THREATS
WAR
INDUSTRIES
TERRORIST ACTS
WAR
Iran/Iraq War
INDUSTRIES ACCIDENT
Bophal 1984
CARBIDE TRAGEDY
1984 86,000 CASUALTIES
TRUCKS TRANSPORTING CHEMICALS FROM ONE POINT TO ANOTHER
TERRORIST
ACTS
SARIN ATTACK
MAC 1995 – TOKYO
12 DEATH AND 3000
CONTAMINATED WITH SARIN
KASUMIGASEKI - 20 March 1995
Terrorist Chemical Weapon
LAB?
Requirement?
Location
Equipment
Knowledge
Manpower
Money
Motivation
Chemical source • Chemical factory (chlorine, peroxides, other industrial gases, plastics, and
pesticides)
• Food processing and storage facilities with large ammonia tanks
• Chemical transportation assets
• Gasoline and jet fuel storage tanks at distribution centres, airports, and
barge terminals
• Compressed gases in tanks, pipelines, and pumping stations
• Gold mine where cyanide and iodine (mercury) used
• Pesticide industries and distributors
• Tertiary, medical and research laboratory
CHALLENGES
MISCONCEPTIONS
•MANY CRITICS OF CURRENT CBRN RESPONSE
EFFORTS APPEAR TO BELIEVE THAT SINCE THEY
CAN IDENTIFY NO CBRN TERRORISM THREAT,
RESPONSES AS A WASTE OF MONEY.
•MANY PEOPLE APPEAR TO BELIEVE THAT THE
SOLE SOURCE OF CBRN THREATS COMES FROM
TERRORIST GROUPS.
INDICATORS – UNNECESSARY MATERIALS
INDICATORS – UNNECESSARY IPE
Pneumatic Disseminator
Utilizing Garage Door Opener
and Electric Solenoid
Package Ready for Delivery
to Target
Pneumatic Disseminator DISSEMINATION
The Acid Container Being
Mated With The Cyanide
The Chemical Reaction Device
Ready For Deployment to Target
Chemical Reaction
The Multi-Tiered
Shopping Mall
“An Ideal Target for a
Mechanical (Frangible)
Dissemination Device”
Mechanical Action
•250 ml Agent Container
•Closure Cap With Burster
Tube
•6.5 Gram Explosive Charge
•Electric Initiator/Detonator
The Optimal
Dissemination Device
IMPACT ASSESSMENT
DOWN WIND HAZARD PREDICTION
HAZARD MANAGEMENT
PROBABLE
TARGET
PROBABLE TARGET
Train Station Subway Station Airport Shopping complex Sport and cultural facilities Food processing factories Government and civilian offices School Hotel Public gathering area (eg: Election Booth, hall) Military camps Reservoir
CONCLUSION