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Carbon Neutral Apartment Retrofits

THOUGHT LEADER’S FORUM

NOVEMBER 28, 2016

ANDREW PAPE-SALMON, P.ENG., MRM, FCAE

ROBERT PENNINGS

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à  Value of energy and sustainability retrofits

à  Energy use in Pendrellis

à  Deep Energy Retrofit Approach

à  Energy and Emission Reduction Measures

à  Costs and Benefits

à  EnergieSprong

Overview

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The “Pitch”

à Energy and Sustainability Retrofits Improve:

à Affordability

à Comfort

à Healthfulness

à Lower carbon emissions

à Durability

à Resilience to extreme weather events

à Market value

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Electric Baseline, 63 kWh/m²/yr,

15%

Electric Heating, 12 kWh/m²/yr,

3%

Gas Baseline, 175 kWh/m²/yr,

41%

Gas Heating,178 kWh/m²/yr,

41%

Energy Use in the Pendrellis

428 kWh/m2

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Energy Benchmarking Example (Seattle)

155 kWh/m2

133 kWh/m2

202 kWh/m2

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0

50

100

150

200

250

300

81

14

4 95

24

26

16

31

8 76

21

22

61

93

33

22

04

52

91

74

36

03

12

8 61

4 33

9 25

730

41

24 1

40

59

21

36

58

Annual

Ener

gy

Use

Inte

nsi

ty,

kW

h/m

2

Building ID

Gas Electricity - Common Electricity - Suite

BC Housing MURB Studies – High-Rise

Average EUI: 215 kWh/m2 per year

Energy Consumption and Conservation in Mid- and High-Rise Residential Buildings http://www.hpo.bc.ca/sites/www.hpo.bc.ca/files/download/Report/MURB-EnergyStudy-Report.pdf

Provincial Step 2 Target for New Construction: 130 kWh/m2

Pendrellis EUI: 428 kWh/m2 per year

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Deep Energy Retrofit Approach

à Focus on building enclosure first; in context of whole-building energy performance

à Piggyback on scheduled building renewals for windows, cladding, roof, balconies

à Optimize the economics, based on forecast costs and benefits, including “externalities” such as future carbon price

à Apply building science principals to maximize benefits and minimize risks of unintended consequences

à Use renewable natural gas, on-site renewables and/or grid electricity for zero-carbon energy supply

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Energy Impacting Systems

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Energy Impacting Systems

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Air Flow Solutions

i

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Energy Impacting Systems

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Energy Savings and GHG Emission Reductions

11kgCO2/yrSaved

16kgCO2/yrSaved

24kgCO2/yrSaved

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

Goodbundle Betterbundle Bestbundle

%Heatin

gSavings

kWhEnergySaved

kWhSavings %HeatingSavings

Enclosure and ventilation changes only, no DHW or electrical.

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Cost-Benefit Analysis

$255,620 $220,429

$326,075

-$700,000

-$600,000

-$500,000

-$400,000

-$300,000

-$200,000

-$100,000

$0

$100,000

$200,000

$300,000

$400,000

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Net

Prese

nt V

alu

e

Years

Good Case Better Case Best Case

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à  Dutch approach to carbon neutral apartment retrofits

Energysprong

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Housing background

à  40% or 2,4 million social housing households (household income cap at < 50,000 CAD)

à  Professional non-subsidized not-for-profit Owner-Operators, started in 1901

à  Frugal Dutch mindset: Long term (50+ year) maintenance planning, with focus on Total cost of ownership (TCO)

40% single family

60% MURB

Annual maintenance 1,900,- CAD

1,200,-planned

450,-repairs

250,-mutation

rent social sector 650 CAD rent private sector 1,200 CAD

mortgage 1,100 CAD

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Energysprong necessity

à  Federal Government regulations: All new construction has to be energy neutral by 2021 Entire housing stock energy neutral by 2050

à  Scattered retrofitting demand

à  Slow and cumbersome procurement processes (thick detailed RFP’s complicated contracts)

Energysprong approach: à  Federal government finances project support to owner-operator

(mainly during the procurement and selection phase) à  Agglomeration of projects, bigger carrot, and possibility for

industrialization of retrofitting process and products (prefab, modular) à  Residents continue to pay same rent, but get new bathroom and kitchen

(energy savings are used to pay for retrofit) à  Smart & Speedy procurements, open, transparant, popular, lots of PR à  Highly efficient project management (JIT, BIM etc.)

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Energysprong examples

Carbon Neutral, 2 story, 1000 sqft per unit ($550/m2)

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Net-Zero mid rise MURB à  2-Page RFP, 30 proposals, 3 finalist, 1 winner

à  Net-zero + new bathroom & kitchen

à  90,000 dollars per unit

à  Potential:14,000 identical units

à  1960’s 2016 à  October 2016