CATAT Training

8/6/2019 CATAT Training

1/33

Technology for year round production of Pineapple in Tripura

Dr Jai Prakash

Division of FHT


2/33

The main constraints for year round

production of Pineapple

Long wet and dry period and erratic precipitation. Predominance of queen and Kew on farms. Lack of techniques among the growers. Peoples perception regarding pineapple cultivation. Poor organic matter & low moisture containing soils. Free grazing of animals especially during dry period. Poor communication for marketing during glut.


3/33

Varieties

Kew Plants are vigorous;

leaves have short sector of spines at the tip andmargins; fruits weighabout 1.5- 2.5 kg; eyes

are broad and shallowmaking it more suitablefor canning;

Dr. JAI PRAKASH, Scientist (Horticulture)


4/33

Queen

Most popular cultivar of Tripura. Plants- dwarf and compact;

leaves- short, spiny along

the margins; fruits weighabout 0.8 to 1.3 kg;

peduncle-short, fruitlets or eyes are small, deep set;

fruits although less juicier than the Cayenne group areless fibrous; TSS- 13 to 19Brix and acidity 0.6 to 0.8% .


5/33

Mauritius Fruits medium sized and

are of 2 types- yellow andred.

Yellow types- Oblong,fibrous and medium sweet. Red types- Oblong, lessfibrous and sweeter thanthe yellow types.

Leaves-yellowish green,spiny throughout themargin and the crown isalso spiny in both types.


6/33

PQM-1 Fruits medium sized and

suitable for table & canning purpose, fruit weight 0.9-1.4kg and late maturity.

Orange colour, Oblong,fibrous and medium sweet.

Leaves-reddish green,spiny throughout themargin and the crown isalso spiny, TSS 14-17.4brix


7/33

Propagation Pineapple is

commercially propagated by

suckers in Tripura.However, it canalso be propagated

by means of slips

and crowns butfruiting will be after two year of

planting


8/33

Planting, HDP ( across the slope and terrace)

PlantPopulation/ha.

Plant to plantwithin a row.(cm)

Row toRow(cm)

Trench-Trench(cm)

Yield(t/ha)

43,500 30 60 90 45.2

53,300 25 60 90 51.6

63,700 22.5 60 or 45 75 or 90 61.0

22000 45-60 90-120 15-18

55000 60 60 75


9/33


10/33


11/33

Triangular system of planting


12/33

ManuringFYM 25 to 30 tonnes/ haN 200 Kg/ ha

P 100 Kg/ haK 200 Kg/ ha

Application of fertilizers in three split doses isrecommended.1st: Onset of monsoon (June-July).2nd: End of monsoon (Sept-Oct).3rd: Feb-March as per rainfall.


13/33

Use of Different grades (weight) of Suckers cv. Queen

Weightof

sucker

(g)

Timeof

planting

FloweringTime

Fruitmaturity

Weightof

Fruit

(g)

TSS(0brix)

FruitYield

(t/ha)

900 15-30September

March May-June

650 16.5 31.36

600 15-30September

June-July October 1055 14.8 41.25

300 15-30September

July-August

December-January

1020 16.2 39.45


14/33

Off season fruiting Main season fruiting


15/33

Recommendation of AICRP on Tropical

fruits induce flowering in cv Kewept- Jan NAA 20 ppm (Planofix 2ml/ 4.5

lts of water) + 2 Urea.

arch-ay

threl 10 ppm + 2 Urea +0.04odium carbonate.

Allmonths

threl 25 ppm + 2 Urea +0.004 odium carbonate.


16/33

Why Ethrel for induction of flower

Several recommendations of chemicals are in India andabroad to induce the flower in pineapple plants with differentcombination and concentrations.It is accepted globally that each chemical i.e. Planofix, a -

naphthaleneacetic acid or B naphylacetic acid, Sodiumcarbonate, calcium carbide, B -hydroxyethyl hydrazine, Ethrelor Ethephon used to induce the flowering in and each of them produced ethylene in plant systemEach chemical excluding stimulate ethylene production in

plants which directly available in Ethrel and due to this itsefficacy is much higher which prove it as best chemical toinduce flower in pineapple and it is permitted by USDA also.World Health Organization calcium carbide is no longer

permitted for application in fruit industry in any form due to

its carcinogenic effect on human health.


17/33

Stage of chemical application Ethrel can induce the flowering at any stage of the

plant growth with different concentration but fruitsize and quality will be reduced drastically if appliedat early stage.

However optimum size of plant should forced toinduce flowering at right stage to get marketable sizeof fruits and without any adverse effect on ratooncrops.

Hence, stage of plants are denoted by the active leaf number in plant of pineapple i.e. 30-32 leaves inQueen, 34-36 leaves in Kew, 32-34 leaves in P QM-1,30-32 leaves in Mauritius under Tripura condition


18/33

Time of application After concluding various experiments on time

of chemical application and its efficacy toinduce flower in pineapple,

The evening application 3.00PM on wardsenhance the efficacy of chemical poured in theheart of pineapple plant are sprayed uniformlyin dense orchard.

The plantation exists under Agro-forestryrespond better even during 10.00AM to3.00PM. due to partially opening of stomata of leaves otherwise it is closed during sunlight.


19/33

Method of Application Ethrel concentration should be prepared and poured inthe heart of the plant (for small area and under lowdensity).

Where plant density is 43500 or higher the foliar application is better with foot sprayers or rock sprayers

to cover a large area. The 30-40ml solution is sufficient to induce theflowering on physiologically mature plant of pineappleand it start flowering in 50-55 days after application inmost of the month except December-January due tolow temperature which, delay flowering by 7-10 days. The application of chemical should be avoided if thereis rainfall before six hour of application and it should berepeated if rain was noticed within 10 hours after chemical application.


20/33

Inducing fruiting through chemicals


21/33


22/33


23/33

Staggered planting and application of Ethrel asinfluenced the flowering and fruiting of pineapple

Weight of sucker (g)

Time of Planting

Time of application

Concent-ration

FloweringTime

300-450g April 15 30 ov. 100ppm January

300-450g May 15 30 Dec. 100ppm February

300-450g June 15-30March 100ppm May

300-450g July 15-30April 150ppm June

300-450g August 15-30May 150ppm July300-450g September 1-15July 200ppm 20-30Aug

300-450g October 1-15 August 200ppm 20-30 Sept

Main Crop Sept.-Oct. ----- --------- Feb- March


24/33

Flowering and fruiting of pineapplecont

Weight of sucker (g)

Fruit maturity Fruitweight (g)

TSS(0brix)

Yield(t/ha)

300-450g 20 March-15 April 950 17.5 34.56

300-450g 20 April-5 May 1020 17.8 36.16

300-450g September 1150 14.5 43.52

300-450g October 1050 15.0 36.52

300-450g ovember 985 15.2 35.55300-450g Dec-Jan 850 15.0 33.57

300-450g Jan-Feb 750 16.2 32.39

Main Crop May to June 740 15.2 31.99


25/33


26/33

Dr. JAI PRAKASH, Scientist (Horticulture)


27/33

Improvement of fruit qualityPinching: Removal of crown leaves 1.5-2.0 cm after 30

days of fruit set. The maximum fruit weight (1.34 kg) wasrecorded under 30 days followed by (1.20 kg) in 40 daysand minimum (890g) under control.

Slips should be removed immediate after emergence; if number of slips will increase then fruit size and qualitywill decreases.

Encourage the growth of suckers it have positive impactover fruit quality and size.

Foliar feeding of N, Zn and Boron (1.5, 0.5 & 0.1%respectively) after 20 days of fruit set.


28/33


29/33

Pinching and Non-pinching


30/33


31/33

Management of Sun burn


32/33

Management of Sun burn by use of

shade net

100% fruits were free from sun burn


33/33

THANKS

Date post:	07-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	jai-prakash
View:	223 times
Download:	0 times

CATAT Training

Documents