of 20
CCM
CCM
CCM
11) False wall )Doubleteem) ( ()transversal interruption of the skin( .
12) Plating( )Solidified metal at the meniscus later entrapped into the skin .
13) False face (Skin transversal interruption due to separation of skin from bar in the forming stage)
.
14) Surface Slag( )
.
15) Heavy oscillation marks ( )
.
16) Healed breakouts ( ): (Solidified metal in the mold after a breakout)
.
17) Foldings and cold weldings ( ): (Molten metal solidified on solid skin in the mold) .
18) Aluminum surface deposits (clots)( ): (Normally longitudinally lined up) .
Internal Defects ( )1) Star cracks ( ):
Macrotching .
2) Internal cracks often associated to superficial depression ( )
Macrotching .
3) Central area cracks ( ):
Macrotching .
4) Macro inclusions: larger than 80 micron ( )
Macrotching . .
5) Central unsoundness: cavity or porosity in the central area ( )
Macrotching .
6) Blowholes ( ): )subcutaneous flows made by escaping gases(
Macrotching .
Shape Defects ( ): 1) Rhomoidity( ):)Inequality of diagonal in square or rectangular products(
. Rhomoidity : R= (D-d/ D)*100:R = D = d =
2) Concavity():)Concave distortion of one or more faces in squares or rectangular(
. .
3) Bulging( ): (Convex distortion of one or more faces in square or rectangular products)
.
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Eng/ Waleed Hassanein 16Eng/ Ibrahim 3lwany [email protected]
