Cities for ClimaExperiences and
from Southfrom South
MahallahProjects ClICLEI Local Governm
Seminar on Low Carbon InitiativesAdaptation to C
© ICLEI 2008
Adaptation to C16-17 May 2011 Asian Institute o
ate Protection: d Lessons Learnt heast Asiaheast Asia
h Adaliaoordinator
f i biliments for Sustainability
s of Cities for GHG Mitigation and Climate Change
www.iclei.org
Climate Change of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand
Outline
A. ICLEI – Local Governments fo
B Citi f Cli t P t ti CB. Cities for Climate Protection C
C CCP in Southeast AsiaC. CCP in Southeast Asia
D. Lessons Learned in CCP ImpleD. Lessons Learned in CCP Imple
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or Sustainability
C i (CCP)TMCampaign (CCP)TM
ementation in SEAementation in SEA
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A. About ICLEI
l f iICLEI-Local Governments for Sustaininternational local government asso
– a membership organization of locp gcommitted to sustainability
● an association of LGs dedicated to su● a movement of cities, towns, counties
associations accelerating sustainable daction; and
● an agency for sustainable developmen
ICLEI'●ICLEI's movemenimprovem
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focus on ecumulativ
bili ( ) inability (ICLEI) is an ociation.cal governments (LGs) g ( )
ustainable development; s, provinces and LG development through local
nt.
i i i t b ild d ld idmission is to build and serve a worldwide nt of local governments to achieve tangible ments in global sustainability with special
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environmental conditions through ve local actions.
A. About ICLEI
h● Founded in 1990 by cities at the UNew York as the International CouEnvironmental Initiatives.
● Rio 1992, Chapter 28 Local Agen2002 Johannesburg Call Local G2002, Johannesburg Call, Local G
● ICLEI-Local Governments for S
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i d i ( ) iUnited Nations (UN) in uncil for Local
nda 21, Johannesburg overnment Declarationovernment Declaration
Sustainability (2004)
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A. Who we are
Gl b l b hiGlobal membership: 1220 Local Gorepresenting over 500 million people wo
European Freiburg,
Canada OfficeToronto, Canada
USA Office
Mexico OfficeMexico City, Mexico
Boston, MA, USA
Latin America andLatin America and Caribbean SecretariatSão Paulo, Brazil
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overnments (LGs) in 70 countries orldwide and several LG associations
World Secretariat
Secretariat, Germany
World SecretariatBonn, Germany
Incl.Capacity Center, Climate Center
Japan OfficeTokyo, Japan
Korea OfficeJeju, Korea
South Asia Secretariat
Delhi, India Southeast Asia Secretariat
Manila
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Africa SecretariatCape Town, South Africa
Oceania SecretariatMelbourne, Australia
A. What we do
h l i i ll i l l● To help inspire collective local actcoordinates a series of campaigns d
GoalGoal1 Integrated sustainability policy2 Resource-efficient city
3 Biodiversity-Cities securing ecosystem services
4 Low carbon and climate neutral cities4 Low carbon and climate neutral cities
5 Resilient communities
6 Green infrastructure7 Green urban economy & jobs8 Healthy & happy communities
© ICLEI 2008
i d l i dtion, ICLEI develops, organizes and dedicated to various environmental issues.
Programs and activitiesPrograms and activities
Renewable energy: "Development of Solar Cities"; Evaluating CDM Potential, Energy Efficient CDM Project, Local Renewables
Climate Change: Cities for Climate ProtectionClimate Change: Cities for Climate Protection Campaign (CCP)Adaptation: Energy and Climate Change; Adaptation and Resiliencep
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A. What we do
h i d h● Each campaign and program has aframework designed to bring togetofficials, commercial representativlocal stakeholders in a vital effort tnecessary to implement real measu
● ICLEI supports all of its campaignassistance, environmental managemf di i i ifi ll d ifunding, training specifically desiggovernment, and networking to heICLEI Network) achieve their sust
© ICLEI 2008
i d ilan associated “milestone” ther city staff, elected ves, industry, and other to build the consensus ures and policies.
ns with technical ment tools, occasional
d f l lgned for local lp our members (i.e., the tainability goals
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A. What we do
C i A CCCClimate Advocacy – UNFCCC●ICLEI is the Local Government and MuAuthorities (LGMA) Constituency Focal the UNFCCC. ●Observer status at the UNFCCC, wherebICLEI acts on behalf of Local Governmfacilitating dialogue with national governmand the UNFCCC Secretariat.
ICLEI also has a partnership with the– UN-HABITAT Best Practices and
Leadership Programme. UNCSD United Nations Commis– UNCSD-United Nations CommisSustainable Development
– WMCCC-World Mayors CouncilClimate Change
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g
unicipal Point of
by ment ments
e : d Local
ssion forssion for
l on
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B. Cities for Climate Prote
h i i f li i TM (The Cities for Climate ProtectionTM (Cgovernments to adopt policies and i
● achieve quantifiable reductions in qemissions,
● improve air quality, and h b li bili d i● enhance urban livability and sustai
The campaign is based on a performanThe campaign is based on a performanaround five milestones that local govundertake.
Th il ll l lThe milestones allow local governmenmunicipal decisions affect energy usbe used to mitigate global climate ch
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community quality of life. www.iclei.or
ection Campaign p g
) i liCCP) Campaign enlists local implement measures to local greenhouse gas g g
i biliinability.
nce framework structurednce framework structured vernments commit to
d d hnts to understand how se and how these decisions can hange while improving
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rg/ccp
B. CCP Historyy
● Launched at the Municipal LeadeChange and the Urban EnvironmNations in January 1993 and co-syUNEP.
● ICLEI announced the project andto strengthen local governmentsimplement municipal energy polip p gy pemissions of greenhouse gases.– Movement: work together, gain m
Network: peer to peer exchange– Network: peer-to-peer exchange – Framework for action: 5 milesto
studies, replicate good examples, d l f l t ti ti
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develop useful statistics
ers' Summit on Climate ment, held at the United
sponsored by ICLEI and p y
d international campaign s' ability to develop and icies that reduce local
momentumand learningand learningone process for action, case have comparable results,
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B. CCP Goals
The primary goals of the Cities forCampaign are:
S h i f l l● Strengthening of local governm
● Dissemination of planning and m
● Research and development of b
● Enhancement of national and in
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r Climate Protection
iment commitment.
management tools.
est practices.
nternational ties.
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B. Why the Focus on LocGovernments?Governments?
L l li i ff ll j● Local government policies affect all majoremissions…
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cal
f hr sources of greenhouse gas
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B. Why the Focus on LocGovernments?Governments?
L l li i ff ll j● Local government policies affect all majoremissions…
© ICLEI 2008
cal
f hr sources of greenhouse gas
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B. Why the Focus on LocGovernments?Governments?
l li i ff● Local government policies affect a● Local governments oversee planni
management, transportation, infrasg , p ,● Local governments are connected t
public), and hold influenceL l h l d● Local governments are the leaders
© ICLEI 2008
cal
ll j f h i iall major sources of greenhouse gas emissionng, policies and regulations, waste structure, etc.,to all local sectors (including the general
!!
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B. CCP Five Mileston
l l● Local governments pass a resolutand undertake the following milestones:
1. Perform an energy and emissiprofile and forecast to a targetprofile and forecast to a target
2. Establish an emission reductiogoal
3. Develop a local action plan4. Implement the local action pla5. Monitor and report on the
implementation of the local action plan
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of the local action plan
nes
ition
ions t yeart yearon
an
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B. CCP support servict h i l i ttechnical assistance
i i f f l i h● Provision of a Software tool, with support;
● Training workshops that cover inv● Training workshops that cover invmethodology, measures selection aimplementation;
● Access to ICLEI best practices and
● City-to-city exchange opportunitieithi t d f d thwithin country and from around th
● Assistance in sourcing and securinfinancing for measures identified ifinancing for measures identified iplan; and
● Promotion of city-to-city twinning
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information sharing with the globa
ces and
i i dtraining and
ventoryventory and
d case studies;
es with cities h ldhe world;
ng project in the actionin the action
g and
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al community.
B. CCP GHG monitor
h l d i i h● The 1st tool used - Torrie Smith software
● Need for an on-line, multicountrmulti-lingual Internet-based softmulti lingual Internet based softtool was identified.– 2005: HEAT (Harmonized
E i i A l i T l)Emissions Analysis Tool) wasdeveloped by ICLEI USA and Oceania, with support from US
© ICLEI 2008
(US Agency for International Development)
ring toolg
ry, twaretware
s
SAID
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C. CCP in Southeast A
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Asia
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C. CCP in Southeast A
Af h f CC i A li● After the success of CCP in Australia,ICLEI expanded its implementation an
● CCP Philippines In 1999 the CCP● CCP Philippines – In 1999, the CCP cities with support from the US Agenc(USAID), the US Environmental Protof Energy and the Canadian Internatioof Energy, and the Canadian Internatio(CIDA).
● CCP Indonesia – In 2001 the CCP C● CCP Indonesia In 2001, the CCP Cpartnership with the National Cities Lwith technical assistance from GadjahTransportation Studies (PUSTRAL). a spo tat o Stud es ( US ).
● CCP Thailand - In 2002, the CCP Capartnership with the Thailand Environ
© ICLEI 2008
implementing agency, and supported b
Asia
d h A i, Europe and North America, nd support to LGs in Asia in 1998.
Campaign as la nched in 5Campaign was launched in 5 cy for International Development ection Agency, the US Department onal Development Agencyonal Development Agency
Campaign was launched inCampaign was launched, in eague (APEKSI) and USAID, and
h Mada University’s Center for
ampaign was launched, in nment Institute (TEI) serving as the
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by CIDA.
C. CCP Five Mileston
1 C i i f1. Conducts a baseline inventory and foand municipal (corporate) energy use, gemissions and waste generation for a ta
2. Sets a reduction goal along with a timpercentage reduction below the quantityin the baseline year. Reaching agreeme
li i l ill d f kpolitical will and creates a framework timplementation.
3. Develops a local action plan that outlimunicipality will reach its goal.
4. Implements the local action plan by femission sources and reduction measurlocal action plan.
5. Monitors progress and reports on resmonitoring of emission reduction measu
© ICLEI 2008
gquantify greenhouse gas and energy con
nes
f iorecast of community greenhouse gas arget year.
metable, usually as a y of emissions released nt on a goal fosters
id l i do guide planning and
ines how the
focusing on the res identified in the
sults by routine ures that typically
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yp ynsumption reductions.
C. CCP Process and F
OutcomesIncreased Awareness by Participating Cities of their Contribution to Climate Change
Improved capacity of participatns toaddress CC
Outputs
(1) Baseline GHG Emissions Inventory
(2) GHG Emissions
(3) GHG Emissions
d tiOutputs Inventory Forecast reduction or avoidance targ
Activities Workshops&
Software Customization/Training
Partic
© ICLEI 2008
Framework
Implementation of Local Action Plan Underway
o
Network of practioners established
Increased awareness of cities‘ actions to reduce the threatr of CC
(4) Local Action Plan;
(5) City-exchanges facilitatied
(6) Monitoring and reporting;Info on s ccess
getProject Implementation
facilitatied Info on success disseminated
Workshops&
Technical Assistance
City-to-City Exchanges and Information Dissemination
cipant Selection
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C. Milestones Achieveme
LG M1 M2LG M1 M2
Cagayan de Oro*
Cebu*
Naga*
Puerto Princesa*
Tagbilaran*Replicating Cities
Baguio
Batangasg
Bohol
Butuan
DagupanDagupan
Iloilo
Makati
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Mandaue
San Fernando, LU
ent -Philippinespp
2 M3 M4 M52 M3 M4 M5
*pilot cities
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Milestone was completed
p
C. Milestones Achieveme
LG M1 M2LG M1 M2
Bogor*
Surabaya*
Yogyakarta*Replicating Cities
Balikpapan
Bandung
Cilegon
Denpasarp
Medan
Pontianak
SemarangSemarang
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ent -Indonesia
M3 M4 M5M3 M4 M5
*pilot cities
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Milestone was completed
p
C. Milestones Achieveme
LG M1 M2LG M1 M2
Chiang Mai*
Nonthaburi*
Phuket*
Rayong*Replicating Cities
Muang Klang
Tung Song
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ent -Thailand
M3 M4 M5M3 M4 M5
*pilot cities
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Milestone was completed
p
C. Measures Implemented bSoutheast AsiaSoutheast Asia
● Energy Efficiency– Streetlights Retrofit (Butuan, C
Semarang, Yogyakarta)g, gy )– Energy Efficient Building Des
Puerto Princesa, Rayong, TungT ffi Li h R fi LED– Traffic Lights Retrofit to LEDPhuket)
– Local Government Industrial PEfficiency (Bogor, Cebu)
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by CCP Cities in
Cagayan de Oro, Cebu,
signs (Cagayan de Oro, gsong)
(M k i M kls (Makati, Muangklang,
Partnerships for Energy p gy
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C. Measures Implemented bSoutheast AsiaSoutheast Asia
● Curbing Emissions from Transp– Promotion & use of alternative
Mai, Surabaya), y )– Managing the supply of motor
vehicles (Baguio, Balikpapan, E i i T i I i– Emissions Testing, Inspection (undertaken by almost all SEA
– Promotion of Non-motorized T
© ICLEI 2008
by CCP Cities in
porte fuels (Baguio, Chiang
rized public utility Puerto Princesa)
d M iand Maintenance A-CCP Cities)Transport (Yogyakarta)p ( gy )
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C. Measures Implemented bSoutheast AsiaSoutheast Asia
● Waste Diversion– Community-Based Materials R
(Butuan, Mandaue, Naga, Tun( , , g ,– Organic Fertilizer from Biodeg
Tungsong)
● Tapping Energy from Waste– Biogas Projects (Cebu, Denpas
● Carbon SequestrationUrban Greening/Forestry (und– Urban Greening/Forestry (undSEA-CCP Cities)
– Mangrove reforestation (Boho
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Tagbilaran)
by CCP Cities in
Recovery Centers gsong)g g)gradable Waste (Naga,
sar, Rayong, Yogyakarta)
dertaken by almost alldertaken by almost all
l, Puerto Princesa,
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C. Measures (Actions)( )
Two complementary approaches●improve Local Government opera●set policies to change communityset policies to change community
– opportunity– motivation
Examples●promote energy efficiency througp gy y g●improve solid waste management
– recover methane, reduce wa●provide additional transportation●provide additional transportation
© ICLEI 2008
))
sations (corporate)y’s habits (community)y s habits (community)
gh procurementg pt
aste, compost
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D. Lessons Learned in CImplementation in SEImplementation in SE
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CCP EAEA
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D. Lessons learned
1. Since local governments were ththe campaign, the support and clocal officials and senior departmlocal officials and senior departmactive involvement of the municand operators ensured commitm
i f il tprogression from one milestone– The role of a key political pr
the mayor – helped to focusthe mayor helped to focus campaign and mobilized peogroups to engage.
© ICLEI 2008
he key stakeholders in onsensus of elected ment officers, and thement officers, and the cipal management staff
ment and quick t t to next.
romoter– in this case attention on theattention on the
ople from various
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D. Lessons learned
2. The CCP Campaign was intendgovernment action; therefore, inin local government practice andin local government practice andcritical to its successful implem
© ICLEI 2008
ded to inspire local ntegrating the campaign d methodologies wasd methodologies was entation.
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D. Lessons learned
3. Greenhouse gas emissions invengroundwork for any GHG emissi
– Developing strategies and ev– Developing strategies and evprograms required a certain the data.
4. Many local authorities lack the td li t dmanage and measure climate and
is traditionally not their area of e
© ICLEI 2008
ntories is an important ion reduction action. valuating policies andvaluating policies and level of specificity in
technical capacity to d i lit i itd air quality issues as it expertise.
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D. Lessons learned
5. Reporting is a critical componenof a performance based program
– Reporting by the local goverReporting by the local govercommunity improves undersknowledge of the issues. ICLi di id l l l tindividual local governmentprogram achievements to nawider regional and internatiogthe profile and credibility of
© ICLEI 2008
nt to the effectiveness m such as the CCP.
rnments to thernments to the standing and LEI’s and the t ’ tits’ reporting on ational government and onal forums increased f the program.
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D. Lessons learned
6. Global issues are likely to be adoif co-benefits–secondary benefiimplementing the campaign–suimplementing the campaign suresponsibility; urban livability; economic development, are hig
Th b fit f li t– The co-benefits of climate p• reduce municipal operati• reduce air pollution and p• improve public health• green the city• boost local economic dev• boost local economic dev• create local jobs
© ICLEI 2008
opted at the local level its derived from
uch as improving fiscaluch as improving fiscal quality of life; and hlighted and promoted.
t tiprotectioning coststraffic congestiong
velopmentvelopment
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D. Lessons learned
h l l id7. When local governments considerethe rate of return on that investmentwhether they adopt new technology
– Energy efficient street lightingmotors and pumps are the mosfinancial payback period of 12financial payback period of 12lighting and signals and 18-24 motors and pumps.Wh l i– When large investments are refrom the national government addition, a shortage of financiagives rise to the necessity of ex
© ICLEI 2008
d ki ied making an investment, t often determines
y.g, traffic signals, electric st popular with a quick 2 to 18 months for street2 to 18 months for street
months for electric
i d fi i lquired, financial support becomes necessary. In al capacity similarly xternal funding.
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D. Lessons learned
8. It was difficult for some local aueffective, local urban energy and management in the context of rapmanagement in the context of raplarge-scale investments.
– Local authorities were under pinvestment and industrial deveinvestment and industrial devesustainable energy systems areadvantageous in the long run, t
i lrequire large resources.
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uthorities to develop transportation
pid development andpid development and
pressure to attract elopment and whileelopment, and while e economically their initial development
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D. Lessons learned
9. Some central government subsipollution laws are not effectively it more difficult to reduce GHG eit more difficult to reduce GHG e
10. Emissions from vehicles have al l i lit h l llocal air quality, however local auto effect vehicle efficiency policietraditionally established at the naty
© ICLEI 2008
dizes energy; and enforced—these made
emissions.emissions.
a significant impact on th iti bluthorities were unable
es, which are tional level.
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D. Lessons learned
11. When setting targets for GHG governments were reluctant to enconcern handled by the central goconcern handled by the central go
– Political support from the cehigher regional authorities, i
i t f li texistence of policy support sfacilitate the implementation
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reductions, some local nter a national political overnment.overnment. entral government and in particular the
t d d tsystems, are needed to n of measures.
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D. Lessons learned
12. Cities learned best from other peers. – For addressing climate chanFor addressing climate chan
important to deliver the mesother cities already taking ac
– Building a network of citiesan important part of the CCPprovided peer-to-peer suppoprovided peer to peer suppo
© ICLEI 2008
cities and trust them as
nge, it was especiallynge, it was especially ssage together with ction. to share knowledge is P program because it ort.ort.
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D. Lessons learned
13. Program sustainability was alwcity leaders and trainees change– When the mayor changes p– When the mayor changes, p
often change too. There areand political dynamics that c(Officials and Staff who leavand skills with them.)
14. The long-term nature of the chachange and sustainable developg plimited political mandate of mo
© ICLEI 2008
ways at risk because e. olicies and prioritiesolicies and priorities
e changes in budget, can create challenges. ve take their capacity
allenges of climate pment challenged the p gost local governments.
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D. Lessons learned
15. Local governments were discouof recognition and support for theclean air and climate stability.clean air and climate stability.
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uraged about the lack eir role in achieving
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Thank
www.ICLocal Gov
Implementing Sustai
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k you.
LEI.orgvernmentsinable Development
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