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CELLS
CELLS
CELLS
COMMON CHARACTERISTICS The smallest particle of a living thing Can move Perform complex activities Grow and develop Respond and adapt to their
environment All reproduce
TWO KINDS OF CELLSEukaryotic
Animal CellsPlant Cells
ProkaryoticBacteria
TO SURVIVE, THEY NEEDEnergyFood and WaterOxygenLiving spaceAbility to maintain a constant
temperatureCold bloodedWarm blooded
SPONTANEOUS GENERATIONWhen people thought animals
could just spring to life from non-living things
Francesco Redi
CELL THEORYThe 4 Basic Components of the Cell:1. All organisms are composed of one or
more cells. 2. The cell is the basic unit of life in all living
things. 3. All cells are produced by the division of
preexisting cells. 4. Cell activity depends on the activities of
sub-cellular structures within the cell(organelles, nucleus, plasma membrane)
CHEMISTRY OF LIVING THINGS
NON-LIVING MATTERSmallest substance of non-living
things?Elements / Atoms
Combinations of elements?Compounds
ORGANIC/INORGANICOrganic substances
Composed of compounds that include carbon
Inorganic substancesComposed of compounds that
do not include carbon
ORGANIC COMPOUNDSSome compounds are essential to
basic lifeCarbohydratesFats and oilsProteinsEnzymesNucleic acids (DNA)
TRANSFER OF SUBSTANCESDiffusion
Osmosis
Active Transport
DIFFUSIONDiffusion: where substances move
from a higher concentration to a lower concentrationNot always in a cellThe cell membrane is selectively permeable…it permits only certain substances (oxygen, water and food molecules) to diffuse into the cell
OSMOSIS
Diffusion involving the most important component of a cellWATER
Click the image to watch a short
animation.
ACTIVE TRANSPORTUsing some of the cell’s energy to
“carry” substances in or out of the cell
The cell DOESN’T do it on its ownNeed ENERGY
Click the image to watch a short
animation.
CELL DIVISIONA process a cell goes through
when splitting into two daughter cells (cells that are genetically the same as itself)
Process is called Mitosis
Click the image to watch a short
animation.
