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Cell Theory
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF CELLS!
Two objects were invented in Holland ~1600’s: a telescope and a microscope
Van Leeuwenhoek Van Leeuwenhoek
was the first to observe living cells
He studied bacteria from teeth and protozoa from pond water
He used the microscope to study MICROORGANISMS
http://www.nhc.ed.ac.uk/images/collections/invertebrates/protozoa/LgParasitic.jpg
Hooke Hooke used the
microscope to study plant stems, wood and cork
Unable to observe living cells, but named them “chamber cells”
First to pioneer the study of cells
http://woodscience.oregonstate.edu/images/RProgs_dougfircross(60).jpg
http://www.concord.org/~btinker/workbench_web/unitIV_revised/starch/images/leaf_cells_annot.jpg
http://www.microscopyu.com/galleries/smz1500/images/corkcellslarge.jpg
Other discoveries… Robert Brown saw
a dark structure near center of the cell, the nucleus
Matthias Schleiden stated all plants are made up of cells
Theodor Schwann stated animals are made up of cells too.
http://137.222.110.150/calnet/cellbio/image/typical%20cell%20nucleus-electron%20micrograph.jpghttp://images.encarta.msn.com/xrefmedia/aencmed/targets/illus/ilt/T059292A.gif
http://137.222.110.150/calnet/cellbio/image/typical%20cell%20nucleus-electron%20micrograph.jpg
Cell Structures The cells of all organisms have 3
basic structures: Cell Membrane Nucleus Cytoplasm
There are a few that are different from plant to animal cells: Plants have Cell Walls and Vaculoes,
animals cells DO NOT
http://sun.menloschool.org/~birchler/cells/animals/nucleus/nucleus1.jpg
http://www.cs.utexas.edu/users/s2s/latest/cell1/src/images/cell_membrane.jpg
http://discover.edventures.com/images/termlib/c/cytoplasm/support.gif
Prokaryotic Cells Lack membrane-bound
nucleus Genetic material is in
circular loops called PLASMIDS
Very small 3 shapes:
rod shaped Spherical Spiral
Binary Fission
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html
Eukaryotic Cells Membrane-bound
nucleus Genetic material is
contained in the nucleus Eukaryotes are typically
multicellular Animals Plants Fungi Protists
Divide by sexual/asexual reproduction
http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/cm1504/Image125.gif