Carbon measuring methods and community work in the

NKM Project

BoliviaBoliviaNational CDM OfficeNational CDM Office

Bonn, June 2003Bonn, June 2003

Background – The NKM Project (1)Background – The NKM Project (1)

•JI ProjectJI Project•634,286 Ha of expansion of a National Park634,286 Ha of expansion of a National Park•Purpose: Reduction of emissions by Purpose: Reduction of emissions by deforestation – natural forest regenerationdeforestation – natural forest regeneration

•Activities: Averted logging and agricultural Activities: Averted logging and agricultural conversion of forest landsconversion of forest lands

•Investment: 9.6 million US$Investment: 9.6 million US$•Duration: 30 years (initial)Duration: 30 years (initial)•Partners: GoB, FAN, TNC, AEP, BP Amoco, Partners: GoB, FAN, TNC, AEP, BP Amoco, PacifiCorpPacifiCorp

•Projected carbon benefits: 3.6 MM tons C (13.2 Projected carbon benefits: 3.6 MM tons C (13.2 MM tons COMM tons CO22))

•Ancillary benefits:Ancillary benefits: Biodiversity protectionBiodiversity protectionImproved Soil and Water QualityImproved Soil and Water QualityImproved Local Air QualityImproved Local Air Quality

Background – The NKM Project (2)Background – The NKM Project (2)

Background – The NKM Project (3)Background – The NKM Project (3)

•Technical work on forestry planned at project Technical work on forestry planned at project design:design:

Research and Development (DB and derived Research and Development (DB and derived products)products)

Short-term ecosystem protectionShort-term ecosystem protectionCarbon flux monitoring and verificationCarbon flux monitoring and verificationSustainable Forestry Management Program Sustainable Forestry Management Program

(with ex - loggers)(with ex - loggers)

•Community work: Community work: Community Support ProgramCommunity Support ProgramPromotion of DB enterprise: Canopy Promotion of DB enterprise: Canopy

BotanicalsBotanicalsFiduciary Fund for long-term conservationFiduciary Fund for long-term conservationEcotourism ProgramEcotourism Program

Carbon inventoring and Carbon inventoring and monitoringmonitoring

• Project served for study of forestry variables included in the Project served for study of forestry variables included in the IPCC SR-LULUCF of 2000IPCC SR-LULUCF of 2000

• Methods: Forest inventory, soil sampling and ecological Methods: Forest inventory, soil sampling and ecological surveys (MacDicken methodology and protocol, 1997)surveys (MacDicken methodology and protocol, 1997)

• 625 plots established, statistical sample, 95% confidence 625 plots established, statistical sample, 95% confidence interval of interval of ± 10%± 10%

• Plots supply data on carbon inventory of the area• Pools considered:

– Trees with diameter at breast height > 5 cm. (60% of C)– Understory (roots – 12%)– Fine litter standing stock (3%)– Standing dead wood (7%)– Soil to 30 – cm. Depth (18%)

• 95% confidence interval of ± 4%

Method for estimating averted Method for estimating averted logging carbon benefitslogging carbon benefits

• Benfs= Δlive biomass C + Δdead biomass C + Δwood product C

• Δlive biomass C= (biomass C from logging damage + C in timber extracted) x growth factor

• Δdead biomass C= (dead biomass from logging damage x decomposition factor)

• Δwood products= (timber extracted x proportion converted to long-lived products)

• Method for measuring C content in biomass:– Destructive sampling– Trees cut and proportion of biomass cut, standing and damaged

calculated by several factors and formulas– Wood dried in a furnace, where the contents of carbon in the area

is determined

Usefulness of NKM work for Usefulness of NKM work for future A&R projectsfuture A&R projects

• Above ground biomass and root biomass data for tropical Above ground biomass and root biomass data for tropical areas (relationship between them)areas (relationship between them)

• Rates of growth for different tropical species in regeneration Rates of growth for different tropical species in regeneration plotsplots

• Data about wood density and carbon contentsData about wood density and carbon contents• Data for biomass annual average increase• Validation of regression equation for estimating tree biomass

in project areas (native forest)• Testing of leakage prevention methods with local communities• Testing of simulation models for land use change• Aerial videography as methods for monitoring project area• Capacity building of local expertise for formulation and

implementation of forestry projects• Testing of methods for community work

Community Support Program

Components

• Community organisation and land tenure

• Local planning and income generation• Health policies• Education• Communication and infrastructure• Stakeholder Involvement in

conservation / project management activities

Community Organisation and land tenure (1)

• Community Councils organized for each villageCommunity Councils organized for each village• Legal status promoted and processed for each Legal status promoted and processed for each

CouncilCouncil• Creation of an Indigenous people’s association Creation of an Indigenous people’s association

(Central Indígena del Bajo Paraguá – Trade (Central Indígena del Bajo Paraguá – Trade Union)Union)

• Negotiation capacities for Association LeadersNegotiation capacities for Association Leaders• Funding negotiated by leaders for regularisation Funding negotiated by leaders for regularisation

of land rightsof land rights• Advanced process in assignment of land rights Advanced process in assignment of land rights

for indigenous territory (395,000 ha.)for indigenous territory (395,000 ha.)

Community Organisation and land tenure (2)

Local planning and income generation

• Baseline for Natural Resources Management Baseline for Natural Resources Management Plan at the ITPlan at the IT

• Fisheries Management PlanFisheries Management Plan• Property Regularisation PlanProperty Regularisation Plan• Local Commitee for Loan Management (US$ Local Commitee for Loan Management (US$

57,500)57,500)– Lodging quarters, tourist guides, horse quarters, Lodging quarters, tourist guides, horse quarters,

cattle management, carpenter workshopcattle management, carpenter workshop

• ΔΔ of production of winter crops and of production of winter crops and diversification diversification

• Palm hearts cropping outside of Park areaPalm hearts cropping outside of Park area

Health Policies

• Medical personnel assigned to communitiesMedical personnel assigned to communities• One medical post (microhospital) – Piso One medical post (microhospital) – Piso

FirmeFirme• Refurbishment of medical post at FloridaRefurbishment of medical post at Florida• Lodging for permanent nurses + drugsLodging for permanent nurses + drugs• One ambulance at San IgnacioOne ambulance at San Ignacio• Assistance in medical emergencies (flights)Assistance in medical emergencies (flights)• Perforation of water wells and provision of Perforation of water wells and provision of

electric pumpselectric pumps

Education & research

• Refurbishment of 4 schools– Florida, Piso Firme, Porvenir & Bella Vista

• Educational material provided to schools• Long-distance schooling by Internet• Scholarships in Santa Cruz for best students• Salaries for additional teachers (to those

covered by municipalities)• Research: foreign students on community

work and forestry variables

Communication & infrastructure; stakeholder involvement in protection

activities• Sewer installation for villages• Road repair and maintenance• New radio stations at Piso Firme, Cachuela

and Esperanza• Involvement in protection activities as Park

Keepers• Capacity building to indigenous people for

forestry management• Technical directives for fire prevention and

control

Comparative: Enabling costs Comparative: Enabling costs for a CDM energy project in the for a CDM energy project in the

Bolivian jungleBolivian jungleExample: e7 Project (Tahuamanu – Isla Marine); total investment 28 MM US$

CER generated: 40,000 tons C/ yr, at 5US$/ton US$ 200,000 / yr

ITEM High Estimate (US$) Low Estimate (US$)

Validation 50,000 30,000

National Approval 20,000 15,000

Registration 30,000 5,000

Verification 20,000 10,000

Adaptation Fund 4,000 4,000

Administrative Costs EB 15,000 10,000

TOTAL 139,000 74,000

% of yearly CER (not including monitoring & project formulation)

69.5 37.0