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Céline LAFABRIEOlivier PRINGAULTAsma SAKKA HLAILIChristophe LEBOULANGER Rutger DE WIT
Anthropization of Mediterranean lagoon ecosystems:
impact of chemical contaminationon the functioning and diversity
of first pelagic trophic levels
Final Workshop of the START/MaghLAG ProjectBizerte (Tunisia) 25-27 June 2012
Goods and services- High productivity- Nursery and feeding zones- Biodiversity hotspots, etc.
Coastal lagoons
High anthropic pressures
Urbanization AgricultureIndustries
Chemical contamination
Þ Threatened/endangered ecosystems2
© OzCoasts (G
eoscience Australia) 2
012
High importance in geochemical cycles
Fundamental roles in ecosystems functioning(O2 production, organic matter transfer…)
Sensibility to xenobiotics
Base of food webs → Control of upper trophic levels (“bottom-up” regulation)
Phytoplankton
3
Photosynthetic pelagic
organisms↓
Play a major part in lagoon ecosystems
Aim of the study
To determine effects of resuspended contaminated sediment on phytoplankton diversity and functioning
To evaluate the selection pressure that chemical contamination may exert on phytoplankton communities
Original and innovative approachPluridisciplinarity (chemistry/biology) – Multicontamination
4
Impact of chemical contaminationon natural phytoplankton communities
Interesting site to evaluate phytoplancton
sensibility to contaminants
COMETE, 2005
High chemical contamination
pressures
Menzel Abderahman
Bizerte
Menzel Bourguiba
Urban areas and main chemical releases
PolycyclicAromaticHydrocarbons (PAH),Tracemetals
Pesticides
Trace metals
N
1 km
Size = 11 x 13 kmArea = 15 000 haMean depth = 8 mMax. depth = 12 m
Bizerte lagoon
Mediterranean Sea
Tunisia
Study sites
CS
L
M
5
Primary production
Growth
Specific diversity
Physiological activities
Experimental protocol
In situ experiments
Laboratoryanalyses 2 x 5-days investigations
Contaminated sediment elutriate
(prepared from site CS sediment and water)
Phytoplancton
exposition
Phytoplancton(from site L and site M)
6
Þ Comparisons of « control microcosms » with « contaminated microcosms »
First results
7
Nutrients seem to strongly influence responses of phytoplankton exposed to contaminated sediment elutriate, stimulating growth and counterbalancing the possible harmful effects of contaminants
0 24 48 72 960123456789
10
Control Exposed to elutriate
Time (h)
PN (µ
mol
O2/
L/h)
Net production
0 24 48 72 960
2
4
6
8
10Contrôle Exposed to elutriate
Time (h)
Resp
irati
on (µ
µmol
O2/
L/h)
Respiration
UMR 5119 ECOSYM « Écologie des systèmes marins côtiers » (Montpellier) - M. Troussellier et M. Bouvy
RéseauxPlancton (RESEAUX)
Populations planctoniques (DROP)
Algues toxiques (ETDA)
Benthos / Pelagos (BIP)
PHYTOPLANKTON
COLLABORATION
JEAI ECOBIZ (2012-14)Ecology of south-mediterranean coastal lagoons
Impact of anthropization on the diversity and functioning of first pelagic trophic levels in the Bizerte lagoon
Resp.: M.N. Daly Yahia (FSB); Cor. AIRD: O. Pringault (IRD, ECOSYM)
FSB (Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Tunisie)
Project insertion
8
Tunisie
France
Espagne
Italie
Algérie
Maroc
Libye Egypte
TurquieGrèce
Chypre
SlovénieCroatie
Boznie-Herz.
Monténégro
Albanie
Malte
Syrie
Liban
IsraëlTerritoires
palestiniens
Þ North-South comparisons of coastal lagoons within the Mediterranean basin
Perspectives
9
10
Réseau d’Etude des Ecosystèmes des Eaux de Transition
Founded in 2006
Ambition to network people working in France (including overseas) on coastal ecosystems, coastal lagoons, coral reef lagoons, estuaries => “Transitional Waters”
Web-site: www.reeet.univ-montp2.fr
Major activities so far
Budgets LOICZ (Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone) working group continues to collaborate with lagoon managers
Organization of the 4th European Conference on Coastal Lagoon Research (=> EuroLag: European Coastal lagoon symposium)
REEET - France
11
14-18 December 2009, in Montpellier
319 participants from 21 countries
3 special issues being prepared: Hydrobiologia, Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, and Transitional Waters Bulletin
14
20 June - Hydrobiologia SI, 7 out of 9 published on-line
20 June – SI ECSS15 out of 16 published on-line