CE 003 Water Resources Engineering

8/12/2019 CE 003 Water Resources Engineering

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Water Resources EngineeringJOHN PEPARD MENDOZA RINCHON

Civil Engineering Department

Technological Institute of the Philippines QC

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Part I: Introduction to Water

Resources EngineeringLesson I:

Water Resources and Social Development

Subject Intended Learning Outcomes (SILOs):

At the end of the meeting the student shall be able to:

Define concepts of Water Resources and Engineering.

Distinguish different Social and Political Processes.

Identify the social important of Water and its Resources.


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General Background: Water and Its

ResourcesWater Resources are sources of water

that are useful or potentially useful. Uses

of water include agricultural, industrial,

household, recreational andenvironmental activities. Virtually all of

these human uses require fresh water.

(Source:Wiki/Water Resources)


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Water Distribution


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What is Water Resource Engineering?

Water resources engineering is theprofession that is responsible for the

planning, development and management of

water resources. From estimating theamount of water available to designing the

physical and non-physical infrastructure

needed to meet the water needs ofsociety and the environment.


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What is Water Resource Engineering?

Aside from the engineering andenvironmental aspects of water-resources

systems, their feasibility from legal,

economic, financial, political, and socialviewpoints must also be considered in the

development process. (Source: Chin 2006)


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Scope of Water Resources Engineering

Water and Wastewater treatment plantdesign

Water Distribution, Wastewater and

Storm water Sewer SystemsRiver Engineering, Hydraulics,

Hydrodynamics, Sediment Transport,

Contaminant Transport, RiverMorphology, Ice-covered rivers .


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Irrigation Engineering

Hydraulic Structures (reservoirs,

floodways, dams, dykes, spillways & sluice

gates, channels, water intakes)Groundwater and Seepage, well design,

seepage control, underground

contaminant transport


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Drainage Canals

Surface Runoff Analysis

Hydrology, winter hydrology, climate

change

Extreme events: floods, torrents,

mudflows, debris flows

Coastal Engineering: wave analysis, coastalsediment transport and maritime

hydraulics structures.


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Design of Water Resource System

Designing of Water Resources Systems areclassified into three approaches:

Frequency-Based Design

Risk-Based Design

Critical Event Design

(Source: Chin 2006)


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Frequency-Based Design

The system is designed in such way the itcan accommodate all lesser events up to

and including the selected exceedance

probability event, meaning the system isexpected to fail when the design event is

equal to the exceedance probability. This

is commonly used in designing the minorstructures of urban drainage system.

(Source: Chin 2006)


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Risk-Based Design

In Risk based design, the system is designin the way that the sum of capital cost

and the cost of failure is minimized. Note

that capital costs tend to increase andthe cost of failure tends to decrease with

increasing system capacity.

(Source: Chin 2006)


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Critical-Event Design

This design approach generally consider thea catastrophic failure, where the water-

resources systems are designed for large

possible magnitude of a hydrologic event.In which the hydrologic variable in this

case is referred to as the estimated

limiting value. (Source: Chin 2006)


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Water Resources System

Water Resources Systems are broadlycategorized as:

Water-Control Systems are primarily

designed to control the spatial andtemporal distribution of surface runoff

resulting from rainfall events.


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Water Resources System

Water-Use Systems are designed tosupport human habitation and include

water-treatment systems, water-

distribution systems, waster-collectionsystems and wastewater-treatment

systems.

(Source: Chin 2006)


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Water Laws And Agencies

Generally, design of water-resource systemsusually involves interactions with

government agencies as to design

criterions, development permits, and data(e.g. hydrologic and geologic) is concern.

The following are some of the key water-

resources agencies and water laws in thePhilippines:


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Administrative Order No. 94 Providingmeasures for the optimum utilization of

water resources in Metro Manila.

Clean Water Act An act providing for acomprehensive water quality management

and for other purposes.

Executive Order No. 123Reconstitutingthe NationalWater Resources Board.


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Executive Order No. 159 Directed alldepartments, bureaus, offices, units and

agencies of the national government

including government-owned andcontrolled corporations to revise their

fees and charges at just and reasonable

rates sufficient to cover at least the fullcost of services rendered.


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Executive Order No. 124-A AmendingExecutive Order No. 124, dated 30

January 1987, reorganizing the

Department of Public Works andHighways, redefining its powers and

functions, and for other purposes.


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Executive Order No. 279 Institutingreforms in the financing policies for the

water supply and sewerage sector and

water service providers and providing forthe LWUA's organizational structure and

operations in support thereof.


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Executive Order No. 546 Following thereorganization of the Ministry of Public

Works and Highway (MPWH), the

NWRC being its attached agency, isconsequently abolished and all its

technical functions are transferred to the

Bureau of Research and Standards (BRS).


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Memorandum Order No. 244 Approvesand directs the Water Summit with the

Cabinet Cluster G as head coordinator.

NEDA Board Resolution No. 4 A 6-month Technical Assistance Study on

Strengthening of NWRB is to be

completed in response to therecommended reforms.


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Presidential Decree No. 424 Creating aNational Water Resources Council,

reconstituting its membership, vesting the

same with powers to coordinate andintegrate water resources development,

and providing funds therefore.

Republic Act 8041An act to address theNational Water Crisis and for other

purposes.


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Presidential Decree No. 1067 A decreeinstituting a water code, thereby revising

and consolidating the laws governing the

ownership, appropriation, utilization,exploitation, development, conservation

and protection of water resources.


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(Source: Country Paper - National Water Sector Apex Body)


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National Water Resources Board

(NWRB)The NWRB is responsible for ensuring

the optimum exploitation, utilization,

development, conservation and

protection of the country's waterresource, consistent with the principles of

Integrated Water Resource Management.


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Functions of NWRB

The NWRB's functions and responsibilitiesare three-fold:

Formulation and coordination of policies,

programs and standards relating to thePhilippine Water Sector;

Management and regulation all water-

related activities; andRegulation and monitoring of water

utilities.


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Water Agency Hierarchy

Water Agency

LWUALocal WaterUtilities

AdministrationWater Districts

MWSS Metropolitan

Waterworks andSewerage System

Maynilad

Manila Water


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Part I: Introduction to Water

Resources EngineeringLesson II:Introduction to Water-Related Software

Subject Intended Learning Outcomes (SILOs):

At the end of the meeting the student shall be able to:

Enumerate the common water-related software.

Know the different application.

Identify its important to water resources system design.


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Water-Modeling Software

EPANET

HEC Platforms,

Autodesk CIVIL 3D,

SWMM


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EPANET - is a public-domain, waterdistribution system modeling software

package developed by the United States

Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA)Water Supply and Water Resources

Division.


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EPANET

It performs extended-period simulation ofhydraulic and water-quality behavior

within pressurized pipe networks and is

designed to be "a research tool thatimproves our understanding of the

movement and fate of drinking-water

constituents within distribution systems".


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EPANET Features

Hydraulics Simulation Computation ofHead loss; Head Flow curves for pump;

Uses Gradient Method (Todini and Pilati

1987).Water-Quality Simulation includes the

capability to model water age and predict

flow of non-reactive and, under simplifiedconditions, reactive materials (Rossman

200)


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Hydrologic Engineering Center

(HEC), an organization within

the Institute for Water Resources, is the

designated Center of Expertise forthe U.S.Army Corps of Engineers.


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HEC

HEC supports technical areas of surfaceand groundwater hydrology, river

hydraulics and sediment transport,

hydrologic statistics and risk analysis,reservoir system analysis, planning

analysis, real-time water control

management and a number of otherclosely associated technical subjects.


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HEC Features

HEC covers large number of Softwarerelated for Hydrologic and Hydraulics

Data modeling some of this are:

HEC-RASHEC-HMS

HEC-


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HEC-RAS


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HEC-


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SWMM Model Parameters

For sub catchments: surface roughness,depression storage, slope, flow path

length.

For Infiltration: Horton: max/min ratesand decay constant.

Green-Ampt: hydraulic conductivity, initial

moisture deficit and suction head.


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Curve Number: NRCS (SCS) Curvenumber.

All: time for saturated soil to fully drain.

For Conduits:Manningsroughness.Water Quality: buildup/washoff function

coefficients, first order decay coefficients,

removal equations.


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A study area can be divided into anynumber of individual sub catchments, each

of which drains to a single point. Study

areas can range in size from a smallportion of a single lots up to thousands of

acres. SWMM uses hourly or more

frequent rainfall data as input and can berun for single events or in continuous

fashion for any number of years.


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CE 003 Water Resources Engineering

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