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Cataloging Electronic Monographs
Emily Dust Nimsakont ∙ Nebraska Library Commission ∙ August 10, 2010
Photo credit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/robertogreco/2263650976/
What is an electronic resource?
“Material (data and/or program(s)) encoded for manipulation by a computerized device”
AACR2, Glossary
What is an electronic resource?
“Electronic resources consist of data (information representing numbers, text, graphics, images, maps, moving images, music, sounds, etc.), programs (instructions, etc., that process the data for use), or combinations of data and programs.”
AACR2, Chapter 9
Direct Access• “The use of electronic resources via
carriers…designed to be inserted into a computerized device or its auxiliary equipment.”
AACR2, Glossary
Photo credit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/29265784@N03/2850210171/
Remote Access
• “The use of electronic resources via computer networks.”
AACR2, Glossary
Photo credit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/98194978@N00/389534530/
Born digital
Reproduction
What is a monograph?
“A bibliographic resource that is complete in one part or intended to be completed within a finite number of parts”
AACR2, Glossary
Monograph vs. serial vs. integrating resource
Finite resources
Monographs
Multi-parts
Continuing resources
Serials
Parts remain discrete
Integrating resources
Updates do not remain discrete
Image credit: “Rules and Tools for Cataloging Internet Resources”, Library of Congress course, http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/courses/cataloginginternet/index.html
What is a monograph?
“The first cataloging question to ask about an e-book is whether it really is a book.”
Annie Wu and Anne M. Mitchell.
“Mass Management of E-Book Catalog Records.”
Library Resources and Technical Services, 54:3 (July 2010).
What is an electronic monograph?
Photo credits: http://www.flickr.com/photos/edans/2253149637/, http://www.flickr.com/photos/drh/413201663/
AACR2 vs. MARC
• Anglo-American Cataloging Rules, 2nd ed. rev., 2005.
– Rules for describing items in a catalog record
• MAchine Readable Cataloging
– Communication standard
– Framework for catalog record
Rules for Describing Electronic Resources
• AACR2, Chapter 9, with references to Chapter 1
Photo credit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/isabisa/1459875841/
AACR2 areas of description
• title/statement of responsibility
• edition
• publication
• material specific details (not used for electronic resources)
• physical description
• series
• notes
• standard numbers
MARC 21
http://www.loc.gov/marc
http://www.oclc.org/bibformats
MARC Review
• Tags
– Indicate what kind of information is included in each field
• Indicators
– Digits or blanks that give the computer instructions or information about the data contained in the field
• Delimiters
– Precede each subfield, usually denoted with $, #, _, or #.
• Subfield codes
– Single letters or digits indicate what type of information is in a subfield.
MARC Review
245 10 $a 100 top internet job sites $h [electronic resource] : $b get wired, get hired in today’s new job market / $c Kristina M. Ackley.
Tag
Indicators
Delimiters
Subfield codes
MARC Tags by Hundreds
• 0XX Control info., classification, codes, etc.• 1XX Main entries• 2XX Titles, edition, imprint• 3XX Physical description, etc.• 4XX Series statements• 5XX Notes• 6XX Subject access fields• 7XX Added entries• 8XX Series added entries, holdings, location, etc.• 9XX Locally-defined uses
Bibliographic Format
• Books
• Continuing Resources
• Visual Materials
• Maps
• Sound Recordings Scores
• Computer Files
• Mixed Materials
Bibliographic Format
Exercise 1
• Monograph vs. serial
• Direct access vs. remote access
• Born digital vs. reproduction
Chief source of information
“The chief source of information for electronic resources is the resource itself.”
AACR2, 9.0B1
Chief source of information
Title screen
Chief source of information
Encoded metadata
Chief source of information
The physical carrier or its labels
Chief source of information
“If the information in these sources varies in degree of fullness, prefer the source that provides the most complete information.”
AACR2, 9.0B1
If information is not available from the item itself, use:– Printed or online documentation
– Information printed on a container
If information is taken from anything other than one of these prescribed sources, enclose it in square brackets.
Title and statement of responsibility areaTitle proper
• “Transcribe the title proper as instructed in 1.1B.” - AACR2 9.1B
• “Transcribe the title proper exactly as to wording, order, and spelling, but not necessarily as to punctuation and capitalization.” - AACR2 1.1B
Title and statement of responsibility areaTitle proper
Title and statement of responsibility areaTitle proper
100 top internet job sites
Title and statement of responsibility areaGeneral Material Designation (GMD)
• Optional (but usually used for non-text items)
• GMD = electronic resource
• Appears in square brackets after the title proper
• This will change if RDA is implemented
• GMD will be replaced by content type, media type, and carrier type
Title and statement of responsibility areaGeneral Material Designation (GMD)
100 top internet job sites [electronic resource]
Title and statement of responsibility areaOther title information
• “Transcribe all other title information appearing in the chief source of information according to the instructions in 1.1B.”
AACR2 1.1E1
Title and statement of responsibility areaOther title information
100 top internet job sites [electronic resource] : get wired, get hired in today’s new job market
Title and statement of responsibility areaStatement of responsibility
• “Transcribe statements of responsibility relating to those persons or bodies credited with a major role in creating the content of the resource as instructed in 1.1F.”
AACR2 9.1F1
• “Transcribe statements of responsibility appearing prominently on the item in the form in which they appear there.”
AACR2 1.1F1
Title and statement of responsibility areaStatement of responsibility
100 top internet job sites [electronic resource] : get wired, get hired in today’s new job market / Kristina M. Ackley.
MARC format for title and statement of responsibility
• 245 field
• $a Title proper
• $h GMD
• $b Other title information
• $c Statement of responsibility
MARC format for title and statement of responsibility
• 245 field
– 1st indicator
• 0 = no title added entry
• 1 = title added entry
– 2nd indicator = number of nonfiling characters
Title and statement of responsibility area
245 10 $a 100 top internet job sites $h [electronic resource] : $b get wired, get hired in today’s new job market / $c Kristina M. Ackley.
Title and statement of responsibility areaVarying forms of title
• “Make an added entry for any version of the title (e.g., cover title, caption title, running title, panel title, title on container, title bar title) that is significantly different from the title proper.”
AACR2 21.30J
Varying form of title
Varying form of title
Title and statement of responsibility areaVarying forms of title
One hundred top internet job sites
MARC Format for varying forms of title
• 246 field• $a = Title proper• $ b = Remainder of title• 1st indicator
– 0 = note, no added entry– 1 = note, added entry– 2 = no note, no added entry– 3 = no note, added entry
• 2nd indicator– blank = no type specified– 0 = portion of title– 4 = cover title– several other options
MARC Format for varying forms of title
246 3_ $a One hundred top internet job sites
Edition area
• “Transcribe a statement relating to an edition of an electronic resource that contains differences from other editions of that resource, or to a named reissue of a resource, as instructed in 1.2B.”
AACR2 9.2B1
• “Transcribe the edition statement as found on the item. Use abbreviations as instructed in appendix B and numerals as instructed in appendix C.”
AACR2 1.2B1
Edition area
2nd ed.
Version 5.20
MARC format for edition area
• 250 field
– $a = edition statement
– $b = remainder of edition statement
MARC format for edition area
250 _ _ $a 2nd ed.
250 _ _ $a Version 5.20
Publication area
• “In this area, record information about the place, name, and date of all types of publishing, distributing, releasing, and issuing activities.”
AACR2 1.4B1
• “Consider all remote access electronic resources to be published.”
AACR2 9.4B2
Publication area
Publication area
Publication area
Place of publication : Publisher, date of publication.
Manassas Park, Va. : Impact Publications, c2000.
MARC format for publication area
• 260 field
• $a = place of publication
• $b = name of publisher
• $c = date of publication
MARC format for publication area
260 _ _ $a Manassas Park, Va. : $b Impact Publications, $c c2000.
Exercise 2
• Title and statement of responsibility area
• Edition area
• Publication area
Physical description area
• Extent of item
• Other physical details
• Dimensions
• Accompanying material
Physical description area
• Extent of item - Direct access resources
– Record the number of physical units plus the name of the item (called the specific material designation or SMD). (AACR2 9.5B1)
Physical description area
• Extent of item - Direct access resources
– Terms listed in AACR2 are:
• computer chip cartridge
• computer disk
• computer optical disc
• computer tape cartridge
• computer tape cassette
• computer tape reel
Physical description area
• Extent of item - Direct access resources
“Optionally, use a term in common usage to record the specific format of the physical carrier.”
AACR2 9.5B2
• 2 CD-ROMs
• 1 DVD-ROM
• 2 photo CDs
Physical description area
• Extent of item - Direct access resources
1 computer optical disc
Physical description area
• Other physical details - Direct access resources
1 computer optical disc : col.
Physical description area
• Dimensions - Direct access resources
1 computer optical disc : col. ; 4 ¾ in.
Physical description area
• Accompanying material - Direct access resources
1 computer optical disc : col. ; 4 ¾ in. + 1 instruction manual.
Physical description area
• Extent of item - remote access resources
“Use an appropriate term taken from subrule .5B in one of the chapters of part I or a term in common usage.”
AACR2 9.5B3
1 electronic text
70 p.
Physical description area
• Other physical details - remote access resources
1 electronic text : HTML file.
70 p. : digital, PDF file.
MARC format for physical description area
• 300 field
– both indicators are undefined
– $a = extent of item
– $b = other physical details
– $c = dimensions
– $e = accompanying material
MARC format for physical description area
300 _ _ $a 1 computer optical disc : $b col. ; $c 4 ¾ in. + $e 1 instruction manual.
300 _ _ $a 1 electronic text : $b HTML file.
Series area
• “Record each series statement as instructed in 1.6.”
AACR2 9.6B1
• “If an item is issued in a series, transcribe the title proper of the series…”
AACR2 1.6B1
• “Make an added entry under the heading for a series for each separately cataloged work in the series if it provides a useful collocation.”
AACR2 21.30L1
Series area
Series area
Careersavvy series
Series area
Series area
Series area
Series area
Careersavvy series
Career savvy series.
MARC format for series area
• 490 field = transcribed form of series title
– $a = series statement
– $v = volume number/sequential designation
– 1st indicator
• 0 = series not traced
• 1 = series traced
– 2nd indicator = undefined
MARC format for series area
• 8XX field = authorized form of series title
• 830 field = title
– 1st indicator = undefined
– 2nd indicator
• 0 = no nonfiling characters
• 1-9 = number of nonfiling characters
– $a = uniform title
MARC format for series area
• 8XX field = authorized form of series title
• 800 field = personal name– 1st indicator
• 0 = forename
• 1 = surname
• 2 = family name
– 2nd indicator = undefined
– $a = personal name
– $t = title of a work
MARC format for series area
490 1 _ $a Careersavvy series
830 _ 0 $a Career savvy series.
Notes area
• System details
• Source of title proper
• Statements of responsibility
• Type and extent of resource
• Other physical formats available
• Summary
• Item described
• Reproduction
System details
• System details notes include system requirements and mode of access
System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader or other PDF viewer.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
Source of Title Proper
• This note is required for electronic resources (AACR2 9.7B3)
Title from title screen.
Type and extent of resource (Type of computer file or data)
• Use this note if this information is not found elsewhere in the record
Text (electronic book).
PowerPoint presentation with accompanying sound (optional).
Other physical formats available
• Other formats in which the content has been issued
Also issued in print form and in microform.
Summary
• Brief objective summary of the item
A personal tax return preparation program, featuring an interview designed to guide users through the process of filling out returns, automatic calculations, checks for inconsistencies and potential IRS audit flags, tax advice, a link to transfer financial data from Quicken, over 100 printed forms and worksheets, and the capability to print tax forms.
Item described
• “For remote access resources, always give the date on which the resource was viewed for description.”
AACR2 9.7B22
Description based on contents viewed August 10, 2010.
• Can also be combined with source of title note
Title from title screen (viewed August 10, 2010).
Reproduction
• “Transcribe the bibliographic data appropriate to the original work being reproduced...”
• “Give in a single note…all other details relating to the reproduction and its publication/availability.”
LCRI 1.11A
Electronic reproduction. Boulder, Colo. : NetLibrary, 2000. Available via World Wide Web.
MARC format for notes area
• 5XX fields
• 500 = general note (source of title, statements of responsibility, item described)
• 516 = type and extent of resource
• 538 = system requirements
• 520 = summary
• 530 = other physical formats available
• 533 = reproduction
System details
538 _ _ $a System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader or other PDF viewer.
538 _ _ $a Mode of access: World Wide Web.
Source of Title
500 _ _ $a Title from title screen.
Item described
500 _ _ $ a Description based on contents viewed August 10, 2010.
OR
588 _ _ $a Description based on contents viewed August 10, 2010.
500 _ _ $a Title from title screen (viewed August 10, 2010).
Type and extent of resource (Type of computer file or data)
516 _ _ $a Text (electronic book).
516 _ _ $a PowerPoint presentation with accompanying sound (optional).
Other physical formats available
530 _ _ $a Also issued in print form and in microform.
Summary
520 _ _ $a A personal tax return preparation program, featuring an interview designed to guide users through the process of filling out returns, automatic calculations, checks for inconsistencies and potential IRS audit flags, tax advice, a link to transfer financial data from Quicken, over 100 printed forms and worksheets, and the capability to print tax forms.
Reproduction
• 533 _ _ $a Electronic reproduction. $b Boulder, Colo. : $c NetLibrary, $d 2000. $n Available via World Wide Web.
• $a = type of reproduction
• $b = place of reproduction
• $c = agency responsible for reproduction
• $d = date of reproduction
• $n = note about reproduction
Standard numbers area
• 020 = ISBN
• 050 = LC call number
• 090 = local LC-type call number
• 082 = Dewey call number
• 092 = locally assigned Dewey number
Standard numbers areaISBN
• 020 field = ISBN
• both indicators are undefined
• $a = ISBN
• $c = terms of availability
• $z = cancelled/invalid ISBN
Standard numbers areaCall numbers
• 050 = LC call number
• 090 = local LC-type call number
• 082 = Dewey call number
• 092 = locally assigned Dewey call number
Standard numbers areaClassification of e-resources
Standard numbers areaClassification of e-resources
Main and added entries
• Handled the same way as for print resources
Main entries
Main entries
Ackley, Kristina, 1969-
MARC format for main entries
• 1XX fields
• 100 = personal name
• 110 = corporate name
MARC format for main entries
• 100 field = personal name– 1st indicator = type of personal name entry
• 0 = forename
• 1 = surname
• 3 = family name
– 2nd indicator = undefined
– Most common subfields• $a = personal name
• $d = dates associated with a name
• $q = fuller form of name
MARC format for main entries
• 110 field = corporate name
– 1st indicator = type of corporate name entry
• 0 = inverted name (pre-AACR2)
• 1 = jurisdiction name
• 3 = name in direct order
– 2nd indicator = undefined
– Most common subfields
• $a = corporate name
• $b = subordinate unit
MARC format for main entries
100 1_ $a Ackley, Kristina, 1969- $d 1969-
Added entries
Added entries
• Kelly, Christine Kuehn.
MARC Format for Added Entries
• 7XX fields
• 700 = personal name
• 710 = corporate name
MARC Format for Added Entries
700 1_ $a Kelly, Christine Kuehn.
Subject added entries
• Subject analysis is the same as for print resources
• There are no LCSH form subdivisions to indicate an electronic resource
Subject added entries
Subject added entries
Job hunting -- Computer network resources.
Internet.
MARC format for subject added entries
• 6XX fields
• 650 = topical subject headings
• 600 = personal name subject headings
• 610 = corporate name subject headings
• 2nd indicator shows which thesaurus the term comes from
• 0 = LCSH
MARC format for subject added entries
650 _0 $a Job hunting $x Computer network resources.
650 _0 $a Internet.
Genre/form added entries
• Not used by all libraries
• No standard term exists
Genre/form added entries
• Electronic books
MARC format for genre/form added entries
• 655 field– 1st indicator = type of heading
• Blank = basic
• 0 = faceted
– 2nd indicator = thesaurus• 0 = LCSH
• 7 = source specified in subfield 2
– Most common subfields• $a = genre/form
• $2 = source of term
MARC format for genre/form added entries
655 _7 $a Electronic books. $2 local
Exercise 3
• Physical description area
• Series area
• Notes area
• Standard numbers area
Additional Physical Form Entry
• 776 field
– 1st indicator = note controller
• 0 = display note
• 1 = do not display note
– 2nd indicator = display constant controller
• blank = available in another form
• 8 = no display constant generated
Additional Physical Form Entry
• 776 field
– Most common subfields
• $a = main entry heading
• $d = place, publisher, and date of publication
• $i = relationship information
• $t = title
• $z = ISBN
• $w = record control number
Additional Physical Form Entry
776 08 $i Print version: $a Ackley, Kristina M., 1969- $t 100 top internet job sites. $d Manassas Park, Va. : Impact, 2000 $z 1570231281 $w (DLC) 99089877 $w (OCoLC)43245968
Electronic location and access
• “The information required to locate and access an electronic item.”
OCLC Bibliographic Formats and Standards
• Applies to remote-access electronic resources
MARC format for electronic location and access
• 856 field– first indicator = access method
• blank = no information provided• 0 = email• 1 = FTP• 2 = Remote login (Telnet)• 3 = Dial-up• 4 = HTTP• 7 = method specified in $2
– second indicator = relationship• blank = no information provided• 0 = resource• 1 = version of resource• 2 = related resource• 8 = no display content
MARC format for electronic location and access
• 856 field – most common subfields
– $u = Uniform Resource Identifier
– $y = link text
– $z = public note
– $x = nonpublic note
– $3 = materials specified
MARC format for electronic location and access
856 4 _ $u http://www.netLibrary.com/urlapi.asp?action=summary&v=1&bookid=29001 $y Open e-book $z To access this material, you must have a netLibrary account. If you do not have an account and are a Nebraska State employee, please contact the Nebraska Library Commission Reference Staff (800-307-2665, 471-4016, [email protected]); otherwise, please contact your local library
Electronic location and accessOPAC display
Fixed fields (008)
Fixed fields (008)
Fixed fields
Fixed fields
• For a book:
– Type of Record (Type) = a
– Bibliographic Level (BLvl) = m
– Form of Item (Form) = s, o, or q
Fixed fields
• Type of Record (Type)
• Code for the significant aspect of the item’s content, not its physical form
• m only used for:
– computer software
– numeric data
– computer-oriented multimedia
– online systems or services
Fixed fields
Fixed fields
• For a computer file:
– Type of Record (Type) = m
– Bibliographic Level (BLvl) = m
– Type of Computer File (File) = depends on the resource (usually b)
Fixed fieldsFile codes
006 field
• If an item is not coded type “m”, use 006 field for electronic aspects of the item
• 006 uses same codes as the fixed fields
006 field
006 field
006 fieldType codes
006 fieldFile codes
007 field
• Codes in 007 field vary according to type of resource
• Use the ones for Electronic Resource
007 field
• $a = category of material
– c = electronic resource
• $b = specific material designation
– o = optical disc
– r = remote
• $d = color
– b = black and white
– c = color
007 field
• $e = dimensions
– n = not applicable
– g = 4 ¾ in.
• $f = sound
– blank = no sound
– a = sound
– u = unknown
• subfields g through l are optional
Summary of Codes
Element/Field Computer Content Text Content
Type m a
BLvl m m
Computer file 008 yes no
Book 008 no yes
Electronic resource 006 no yes
Electronic resource 007 yes yes
Adapted from table on p. 156 of Organizing Audiovisual and Electronic Resources for Access by Ingrid Hsieh-Yee, 2006.
Exercise 4
• Additional physical form entry
• Electronic location and access
• Fixed fields
• 006 & 007
Dealing with multiple versions of a resource
• Print and electronic versions of the same resource
• Electronic versions from multiple providers
Separate records vs. single record
• Dealing with print and electronic versions of the same resources
• “Creating separate records for an item is preferable…You may, however, find a single record approach is better for your local environment.”
“Cataloging Electronic Resources: OCLC-MARC Coding Guidelines”
Separate records
• Print item– Do not use 006 and 007 and do not code “Form of
Item”
– Note the availability of the electronic version in field 530
– Optionally, link to the electronic record with field 776
– Optionally, provide the location of remotely accessible version in field 856Cataloging Electronic Resources: OCLC-MARC Coding Guidelines
Separate records
• Electronic item– Include 006 and 007 and code “Form of Item” for
electronic
– Note the availability of the non-electronic version in field 530
– Optionally, link to the non-electronic record with field 776
– Provide the location of remotely accessible version in field 856Cataloging Electronic Resources: OCLC-MARC Coding Guidelines
Single record
• Record for print item with reference to electronic version– Do not include 006
– Optionally, include 007
– Do not code “Form of Item”
– Note the availability of the electronic version in field 530
– Provide the location of remotely accessible version in field 856
Cataloging Electronic Resources: OCLC-MARC Coding Guidelines
Provider-Neutral E-book Records
• Guidelines for provider-neutral e-monograph records were implemented in August 2009
• PCC members adhere to these guidelines, and it is recommended that non-PCC libraries do so as well
• Provider-Neutral E-Monograph MARC Record Guide: http://www.loc.gov/catdir/pcc/bibco/PN-Guide.pdf
Provider-Neutral E-book Records
• What is a provider-neutral record?
• “A provider-neutral e-monograph record is a single bibliographic record that covers all equivalent manifestations of an online monograph.”
Provider-Neutral E-Monograph Task Group Report,
July 2009
http://www.loc.gov/catdir/pcc/bibco/PN-Final-Report.pdf
Provider-Neutral E-book Records
• Why use provider-neutral records?
• “Catalog users often have difficulty understanding the rationale or the subtle differences between multiple records when searching through a cluster of very similar electronic resource records.”
Provider-Neutral E-Monograph Task Group Report,
July 2009http://www.loc.gov/catdir/pcc/bibco/PN-Final-Report.pdf
Provider-Neutral E-book RecordsDifferences from other records
• No notes or added entries for specific packages or aggregations
Provider-Neutral E-book RecordsDifferences from other records
• Multiple URLS may be included for packages that contain complete text
Provider-Neutral E-book RecordsDifferences from other records
• 533 fields will no longer be used
Provider-Neutral E-book RecordsDifferences from other records
• Variant provider-specific titles will be used in 246 field
• 246 1 _ $i Available from some providers with title: $a <title>
Provider-Neutral E-book RecordsDifferences from other records
• Publisher and dates will be those of the original monograph
Provider-Neutral E-book RecordsDifferences from other records
• Fewer notes
• Don’t use:
• type of computer file note (516)
• additional physical form note (530)
• reproduction note (533)
• system requirements (538)
Provider-Neutral E-book RecordsDifferences from other records
• “Description based on print format version” can be used when appropriate.
• Do not supply a source of title note when this is the case.
• 588 field is preferred over 500 field for this note
• 776 field is used in conjunction with this note
Provider-Neutral E-book RecordsDifferences from other records
• 300 field will start with “1 online resource”
• If available, include pagination in parenthesis.
• Include illustrative matter in $b
• Exclude $c
• Examine any $e to make sure it is still applicable
300 _ _ $a 1 online resource (25 p.) : $b ill.
Provider-Neutral E-book RecordsDifferences from other records
• ISBNs
“If there is an electronic ISBN as well as other ISBNs, record the e-ISBN in the field 020 $a as the first ISBN, record other ISBNs in 020 $z, and copy the print ISBN to field 776 $z. If it is unclear which format the ISBN represents - as often occurs with simultaneously issued versions - then use $z for any ISBN in the e-version record.”
Provider-Neutral E-Monograph MARC Record Guide
Provider-Neutral E-book Records
• Drawbacks
– Not all vendors are creating these records yet
– Can be challenging to collocate equivalent versions of an e-book
Exercise 5
• Provider-neutral records
Working with E-Monograph Records from Vendors
• Can require checking the quality of the records
Working with E-Monograph Records from Vendors
• Sometimes vendors provide records that are for print books
Working with E-Monograph Records from Vendors
• Be aware of record/system numbers and how they will overlay records already in your system
Working with E-Monograph Records from Vendors
• Keeping catalog up-to-date may be an issue
Thank you!
Emily Dust Nimsakont
Cataloging Librarian
Nebraska Library Commission
800-307-2665