Carlos Norman Barea. Regional Government of Andalousia. Spain.

TAIEX Workshop on Agricultural Extension Services in the EU.

Kijev, Ukraine 25-26 February 2016.

Peculiarities of legal regulation of the Farm Advisory Service in EU Member States (The spanish state of Art)

The four basic EU regulations of the new Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) are published in the Official Journal of 20 December 2013.

These four legislative texts reflect the political agreement between the European Commission, EU Member States Agriculture Ministers (in the Council) and the European Parliament.

With these new rules, the vast majority of CAP legislation will be defined under four consecutive Regulations – a significant simplification - covering:

Rural Development: Regulation 1305/2013 

Horizontal" issues such as funding and controls: Regulation 1306/2013

  Direct payments for farmers: Regulation 1307/2013   

Market measures: Regulation 1308/2013   

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Types of dominant organisations in the EU-27

Process of change from Extension services to Advisory services approach in Spain

A set of problems in FAS could be identified.

“First, farming styles represent a specific […] discourse. Second, [they] entail a specific structuration of the labour process, of the organization of time and space […] and consequently farming styles result in a particular organization of the process of production […]. Thirdly, styles of farming represent specific connections between economic, social, political, ecological and technological ‘dimensions’.

Each spatial division has their own Farming styles

Farming styles are translating into new fields of interest

Farming styles:

Theory and practiceCo-production, the malleability of resources and novelty production

Endogenous development; The regional level

Rural development; multifunctionality; territorial cooperatives

The revival of the peasant debate; repeasantization

▼ Summer rainfall▲ Winter storms, floods▲ Length growing season, yields▲ Suitable farmland▲ Pests, diseases risks

▲ Floods risk▲ Hotter and drier summers▲ Sea levels▲ Risk crop pests, diseases▲ Crop, forage yields▼ Animal health, welfare

▼ Water availability ▲ Risk drought, heat spells▲ Risk soil erosion▼ Growing season, crop yields ▼ Optimal crop areas

▲ Winter rainfall, floods ▼ Summer rainfall ▲ Risk drought, water stress ▲ Soil erosion risk ▲ Yields, range of crops

Possible impacts on EU agriculture

Climate change

Average population in the EU-27 (in millions), 2012

GDP/inh at market prices in Euro (in thousand) EU-27, 2012

Agriculture in GDP in the EU-27 countries (in %), 2010

Structure of agricultural holdings by size of the holding

in the EU-27 (12,014.78 thousand = 100.0%), 2010

Average utilized agricultural area (UAA) per holding in the EU-27 (ha), 2010

The political division of the Kingdom of Spain is based on the 8th Title of the spanish constitution of 1978, which establishes three levels of territorial organization: municipalities, provinces and autonomous communities, the first group constituting the subdivisions of the second, and the second group constituting the subdivisions of the last.

A concise review of statistical data, including:

54%, or 25,600,000 ha of the land in Spain are devoted to agriculture.

•Agriculture produces 3% of the country’s wealth (GDP) and employs 6.4% of its workforce (720,000), 38.5% of whom are salaried employees.•There are 1,210,000 farms in total of which 4% cover more than 100 ha.•The average size of a Spanish farm is 21 ha (EU : 18.5 ha), although major variations are observed between:

• The average size of a cereal farm is 40 ha• And the average size of a vegetable farm is 6 ha

•27% of the agricultural land used is devoted to tenant farming.•Agriculture now accounts for only 2.7 % of the Spanish economy, down from 4.2 % 10 years ago, and for 5 % of the workforce, compared with 8 % in 1995.•The average age of Spain’s farmers is 55. •Spain’s area is 38 % crop land, 14 % grazing land and 32 % forest

Agriculture in Spain.

Royal Decree 1080/2014, of 19 December, which establishes the regime of coordination of the managing authorities of the programmes of rural development for the period 2014-2020.

a) National framework for rural development: instrument of programming that includes the common elements of the regional and national programmes in accordance with article 6.3 of Regulation (EU) No. 1305/2013 of the European Parliament and the Council, in December 17, 2013.

(b) National rural development program: program of rural development single throughout the national territory as provided for in article 6(2) of the Regulation (EU) No. 13052013, of the European Parliament and the Council, in December 17, 2013. In this program the strategy responds to national criteria, taking into account provisions of the national framework.

(c) Regional programme for rural development: rural development programme for each autonomous community as set forth in article 6(2) of Regulation (EU) No. 13052013, of the European Parliament and the Council, in December 17, 2013. In this program the strategy responds to regional criteria, and is consistent with that set out in the national programme, always considering the common elements set out in the national framework.

Royal Decree 1080/2014, of 19 December, which establishes the regime of coordination of the managing authorities of the programmes of rural development for the period 2014-2020.

(d) Management authority: organ or entity responsible for the management and implementation of each programme, as established in article 66 of the Regulation (EU) No. 1305/2013 of the European Parliament and the Council, in December 17, 2013.

(e) Coordinating body of managing authorities: body designated in accordance with article 66.4 of Regulation (EU) No. 13052013 of the European Parliament and the Council, of 17 December 2013, whose purpose is to ensure consistency in the management of the funds and establishing a link between the European Commission and the authorities of each regional programme and the national programme management.

The Statute of Autonomy is the basic institutional law of the autonomous community or city, recognized by the Spanish constitution in article 147. It is approved by a parliamentary assembly representing the community, and then approved by the General Courts Cortes(Parliament), the Spanish Parliament, through an "Organic Law", requiring the favourable vote of the absolute majority of the congress of Deputies.

The constitution establishes that all competences not explicitly assumed by the state—the central government—in the constitution, can be assumed by the autonomous community in their Statutes of Autonomy; but also, all competences not explicitly assumed by the autonomous community in their Statutes of Autonomy are automatically assumed by the state. In case of conflict, the constitution prevails. In case of disagreement, any administration can bring the case before the Constitutional Court of Spain.

COMPETENCES OF ANDALOUSIAAgriculture and Animal welfare ExclusiveFisheries SharedHunting & Fishing Exclusive

&. The region of Andalusia is located in the south of Spain. It covers 87 597 km2 (around 20% of Spain, 4th biggest EU region) and almost all the regional territory is considered as rural. &. The region is home of 8.3 million people. &. Of the total area, farmland covers around 50% and forest area represents half of the territory. &. The primary sector contributes 4.9% of the gross added value (well over EU and Spanish average) and within the industrial sector, the agro food sub-sector is the first in job creation. &. Utilised agricultural area (UAA) is over 4.4 million ha of which 25% is irrigated, producing almost 70% of the regional farm income and generating more than 60% of agricultural employment. &. Olive trees are cultivated on 25% of the UAA and Dehesas (agroforestry system) other 21%. Fruits and vegetables represent 50% of the agro food export of the region. There are 246 000 agricultural holdings in Andalucía, with an average size of 18 hectares (below Spanish average) &. The unemployment rate is 34.8% (2014), more than 60% among young people. &. Other challenges of the region include the lack of young farmers in the primary sector and the need to increase the size of holdings. &. On the environmental side, Natura 2000 areas cover 29% of the regional territory (11% of the UAA) and 18% has been designated as nitrates vulnerable zones. The water balance is negative and the region faces problems of erosion (with risk of desertification).

Grant Management.This aid will be managed in the Production Department of Agriculture, Directorate General of Agricultural and Livestock Production. Regulations.Order of 23 July 2008 laying down the regulatory bases for granting subsidies to owners of farms in Andalusia for the use of advisory services are established and meetings shall be convened in 2008, under the Rural Development Programme for Andalusia 2007-2013. This order is being renewed fro the next framework 2014-2020.Beneficiaries: Farmers, Companies, NGO, Municipalities and Unions among others

DECREE 228/2011, of 5 July, laying regulates the Register of Business Operators Fruits and Vegetables of Andalusia and the conformity with marketing standards (Registration advisory bodies recognized)

“On line” Farm Advisory Services

Carlos Norman Barea. Regional Government of Andalousia. Spain.e- mail contact: josec.norman@juntadeandalucia.es