Celtic MusicCeltic Music

Sabrina MillerSabrina MillerBubba Wyman

In the beginning:In th b g nn ng:

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IntroductionIntroduction • Th t f th C lt th l f th • The ancestors of the Celts were the people of the

Urnfield culture, so-called because they buried their dead in cremation urns in flat ground. Between 1200 and 700 BC, they spread

t d f th i t E westward from their eastern European homeland into the area of modern Austria, Germany, Switzerland, and France. Here, there culture developed into a recognizably Celtic f Th li f C l i l i form. The earliest stage of Celtic culture is called the Hallstatt, after a village in the Austrian Salzkammergut where archeologists discovered important artifacts. At hallstatt and other places with the 'hall' (salt) name - Hallein, Helle, Schwabisch Hall - the Celts' wealth was based upon salt extraction and sale. The technology of iron, too, was embraced by gy yinnovative Celtic blacksmiths, who produced the best metal in Europe, which was in great demand outside Celtic Areas. An important two-way trade developed between the Celts y pand the Greeks, both in their homeland, and their colonies in what is now southern France.

• Food and feasting was important in early Celtic societies, and lavish hospitality still survives hospitality still survives

• The Celts were also skilled and inspired stonemasons and metalworkers Celtic art is widely metalworkers. Celtic art is widely recognized for its originality and outstanding quality

• These days most people think of Ireland and Scotland ( d f C B ) h h h h C l i (and for us Cape Breton) when they hear the term Celtic music, however its meaning reaches far beyond the borders of Ireland and Scotland Celtic music is a generic borders of Ireland and Scotland. Celtic music is a generic term that encompasses the songs and music, traditional to contemporary, of the Celts, namely the Irish, Scottish, p y yWelsh, Cornish, Manx (from the Isle of Man), Breton (from Brittany in France) and Galician (from Galicia in S i ) lSpain) peoples.

The Celtic culture can be observed in places like:p

•IrelandS tl d •Scotland

•Cape Breton•Wales part of United KingdomWales part of United Kingdom

•Cornwall westernmost point of the English mainland

•Brittany historical region in France

•Galicia region in Spain

•Asturias region in northwestern Spain

I l f MIsle of Man between the coasts of Northern Ireland and England

Celtic MusicCeltic Music• Celtic music is music that evolved from the folk music traditions of the Celtic people • Celtic music is music that evolved from the folk music traditions of the Celtic people

of Northern Europe. There is no real collection of music that can specifically described as Celtic.

• Celtic music mainly means two things. The first is the music of the people calling themselves Celts ( a non-musical more political definition) as opposed to saying themselves Celts ( a non-musical, more political definition), as opposed to saying “French music” or “English music”. And the second is whatever meaningful qualities may be unique to the music of the Celtic Nations. Some insist there is absolutely nothing in common, such as Geoff Wallis and Sue Wilson in their book ‘The Rough Guide to Irish Music’, whereas others, such as Alan Stivell, say there is.g , , , y

• Most often, the use of the term Celtic music is used referring to the music of Ireland and Scotland, because both places have created well-known distinctive styles which actually have genuine commonalities and clear mutual influences. The Irish and Scottish traditional musicians themselves are famous because of the importance of

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Irish people in the English speaking world. • The music of Whales, Cornwall, Isle of Man, Brittany, Northumbria, Galicia,

Cantabria and Asturias, and Northern Portugal are also part of Celtic Music, the Celtic tradition being particularly strong in Brittany, where Celtic festivals, both large and

ll t k l th h t th small, take place throughout the year.

• http://www.ramsisle.com/celtic/webradio.htm#Scottish%20Gaelic

typestypesJi 6/8• Jig 6/8

• Reel 2/4 • (reel) aa bb (jig) cc dd (reel) ab cd( ) (j g) ( )• The jig and the reel are together at times.

InstrumentsInstrumentsB i• Bagpipes- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3n9hbYwZZqk using enclosed reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag. A bagpipe minimally consists on an air supply, a bag, a chanter, and usually a drone. Some bagpipes also have additional drones bagpipes also have additional drones

• Melodeon-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aK_HSyWpsqY A diatonic button accordion, its a type of button accordion where the melody-side keyboard is limited to the notes of diatonic scales in a small number of keys (sometimes only limited to the notes of diatonic scales in a small number of keys (sometimes only one). The bass side usually contains the principal chords of the instrument's key and the root notes of those chords.

• Concertina-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_5HqVSMFycfree reed instrument bellows and buttons typically on both ends. When pushed, the yp y pbuttons travel in the same direction as the bellows, unlike accordion buttons which travel perpendicularly to it. Also, each button produces one note.

• Mandolin-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_wmg1wuSMGAp y geight double courses of gut strings tuned similarly to lutes, and plucked with fingertips. It has a body with a teardrop-shaped soundboard, or one which is essentially oval in shape, with a sound hole, or sound holes, of varying shapes which

are open .

• Button Accordion-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S Va0ojp-Dk On button Button Accordion http://www.youtube.com/watch?v S_Va0ojp Dk On button accordions the melody-side keyboard consists of a series of buttons. A chromatic button accordion is a type of button accordion where the melody-side keyboard consists of uniform rows of buttons arranged so that the pitch increases chromatically

l di lalong diagonals

• Piano Accordion- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVUI1rKGxtA A type of accordion having a right-hand or left-hand keyboard similar to a piano.

• Hammered dulcimer-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sIwqU_8U7iM is a stringed musical instrument with the strings stretched over a trapezoidal sounding board. The instrument is typically set at an angle on a stand in front of the musician, who holds a small mallet called a hammer in each hand with which to strike the who holds a small mallet, called a hammer in each hand with which to strike the strings. invented in Iran roughly 2000 years ago, where it is called a Santur.

• Bodhran-http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QSRytQKzS1k A goatskin head is tacked to one side The other side is open ended for one hand to be goatskin head is tacked to one side. The other side is open ended for one hand to be placed against the inside of the drum head to control the pitch and timbreSome professional modern bodhrán integrate mechanical tuning systems similar to those used on drums found in drum kits.

ComposersComposers

• • Julia Clifford• Born Julia Murphy in;• J 19 1914 J 18 1997• June 19, 1914 – June 18, 1997• Born in Lisheen, Gneeveguilla, a small

village in County Kerry, Ireland• a fiddler and Irish traditional musician• taught the fiddle by noted fiddler from the

same area, Padraig O'Keeffe.• moved to Scotland and worked as a maid

and in 1941 married accordion player John and in 1941 married accordion player John Clifford

• In the Eighties and Nineties her reputation grew, being invited to perform at folk clubs and festivals She performed on trips back to and festivals. She performed on trips back to Ireland and was introduced to TV audiences

Frances Black• born in Dublin and her musical career

began at 17, professional singing debut was in 1986

• joined the band Arcady in 1988j y• first appeared as a solo artist on the

music scene in the early 1990s• involvement in the “Woman's Heart”

albums and tours placed Frances firmly albums and tours placed Frances firmly in the public eye

• has since released seven best-selling solo albums, including her critically acclaimed album “How High the Moon”acclaimed album How High the Moon

Musical associations:• The Black Family: 1986-1988, 2000-

present • Arcady: 1988-1992 • Frances/Kieran Goss: 1992-1993 • solo: 1993- presentsolo: 1993 present

Chrissy Crowley• the latest young Celtic musician to

emerge from Cape Bretong p• traditional fiddler and recording artist • http://www.chrissycrowley.com/rec

ordings.htmg• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=

w-L3GgrsIKI

Erik ChisholmErik ChisholmB 4 J 1904• Born 4 January 1904Glasgow, Scotland

Died 8 June 1965• Died 8 June 1965Cape Town, South Africa

• Composer and conductor• Composer and conductor

• Organist, choirmaster, director

• He had formed the Scottish Ballet Society (1928) and the Active Society for the Propagation of Contemporaryfor the Propagation of Contemporary Music (1929) with Francis George Scott and Pat Shannon

William CoulterWilliam CoulterA d C l i B 1959 O i i Rid d• A renowned Celtic composer, guitarist, performer, recording artist, and teacher

• Born 1959 Origin Ridgewood, New Jersey, USA

• Since 1981 he has explored the world of traditional music

• Genre- Traditional Irish, folk, jazz

the world of traditional music as a soloist. • Occupation-

Composer/Musician • Earned a second master's

degree in music from the University of California-Santa

p

• Instrument- Guitar University of California Santa Cruz in Ethomusicology

• Years active- 1981 to Present

Ronan BrowneRonan BrowneI i h i i d W b i D bli i 1965• Irish musician and composer who plays the uilleann pipes.

• Was born in Dublin in 1965 into a very strong musical background

• Has contributed music to the film soundtracks of Circle of Friends, Robin of Loxely, The

• His grandmother, Delia, the wife of Dr. T.J. Kiernan, Irish

Secret of Roan Inish, Streets of Gold, Gangs of New York, and the television series, B i i it All B k H

Ambassador to the Vatican, Australia, Germany, USA, and Canada, brought Irish musical

lt t diBringing it All Back Home

• Has been involved in over 75

culture to audiences throughout the world.

album recordings since his first venture into the studio in 1982