................................... 226
CAR–OPS 1.530 Take‐off ...................................................................................................... 226
CAR–OPS 1.535 Take‐off Obstacle Clearance – Multi‐Engined Aeroplanes ............................ 228
CAR–OPS 1.540 En‐Route – Multi‐engined aeroplanes ......................................................... 233
CAR–OPS 1.542 En‐Route – Single‐engine aeroplanes .......................................................... 233
CAR–OPS 1.545 Landing – Destination and Alternate Aerodromes ....................................... 234
CAR–OPS 1.550 Landing – Dry runway ................................................................................. 234
CAR–OPS 1.555 Landing – Wet and Contaminated Runways ................................................. 236
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.525(b) General ............................................................................ 238
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.535(b)(1) & (c)(1) Take‐off Flight Path ......................................... 240
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.550(a) Steep Approach Procedures .............................................. 241
Appendix 2 to CAR‐OPS 1.550(a) Short Landing Operations .................................................. 242
SUB PART I. PERFORMANCE CLASS C ............................................................................ 243
CAR–OPS 1.560 General ...................................................................................................... 243
CAR–OPS 1.565 Take‐off ...................................................................................................... 243
CAR–OPS 1.570 Take‐off Obstacle Clearance ........................................................................ 247
CAR–OPS 1.575 En‐Route – All Engines Operating ................................................................ 249
CAR–OPS 1.580 En‐Route – One Engine Inoperative ............................................................. 249
CAR–OPS 1.585 En‐Route –Two Engines Inoperative ............................................................ 250
CAR–OPS 1.590 Landing – Destination and Alternate Aerodromes ....................................... 251
CAR–OPS 1.595 Landing – Dry Runways ............................................................................... 251
CAR–OPS 1.600 Landing – Wet and Contaminated Runways ................................................. 253
SUB PART J. MASS AND BALANCE ................................................................................... 254
CAR–OPS 1.605 General ...................................................................................................... 254
CAR–OPS 1.607 Terminology ............................................................................................... 255
CAR–OPS 1.610 Loading, mass and balance.......................................................................... 256
CAR–OPS 1.615 Mass values for crew .................................................................................. 256
CAR–OPS 1.620 Mass values for passengers and baggage ..................................................... 256
CAR–OPS 1.625 Mass and balance documentation ............................................................... 265
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.605 Mass and Balance – General ................................................. 267
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.620(f) Definition of the area for flights within the region ............. 270
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Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.620(g) Procedure for establishing revised standard mass values for passengers and baggage ...................................................................................................... 271
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.625 Mass and Balance Documentation ........................................ 273
SUB PART K. INSTRUMENTS AND EQUIPMENT ................................................................ 275
CAR–OPS 1.630 General introduction .................................................................................. 275
CAR–OPS 1.635 Circuit protection devices ........................................................................... 277
CAR–OPS 1.640 Aeroplane operating lights .......................................................................... 277
CAR–OPS 1.645 Windshield wipers ...................................................................................... 277
CAR–OPS 1.650 Day VFR operations .................................................................................... 277
CAR–OPS 1.652 IFR or night operations – ............................................................................. 279
CAR–OPS 1.653 GNSS .......................................................................................................... 283
CAR–OPS 1.655 Additional equipment for single pilot operation under IFR .......................... 283
CAR–OPS 1.660 Altitude alerting system .............................................................................. 283
CAR–OPS 1.665 Ground proximity warning system and terrain awareness warning system... 284
CAR‐OPS 1.668 Airborne Collision Avoidance System ........................................................... 284
CAR–OPS 1.670 Airborne weather radar equipment and Winshear warning system .............. 285
CAR–OPS 1.675 Equipment for operations in icing conditions .............................................. 285
CAR–OPS 1.680 Cosmic radiation detection equipment ........................................................ 286
CAR–OPS 1.685 Flight crew interphone system .................................................................... 286
CAR–OPS 1.690 Crew member interphone system ............................................................... 286
CAR–OPS 1.695 Public address system ................................................................................. 287
CAR–OPS 1.700 Cockpit voice recorders–1 ........................................................................... 288
CAR–OPS 1.705 Cockpit voice recorders–2 ........................................................................... 289
CAR–OPS 1.710 Cockpit voice recorders–3 ........................................................................... 290
CAR–OPS 1.715 Flight data recorders–1 ............................................................................... 290
CAR–OPS 1.720 Flight data recorders–2 ............................................................................... 292
CAR–OPS 1.725 Flight data recorders–3 ............................................................................... 293
CAR‐OPS 1.727 Combination Recorder ................................................................................. 297
CAR–OPS 1.730 Seats, seat safety belts, harnesses and child restraint devices ..................... 297
CAR–OPS 1.731 Fasten Seat belt and No Smoking signs ........................................................ 298
CAR–OPS 1.735 Internal doors and curtains ......................................................................... 298
CAR–OPS 1.740 Placards ..................................................................................................... 298
CAR–OPS 1.745 First‐Aid Kits ............................................................................................... 299
CAR–OPS 1.750 Universal Precaution Kit ............................................................................. 301
CAR–OPS 1.755 Emergency Medical Kit ............................................................................... 302
CAR–OPS 1.760 First‐aid oxygen .......................................................................................... 303
CAR–OPS 1.765 Reserved .................................................................................................... 304
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CAR–OPS 1.770 Supplemental oxygen – pressurised aeroplanes .......................................... 304
CAR–OPS 1.775 Supplemental oxygen – Non‐pressurised aeroplanes ................................... 307
CAR–OPS 1.780 Crew Protective Breathing Equipment ......................................................... 307
CAR–OPS 1.785 HUD or Equivalent Displays ......................................................................... 308
CAR–OPS 1.790 Fire extinguishers ....................................................................................... 308
CAR–OPS 1.795 Crash axes and crowbars ............................................................................. 310
CAR–OPS 1.800 Marking of break‐in points .......................................................................... 310
CAR–OPS 1.805 Means for emergency evacuation ............................................................... 310
CAR–OPS 1.810 Megaphones ............................................................................................... 311
CAR–OPS 1.815 Emergency lighting ..................................................................................... 311
CAR–OPS 1.820 Emergency Locator Transmitter .................................................................. 312
CAR–OPS 1.825 Life Jackets ................................................................................................. 313
CAR–OPS 1.830 Extended overwater flights ......................................................................... 314
CAR–OPS 1.835 Survival equipment ..................................................................................... 315
CAR–OPS 1.840 Seaplanes and amphibians – Miscellaneous equipment ............................... 316
Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.715 Flight data recorders ‐ 1 ‐ List of parameters to be recorded .. 317
Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.720 Flight data recorders ‐ 2 ‐ List of parameters to be recorded .. 320
Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.725 Flight data recorders ‐ 3 ‐ List of parameters to be recorded .. 321
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.770 Supplemental Oxygen Minimum Requirements ..................... 322
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.775 Supplemental Oxygen for non‐pressurised Aeroplanes .......... 323
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.785 HUD, VS or Equivalent .......................................................... 327
SUB PART L. COMMUNICATION AND NAVIGATION EQUIPMENT .................................... 338
CAR–OPS 1.845 General introduction .................................................................................. 338
CAR–OPS 1.850 Radio Equipment ........................................................................................ 339
CAR–OPS 1.855 Audio Selector Panel ................................................................................... 339
CAR–OPS 1.860 Radio equipment for VFR routes navigated by reference to visual landmarks ..... .......................................................................................................................... 340
CAR–OPS 1.865 Communication and Navigation equipment for operations under IFR, or under VFR over routes not navigated by reference to visual landmarks .......................................... 340
CAR‐OPS 1.866 Transponder equipment .............................................................................. 342
CAR‐OPS 1.867 ADS‐B (OUT and IN) ..................................................................................... 345
CAR–OPS 1.870 Additional navigation equipment for operations in MNPS airspace .............. 346
CAR‐OPS 1.872 Equipment for operation in defined airspace with RVSM .............................. 346
SUB PART M. AEROPLANE MAINTENANCE ....................................................................... 347
SUB PART N. FLIGHT CREW ................................................................................................ 348
CAR–OPS 1.940 Composition of Flight Crew ......................................................................... 348
CAR‐OPS 1.941 Initial training ............................................................................................. 349
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CAR‐OPS 1.943 Initial Operator’s Crew Resource Management (CRM) training ..................... 350
CAR–OPS 1.945 Conversion training and checking ................................................................ 350
CAR–OPS 1.950 Differences training and Familiarisation training ......................................... 358
CAR–OPS 1.955 Nomination as commander ......................................................................... 359
CAR–OPS 1.960 Commanders holding a Commercial Pilot Licence ........................................ 359
CAR–OPS 1.965 Recurrent training and checking .................................................................. 360
CAR–OPS 1.968 Pilot qualification to operate in either pilot’s seat ....................................... 363
CAR–OPS 1.970 Recent experience ...................................................................................... 364
CAR–OPS 1.975 Route and Aerodrome Competence qualification ........................................ 364
CAR–OPS 1.978 Alternative Training and Qualification Programme ...................................... 366
CAR–OPS 1.980 Operation on more than one type or variant ............................................... 372
CAR‐OPS 1.981 Operation of helicopters and aeroplanes ..................................................... 380
CAR–OPS 1.985 Training records ......................................................................................... 380
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.940 In‐flight relief of flight crew members ................................... 381
Appendix 2 to CAR–OPS 1.940 Single pilot operations under IFR or at night ......................... 382
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.945 Operator’s Conversion Course .............................................. 383
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.965 Recurrent training and checking – Pilots ............................... 384
Appendix 2 to CAR–OPS 1.965 Recurrent training and checking – System Panel Operators ... 388
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.968 Pilot qualification to operate in either pilot’s seat ................. 389
Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.978 Alternative Training and Qualification Programme................. 390
Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.980 Operation on more than one type or variant .......................... 392
SUB PART O. CABIN CREW ................................................................................................. 394
CAR–OPS 1.988Applicability ................................................................................................ 394
CAR‐OPS 1.989 Terminology ................................................................................................ 394
CAR–OPS 1.990 Number and composition of cabin crew ...................................................... 394
CAR–OPS 1.995 Minimum requirements .............................................................................. 396
CAR‐OPS 1.996 Single cabin crew operations ....................................................................... 396
CAR–OPS 1.1000 Senior cabin crew members ...................................................................... 397
CAR–OPS 1.1005 Initial training ........................................................................................... 398
CAR–OPS 1.1010 Conversion and Differences training .......................................................... 398
CAR–OPS 1.1012 Familiarisation .......................................................................................... 399
CAR–OPS 1.1015 Recurrent training .................................................................................... 400
CAR–OPS 1.1020 Refresher training ..................................................................................... 404
CAR–OPS 1.1025 Checking ................................................................................................... 406
CAR–OPS 1.1030 Operation on more than three type or variant ........................................... 406
CAR–OPS 1.1035 Training records ........................................................................................ 408
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.1005 Initial training ..................................................................... 409
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Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.1010 Conversion and Differences training .................................... 412
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.1015 Recurrent training .............................................................. 415
Appendix 2 to CAR‐OPS 1.1005/1.1010/1.1015 Training ....................................................... 417
Appendix 3 to CAR‐OPS 1.1005/1.1010/1.1015 Medical Aspects and First Aid Training ......... 419
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.1020 Refresher training ............................................................... 420
SUB PART P. MANUALS, LOGS AND RECORDS ................................................................ 421
CAR–OPS 1.1040 General Rules for Operations Manuals ...................................................... 421
CAR–OPS 1.1045 Operations Manual – structure and contents ............................................. 429
CAR–OPS 1.1050 Aeroplane Flight Manual ........................................................................... 440
CAR–OPS 1.1055 Journey log ............................................................................................... 441
CAR–OPS 1.1060 Operational flight plan .............................................................................. 442
CAR–OPS 1.1065 Document storage periods ....................................................................... 443
CAR–OPS 1.1070 Operator’s Continuous Airworthiness Management Exposition .................. 443
CAR–OPS 1.1071 Aeroplane Technical Log ........................................................................... 443
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.1045 Operations Manual Contents .............................................. 444
Appendix 1 to CAR–OPS 1.1065 Document storage periods .................................................. 461
SUB PART Q. FLIGHT/DUTY TIME AND REST REQUIREMENTS ....................................... 463
CAR‐OPS 1.1100 Applicability .............................................................................................. 463
CAR–OPS 1.1105 General principles ..................................................................................... 463
CAR‐OPS 1.1110 Terminologies ........................................................................................... 463
CAR–OPS 1.1115 Responsibilities of operator and crew members ........................................ 465
CAR–OPS 1.1120 Standard provisions applicable to a scheme .............................................. 466
AC/AMC/IEM B- GM1 to 1.1120(d): ...................................................................................... 466 AC/AMC/IEM C- AMC1 to 1.1120(d): for Air Carriers ......................................................... 468 AC/AMC/IEM D- AMC2 to 1.1120(d): for non-scheduled and private operators ............... 469
CAR‐OPS 1.1125 Absolute Limits on Flying Time and Duty Period ......................................... 469
CAR‐OPS 1.1126 Duty cycle and days off .............................................................................. 470
CAR–OPS 1.1127 Other considerations ................................................................................ 470
AC/AMC/IEM E- AC CAR-OPS 1.1127(c)(iii) ........................................................................ 477 AC/AMC/IEM F- IEM CAR-OPS 1.1127(e)(i) ......................................................................... 477
CAR–OPS 1.1130 Reserved .................................................................................................. 477
CAR–OPS 1.1135 Cabin crew requirements .......................................................................... 477
CAR–OPS 1.1140 Records to be maintained ......................................................................... 479
SUB PART R. TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS BY AIR .......................................... 483
CAR–OPS 1.1145 General .................................................................................................... 483
CAR–OPS 1.1150 Terminology ............................................................................................. 483
CAR–OPS 1.1155 Approval to Transport Dangerous Goods ................................................... 485
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CAR–OPS 1.1160 Scope ...................................................................................................... 485
CAR–OPS 1.1165 Limitations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods ..................................... 488
CAR–OPS 1.1190 Reserved .................................................................................................. 489
CAR–OPS 1.1195 Acceptance of Dangerous Goods ............................................................... 489
CAR–OPS 1.1200 Inspection for Damage, Leakage or Contamination .................................... 490
CAR–OPS 1.1205 Removal of Contamination ........................................................................ 490
CAR–OPS 1.1210Loading Restrictions .................................................................................. 491
CAR–OPS 1.1215 Provision of Information ........................................................................... 491
CAR–OPS 1.1220 Training programmes ................................................................................ 493
CAR–OPS 1.1225 Dangerous Goods Incident and Accident Reports ....................................... 495
Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.1225 Dangerous goods incident and accident reports ................... 496
CAR–OPS 1.1230 Reserved .................................................................................................. 496
SUB PART S. SECURITY ...................................................................................................... 497
CAR‐OPS 1.1235 Security requirements ............................................................................... 497
CAR‐OPS 1.1240 Training programmes ................................................................................ 497
CAR‐OPS 1.1245 Reporting acts of unlawful interference ..................................................... 497
CAR‐OPS 1.1250 Aeroplane search procedure checklist ........................................................ 497
CAR‐OPS 1.1255 Flight crew compartment security .............................................................. 497
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CAR‐OPS 1
SUB PART A. APPLICABILITY
CAR–OPS 1.001 Applicability
(a) CAR–OPS 1 prescribes requirements applicable to the operation of any civil aeroplane for the purpose of commercial air transportation by any operator whose principal place of business is in the United Arab Emirates; and
(b) For private operators, except where exempted.
CAR–OPS 1.002 Reserved CAR–OPS 1.003 Terminology
Terms used in this Subpart and not defined in CAR–1 have the following meaning:
(a) Air Transport Operator. An Air Transport Operator is a commercial operator of an aeroplane
engaged in transportation of passengers, cargo and mail for remuneration or hire offering service to the public on demand and not to a published schedule.
(b) Air Carrier. An Air Carrier is a commercial operator of an aeroplane engaged in the
transportation of passengers, cargo and mail for remuneration or hire and offering services to the public in accordance with a published schedule.
(c) Commercial Activities. Unless otherwise specified by the Authority, the following operations are categorized as commercial operations;
(1) Sightseeing flights ( A to A or A to B within UAE airspace );
(2) Aerial work operations, including:
(i) Agricultural operations (ii) External load operations (iii) Aerial photography and survey (a) Aerial reconnaissance (iv) Aerial advertising (v) Air shows and aerial demonstrations (vi) Carriage and dropping of parachutists (operator of aircraft) (vii) Navigation aid calibration (viii) Other activities as determined by the Authority.
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(d) Operator. An operator means a person, organisation or enterprise engaged in or offering to engage in an aeroplane operation. The definition, as used in this Part, applies to Private and Commercial operators as applicable.
(e) Private Operator. Private operator means a person, organisation or enterprise engaged in the
carriage of persons or cargo not for hire or reward.
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SUB PART B. GENERAL
CAR–OPS 1.005 General
(a) An operator shall not operate an aeroplane for the purpose of commercial air transportation other than in accordance with CAR–OPS Part 1. For operations of Performance Class B aeroplanes; alleviated requirements, can be found in Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.005(a).
(b) An operator regulated under this regulation shall comply with the requirements of CAR‐M of CAR Part V.
(c) Each aeroplane shall be operated in compliance with the terms of its Certificate of Airworthiness and within the approved limitations contained in its Aeroplane Flight Manual.
(d) All Synthetic Training Devices (STD), such as Flight Simulators or Flight Training Devices (FTD), replacing an aeroplane for training and/or checking purposes are to be qualified in accordance with CAR‐STD requirements and user approved by the Authority for the exercises to be conducted.
AC to Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.005 (a) Operations of performance class B aeroplanes See Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.005(a) (See Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.005(a) Operations of performance Class B aeroplanes.)
1 CAR‐OPS 1.037; Safety Management System; For operations of performance class B aeroplanes, a simplified programme is sufficient which may
consist of the following. Collecting case based material (such as accident reports relating to the type of operation) and
submit/distribute that information material to the crew members concerned; or Collection and use of information from flight safety seminars (such as AOPA flight safety seminars
etc.)
2 Appendix 2 to CAR‐OPS 1.175; The management and organisation of an AOC holder
Supervision ‐ The supervision of personnel may be undertaken by the appropriate nominated postholder(s) subject to time available.
3 CAR M; Technical Log
4 CAR‐OPS 1.1070; CAME –Continuous Airworthiness Management Exposition:
The CAME can be simplified as relevant to the operation to be conducted.
5 Subpart R; Transport of Dangerous goods by air
CAR‐OPS 1.1145, 1.1155, 1.1160, 1.1165, 1.1215, 1.1220 and 1.1225 are applicable to all operators. The remainder of this Subpart applies only when the operator seeks or holds an approval to carry dangerous goods.
6 Subpart S; Security
CAR‐OPS 1.1235 ‐ Security requirements are applicable when operating in states where the national security programme applies to the operations covered in this Subpart.
CAR‐OPS 1.1240 ‐ Training programmes shall be adapted to the kind of operations performed. A self‐study training programme may be acceptable for VFR operations.
7 Appendix 1 to CAR‐OPS 1.005(a), subparagraph (a)(3)
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Civil twilight ends in the evening when the centre of the sun's disc is 6 degrees below the horizon and begins in the morning when the centre of the sun's disc is 6 degrees below the horizon.
8 CAR‐OPS 1.290(b)(2)
Where a Configuration Deviation List (CDL) is provided for aeroplanes of this size, it is included in the Aeroplane Flight Manual (AFM) or an equivalent document.
CAR–OPS 1.010 Exemptions
The Authority may exceptionally grant an exemption from the provisions of CAR–OPS 1 when satisfied that there is a need and, subject to compliance with any supplementary condition the Authority considers necessary in order to ensure an acceptable level of safety in the particular case.
CAR–OPS 1.015 Operational Directives
(a) The Authority may direct by means of an Operational Directive that an operation shall be prohibited, limited or subject to certain conditions, in the interests of safe operations.
(b) Operational Directives state:
(1) The reason for issue; (2) Applicability and duration; and (3) Action required by the operator(s).
(c) Operational Directives are supplementary to the provisions of CAR–OPS 1.
CAR–OPS 1.020 Laws, Regulations and Procedures – Operator’s Responsibilities
(a) An operator must ensure that:
(1) All employees are made aware that they shall comply with the laws, regulations and procedures of those States in which operations are conducted and which are pertinent to the performance of their duties; and
(2) All crew members are familiar with the laws, regulations and procedures pertinent to the performance of their duties.
CAR–OPS 1.025 Common Language
(a) An operator must ensure that all crew members can communicate in a common language.
(b) An operator must ensure that all operations personnel are able to understand the language in which those parts of the Operations Manual which pertain to their duties and responsibilities are written.
(c) Aeroplane pilots who are required to use the radio telephone aboard an aircraft shall demonstrate the ability to speak and understand the English language as used for radiotelephony communications.
(d) As of 05 March, 2008, aeroplane pilots, shall demonstrate the ability to speak and understand
the English language to the level specified in the language proficiency requirements in ICAO Annex 1, Appendix.
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(e) As of 05 March, 2008, the language proficiency of aeroplane pilots, who demonstrate proficiency
below the Expert Level (Level 6) as stated in the ICAO Annex 1, Appendix, shall be formally evaluated at intervals in accordance with an individual’s demonstrated proficiency level, as follows:
(1) those demonstrating proficiency at the Operational Level (Level 4) shall be evaluated once
every three years; and
(2) those demonstrating proficiency at the Extended Level (Level 5) shall be evaluated once every six years.
CAR–OPS 1.030 Minimum Equipment Lists – Operator’s Responsibilities
(a) An operator shall establish, for each aeroplane, a Minimum Equipment List (MEL) approved by the Authority. This shall be based upon, but no less restrictive than, the relevant Master Minimum Equipment List (MMEL) (if this exists) accepted by the Authority.
(b) An operator shall not operate an aeroplane other than in accordance with the MEL unless permitted by the Authority. Any such permission will in no circumstances permit operation outside the constraints of the MMEL.
CAR‐OPS 1.035 Quality system (See AMC OPS 1.035 and IEM OPS 1.035)
(a) An operator shall establish one Quality System and designate one Quality Manager to monitor compliance with, and the adequacy of, procedures required to ensure safe operational practices and airworthy aeroplanes. Compliance monitoring must include a feed‐back system to the Accountable Manager (See also CAR‐OPS 1.175(h)) to ensure corrective action as necessary.
(b) The Quality System must include a Quality Assurance Programme that contains procedures designed to verify that all operations are being conducted in accordance with all applicable requirements, standards and procedures.
(c) The Quality System and the Quality Manager must be acceptable to the Authority.
(d) The quality system must be described in relevant documentation.
(e) Notwithstanding sub‐paragraph (a) above, the Authority may accept the nomination of two Quality Managers, one for operations and one for maintenance, provided that the operator has designated one Quality Management Unit to ensure that the Quality System is applied uniformly throughout the entire operation.
AMC OPS 1.035 Quality ‐ System See CAR‐OPS 1.035 Quality system
1 Introduction
1.1 In order to show compliance with CAR‐OPS 1.035, an operator should establish his Quality System in accordance with the instructions and information contained in the following paragraphs:
2 General
2.1 Terminology
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a. The terms used in the context of the requirement for an operator’s Quality System have the following meanings:
i. Accountable Manager. The person acceptable to the Authority who has corporate authority for ensuring that all operations and maintenance activities can be financed and carried out to the standard required by the Authority, and any additional requirements defined by the operator.
ii. Quality Assurance. All those planned and systematic actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that operational and maintenance practices satisfy given requirements.
iii. Quality Manager. The manager, acceptable to the Authority, responsible for the management of the Quality System, monitoring function and requesting corrective actions.
2.2 Quality Policy
2.2.1 An operator should establish a formal written Quality Policy Statement that is a commitment by the Accountable Manager as to what the Quality System is intended to achieve. The Quality Policy should reflect the achievement and continued compliance with CAR‐OPS 1 together with any additional standards specified by the operator.
2.2.2 The Accountable Manager is an essential part of the AOC holder’s management organisation. With regard to the text in CAR‐OPS 1.175 (h) and the above terminology, the term ‘Accountable Manager’ is intended to mean the Chief Executive / President / Managing Director / Director General / General Manager etc. of the operator’s organisation, who by virtue of his position has overall responsibility (including financial) for managing the organisation .
2.2.3 The Accountable Manager will have overall responsibility for the Quality System including the frequency, format and structure of the internal management evaluation activities as prescribed in paragraph 4.9 below.
2.3 Purpose of the Quality System
2.3.1 The Quality System should enable the operator to monitor compliance with CAR‐OPS 1, the Operations Manual, the Operator's Continuous Airworthiness Management Exposition, and any other standards specified by that operator, or the Authority, to ensure safe operations and airworthy aircraft.
2.4 Quality Manager
2.4.1 The function of the Quality Manager to monitor compliance with, and the adequacy of, procedures required to ensure safe operational practices and airworthy aeroplanes, as required by CAR‐OPS 1.035(a), may be carried out by more than one person by means of different, but complementary, Quality Assurance Programmes.
2.4.2 The primary role of the Quality Manager is to verify, by monitoring activity in the fields of flight operations, maintenance, crew training and ground operations, that the standards required by the Authority, and any additional requirements defined by the operator, are being carried out under the supervision of the relevant Nominated Postholder.
2.4.3 The Quality Manager should be responsible for ensuring that the Quality Assurance Programme is properly established, implemented and maintained.
2.4.4 The Quality Manager should:
a. Have direct access to the Accountable Manager;
b. Not be one of the nominated post holders; and
c. Have access to all parts of the operator’s and, as necessary, any sub‐contractor’s organisation.
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2.4.5 In the case of small/very small operators (see paragraph 7.3 below), the posts of the Accountable Manager and the Quality Manager may be combined. However, in this event, quality audits should be conducted by independent personnel. In accordance with paragraph 2.4.4.b above, it will not be possible for the Accountable Manager to be one of the nominated postholders.
3 Quality System
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 The operator’s Quality System should ensure compliance with and adequacy of operational and maintenance activities requirements, standards and operational procedures.
3.1.2 The operator should specify the basic structure of the Quality System applicable to the operation.
3.1.3 The Quality System should be structured according to the size and complexity of the operation to be monitored (‘small operators’ see also paragraph 7 below).
3.2 Scope
3.2.1 As a minimum, the Quality System should address the following:
a. The provisions of CAR‐OPS;
b. The operator’s additional standards and operating procedures;
c. The operator’s Quality Policy;
d. The operator’s organisational structure;
e. Responsibility for the development, establishment and management of the Quality System;
f. Documentation, including manuals, reports and records;
g. Quality Procedures;
h. Quality Assurance Programme;
i. The required financial, material, and human resources;
j. Training requirements.
3.2.2 The quality system should include a feedback system to the Accountable Manager to ensure that corrective actions are both identified and promptly addressed. The feedback system should also specify who is required to rectify discrepancies and non‐compliance in each particular case, and the procedure to be followed if corrective action is not completed within an appropriate timescale.
3.3 Relevant Documentation
3.3.1 Relevant documentation includes the relevant part of the Operations Manual and the Operator’s Continous Airworthiness Management Exposition, which may be included in a separate Quality Manual.
3.3.2 In addition, relevant documentation should also include the following:
a. Quality Policy;
b. Terminology;
c. Specified operational standards;
d. A description of the organisation;
e. The allocation of duties and responsibilities;
f. Operational procedures to ensure regulatory compliance;
g. Safety Management System;
h. The Quality Assurance Programme, reflecting;
i. Schedule of the monitoring process;
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ii. Audit procedures;
iii. Reporting procedures;
iv. Follow‐up and corrective action procedures;
v. Recording system;
i. The training syllabus; and
j. Document control.
4 Quality Assurance Programme (See CAR‐OPS 1.035(b).)
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 The Quality Assurance Programme should include all planned and systematic actions necessary to provide confidence that all operations and maintenance are conducted in accordance with all applicable requirements, standards and operational procedures.
4.1.2 When establishing a Quality Assurance Programme, consideration should, at least, be given to the paragraphs 4.2 to 4.9 below:
4.2 Quality Inspection
4.2.1 The primary purpose of a quality inspection is to observe a particular event/action/document etc., in order to verify whether established operational procedures and requirements are followed during the accomplishment of that event and whether the required standard is achieved.
4.2.2 Typical subject areas for quality inspections are:
a. Actual flight operations;
b. Ground De‐icing/Anti‐icing;
c. Flight Support Services;
d. Load Control;
e. Maintenance;
f. Technical Standards; and
g. Training Standards.
4.3 Audit
4.3.1 An audit is a systematic, and independent comparison of the way in which an operation is being conducted against the way in which the published operational procedures say it should be conducted.
4.3.2 Audits should include at least the following quality procedures and processes:
a. A statement explaining the scope of the audit;
b. Planning and preparation;
c. Gathering and recording evidence; and
d. Analysis of the evidence.
4.3.3 Techniques which contribute to an effective audit are:
a. Interviews or discussions with personnel;
b. A review of published documents;
c. The examination of an adequate sample of records;
d. The witnessing of the activities which make up the operation; and
e. The preservation of documents and the recording of observations.
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4.4 Auditors
4.4.1 An operator should decide, depending on the complexity of the operation, whether to make use of a dedicated audit team or a single auditor. In any event, the auditor or audit team should have relevant operational and/or maintenance experience.
4.4.2 The responsibilities of the auditors should be clearly defined in the relevant documentation.
4.5 Auditor’s Independence
4.5.1 Auditors should not have any day‐to‐day involvement in the area of the operation and/or maintenance activity which is to be audited. An operator may, in addition to using the services of full‐time dedicated personnel belonging to a separate quality department, undertake the monitoring of specific areas or activities by the use of part‐time auditors. An operator whose structure and size does not justify the establishment of full‐time auditors, may undertake the audit function by the use of part‐time personnel from within his own organisation or from an external source under the terms of an agreement acceptable to the Authority. In all cases the operator should develop suitable procedures to ensure that persons directly responsible for the activities to be audited are not selected as part of the auditing team. Where external auditors are used, it is essential that any external specialist is familiar with the type of operation and/or maintenance conducted by the operator.
4.5.2 The operator’s Quality Assurance Programme should identify the persons within the company who have the experience, responsibility and authority to:
a. Perform quality inspections and audits as part of ongoing Quality Assurance;
b. Identify and record any concerns or findings, and the evidence necessary to substantiate such concerns or findings;
c. Initiate or recommend solutions to concerns or findings through designated reporting channels;
d. Verify the implementation of solutions within specific timescales;
e. Report directly to the Quality Manager.
4.6 Audit Scope
4.6.1 Operators are required to monitor compliance with the operational procedures they have designed to ensure safe operations, airworthy aircraft and the serviceability of both operational and safety equipment. In doing so they should as a minimum, and where appropriate, monitor:
a. Organisation;
b. Plans and Company objectives;
c. Operational Procedures;
d. Flight Safety;
e. Operator certification (AOC/Operations specification);
f. Supervision;
g. Aircraft Performance;
h. All Weather Operations;
i. Communications and Navigational Equipment and Practices;
j. Mass, Balance and Aircraft Loading;
k. Instruments and Safety Equipment;
l. Manuals, Logs, and Records;
m. Flight and Duty Time Limitations, Rest Requirements, and Scheduling;
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n. Aircraft Maintenance/Operations interface;
o. Use of the MEL;
p. Maintenance Programmes and Continued Airworthiness;
q. Airworthiness Directives management;
r. Maintenance Accomplishment;
s. Defect Deferral;
t. Flight Crew;
u. Cabin Crew;
v. Dangerous Goods;
w. Security;
x. Training.
4.7 Audit Scheduling
4.7.1 A Quality Assurance Programme should include a defined audit schedule and a periodic review cycle area by area. The schedule should be flexible, and allow unscheduled audits when trends are identified. Follow‐up audits should be scheduled when necessary to verify that corrective action was carried out and that it was effective.
4.7.2 An operator should establish a schedule of audits to be completed during a specified calendar period. All aspects of the operation should be reviewed within every period of 12 months in accordance with the programme unless an extension to the audit period is accepted as explained below. An operator may increase the frequency of audits at his discretion but should not decrease the frequency without the agreement of the Authority. It is considered unlikely that an interval between audits greater than 24 months would be acceptable for any audit topic.
4.7.3 When an operator defines the audit schedule, s
