Carbohydrate Counting and Basic Nutrition

An education program for the person with diabetesPresented by:

Lisa Cogbill, RD LD CDE

Objectives:Meal Planning

What is a Carbohydrate

Food Choices

Label Reading

Importance of Nutrition

Keeping the Body HealthyNutrition Management of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Healthy nutrition provides enough energy (or calories) for growth anddevelopment and allows for normal activities of daily living and exercise.

Meal planning is part of your everyday life.

The key to success is balancing: Food Insulin Exercise

Healthy choices with heart healthy meals are good for all individuals withand without diabetes.

The needs will vary with age, sex, weight, and activity level.

THE 3 FOOD GROUPS

CarbohydratesProteinsFats

Meal planning for type 1 diabetes is based on carbohydrates.Carbohydrates raise blood sugar. In people with type 1 diabetes, we giveinsulin based on the carbohydrates that are eaten.

The total amount of carbohydrates, protein, and fat in the meal plan will vary for individuals.

Protein

Protein is a part of every cell in the body. Protein is needed for growthand repair of the body. Important enzymes and hormones are also proteins.

Good sources of protein are:MeatsCheesesNut Butters

Both the amount and quality of the protein are important. Fortunately,most individuals in the United States eat enough protein.

All individuals need to include carbohydrate, fat, and protein in their diet.

For the person with type 1 diabetes, we focus on carbohydrates and knowing how many grams of carbohydrate we eat at meals and snacks.

Fats

Fats have an important role in a healthy meal plan.

For example, vitamins A, D, E, K and carotenoids are fat-soluble.This means that fat is required for their digestion and absorption.

Fats provide energy, which is important for individuals to growappropriately.

Fats keep the brain and nervous system functioning normally andhelp maintain healthy skin.

There are many different types of fat that have different effects oncholesterol and cardiovascular health.

Saturated Fat –They are found mainly in animal-based foodssuch as meat, poultry, butter, whole milk and whole milkproducts, and from coconut, palm and palm kernel oils.Monounsaturated Fat – Canola oil, olive oil, avocado oil and nutsPolyunsaturated Fats- Corn, safflower, soybean, sesame, sunflower, peanut, walnut, fish, and flaxseed oils

Eat RightCarbohydrates are the primary foods that affect

glucose levels.

Foods with Carbohydrates◦ Breads, crackers and cereals◦ Pasta, rice and grains◦ Starchy vegetables, such as potatoes, corn and peas◦ Non-starchy vegetables such as broccoli, salad greens and

carrots ◦ Milk and yogurt◦ Fruits and juices◦ Sweets and desserts

Straight to your blood stream

CARBOHYDRATE COUNTING Carbohydrate counting is important for meal planning

when you have diabetes.

Knowing how much carbohydrate you eat helps you determine how much insulin you will need.

Counting the total grams of carbohydrate in meals and snacks helps you eat about the same amount of food.

Eating the same amount of carbohydrate, but from different foods, have an effect on blood sugar.

MASTERING THE SYSTEMAfter you know what type of foods

contain carbohydrates you need to know exactly how much it contains.

Food labels, nutrient analysis apps and books, and learning portion sizes are all tools that can help you become accurate.

Tools and tips

Tools and Tips

Source: Adapted from Warshaw, H.S., Bolderman,K.M.: American Diabetes Association Practical Carbohydrate Counting: A How-To-Teach Guide for Health Professionals., Alexandria, Va., Copyright © 2001 American Diabetes Association.

Counting carbs: Check the label Serving Size: The portion

for which nutritional facts are calculated.

Total Carbohydrates: Includes grams of sugar, sugar alcohol, starch, dietary fiber.

Calculate a snack

How many carbs are in 4 crackers?4 crackers = 2

servings2 servings x 10 grams

per serving =20 grams of carbs

Your turn …

How much is one serving?

How many grams of carbs are in one serving?

If you eat one cup, how many carb exchanges is that?

YOUR TURN

How many grams of carbs in a 6 inch turkey sub?

How many carbs in 60 fries?

How many carbs in 1 cup of cooked green beans?

How many carbs in 1 cup raw broccoli?

How many carbs in 1 piece of bubble gum?

How many carbs in Moms homemade Chicken Pot Pie?

Chicken Pot Pie Recipe recipe makes 1 - 9 inch

pie 1 pound skinless, boneless

chicken breast halves 1 cup sliced carrots 1 cup frozen green peas 1/2 cup sliced celery 1/3 cup butter 1/3 cup chopped onion 1/3 cup all-purpose flour 1/2 teaspoon salt 1/4 teaspoon black pepper 1/4 teaspoon celery seed 1 3/4 cups chicken broth 2/3 cup milk   1 (9 inch) unbaked pie

crusts

Carb content in recipe 1 cup carrots – 5g 1cup peas – 30 g celery and onion– 5 grams 1/3 cup flour -30 grams 2/3 cup milk – 8 grams 1 pie crust -96 grams

Total Carbs = 174

Total serving in pie = 8

Total for 1 serving= 174/8=21.75

22 grams Carbs

You are what you eat.The freedom of carb

counting can increase the temptation to overeat—which inevitably leads to weight gain.

Remember to eat at least 3-5 servings of vegetables and 2-3 servings of fruit.

RD Visits

It is recommended that all people with type 1 diabetes mellitus see a registered dietitian at least once a year.

A dietitian can provide specific details on calorie, carbohydrate, and fat needs.

They will also provide nutrition counseling to help manage blood sugars and to promote health and wellness

Knowledge is powerAny questions?

Thank you!!!!