Cell Physiology:

Cell StructureAnd

Function

Identify and explain the various cell processes that take place with regards to cell boundaries.

1. Explain the cell theory and the researchers contributions.

2. Distinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Describe the anatomy & physiology of all cell components.

Objectives

Humans have an estimated 10 trillion cells.

There are more bacterial cells in the body than human cells.

Your skin loses about 30000 to 40000 dead skin cells from the surface almost every minute!

The largest known cell is an unfertilized ostrich egg cell.

If you unraveled all your chromosomes from all your cells, the strands would stretch from Earth to Moon ~ 6,000 timesC

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1. Robert Hooke– 1665– English scientist

– Observed cork under microscope

Cork Activity

Cork oak tree

It reminded him of small rooms in which monks lived…so he named them . . .

He said cork consisted of “great many little boxes”.

CELLS

1674 18381665

Robert HOOKE Anton van LEEUWENHOEK *created lenses (275x)*first to observe living organisms *observed bacteria and sperm cells (animalcules) *father of microbiology

Matthias Jakob SCHLEIDEN*botanist *cell theory - all plant parts are made of cells *very odd man; shot himself in the head; saved by a friend and lived to study cells

History of the Cell

18551839

Theodor SCHWANN

*cell theory - all living things are composed of cells

*set foundation of modern histology

Rudolf Ludwig Karl VIRCHOW

*cell theory - all cells come from preexisting cells

*father of pathology

*created a standard procedure for autopsies

Life is Cellular

Video from: http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-wacky-history-of-cell-theory

1. All living things are composed of cells

2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living things.

3. ALL cells come from preexisting cells.

1.SHAPE – • The shape of the cell is based on the

function the cell needs to perform.

Structure = Function

• Different types of cells have different shapes.

Based on the following cell shape,what do you think the function is?

Cell Diversity

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2. SIZE –Cells vary in size from

macroscopic to microscopic

Cell Size Demo: See lab handout

Size examples

Ostrich egg

What is the largest cell???

The smallest cells = bacteria

Microscopic cellsMacroscopic cells

3. INTERNAL ORGANIZATION:

• cells contain organelles to organize their inside material

• Organelles= tiny organs

prokaryote Eukaryote

Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Chart

Fill in what you know with a partner. Have at least 5 points for each and an example. You may use

your notes and textbook.