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Carbon Footprint and Reduction
Strategies for Global Fund GrantsSaving Lives Sustainably
Dr Kristian Steele
Dr Christoph Hamelmann
Presentation at The Global Fund
Geneva, 15 April 2015
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Content
• Measuring and managing
carbon emissions
• Work on UNDP-GF
programmes
• Grant carbon footprints
• Five focus areas
• The carbon footprint tool
• Integration with NFM
• Social cost of carbon
• Global Fund climate change
impact
• Recognition
• End
3
Measuring and managing carbon emissions:
The organisation
or sector
A region, locality or city
A product & its
supply chain
An asset
The building/civil
portfolio
A programme
4
Attributing impact and responsibility
UNDP-GF programmes
• Measure and understand climate change impacts
• Identify priorities
• Develop response strategies to lower footprint and impacts in priority areas
• Explore options for integration of carbon reduction activities with programme delivery
Project outputs
The carbon teamJohn Macauley
Regional Programme Specialist
HIV, Health and Development
UNDP Regional Centre, Europe and
the CIS
Elliman Jagne
Operations Manager GFATM projects
UNDP Zimbabwe
Tedla Mezemir Damte (MD,MPH)
Program Manager - Global Fund
Grants
UNDP Tajikistan
Graeme Esau
Junior Professional Consultant
UNDP Zimbabwe
Dr. Christoph Hamelmann
Regional Practice Leader HIV, Health
and Development
UNDP Regional Centre, Europe and
the CIS
Devni Acharya
Environmental Consultant,
Resource & Waste Management
Arup
Dr. Maria Brucoli
Engineer and Microgrids
Specialist, Building Engineering
Arup
Aleksandra Krukar
Admin/Finance Analyst
UNDP Tajikistan
Tedla Mezemir Damte (MD,MPH)
Program Manager - Global Fund
Grants
UNDP Tajikistan
Keith Robertson
Senior Sustainability
Consultant & Lead Analyst
Arup
Dr. Kristian Steele
Senior Analyst, Advanced
Technology & Research
Arup
Daisy Mukarakate
Programme Specialist –
Environment and energy
UNDP Zimbabwe
Volker Welter
Senior Procurement Adviser
UNDP Nordic Office
Saleban Omar (MD, MSc, DTM&H)
Senior Regional Programme
Advisor,
HIV, Health and Development
Practice
UNDP Regional Services Centre for
Africa, EthiopiaDr. Tedla Mezemir Damte
Program Manager - Global Fund
Grants
UNDP Tajikistan
Dr. Stamatios Christopoulos
Energy & Environment
Programme Analyst
Bratislava Regional Centre UNDP
Europe and the CIS
Itana Labovic
HIV/AIDS Programme
Manager/M&E Specialist
UNDP Montenegro
8UNDP-GF
grant 1UNDP-GF
grant 2
UNDP-GF
grant 3
Identify
programme
climate change
priorities
Evaluate climate change impact of programme
~ 200,000 tCO2e
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Fleet vehicles
• Aim: identify opportunities for emissions
reduction of country vehicle fleet
• Finding:
• Vehicle use ~ 6% of grant GHG
emissions
• Efficient vehicles / optimised trip
management: 27% GHG emission
reduction
• Hybrid vehicles ~ 75% reduction in
vehicle emissions per km
• Full hybrid vehicle use ~ 5% cut of
total grant footprint.
• Outcome: Must investigate potential to
extend efficiencies to sub-recipients and
operations beyond PIU
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Sustainable energy planning of health facilities
• Aim: Complete a pilot assessment for a
renewable energy system install to an
off grid primary health facility
• Finding:
• Carbon payback in 2 years
• Financial payback in 4 years
• Significant benefit to GHG
emissions reduction if applied at
scale, i.e. 100,000’s tonnes CO2e
• Outcome:
• Review how UNDP-GF
programmes support health clinic
power infrastructure and
incentivise lower carbon renewable
solutions
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Value chain impacts
• Aim: Seek better carbon emissions
data from supply chains
• Finding:
• there remains little incentive
for manufactures to engage on
climate change within
procurement systems as they
are currently structured
• Interest from some
manufacturers
• Outcome: Confirms need for
progressive change approach
already under way through the
United Nations iIATT-SPHS
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Action on climate change during programme delivery
• Aim: how to extend action on
climate change to day-to-day grant
management activities
• Finding:
• Existing systems and reporting
processes of grant delivery
offer a viable working
framework to gather footprint
data
• Outcome: create carbon footprint
module to disbursement and
reporting system
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The climate change and waste management nexus
• Aim: was to understand the climate
change impact of pharmaceutical
waste management
• Finding:
• GHG emissions of
pharmaceutical waste are
marginal
• resource efficiency hierarchy and
climate change mitigation at odds
• Outcome:
• environmental safeguarding
requires clear weighted decision
making across issues
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Service utilisation
Emissions from travel of clients to service
delivery outlets and emissions from
operation of facilities:
• Aim: understand emissions levels.
Focused study on only 3 interventions
1. Voluntary testing /counselling
2. Antiretroviral treatment
3. Monitoring of HIV-infected
• Finding: GHG emissions of 4,764 tCO2e
~ 20% additional to grant footprint
• Outcome: spatial aspect of service
delivery is interesting a decentralised
delivery model could offer a net carbon
saving?
Carbon
footprint
tool
Global
Fund
New
Funding
Model
Putting climate change data into grant making: NFM
1. Global Fund / UNDP GHGs strategy review
2. Capacity building for Grant Managers
3. Identification of carbon baseline/budget
4. Early review of benchmark. Module/Activity carbon assessments
from previous work
5. Assessment of programme GHG emissions based on proposed grant
(disease and HSS component)
6. Review of programme carbon emissions
7. Compliance review of Environmental Safeguarding Policy
8. Monitoring and evaluation of GHG emissions
Putting climate change data into grant making:
NFM
Awareness
raising / training
for grant
developers
Concept Note
development
TRP
˅˄GAC
Grant
making
2nd
GAC
˅˄
BOARD
Grant
implemen
tation
Global Fund / UNDP GHG Strategy review
Capacity building for Grant Managers
Identification of carbon baseline/budget
Early review of benchark Module/Activity
carbon assessments from previous work
Assessment of programme GHG emissions
based on proposed grant (Disease and HSS
Component)
Review of Programme Carbon Emissions
Compliance review of Environmental
Safeguarding Policy
Monitoring and evaluation of GHG
emissions
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An outline calculation: Rough estimate of Global
Fund climate change impact based on initial data
Based on our studies the carbon intensity of
GF projects are:
HIV: 1.5kg CO2e/$
MAL: 1.3kg CO2e/$
TB: 1.6kg CO2e/$
If we take historical disbursement allocations
as shown and combine with a known projected
annual disbursement: ≈ $ 4.5 billion
HIV: 56%
MAL: 28%
TB: 15%
Then GF programmes annual carbon pollution
can be estimated as:
HIV: 3,753,000 tonnes of CO2e
MAL: 1,638,000 tonnes of CO2e
TB: 1,088,000 tonnes of CO2e
Total Global Fund carbon pollution: 6,479,000 tonnes of CO2e per year
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The social cost of carbon: Initial estimates
An estimate of the economic damage associated with the
increase of atmospheric CO2e levels
a value of $30 per tonne CO2e defined by Stern as the cost
associated with atmosphere CO2e concentrations
stabilising at 450-550ppm CO2e and keeping temperature
rises within a safe limit of 2oC
• This means we can monetize for a programme the cost of
climate change damage
• It is estimated that GF emission levels have a Social Cost of
Carbon of approximately 6% of total GF disbursement; this
means:
$194 million of climate change damage is incurred with
each year of GF disbursement
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theguardian
Sustainable Business Awards 2014
Development of electricity infrastructures
in sub-Saharan Africa (Oct 2015)
Recognition
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Thank you for your attention