THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF LIFE

ROBERT HOOKE - 1665

DISCOVERED CORK CELLS USING A

MAGNIFYING GLASS

CORK CELLS

- BY ROBERT HOOKE

LOUSE

- BY ROBERT HOOKE

LEEUWENHOEK - 1674

• INVENTED MICROSCOPE

• DISCOVERED BACTERIA

MICROSCOPE

ONION CELLS

CHEEK CELLS

DYEING TO SEE

• IODINE • SAFRANINE• METHYLENE BLUE• THERE WILL BE A GRADATION IN

COLOUR DUE TO THE DIFFERENCE IN THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE VARIOUS PARTS OF THE CELL

ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

- 1940

MAGNIFYING 500,000 TIMES

Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells

CELL WALL

THE SECRET OF RIGIDITY

CYTOPLASM

CYTOPLASM– A CLOSE UP

FRAMEWORK THAT

STRENGTHENS THE CELL

CYTO SKELETON

ENDOPLASMICRETICULUM

ENDOPLASMICRETICULUM

- A CLOSE UP

PLASTID

CHLOROPLAST

THE KITCHEN

CHLOROPHYLL

CHROMOPLASTS

MITOCHONDRIA

MITOCHONDRIA

THE POWER HOUSE OF THE

CELL

RIBOSOMES

GOLGI BODY

DICTYOSOMES

CENTROSOME

CENTRIOLES

CENTRIOLES

- THE SUICIDE BAGS

LYSOSOME

LYSOSOME ACTION

VACUOLES

VACUOLE

VACUOLES IN ANIMAL CELL

CELL INCLUSIONS - THE NON LIVING CONSTITUENTS

• WATER• MINERALS• SALTS• SUGAR• PROTEINS

NUCLEUS

NUCLEOLUS

RNA

RNA - 3D STRUCTURE

CHROMOSOMES

….IN COLOUR

CHROMOSOME - 3D STRUCTURE

DNA

DNA - 3D STRUCTURE

DNA - ANOTHER VIEW

FLAGELLA OR CILIA- FOR

LOCOMOTION

BACTERIALFLAGELLUM

CILIA

CILIA IN ACTION

No PLANT CELLS ANIMAL CELLS

1 Cell walls always present

No cell walls present outsidethe cell membrane

2 Plastids occur in cytoplasm

No plastids are found

3 Lysosomes not usually not

evident

Lysosomes occur in cytoplasm

4 Centrioles present only in cells of lower

plant forms

Centrioles always present

5 Large vacuoles filled with cell sap

Vacuoles, if present, aresmall or temporary

ACETABULARIA

BEHEMOTH AMONG PLANT

CELLS

ALGA GROWING TO A HEIGHT OF 10cm

BACILLUS BACTEREIA

0.1 - 0.5 MICRONS

RBC

CELLS WITHOUT NUCLEUS

SKIN CELLS

SPERM CELL

OVUM

DIATOM

AMOEBA

AMOEBA 3D VIEW

EUGLENA

EUGLENA STRUCTURE

FIBROBLASTS

HELPS IN WOUND HEALING

FIBROBLASTS IN MOUSE EMBRYO

SMOOTHMUSCLE CELLS

CELLS WITH MORE THAN ONE NUCLEUS

CARDIAC CELLS

CARDIAC CELLS STRUCTURE

PARAMECIUM

FAT CELLS

FAT CELLS3D VIEW

LIVER CELL

NEURON

NEURON3D VIEW

Cell

Division

MITOSIS

META PHASE A CLOSE UP

MEIOSIS

THANKS