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7/24/2019 CED823 Module 1A
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CED823: Structural Design 3
Timber Design
BasicTimberDesignDefinitionandTheories
RAUDENB.PANOTES,CE,MSSt
CE Instructor
Definitionof
terms
Diaphragm is ahorizontalornearlyhorizontalsystemactingtotransmit
lateralforcestotheverticalresistingelements.Whendiaphragmisused,it
Section602ofNSCP6th Edition,2010
nc u es rac ngsys em.
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Definitionofterms
ConventionalLight
Frame
Construction is
atype
of
construction
whose
primarystructuralelementsareformedbyasystemofrepetitivewood
framingmembers.
Definitionof
terms
Fiberboard isafibrousfelted,homogeneouspanelmadefrom
lignocellulosic fibers(usuallywoodorcrane)havingdensityoflessthan
497kg/cu.m butmorethan160kg/cu.m
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Definitionofterms
Hardboard is
afibrous
felted,
homogeneous
panel
made
from
lignocellulosic fibers(usuallywoodorcrane)consolidatedunderheatand
pressure inahotpressto497kg/cu.m
Definitionof
terms
GluedBuiltUpMembers arestructuralelements,thesectionsofwhich
arecomposedofbuiltuplumber,woodstructuralpanelsorwood
structuralpanelsincombinationwithlumber,allpartsbondedtogether
with adhesive..
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Definitionofterms
Grade theclassificationoflumberinregardtostrengthandutility in
accordancewith
the
grading
rules
of
an
approved
lumber
agency.
Stressgradeissimplysortingaproductionrunintogroupsthathave
simi arproperties.T egroupingo t epropertiescan eany
mixtureofappearanceandstructuralproperties.
80%StressGrade
63%StressGrade
50%StressGrade
UnseasonedWood
SeasonedWood
Unseasonedwoodmeanstimberhasnotyetdriedto
moisturecontentmatchedtoitsintendedenvironment(12%
Definitionof
terms
or n oor, ou oor .
SeasoningisoftenperformedinKilnswhichinmostcasesare
heatedbyfossilfuels.
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StructuralPropertiesofTimber80% STRESSGRADE UNSEASONEDTIMBER
StructuralProperties
of
Timber
80% STRESSGRADE UNSEASONEDTIMBER
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StructuralPropertiesofTimberUNSEASONEDTIMBER
StructuralProperties
of
Timber
UNSEASONEDTIMBER
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Definitionofterms
NominalSize
the
commercial
size
designation
of
width
and
depth,
in
the
standardsawnlumbergrades;somewhatlargerthatthestandardnetsize
ofdressedlumber,inaccordancetoPNS.
Definitionof
terms
Woodstructuralpanel isastructuralpanelproductcomposedprimarily
ofwoodandmeetingtherequirementsofthePNS.Woodstructuralpanels
includeallveneerplywood,compositepanelscontainingacombinationof
veneer and woodbased material and matformed anel such as oriented ,
boardandwaferboard.
waferboardItisastructuralmaterialmadefrom
rectangularwoodflakesofcontrolledlengthand
thicknessbondedtogetherwithwaterproof phenolic
resin underextremeheatandpressure
orientedboardisknownassterlingboard,
sterlingOSB,aspenite,andsmartply inBritish
English,isan engineeredwood particle
boardformedbyaddingadhesives andthen
compressinglayersof wood strands(flakes)in
specificorientations.
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Definitionofterms
Plywood is
an
panel
of
laminated
veneers
conforming
to
PNS
ConstructionandIndustrialPlywoodandUBCStandard233,Performance
Standardforwoodbasedstructuralusepanels.
veneer referstothin
slicesofwood,
usuallythinnerthan
3 mm(1/8inch),
thattypically
are g ue on ocore
panels
Definitionof
terms
Treatedwood iswoodtreatedwithanapprovedpreservativeunder
treatingandqualitycontrolprocedures.
Woodtreatmentrefersto
protectingwoodfromdamage
causedbyinsects,moisture,and
decayfungi.
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TypicalStructuralComponentsBendingMembers
Theseare
structural
elements
that
carry
transverse
loads
loads
that
are
perpendiculartothelongitudinalaxisoftheelementsubjectedtoloading.
Rafters
TypicalStructural
Components
BendingMembers
Thesearestructuralelementsthatcarrytransverseloads loadsthatare
perpendiculartothelongitudinalaxisoftheelementsubjectedtoloading.
Joists
BeamsandGirders
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TypicalStructuralComponentsAXIALMEMBERS
Theseare
structural
elements
carrying
axial
or
longitudinal
loads
loads
thatareparalleltothelongitudinalaxisoftheelementbeingsubjectedto
loading.
ColumnsorPosts
Verticalmembersthatcarry
compressiveloads.Usuallymade
ofsawnlumberorglulam and
sometimescarrybendingloads
duetolateralloadsoreccentricity
ofaxialloads.Largerthanwall
compressiveloadsfromgirders.
WallStuds
Axialmemberloadedincompressionspacedinfairlycloseintervals
(typically,300,400,or600mm).
TypicalStructural
Components
AXIALMEMBERS
Thesearestructuralelementscarryingaxialorlongitudinalloads loads
thatareparalleltothelongitudinalaxisoftheelementbeingsubjectedto
loading.
TrussElements
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TypicalStructuralComponentsSTRUCTURALPANELS
Sometimescalled
shells
or
plates.
Resist
shear
forces
(from
lateral
loads)
and/orbending(fromverticalloads).
Thinstructuralelementloadedinitsplane.Makesuptheflooror
roof.
Shearwall
Basicallynotastructuralelementsinceitscomposedofmore
basiccomponents studsandsheathings.Resistsshearloadings
duetolateralloads.Usedtopreventoverturning,rackingor
slidingofstructures
TypicalStructural
Components
STRUCTURALPANELS
Sometimescalledshellsorplates.Resistshearforces(fromlateralloads)
and/orbending(fromverticalloads).
Shearwall
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TypicalStructuralSystemsinWoodBuildings
ROOFFRAMING
TypicalStructuralSystemsinWoodBuildings
ROOFFRAMING
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TypicalStructuralSystemsinWoodBuildings
ROOFFRAMING
TypicalStructuralSystemsinWoodBuildings
ROOFFRAMING
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TypicalStructuralSystemsinWoodBuildings
WALLFRAMING