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Cell Structure and FunctionCell Structure and Function
Biology 2121 Biology 2121 Chapter 3Chapter 3
• Organelles – specialized structures
• Cytoplasm • Cytosol - collodial mixture • Inclusions
• Important Organelles • Mitochondria – ATP synthesis • Ribosomes – protein synthesis • Peroxisomes
• Catalase and oxidase enzymes – detoxification • Centrioles – animal cell mitosis • Cytoskeleton – support
• Endomembrane System
• Nucleus• DNA-Chromosomes and genes
• Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum • Ribosomes and modification of proteins
• Golgi Apparatus• Modification of proteins – export or import
• Lysosomes
• Fluid Mosaic Model – Selectively Permeable
• Phospholipid Bilayer• Polar Heads – face water
• Hydrophilic • Nonpolar Fatty acid tails
• Hydrophobic
• Proteins • Transmembrane – Integral• Peripheral
• Cholesterol
• Tight Junctions• Epithelial cells – skin and digestive tract• Impermeable junctions
• Gap Junctions- “nexus”• Communication • Transmembrane proteins – connexions • Heart and smooth muscle
The Role of The Role of Proteins Proteins • Transport
• Intercellular Joining
• Cell to Cell Recognition• Glycoproteins
• Attachment site for Extracellular Matrix and Cytoskeleton