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Carbonyl Chemistry Fundamentals Part 2 X O Nuc reversable when Nuc can be a LG Nuc X O Tetrahedral adduct Nuc O Nucleophilic carbonyl substitution (Nucleophilic acyl substitution) Nuc X HO Addition When best LG = X When no LG, protonate Part 1 Summary Carbonyl group part of many functional groups C O δ − δ + Nucleophile Electrophile At the start of a mechanism step, the carbonyl group has three fates: Accept nucleophile at carbon : Accept proton at oxygen : Form enolate : C O Nuc O Nuc C O H B C OH Base H O O O Tetrahedral adduct
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