CDMA 2000 1X - Bharat Sanchar Nigam...

For BSNL internal circulation only

E2-E3

CM

CDMA 2000 1X Overview


WELCOME

This is a presentation for the E2-E3

Consumer Mobility Module for the Topic:

CDMA 2000 1X Overview

Eligibility: Those who have got the

Upgradation from E2 to E3.

This presentation is last updated on 17-03-

2011.

You can also visit the Digital library of BSNL

to see this topic.


CDMA

CDMA (code division multiple access) is

a mobile digital radio technology that

transmits streams of bits and whose

channels are divided using codes (PN

sequences).


CDMA2000-1X New Features

High speed packet data capabilities;

Increased mobile standby battery life;

Total backward compatibility to reuse

switch and call processing features;


CDMA2000-1X New Features

Forward link

Fast power control

IS-95 -- 50Hz (every 20 ms )

IS-2000 -- 800Hz (every 1.25 ms)


Spectrum Flexibility

Providing full functionality in multiple spectrum bands

Providing more frequency options

450M uplink: 450 — 457.475(MHz)

downlink: 460 — 467.475(MHz)

800M uplink: 824 — 849(MHz)

downlink: 869 — 894(MHz)

1900M uplink : 1850 — 1910(MHz)


2100M uplink: 1920 — 1980 (MHz)



Evolution of CDMA

Networks

CDMA technology was late entrant into 2G landscape.

Earlier CDMA technology was used in defense establishments

as a more secure form of communication.

First deployment of CDMA in commercial cellular systems

was in 1994-95 only with IS-95 A as air-interface standard

and IS-41 in core network; the complete network known as

cdmaOne.


Evolution of CDMA Networks

Next evolutionary step was use of IS-95B air interface standard

which supported maximum data rate up-to 64 kbps to a user.

Further in CDMA 2000 1x version many of the limitations of

earlier IS-95 standard were overcome and new features

were added.

As a result CDMA 2000 1x has a higher voice capacity and

better handling of packet data services.


CDMA Evolution


Subsystems in CDMA 2000 1X

• BSS( Base station Subsystem)

• MSS( Mobile Switching Sub-system)

• OMC( Operation maintenance Center)


BSS

• BTS

• BSC


MSS

• MSC

• VLR

• HLR

• SC

• AUC

• PSTN

• ISDN

• SME


Mobile switch center (MSC)

• Performs control and switching to the mobile stations

within the area that it serves.

• It is responsible for setting up, managing and clearing

connections as well as routing the calls to the proper

user.

• It provides the network interfaces, the charging function

and the function of processing the signaling.

• MSC get data for call handling from 3 databases:

VLR/HLR/AUC


Visitor location register (VLR)

• The VLR also stores necessary

information for the establishment of calls in

the database for the MSC to search.

• Visitor Location Register(VLR)

• VLR is a dynamic database used by MSC

for information index. It stores all related

information of mobile subscribers that

enter its coverage area, which enables

MSC to set up incoming and outgoing calls.


VLR

• Subscriber parameters include: subscriber number, location area identity (LAI), user’s status, services which subscriber can use and so on.

• When the subscriber leaves this area, it should register in another VLR, and the previous VLR will delete all the data about this subscriber.

• VLR can be built together with the MSC or set separately.


HLR includes the following two

types in information:

• Subscription information

• Subscriber-related information stored in

the HLR


Subscription information

• Some location information that enables he

realization of call routing.


The HLR also contains the following

mobile subscriber information:

• Data services

• IN services

• Short message service data

• Service restriction (such as roaming

restriction)

• Supplementary service parameters


HLR

• HLR: It is a static database. When a user

apply for mobile service, all data about this

subscriber will be stored in HLR.

• Information:

• ----Subscriber information

• ----The mobile subscriber location

(MSC/VLR address), so as to set up the

call route to the MS.


Authentication center (AUC)

• It implement mobile subscriber

authentication, stores the mobile

subscriber authentication parameters, and

is able to generate and transmit the

corresponding authentication parameters

based on the request from MSC/VLR.


Data stored in AUC

• 1. Authentication key (A_KEY);

• 2. Share secret data (SSD);

• 3. Mobile identification

number/international mobile subscriber

identity (MIN/IMSI);

• 4. Authentication algorithm


Short message center (MC or SC)

• The short message center works in

coordination with other entities such as

MSC, HLR to implement the reception,

storing and transfer of the short messages

from CDMA cellular mobile communication

system subscribers, and store subscriber-

related short message data.


Operation and maintenance Center

(OMC)

• The OMC provides the network operator

with network operation and maintenance

services, manages the subscriber

information and implements network

planning, to enhance the overall working

efficiency and service quality of the system


Interfaces

Um Interface

Abis interface

A-interface

B-interface

C-interface

D-interface

E-interface

F-interface

H-interface

M-interface

N-interface

Q-interface


Um Interface

• Um interface defines the communication interface between MS and BTS, also called air interface.

• • It realizes the compatibility between all kinds of MS and different BTS, so that the MS can roaming.(It is an open interface)

• It realizes the physical connection between MS and CDMA network.(that is wireless link).


Abis interface

• The interface between BTS and BSC,

used for remote connection.

• 2.048 Mb/s PCM digital link


A Interface

• A-interface is an open interface (between

MSC and BSC)

• This is mainly used to transmit the

following information:

• 1. BSS management information,

• 2. Call processing, and

• 3. Mobility management information.


B Interface( MSC to VLR)

• When the MSC needs the subscriber data

of the particular MSC area, the MSC is to

inquire the VLR; in the case of mobile

station location updating, the MSC will

request VLR to store the related

information


C-interface

• Interface between the MSC and the HLR.


D-interface

• Interface between VLR and HLR

• This interface is used for switching of

subscriber location information,

authorization information and service data. • The HLR sends the subscriber service data required by

the VLR. The switching data usually occurs when a

subscriber requests for a special service, or when a

subscriber or network operator modifies the subscriber

data.


E- Interface

• When a mobile station roams from one

MSC to another, the MSC will perform

handoff in order to keep the subscribers’

conversation uninterrupted. In this case

data switching must be implemented

between the MSCs.

• Interface between MSC and MSC


F Interface

• When the mobile station is in

communication, and the MSC

authenticates the mobile station, it has to

inquire the EIR, so as to determine

whether the mobile station is legal

• Interface between MSC and EIR


H Interface

• When the HLR receives an authentication

request from an MS, the HLR gets data

from the AUC. When the AUC initiates the

authentication instruction to the MS, the

AUC transfers the authentication

information to the subscriber via the HLR.

• Interface between HLR and AUC


M-interface

• Interface between MC and SME and MC


N Interface

• When the short message center sends a

short message to a subscriber, if the

called subscriber’s address information is

not available, it has to inquire the HLR for

the subscriber’s route before it can send

the short message to the subscriber.

• Interface between HLR and MC


Interface between MC and MSC

(Q-interface)

• During the submission and reception of a

short message, short message transfer

needs to be conducted between the short

message center and mobile switching

center. At the same time, when the

subscriber’s short message capability

changes, the mobile switching center

needs to notify the short message center

in time.


Interface between MSC and OMC

• This interface conforms to the network

requirements of TMN, and provides

standard Q3 interface


(Ai/Di Interfaces)

• The CDMA digital cellular mobile network

inter-works with PSTN/ISDN through the

mobile switching center (MSC) and

provides voice, data and certain

supplementary services for subscribers.

• Interfaces with PSTN/ISDN


Features MSS system

• High-reliability and high-performance

database system

• Networking capability - large capacity and

flexible configuration

• Virtual HLR and SC functions

• Powerful service functions


Architecture of CDMA2000 1X


What is CDMA2000 1xEV-DO?

Next Generation

Performance

Today!

The Next Enabling

Technology for

Growth

• 1xEV-DO is a high-performance and cost-

effective Internet access solution

• Capable of up to 2.4 Mbps peak data rate on a 1x

(1.25 MHz bandwidth) carrier

• Separate 1xEV carrier optimized for Packet Data


Dual Mode Operation with 1x/EVDO

As 1xEV-DO supports only data traffic, a total voice

and data solution needs integrating cdma2000 1x and

1xEV-DO

Dual mode handset keeps same IMSI any time.

Dual mode handset can simultaneously monitor two

systems paging message.

When dual mode handset is in active state under 1xEV-

DO, it will periodically monitor 1X system paging

channel To guarantee not to miss 1X voice call.

Packet data service handoff can happen between 1x and

EVDO


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