CASE CASE ANALYSISANALYSIS

OBJECTIVES OF THE CASE OBJECTIVES OF THE CASE METHODMETHOD

• To make the student become To make the student become more efficient and accurate in more efficient and accurate in finding the cause and effect of finding the cause and effect of business problems.business problems.

• To train the student become To train the student become more imaginative in more imaginative in formulating efficient and formulating efficient and effective solutions.effective solutions.

•To help the student apply his To help the student apply his own special experience, and own special experience, and to handle new situations if he to handle new situations if he has little or no experience.has little or no experience.

•To develop his skill in To develop his skill in interacting, cooperating and interacting, cooperating and fostering closer working fostering closer working relations with his group relations with his group members. members.

PREPARARING FOR A PREPARARING FOR A CASE ANALYSISCASE ANALYSIS

• Read the assigned case thoroughly Read the assigned case thoroughly and completely.and completely.

• If the case is lengthy, make notes If the case is lengthy, make notes or summaries of pertinent or summaries of pertinent information before proceeding information before proceeding with your analysis. with your analysis.

• Formulate in writing a precise Formulate in writing a precise statement of the problem.statement of the problem.

• Select the several alternative decisions Select the several alternative decisions or courses of action which can be taken. or courses of action which can be taken. These are hypothesis that requires These are hypothesis that requires investigation.investigation.

• Concerning these hypotheses, raise the Concerning these hypotheses, raise the question which demands an answer. question which demands an answer. Theses are the crucial questions which Theses are the crucial questions which are the heart of your analysis.are the heart of your analysis.

• Tentatively weigh the evidences and Tentatively weigh the evidences and select the hypothesis which can be best select the hypothesis which can be best supported.supported.

• Organize the evidences so as to Organize the evidences so as to substantiate your case. Be sure to state substantiate your case. Be sure to state your conclusions clearly. your conclusions clearly.

**Clarity and simplicity Clarity and simplicity of written statements of written statements

are essential.are essential.

**Use short sentences. **Use short sentences. Be sparing in the use Be sparing in the use

of descriptive of descriptive adjectives.adjectives.

BASIC CHARACTERISTIC BASIC CHARACTERISTIC OF A GOOD CASE OF A GOOD CASE

ANALYSISANALYSIS • It is based on particular It is based on particular

situational facts.situational facts.• There is good There is good

understanding and understanding and identification of the identification of the central problem.central problem.

•The solution must be highly The solution must be highly creative and have the creative and have the makings of being practical makings of being practical and workable under the given and workable under the given circumstances.circumstances.

•The student’s position must The student’s position must be supported and defensible.be supported and defensible.

NOTE:NOTE: The students The students commit serious error of commit serious error of organizing their case organizing their case analysis around concepts analysis around concepts instead of using the instead of using the concept as a tool in the concept as a tool in the analysis of the case.analysis of the case.

CASE CASE ANALYSIS ANALYSIS OUTLINEOUTLINE

TIME CONTEXTTIME CONTEXT

Generally, delineates the Generally, delineates the take-off point of the take-off point of the analysis. It should tell analysis. It should tell us when the problem was us when the problem was observed, which requires observed, which requires the necessity of an the necessity of an action.action.

VIEWPOINTVIEWPOINT

Any person who is a Any person who is a decision maker or who is decision maker or who is capable of recommending capable of recommending a solution as mentioned a solution as mentioned in the case or any in the case or any consultant hired to consultant hired to recommend a solution.recommend a solution.

PROBLEM STATEMENTPROBLEM STATEMENT

??This defines the perceived This defines the perceived

problem presented in the case problem presented in the case and which is the subject of the and which is the subject of the analysis. It may be presented in analysis. It may be presented in a declarative form or in the form a declarative form or in the form of a question. of a question.

A problem could be A problem could be answered by the question – answered by the question – what is wrong the needs what is wrong the needs correcting?correcting?

One should focus on the One should focus on the central problem. Specify central problem. Specify what the problem is by what the problem is by describing it accurately in describing it accurately in terms of four dimensions:terms of four dimensions:

Identity Identity LocationLocationTime Time ExtentExtent

STATEMENT OF THE STATEMENT OF THE OBJECTIVEOBJECTIVE

These are the goals which the These are the goals which the case analysis hopes to achieve. case analysis hopes to achieve. Objectives are specifications by Objectives are specifications by which alternative courses of which alternative courses of action are to be developed. action are to be developed. These are statements or functions These are statements or functions to be performed or undertaken by to be performed or undertaken by the course of action.the course of action.

S M A R T S M A R T OBJECTIVEOBJECTIVE

S -pecificS -pecific

M-easurableM-easurable

A -ttainable A -ttainable

R -ealistic R -ealistic

T -ime-T -ime-boundbound

AREAS OF CONSIDERATION AREAS OF CONSIDERATION (SWOT ANALYSIS)(SWOT ANALYSIS)

Define the internal and external Define the internal and external environment of the company environment of the company discernible in the case. The discernible in the case. The expected output should be:expected output should be:

INTERNALINTERNALSTRENGTHSTRENGTHWEAKNESSEWEAKNESSESS

EXTERNAL EXTERNAL OPPORTUNITIOPPORTUNITIES ES THREATSTHREATS

ASSUMPTIONSASSUMPTIONSDefines other factors affecting Defines other factors affecting the company which may not the company which may not have been specifically stated have been specifically stated in the case but need to be in the case but need to be assumed to better understand assumed to better understand the case and limit or enhance the case and limit or enhance the analysis.the analysis.

ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACION (ACA)ACION (ACA)

•These are the These are the possible solutions to possible solutions to the problem. the problem.

•Each must achieve Each must achieve the objective. the objective.

ANALYSISANALYSIS

Each ACA should be Each ACA should be discussed in the light of the discussed in the light of the Areas of consideration Areas of consideration and Assumptionsand Assumptions. . Advantages and Advantages and disadvantages of each ACA disadvantages of each ACA should be identified by way should be identified by way of considering the of considering the SWOT.SWOT.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Comparative analysis of each Comparative analysis of each ACA should be made by way ACA should be made by way of identifying variables and of identifying variables and how each variable is rated for how each variable is rated for each ACA. Comparison is each ACA. Comparison is summarized by a decision summarized by a decision matrix which will now show matrix which will now show the ACA to be adopted. the ACA to be adopted.

PLAN OF ACTIONPLAN OF ACTION

This plan of action delineates This plan of action delineates the series of actions to be the series of actions to be undertaken to operationalize undertaken to operationalize the adopted ACA. The plan the adopted ACA. The plan implements the ACA. It implements the ACA. It would be best to program the would be best to program the plan according to the basic plan according to the basic functional areas. functional areas.

PRACTICE PRACTICE CASECASE

NATIONAL BOOK NATIONAL BOOK COMPANYCOMPANY

Delia de los Reyes was the Delia de los Reyes was the founder and president of a publishing founder and president of a publishing company specializing in collegiate company specializing in collegiate textbooks. Because of her personal textbooks. Because of her personal ability, and effective marketing ability, and effective marketing promotion, the company grew rapidly promotion, the company grew rapidly and its sales of P10,000 in the first and its sales of P10,000 in the first year reach P10 million five years year reach P10 million five years later. The publication, production, later. The publication, production, and sales force also increased.and sales force also increased.

However, the company was faced with However, the company was faced with a serious problem. New and old a serious problem. New and old employees were making conflicting employees were making conflicting decision. One of the De Los Reyes decision. One of the De Los Reyes partners suggested that the company partners suggested that the company needed planning and clear-cut policies needed planning and clear-cut policies and programs to guide decision and programs to guide decision making, but the president was not making, but the president was not impressed. She maintains that if she impressed. She maintains that if she concentrates on formulating plans and concentrates on formulating plans and policies today, she might not have a policies today, she might not have a company tomorrow. She believes that it company tomorrow. She believes that it is best to solve the problems as they is best to solve the problems as they happen.happen.

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ORGANIZING THE POWER ORGANIZING THE POWER COMPANYCOMPANY

• ““I do not believe in organization charts or I do not believe in organization charts or position descriptions of any kind in this position descriptions of any kind in this company,” declared Johnny Ramos, president company,” declared Johnny Ramos, president and founder of the Power Company, and founder of the Power Company, manufacturer of men’s ready to wear (RTW) manufacturer of men’s ready to wear (RTW) suits and jackets. “We are a successful and suits and jackets. “We are a successful and fast- rising company with P100,000 annual fast- rising company with P100,000 annual sales to a P5million enterprise because we sales to a P5million enterprise because we pooled our resources, coming up with its pooled our resources, coming up with its complex competitive products at low costs. complex competitive products at low costs. We are not San Miguel corporation with its We are not San Miguel corporation with its complex organizational charts.”complex organizational charts.”

Mr. Silang, the company Mr. Silang, the company comptroller, strongly defended the comptroller, strongly defended the president, emphasizing that teamwork, president, emphasizing that teamwork, not organization charts, is the key to not organization charts, is the key to success.success.

Linda Ignacio, head of Linda Ignacio, head of manufacturing, believed otherwise and manufacturing, believed otherwise and declared the president’s view “absurd declared the president’s view “absurd and unprogressive.” Ms. Ignacio position and unprogressive.” Ms. Ignacio position descriptions. As a matter of fact, I have descriptions. As a matter of fact, I have them hidden in my desk where Johnny them hidden in my desk where Johnny Ramos never sees them.!”Ramos never sees them.!”