Center Church Crypt Conservation Assessment

CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT Center Church Crypt, New Haven, Connecticut

January 14, 2010

New England Cemetery Services Jonathan Appell, principal Nick Pedemonti Edward G. FitzGerald

New England Cemetery Services West Hartford, CT 06107 27 Miles Standish Drive

Phone: (860) 558-2785 Fax: (860) 232-6656 E-mail: [email protected]

Index New England Cemetery Services

Conservation Assessment: Center Church Crypt

1� Introduction ...................................................................................... 2�

2� Past Conservation Efforts .................................................................. 2�

3� Condition Survey ............................................................................... 4�3.1� SITE ......................................................................................................... 5�3.2� GENERAL PROBLEMS ................................................................................... 5�3.3� PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH SPECIFIC STONE TYPES ................................... 6�

4� Applied Preventive and Remedial Measures ..................................... 8�4.1� CLEANING ................................................................................................. 8�4.2� TISSUE REMOVAL ....................................................................................... 8�4.3� RESETTING ................................................................................................ 8�

5� Recommended Treatment Program .................................................. 9�5.1� PREVENTIVE MEASURES .............................................................................. 9�5.1.1� Humidity Control ........................................................................................ 9�5.1.2� Visitor Use Guidelines .................................................................................. 9�5.2� ACTIVE CONSERVATION MEASURES .............................................................. 9�5.2.1� Cleaning .................................................................................................. 10�5.2.2� Desalination ............................................................................................. 11�5.2.3� Consolidation ........................................................................................... 12�5.2.4� Monitor Lead Encasements ......................................................................... 13�5.2.5� Remove Lead Encasements/Reset Markers ................................................... 14�5.2.6� Repair Patching ........................................................................................ 14�

6� Estimate of Costs ............................................................................ 16�

Appendix A: Glossary

Appendix B: Individual Marker Assessments Appendix C: Structural Engineer’s Report Appendix D: Products and Manufacturers

New England Cemetery Services

Conservation Assessment: Center Church Crypt | 2

1 INTRODUCTION In June 2007, Jonathan Appell, principal conservator at New England Cemetery Services (NECS), was contacted by James W. Campbell of Center Church in New Haven, Connecticut, to conduct a condition assessment of the grave markers located in the basement Crypt of the Church’s facility at 311 Temple Street. Caretakers of the Crypt had noted accelerated deterioration of the grave markers despite past conservation and stabilization efforts. The services of NECS were secured to conduct an assessment of the markers exhibiting the highest degree of damage and deterioration, to carry out initial conservation and stabilization treatment of those markers, and to produce a report documenting the applied treatments and recommend a program to prevent further deterioration of the markers. The Center Church Crypt has a unique history. The Church congregation first erected a building on the site located at 311 Temple Street, adjacent to the New Have Green, in 1639. This early frame structure was replaced by a larger facility in 1670, then by a brick structure in 1770 and finally, by the current facility in 1815. Throughout this period, the Church property also served as a central burying ground for New Haven. However in 1814, when construction of the present Church facility began, the burial ground was no longer in use. Due to spatial limitations of the Church property, bounded by Temple Street to the West and the inactive burial ground to the East, the architect of the 1815 Church facility devised a solution to expand the footprint of the Church to meet the growth of its congregation by erecting the new facility over a portion of the old burial ground. The graves located within the expanded footprint were left undisturbed and incorporated as a crypt beneath the new facility. Thus, the stone grave markers located within the Crypt have been spared many of the effects of weathering which have damaged other markers of a similar vintage located in unsheltered environments. The Crypt presently supports regular public visitation and serves an important historical function as a uniquely preserved record of early American funerary practices.

2 PAST CONSERVATION EFFORTS Prior to executing assessment and treatment of the Crypt markers, NECS conducted a survey of past conservation work done at the site. In 1985, the Center for Preservation Research (CPR) at Columbia University, New York was contracted by the Church to conduct a survey of 152 “table” tombs and grave markers and 44 marker fragments located within the Crypt and to prepare a treatment program for



their conservation.1 Each of the markers was documented2 and given a “priority” ranking for conservation treatment. CPR’s assessment established that many of the markers suffer from stone decay induced by the movement and evaporation of soluble salts carried by ground water that wicked up through the stones from the soil in which they are seated. The assessment further determined that the damaging effects of salt movement through the stones had been exacerbated by the presence of an impermeable asphalitic and concrete floor which had been laid around the stones circa 1879 and the installation of a central heating system circa 1965 which promoted the evaporation of aqueous salt solutions and deposition and crystallization of salts on the stones’ surfaces. CPR’s assessment recommended the removal of the impermeable flooring material and excavation of several inches of soil beneath it. After archaeological testing by Overhead Construction, Inc. and further review by Joseph Simeone Architects, this recommendation was carried out. In the summer of 1990, the impermeable flooring was replaced by brick pavers and care was taken to leave an area of soil around the markers exposed to permit evaporation. CPR also proposed and tested a number of stone conservation treatments, however these were not carried out (the scope of their contract did not include the execution of treatments). In December of 1990, the Architectural Conservation Laboratory (ACL) at the University of Pennsylvania was contracted to continue work started by CPR by developing and executing a program of stone conservation treatments to repair and stabilize the condition of markers in the Crypt.3 Their work included testing of treatment products and methodology, initiation of treatment (primarily initial cleaning, removal of residue left by composite floor, and desalination) of 50 markers determined stabile enough to undergo treatment (Priority 1, 2, and 3 markers as determined by CPR), repair and resetting of markers and marker fragments that had either been covered by or incased in the (now removed) composite floor, and monitoring of applied treatments and Crypt environmental conditions. ACL environmental monitoring established that moisture levels are high within the Crypt due to high soil moisture content (up to 7.62%), water entering (due to lack of proper drainage) through perimeter walls, high relative humidity (80% ±5%, 1 Center for Preservation Research, “Center Church-on-the-Green: Condition Survey and Conservation Program for Monuments in the Crypt,” Center for Preservation Research, Columbia University, New York (1985). 2 Though the report produced by the Columbia Center and subsequent researchers indicates that survey documentation of all markers was prepared, this record could not be located within the Church archives. 3 F.G. Matero, et al., “Center Church Crypt, Conservation Program: Phase II,” Architectural Conservation Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (1991).



primarily due to evaporation of ground water through permeable brick flooring and foundation walls and capillary rise of water through marker stones), and condensation resulting from the temperature gradient between warm air and cold stone surfaces. Markers located near perimeter walls were found to be most affected by moisture issues. Based on these findings, ACL recommended improvements to Crypt ventilation and introduction of a dehumidification system as well as a comprehensive repair and maintenance program to address problems with the building envelope. During ACL’s tenure, action was taken to stabilize and seal Crypt perimeter walls resulting in notable remediation of moisture problems affecting markers in close proximity to these walls. ACL’s activities also included temporary stabilization by means of pre-consolidation (ethyl-methacrylate copolymer resin solution, applied to marble Marker No. 145H only) and application of Japanese tissue facings (adhered with acrylic resin emulsified in an ethyl acetate solution, i.e. Acryloid B72) on 21 Priority 1 sandstone makers exhibiting active deterioration in the form of flaking, scaling, or exfoliating surfaces. ACL’s report indicates that these measures were intended to act only as temporary stabilization and that facings should be removed and replaced after one year, however, no further action was taken and tissue facings were left in place.4 ACL recommended continued site monitoring, more through documentation of markers, the introduction of a permanent marker numbering system, improvements to interpretation and presentation of markers, and a program of conservation treatments. Sometime following ACL’s work in the Crypt, an unknown party was contracted to continue conservation of the stone markers. While no documentation of the work completed by this contractor is available, evidence suggests that their work included the excavation and application of lead flashing encasements to the below-grade portion of 11 separate markers.

3 CONDITION SURVEY NECS began work at the site by undertaking an initial survey of Crypt contents and the building envelope to assess forms of deterioration affecting markers and determine their possible causes. Twenty-two markers showing clear evidence of past treatment or immediate deterioration were located for treatment (only twenty of these were treated by NECS due to budgetary/time constraints). NECS determined that much of the visible deteriorate of markers can be attributed to site and building related factors. Services of a structural engineering firm, Structures North Consulting Engineers, Inc., were retained to provide an expert assessment of

4 Ibid., Sect. 5.3.2, p. 136.



contributory factors of stone deterioration in the Crypt. Their report and recommendations are contained in Appendix C.

3.1 SITE Each of the above mentioned studies and conservation treatment programs conducted by predecessors has observed or attempted to mitigate the damaging effects of water infiltration in the Crypt. Water infiltration remains the single greatest site-related factor contributing to the deterioration of markers. The effectiveness of any conservation treatment program addressing the condition of the Crypt contents is wholly dependent upon successful mitigation of water infiltration through the building envelope. Improper drainage and surface run-off are the root source of water infiltration to the Crypt. When charged with water from a rain event, the soils adjacent to and beneath the Crypt walls become fully saturated or “water-logged”. Present site conditions do not promote proper shedding of surface and ground water away from foundation walls. Ground water is then wicked up through the makers from the soil in which they are set. Additional moisture contributing to damp Crypt conditions enters through failing foundation walls. Condensation of moisture occurs because of temperature variants between warmer Crypt air and colder foundation walls. Damp conditions were duly noted by the ACL report which included recommendations for repairs and treatments to decrease Crypt moisture levels. Recent remediatory efforts to correct structural drainage issues are apparent (e.g. new plastic PVC piping visible) in interior drainage systems visible in attic where the roof line meets the exterior walls. However, on repeated visits to site during rain events, this system has been observed to be partially ineffective. Inadequate capacity, faulty construction, or some blockage in the drainage system appears to be preventing collected water from discharging through the leaders in sufficiently high volume. This system requires further inspection and possible repair by a qualified drainage professional.

3.2 GENERAL PROBLEMS Evidence of alteration, damage, degradation observed in many makers can be attributed to the following factors: Soluble Salts:

Water infiltration remains the single greatest site-

related factor contributing to the deterioration of markers.



Efflorescence and subflorescence resulting from the evaporation of saline water present in the porous structure of stone is a primary agent of decay affecting stones in the Crypt. Damage resulting from the presence of salts is manifest in the form of scaling, spalling, delamination and general loss of stone surface material. Lead Casings: Lead flashing (comprised of lead or lead-coated copper) encasing sub-grade stone surfaces, applied to shield markers from ground water infiltration, were visible above grade level on some stones. Portions of the lead encasements protruding above grade (possibly to prevent water from entering through the top of and flowing down behind the casements) have obscured decorative carvings and inscriptions present at the bottom of treated markers. Lead completely encapsulates the bottom portions of treated markers and may trap moisture against the surface of stones and prevent proper breathability. Further, temperature variation between the Crypt air, markers, lead encasements, and soil may promote formation of condensation between the makers and lead encasements. Markers Set Below Grade: Some markers have either been re-set below grade level or have been partially obscured due to grade level change (which likely occurred during the installation of either the composite floor or later brick floor). Portions of decorative carvings and inscriptions present at the bottom of some markers have been obscured below grade. Obscured portions have become discolored by minerals present in ground water. Graffiti: Some markers have been disfigured or discolored by crayons or pencils used to take grave rubbings. In the most extreme cases, markers have been permanently gouged or scratched from this activity.

3.3 PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH SPECIFIC STONE TYPES Sandstone: The majority of makers in the Crypt are carved from brown Triassic sandstone (“brownstone”). Sandstones are generally more porous than other rocks, leaving them particularly susceptible to absorption of decay-inducing solutions which may result in surface loss. Surface loss in the form of disintegration, flaking, and scaling presents the most serious and widespread threat to markers in the Crypt. Damage of this nature is most likely due to absorption of ground water laden with natural salts and other minerals which form crystals in the open pore structure of the stone. This crystalline deposition is visible on the surface of most stones of this type in the form of efflorescence, a white powdery substance. Surface loss due to mineral



crystallization poses immediate danger to carvings and inscriptions on sandstone markers. Soluble salt crystallization was found to be exacerbated by previous conservation treatments applied to many of the sandstone markers categorized as Priority 1 or 2 by the ACL study. Specifically, the Japanese tissue facings meant to temporarily stabilize the surface of these markers have become saturated in the damp conditions of the Crypt, holding mineral-laden water on the treated surfaces. Many of the tissue facings were applied to sensitive areas of the markers, across inscriptions and carvings. In some cases, damage caused by prolonged exposure and retention of surface moisture resulting has left inscriptions behind the tissue facings illegible. The acrylic adhesive used in the application of the facings has also left a residue on the surface of treated makers. Marble: A number of markers are carved from white marble originating from quarries located in Vermont. A few stones are known to have been imported from Italy. The marble markers are generally in good condition and have not suffered damage resulting from acidic deposition (i.e. “acid rain”) which commonly affects markers of this lithology found in exposed outdoor settings. The most common problem affecting these markers is discoloration. While some of the discoloration is due to naturally occurring ferrous inclusions in the stone, anthropogenic factors—such as rubbings taken by visitors—have left black particulate surface soiling. Soiling does not constitute major cause for concern beyond aesthetic considerations; however, excessive soiling may encourage the retention of surface moisture, adversely affecting the condition of these stones. A few markers located near the western perimeter wall are in extremely fragile condition and suffer from granular disintegration due to the breakdown of the stones’ calcium carbonate binder. Slate: Markers carved from slate are in generally good condition. Because of its dense physical composition, slate is significantly less susceptible to the moisture related damage affecting other stone types in the Crypt. The most common problem

Soluble salt crystallization was found to be exacerbated

by previous conservation treatments applied to many of the sandstone markers…

A few markers… suffer from granular

disintegration due to the breakdown of the stones’ calcium carbonate binder.



affecting slate makers is surface loss due to delamination (or “slatey cleavage”). Delamination may be induced by mechanical decay processes resulting from the presence of efflorescences or oxidation of iron inclusions between laminae.

4 APPLIED PREVENTIVE AND REMEDIAL MEASURES NECS identified 21 markers in need of immediate treatment. The following treatments were applied to these markers. Prior to application of preventive or remedial measures, each marker was documented: measurements were taken, pre-treatment condition noted, and surfaces to be treated were photo documented. Individual assessments of each marker treated by NECS are contained in Appendix B.

4.1 CLEANING Where surface soiling, residues, and surficial build-up of efflorescent salt were apparent, marker surfaces were cleaned using D/2 Biological Cleaner. Salts and other particulate matter were removed from stone surfaces with a soft brush. Surfaces were then prayed with clean water and brushing was repeated to loosen deposits. Cleaner was applied to affected surfaces with a low-pressure hand sprayer and allowed to remain on surfaces for approximately one minute before being thoroughly flushed with water. This method was not effective in all cases and, on some markers, efflorescent salt or tissue residue remain. A more powerful (i.e. caustic) cleaner and/or poulticing may be necessary for complete cleaning of these surfaces.

4.2 TISSUE REMOVAL On markers where Japanese tissue had been applied, removal of tissue was deemed necessary to permit proper “breathability” of stone substrate and reduce the occurrence of damage from soluble salts. Tissue was either partially or completely removed (where possible) by wetting stone and tissue surfaces with water then, by pealing the tissue away from stone surface slowing by hand and with the aid of a small metal mason’s trowel. Where delaminated or detached portions of the stone’s surface were firmly adhered to the back of the tissue, it was determined that complete removal of the tissue would cause more damage so, it removal was left incomplete in these fragile areas.

4.3 RESETTING Where markers were found to be set so far below grade that portions of their inscriptions or decorative carvings were obscured, excavation and resetting were determined necessary. Markers were excavated by hand using shovels and garden trowels and removed from excavation. Perimeter of excavations were lined with a “breathable” landscaping fabric (or “geotextile”) to prevent soil and sand from



migrating, and filling air space in gravel backfill. Bottom of excavations were adjusted with fill to raise markers anywhere from 3 to 6 inches above previous setting. Markers were then reset and excavations back-filled with a combination of 50% large “pond stone” gravel and 50% small “pea stone” gravel with no cinders or crushed stone so as to permit breathability and allow moisture and other deleterious solutions to escape through the ground. Care was taken at all times to protect marker surfaces from damage.

5 RECOMMENDED TREATMENT PROGRAM

5.1 PREVENTIVE MEASURES Preventive conservation is a process that seeks to prevent, reduce, or mitigate the effect of factors contributing to the deterioration of objects. True preventive conservation is a holistic approach involving the constant assessment and efficacious management of all environmental variables including site conditions, visitor use, and regular maintenance routines.

5.1.1 Humidity Control The main purpose of relative humidity control is to prevent salt damage. The humidity regime required to prevent damage in a stone that is contaminated with a single salt is well established, but stone is more commonly contaminated with a mixture of salts. In order mitigate damage caused by salts, Crypt perimeter walls and building envelope must be properly sealed and building features (i.e. gutters and downspouts) must be maintained to promote discharge of rain water away from site. Necessary building repair and maintenance should be carried out by a qualified contractor. Ineffectiveness of existing interior drainage system should be inspected and addressed by a qualified drainage expert. (For further analysis of Crypt moisture and site drainage issues, see Appendix C: Structural Engineer’s Report.)

5.1.2 Visitor Use Guidelines Site visitors should be supervised and the size of groups of visitors limited to prevent human damage to markers. The practice of taking rubbings of marker inscriptions and other forms of visitor contact with the markers should be minimized or, preferably, prohibited. Rubbings made with chalk, pencil, wax crayon, and other implements can mark stone surfaces and can be difficult to remove. Rubbings may also scratch some softer stones—this damage is irreversible.

5.2 ACTIVE CONSERVATION MEASURES Center Church Crypt contains an historically significant and irreplaceable collection of grave markers. Many of these markers are in critical condition. Their conservation and protection require the careful attention of a qualified stone conservator. The conservator should possess practical experience in the treatments outlined below and



should conduct all work in accordance with the Code of Ethic and Standards of Practice of the American Institute for the Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC). The following recommended treatment measures may be carried out over time as funding permits. Due to the confined environment of the Crypt, hazardous products should not be used without improvement to site ventilation (e.g. ventilation fans). Manufacturer’s specifications for safe use of products must be strictly followed. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for the products specified below are contained in Appendix C of this report.

5.2.1 Cleaning Removing dirt and other foreign deposits (Japanese tissue remnants, particulate soiling, staining, biological growth, etc.) from the surface of markers is necessary to examine the condition of the underlying stone and, in turn, better judge what further conservation may be necessary. Cleaning may also serve in some circumstances to remove harmful materials from the surface. However, the primary reason for cleaning is to improve the appearance of markers. A dirty marker does not look well cared for and the dirt may obscure fine detail in the carvings and inscriptions. For general purpose cleaning of non-calcitic stone (i.e. sandstones), a low-acid masonry cleaner should be used. No acid-based or caustic products should be used on calcitic stones (i.e. marble). For removal of biological growth, a non-toxic, biodegradable, biological solution with a neutral pH should be used. Where Japanese tissue is present, it may be necessary to employ a more aggressive cleaning agent. For this purpose, pure acetone is recommended as a solvent for the Acyloid B72 reported used by ACL to bind tissue to stone surfaces. Additional cleaning of deep-seated staining or heavily soiled stone surfaces may be attempted using non-toxic poulticing (e.g. masonRE® Latex 20, Cathedral Stone Products, Inc.) where necessary. Poulticing should not be used on poorly consolidated or friable stone surfaces where material loss is likely to occur. Note: experience suggests that removal of Japanese tissue from extremely fragile stone surfaces (i.e. those exhibiting advanced granular disintegration or other deterioration) is especially difficult and, in many cases, cannot be done without some loss of surface material. Some additional experimentation with alternative methods (other than those listed here) may be necessary. “Spot Cleaning” (i.e. cleaning only affected areas) may be used.



5.2.2 Desalination Soluble salts are a major contributor to decay observed on markers in the Crypt. While it is not possible to completely remove all salts present in stone materials, salinity may be reduced by washing markers with clean water and the use of

Product For Sandstone: Sure-Klean® Light Duty Restoration Cleaner® (ProSoCo, Inc.)

Use Removal of soiling and residues, general cleaning.

Application 1. Working from bottom to top, pre-wet the surface with clean water.

2. Apply Restoration Cleaner using brush. Gently scrub surface.

3. Let dwell for 5 to 15 minutes. Gently scrub heavily soiled areas. Do not let product dry on the surface. If drying occurs, lightly wet treated surfaces with fresh water. Reapply cleaner while gentle scrubbing.

4. Rinse surface thoroughly with clean water.

5. Repeat steps 1 through 4 above if necessary.

Comply with manufacturer’s instructions for safe use.

Product For Sandstone and Marble: D/2 Biological Solution® (Cathedral Stone Products, Inc.)

Use General cleaning and removal of biological growth.

Application 1. Apply D/2 Biological Solution with a brush to a dry surface. Do not pre-wet surface.

2. After waiting 2-5 minutes, scrub surface with a non-metallic, short bristle scrub brush.

3. Allow undiluted D/2 to remain on the surface 5-10 minutes.

4. Apply additional D/2 to maintain a wet surface and continue scrubbing.

5. Rinse thoroughly with clean, low-pressure water (not more than 300 psi, 1-2 gpm).


Product For Sandstone and Marble: Acetone

Use Removal of Japanese tissue and Acryloid B72 residue.

Application Apply acetone with brush or rag to saturate tissue or surface residue. Lightly scrape saturated tissue from stone surface with small dental spatula. Gently scrub residue from acetone-saturated surface with bristle brush. Reapply acetone to keep surface saturated while working. Lightly pat surface with acetone-saturated rag to remove remaining residue.

Acetone is toxic and highly flammable. Wear skin and eye protection, avoid inhalation, and keep away from sources of ignition.



poultices. Desalination through washing should be attempted before resorting to poultice. Washing may be conducted by wetting stone surfaces with low volume water sprays or misting devices. Stone is then allowed to so that salts are drawn to the surface. Salts can be either flushed with water or removed from surface with use of a damp sponge.

5.2.3 Consolidation Where stone is severely weakened by decay, some form of consolidation may be necessary to restore surface integrity. Stone consolidants work by penetrating decayed surfaces to bind weaker material to stronger substrate. For non-calcitic stones (i.e. sandstone) an ethyl silicate consolidation treatment that replaces natural binding materials with silicone dioxide should be used. For calcitic stones (i.e. marble) hydroxylated conversion treatment that consolidates carbonate mineral grains should be used. Due to the enclosed (indoor) nature of the site and hazardous potential of consolidants, no spray application of products should be used. Local exhaust ventilation, particulate respirators, and skin and eye protection must be employed in accordance with U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations in order to control harmful chemical exposure and prevent the accumulation of combustible vapors.

Product For Sandstone and Marble: sepiolite or attapulgite clay of fine particle size (50mm)

Use Removal of sub-surficial soluble salts by physical action.

Preparation Mix clay powder with water to achieve pate-like consistency.

Application 1. Surface must be sound and swept clean of dust, salts, sand or loose fragments. Special precautions are to be taken where the surface is delicate and/or easily detached.

2. Pre-wet surface with water spray. Saturation must be sufficient for water to reach and mobilize salts below surface.

3. Apply clay mixture to stone surface in 0.5 inch thickness (or more depending on depth of contamination) with trowel.

4. Allow poultice to dry for approximately two weeks.

5. Once dry, clay should be removed to expose substrate.

6. Surface should be checked for salt content and poultice or salt residue should be removed by washing surface with clean water.

This procedure should be repeated until the salt levels are significantly reduced. Experience suggest that 3 to 4 cycles may be necessary.

Dry clay powders are potentially hazardous substances and must be used with adequate personal protection, mainly to prevent inhalation of the fine particles.



5.2.4 Monitor Lead Encasements While the application of lead encasements is theoretically sound (i.e. protects stone from ground water, is completely reversible, etc.), its effects in situ may prove

Product For Sandstone: Conservare OH100® (ProSoCo, Inc.)

Use Consolidation of natural binding materials.

Application 1. Apply OH100 in repeated applications using brush to saturate surface referred to as “cycles.” A cycle consists of three successive saturating applications at 5-15 minute intervals. Typical treatments involve two or three cycles (6-9 separate applications).

2. Allow 20 to 60 minutes between cycles. Laboratory testing will determine the optimum delay between applications and between cycles.

3. Apply OH100 until excess material remains visible on the surface for 60 minutes following the last application.

4. Immediately flush excess surface materials using industrial grade MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) or mineral spirits. If a second treatment is necessary, allow two to three weeks curing time following first treatment.

Note: This product is combustible and harmful if ingested or inhaled. Fire protection, adequate ventilation, and safe handling are required. Comply with manufacturer’s instructions for safe use.

Product For Marble: Conservare HCT® and HCT Finishing Rinse® (ProSoCo, Inc.)

Use Consolidation of natural binding materials.

Application Working from the bottom of the work area to the top, apply HCT in three successive applications using brush to saturate surface. Treated surfaces must dry thoroughly between each saturating application of HCT, and prior to application of Finishing Rinse.

HCT 1. Apply HCT to the point of rejection.

2. Allow the treatment to be absorbed for 30 minutes or until surface is visibly dry and absorbent.

3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 until three saturating applications have been completed. With some stones (e.g. porous limestones), additional applications may be required.

4. Allow surfaces treated with HCT to dry for 30 minutes or until surface is visibly dry.

Finishing Rinse 1. Apply HCT Finishing Rinse to the point of rejection.

2. Allow treated surfaces to dry for 24 hours before applying additional conservation treatments or surface repairs.

Note: A minimum of 30 minutes drying time is essential between applications. If necessary, drying time may be extended overnight without adverse effects.




adverse. Condensation may form between stone and lead surfaces where it cannot escape via evaporation. Further monitoring of moisture levels of markers (especially during cold months when the ground-Crypt temperature variant is at its greatest) that have received this treatment is necessary to determine its true effect. Should adverse conditions be observed, markers should be reset in gravel to permit breathability and allow moisture and other deleterious solutions to escape through the ground.

5.2.5 Remove Lead Encasements/Reset Markers Some of the lead-encased markers show said encasement above grade level. Some encasements cover portions of inscriptions or decorative carving on the lower portions of markers. While not posing an immediate danger to the physical condition of markers, visibility of the lead may be aesthetically obtrusive. Additionally, lead encasements may prove to have an adverse effect on the physical condition of markers. To mitigate adverse aesthetic and potentially physical effects on markers, lead encasements should be removed and markers reset in gravel which will permit breathability and allow moisture and other deleterious solutions to escape through the ground.

5.2.6 Repair Patching Damaged or missing elements and stones exhibiting severe delamination may be repaired or treated by patching with a restoration grade mortar. Repair patching is designed to prevent further delamination or surface loss and restore aesthetic condition by reestablishing cohesion with separated surfaces or elements. Elastomeric caulks or sealants should not be used for this purpose since there is

Product Large “pond” and small “pea” stone gravel, landscaping fabric or “geotextile” (home improvement stores)

Use Resetting markers in permeable below-grade environment.

Application 1. Determine from measurements the correct height of marker and prepare area for marker excavation by laying down tarp to collect excavated soil.

2. Excavate marker using garden trowel or small shovel, taking care not to damage stone surfaces.

3. Remove stone from excavation and remove lead encasement with the use of snips, saws and other hand tools as necessary, taking care not to damage stone surfaces.

4. Line perimeter of excavation with plastic garden mesh to prevent soil and sand from migrating into back-fill. Fill bottom of excavation with “pond” and “pea” stone gravel to adjust marker to appropriate height above grade (measurements should be taken to ensure correct excavation depth before stone is reset). Ensure that mare is plum, level, and in plane with adjacent markers.

5. Reset marker in excavation and back-fill with “pond” and “pea” stone gravel, taking care to adjust marker position (using spirit level).



considerable risk of moisture entrapment. Stone surfaces may be consolidated prior to treatment to ensure cohesion of mortar to sound material. All debris, particulate matter, consolidant residue should be removed from surfaces prior to treatment. Mortar should be mixed with mineral-based pigment to match color of adjacent stone and minimize aesthetic impact.

Product For Sandstone: Jahn® M70 Restoration Mortar (Cathedral Stone Products, Inc.)

Use Repair and reattachment of non-calcitic stone.

Application 1. Dry or porous surfaces may be pre-wet to prevent the substrate from prematurely drawing moisture out of mortar.

2. Mix mortar according to manufacturer’s specifications.

3. Apply mortar to stone surface with trowel, ensuring not to leave any voids. For repairs thicker than 2 inches, apply mortar in layers, allowing the first layer to cure for a two to four hours before applying the second layer. If applied in layers, scrape off any cement skin that has formed and continue application. Dampen the surface and before applying the next layer. Work mortar firmly into the surface of the stone.

4. Build up repair material so that it is slightly above the adjacent masonry surface. Allow mortar 30 to 60 minutes to set slightly (wait time will vary with temperature and humidity).

5. Scrape off excess material using a straight edge. Do not press down or “float” the repair. Where repairs occur at profiled edges or corners, form mortar to

match the profile of the surrounding masonry. In all cases, finish and texture repair so that it is as indistinguishable as possible from the adjacent masonry.

6. Allow patch to set (approximately 4-6 hours).

7. Clean any mortar residues from area surrounding the repair by sponging as many times as necessary with clean water. This should be done before repair material sets.

8. After the repair has been cured and allowed to dry for at least one week, if the appearance of a repair does not meet the specifications of the job, the surface color of the repair may be enhanced by applying a vapor permeable, mineral based pigmented stain.

Comply with manufacturer’s instruction for safe use. Product For Marble: Jahn® M120 Restoration Mortar (Cathedral Stone Products, Inc.)

Use Repair and reattachment of calcitic stone.

Application Same as above.



6 ESTIMATE OF COSTS Costs reflect recommended conservation (including estimated labor and materials listed) of twenty-one (21) markers identified and assessed in this report only and do not include recommended work by other specialty contractors.

Description Cost per

Stone Total Cost

Cleaning, Sandstone Marker $75-450 $7975 Sure-Klean® Light Duty Restoration Cleaner®, Acetone

Cleaning, Marble Marker $75-450 $600 D/2 Biological Solution®, Acetone

Desalination $275-450 $4725 Sepiolite or Attapulgite Clay

Stone Consolidation, Sandstone Marker $350-575 $8750 Conservare OH100®, Portable Air Scrubber Rental

Stone Consolidation, Marble Marker $300-400 $950 Conservare HCT® and HCT Finishing Rinse®

Removal of Lead Encasements/Reset Marker $350-475 $3975 Gravel and Landscaping Fabric

Repair Patching $200-500 $3650 Jahn® M70 Restoration Mortar

Total $30,625

END



GLOSSARY OF TERMS

APPENDIX A: Glossary of Terms New England Cemetery Services

Conservation Assessment: Center Church Crypt | A-1

Definitions from, International Council on Monuments and Sites: International Scientific Committee for Stone (ICOMOS-ISCS), “Illustrated Glossary on Stone Deterioration Patterns” (Champigny-Marne, France: ICOMOS-ISCS, 2008).

Alteration: Modification of the material that does not necessary imply a worsening of its

characteristics from the point of view of conservation. For instance, a reversible coating applied on a stone may be considered as an alteration.

Biological colonization: Colonization of the stone by plants and micro-organisms such as

bacteria, cyanobacteria, algae, fungi and lichen (symbioses of the latter three). Biological colonization also includes influences by other organisms such as animals nesting on and in stone.

Efflorescence: Generally whitish, powdery or whisker-like crystals on the surface.

Efflorescence is commonly the result of evaporation of saline water present in the porous structure of the stone.

Crumbling: (Sub-type of disintegration.) Detachment of aggregates of grains from the

substrate. These aggregates are generally limited in size (less than 2 cm). This size depends of the nature of the stone and its environment.

Damage: Human perception of the loss of value due to decay. Decay: Any chemical or physical modification of the intrinsic stone properties leading to a loss

of value or to the impairment of use. Degradation: Decline in condition, quality, or functional capacity. Delamination: Detachment process affecting laminated stones (most of sedimentary rocks,

some metamorphic rocks...). It corresponds to a physical separation into one or several layers following the stone laminae. The thickness and the shape of the layers are variable. The layers may be oriented in any direction with regards to the stone surface.

Deterioration: Process of making or becoming worse or lower in quality, value, character,

etc...; depreciation. Discoloration: Change of the stone color in one to three of the color parameters: hue, value

and chroma. Discoloration is frequently produced by salts, by the corrosion of metals (e.g. iron, lead, copper), by micro-organisms, or by exposure to fire.

Disintegration: Detachment of single grains or aggregates of grains. Film: Thin covering or coating layer generally of organic nature, generally homogeneous,

follows the stone surface. A film may be opaque or translucent. Paint layers, certain



categories of water repellents or protective agents (e.g. anti-graffiti), sealants, are considered films.

Graffiti: Engraving, scratching, cutting or application of paint, ink or similar matter on the

stone surface.

Granular disintegration: (Sub-type of disintegration.) Occurs in granular sedimentary (e.g. sandstone) and granular crystalline (e.g. granite) stones. Granular disintegration produces debris referred to as a rock meal and can often be seen accumulating at the foot of wall actively deteriorating. If the stone surface forms a cavity (coving), the detached material may accumulate through gravity on the lower part of the cavity. The grain size of the stone determines the size of the resulting detached material. The following specific terms, all related to granular disintegration, refer either to the size, or to the aspect of corresponding grains: Powdering, Chalking: terms sometimes employed for describing granular

disintegration of finely grained stones. Sugaring : employed mainly for white crystalline marble, Sanding: used to describe granular disintegration of sandstones and granites.

Pitting: Point-like millimetric or submillimetric shallow cavities. The pits generally have a

cylindrical or conical shape and are not interconnected, although transitions patterns to interconnected pits can also be observed. Pitting is due to partial or selective deterioration. Pitting can be biologically or chemically induced, especially on carbonate stones. Pitting may also result from a harsh or maladapted abrasive cleaning method.

Scaling: Detachment of stone as a scale or a stack of scales, not following any stone structure

and detaching like fish scales or parallel to the stone surface. The thickness of a scale is generally of millimetric to centimetric scale, and is negligible compared to its surface dimension.

Soiling: Deposit of a very thin layer of exogenous particles (e.g. soot) giving a dirty

appearance to the stone surface. With increasing adhesion and cohesion, soiling can transform into a crust. Soiling may originate from atmospheric pollutants (industrial, domestic or car exhaust products) or from particles transported by running water or heating convection.

Spalling: (sub-type of scaling.) scaling in which the interface with the sound part of the

stone is parallel to the stone surface. In the case of curved surfaces, spalling may be called contour scaling.

Subflorescence: Poorly adhesive soluble salts, commonly white, located under the stone

surface. Subflorescence is commonly the result of evaporation of saline water present in the porous structure of the stone. As subflorescences develop inside the porous structure, they often result in scaling of the surface.



Encrustation: Compact, hard, mineral outer layer adhering to the stone. Surface morphology and color are usually different from those of the stone. Encrustations on monuments are frequently deposits of materials mobilized by water percolation and thus coming from the building itself: Carbonates, sulfates, metallic oxides and silica are frequently found.

MARKER ASSESSMENTS

APPENDIX B: Individual Marker Assessments New England Cemetery Services

Conservation Assessment: Center Church Crypt | B-1

ASSESSMENT FORM KEY Marker No.: For sake of continuity, NECS adopted the numbering system employed in the CPL and ACL studies. This system includes two sets of numbers, a Reference Number and Inscription Number:

Reference Numbers (from 1 to 152) had previously been assigned to all markers following distinct lines running approximately 30 degrees from the north-south axis. Numbers appended by an “H” indicate the marker as a headstone, “F”, a foot stone and “T”, a table tomb (e.g. 7H corresponds to Samuel Wales’ headstone and 10F is his footstone). Fragments are prefixed by “FG” and numbered FG1 through FG44.

Inscription Numbers, where available, follow the Reference Number in parenthesis and correspond to an earlier survey conducted by Del Townsend and Marguerite Thomas.

Note: markers were labeled with this numbering system (possibly by ACL), however numerous inconsistencies between labels and documentation were encountered (e.g. marker 150H (56), headstone for Mary Noyes, is labeled as 151F (124) ). Erroneous marker labels are indicated here by an asterisk (*) following the correct Marker Number (i.e. 150H (56)* for headstone of Mary Noyes).

Name: the inscribed name on the marker (may no longer be visible, i.e. procured from records)

Section No.: dividing the Crypt into four separate sections were adopted from the CPL and ACL studies (see Section Map below).

Marker Type: the physical form of the marker as one of, head stone (HS), foot stone (FS).

Material: the primary stone from which the marker is carved.

Dimensions: length x width x height (given in inches).

Priority: the current priority for conservation treatment as one of:

1 Critical condition, active deterioration, requires immediate attention, extensive treatment.

2 Serious condition, active deterioration, requires treatment as soon as possible.

3 Stable condition, agent of deterioration present, requires moderate treatment.

Existing Condition: the state in which the marker was found prior to any treatment.

Applied Treatments: description of the conservation treatment applied to the marker.

Post-treatment Condition: the state in which the marker was left following treatment.

Recommended Treatments: recommendations for further conservation treatment, as one or more of: Cleaning, Desalination, Consolidation, Monitor Lead Encasement, Remove Lead Encasement, Resetting, Repair Patching. See report for details of treatment.



Center Church Crypt Section Map

Modified from drawing by Joseph Simeone Architects, LLC.



Priority: 1

Marker No.: 149 (52)

Name: Joseph Haynes Noyes

Section No.: 4

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 13 x 15.5 x 2.5 in.

Existing Condition:

Lead visibly present two inches above grade. Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue. Extensive efflorescence present below area covered by tissue. Applied Treatments:

Japanese tissue completely removed by wetting stone and tissue surface with water then, by pealing the tissue away from stone surface slowing by hand and with a small metal mason’s trowel. Post-Treatment Condition:

Much of the surface behind the tissue exhibits high levels of deterioration with pitting apparent to a depth of approximately one quarter inch and advanced scaling and granular disintegration widespread. Recommended Treatments:

Consolidation, Monitor Lead Encasement/Replace Lead Encasement, possible Repair Patching



Image Description: Marker before treatment.

Marker No.: 149 (52) Name: Joseph Haynes Noyes

Perspective: Front Date Taken: 5/27/2009



Image Description: Marker showing surface loss upon tissue removal.

Marker No.: 149 (52) Name: Joseph Haynes Noyes

Perspective: Front, lower Date Taken: 5/28/2009



Priority: 1

Marker No.: 150H (56)*

Name: Mary Noyes

Section No.: 4

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 16.5 x 32 x 4 in.

Existing Condition:

Lead visibly present three inches above grade. Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue. Applied Treatments:

Japanese tissue partially removed by wetting stone and tissue surface with water then, by pealing the tissue away from stone surface slowing by hand and with a small metal mason’s trowel. Delaminated or detached portions of the stone’s surface were firmly adhered to the back of the tissue and it was determined that complete removal of the tissue would cause more damage so, it was necessary not to remove all the tissue in these fragile areas. Post-Treatment Condition:

Much of the surface behind the tissue (where removed) showed highly advanced efflorescence. Noticeable crystalline efflorescence buildup was present within the inscription. Recommended Treatments:

Cleaning, Desalination, Consolidation, Monitor Lead Encasement/Replace Lead Encasement, possible Repair Patching




Marker No.: 150H (56)* Name: Mary Noyes




Image Description: Close-up of marker after removal of loose tissue.

Marker No.: 150H (56)* Name: Mary Noyes

Perspective: Front, midsection Date Taken: 5/28/2009



Priority: 1

Marker No.: 151F (124)*

Name: John Noyes A.M.

Section No.: 4

Marker Type: FS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 14.5 x 25.5 x 3 in.

Existing Condition:

Lead visibly present 3.5 inches above grade. Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue. Applied Treatments:


The remaining tissue is spread from three to seventeen inches above grade; from the top edge of the lead encasement and the inscribed name, “Noyes”. Much of the surface behind the tissue (where removed) exhibited advanced buildup of efflorescence. Efflorescence progressively more advanced toward the bottom of the marker and the top of the lead encasing. High levels of deterioration with pitting and granular disintegration were apparent at the stone’s surface. Recommended Treatments:

Cleaning, Desalination, Consolidation, Monitor Lead Encasement/Replace Lead Encasement, possible Repair Patching



Image Description: Marker after removal of tissue.

Marker No.: 151F (124)* Name: John Noyes A.M.




Priority: 1

Marker No.: 152H*

Name:

[illegible] Deborah Jones?

Section No.: 4

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone


Existing Condition:

No lead or tissue present. Stone no longer holds any of its original surface layer and has deteriorated beyond recognition (i.e. no visible trace of inscription apparent) above grade. Deterioration is considerably less pronounced below grade, however, it is difficult to determine how much of the above-grade surface has been lost based on initial viewing. Surface of stone exhibits a green, yellow, and brown chemical residue (unidentified). Marker is in close proximity to an outer wall which has itself been compromised by decay and delamination; this factor has likely contributed to the marker’s deterioration. Applied Treatments:

Due to the fragility of surface material, no initial treatment was applied for fear of accelerating decay. Post-Treatment Condition:

No initial treatment was applied; stone remains in highly deteriorated state. Recommended Treatments: Repair and stabilization of adjacent wall (immediate impact on this marker), Consolidation, possible Repair Patching



Image Description: Marker before treatment showing advanced decay.

Marker No.: 152H Name: [illegible]




Priority: 2


Name: Ann Cooke

Section No.: 4

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 18 x 27 x 3.5 in.

Existing Condition:

Lead visibly present 1.5 inches above grade. Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue. Deterioration present in center of inscription, upper left corner on front of marker, and upper right corner on back. Applied Treatments:

Japanese tissue removed by wetting stone and tissue surface with water then, by pealing the tissue away from stone surface slowing by hand and with a small metal mason’s trowel. Delaminated or detached portions of the stone’s surface were firmly adhered to the back of the tissue and it was determined that complete removal of the tissue would cause more damage so, it was necessary not to remove all the tissue in these fragile areas. Post-Treatment Condition:

Surface behind the tissue (where removed) exhibited minor granular disintegration, pitting (pitting occurred in a linear formation), and advanced efflorescence. Recommended Treatments: Desalination, Monitor Lead Encasement/Replace Lead Encasement, possible Repair Patching




Marker No.: 125 (15) Name: Ann Cooke




Image Description: Marker before treatment, close-up of deterioration










Image Description: Close-up of marker after removal of tissue.





Priority: 1

Marker No.: 112H (124)

Name: John Noyes A.M.

Section No.: 4

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone


Existing Condition:

No lead visibly present. Stone partially wrapped with Japanese tissue. Portions of the tissue had been previously removed either manually, by gravity, or decay of the stone or the tissue itself. Spalling present on the front and lower portion of the back of marker. Applied Treatments:


Further spalling and granular disintegration apparent in areas where tissue was successfully removed. From the time of last complete record of marker’s inscription, stone has apparently lost approximately 50% of its surface, rendering the maker illegible in areas indicated by ellipses: “of whic... an agreeable… and, in… he… of… resigned in death.” Minimal efflorescence buildup on disintegrating areas and scaling debris. Recommended Treatments:

Cleaning, Desalination, Consolidation




Marker No.: 112H (124) Name: John Noyes A.M.




Image Description: Close-up of marker showing efflorescence and rising damp.


Perspective: Front, lower left Date Taken: 5/27/2009



Image Description: Close-up showing surface loss behind removed tissue.





Priority: 1


Name: Rebeca Trowbridge

Section No.:

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 14.5 x 22 x 2.5 in.

Existing Condition:

Lead visibly present two inches above grade. Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue. Fine granular disintegration and advanced delamination present at lower section of back side. Inscription partially illegible. Efflorescence visible one to two inches above lead encasement. Applied Treatments:

Japanese tissue completely removed by wetting stone and tissue surface with water then, by pealing the tissue away from stone surface slowing by hand and with small metal trowels. Post-Treatment Condition:

Further delamination and granular disintegration apparent in areas where tissue was removed. Recommended Treatments:

Desalination, Consolidation, Monitor Lead Encasement/Replace Lead Encasement, Repair Patching




Marker No.: 135H (90) Name: Rebeca Trowbridge




Image Description: Marker after removal of tissue, showing severe scaling.

Marker No.: 135H (90) Name: Rebeca Trowbridge




Priority: 1


Name: Ann Collins

Section No.:

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 22 x 27.5 x 2.5 in.

Existing Condition:

Lead visibly present two inches above grade (covering bottom border inscription). Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue. Granular disintegration in crack-like fashion across middle of winged hourglass carving and through inscription. Majority of inscription lost since previous assessment conducted by University of Pennsylvania. Applied Treatments:


Surface behind the tissue (where removed) exhibited advanced granular disintegration and surface loss. Advanced delamination present in bottom right quarter of area covered by tissue. Deterioration (indicated by ellipses) preventing legibility of inscription: “Mrs ANN the … ife Of Capt Ebe … r Col… [disintegration] who die… [delamination]” Recommended Treatments: Cleaning, Desalination, Consolidation, Monitor Lead Encasement/Replace Lead Encasement, Repair Patching




Marker No.: 118H (14) Name: Ann Collins





Marker No.: 118H (14) Name: Ann Collins




Priority: 1


Name: Stephen Trowbridge

Section No.:

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 24.5 x 36 x 4-3 in.

Existing Condition:

Lead visibly present three inches above grade. Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue. Advanced efflorescence present up to ten inches above lead casement. Delamination present above efflorescence. Advanced granular disintegration present within delaminated areas and at edges of efflorescence. Applied Treatments:

Japanese tissue completely removed by wetting stone and tissue surface with water then, by pealing the tissue away from stone surface slowing by hand and with a small metal mason’s trowel. Delaminated or detached portions of the stone’s surface were firmly adhered to the back of the tissue and it was determined that complete removal of the tissue would cause more damage so, it was necessary not to remove all the tissue in these fragile areas. Post-Treatment Condition:

Rapid deterioration (indicated by ellipses) apparent from comparison of previous record or marker’s inscription (recorded by University of Pennsylvania): Present Inscription Previous Recorded Inscription “April … D 17 … … ”

“April 25th A.D. 1796 … aetat LXX”

Recommended Treatments: Desalination, Consolidation, Monitor Lead Encasement/Replace Lead Encasement




Marker No.: 143H (92) Name: Steven Trowbridge




Image Description: Marker before treatment, close-up of damaged area.


Perspective: Front, lower. Date Taken: 5/27/2009








Priority: 1

Marker No.: 142F (92)

Name: Stephen Trowbridge

Section No.:

Marker Type: FS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 14 x 15.5 x 3 in.

Existing Condition:

Lead visibly present 1.5 inches above grade. Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue (portions previously removed). Advanced efflorescence present one to three inches above lead casement. Delamination present at center of marker, three inches above lead. Granular disintegration present at front left carvings. Minor delamination. Applied Treatments:


Japanese tissue still present in places, clear presence of efflorescent salts, evident surface loss, minor continuation of granular disintegration. Recommended Treatments: Cleaning, Desalination, Consolidation, Monitor Lead Encasement/Replace Lead Encasement




Marker No.: 142F (92) Name: Stephen Trowbridge




Image Description: Marker after tissue removal.

Marker No.: 142F (92) Name: Stephen Trowbridge




Priority: 1

Marker No.: 138 (104)

Name: Stephen Whitehead

Section No.:

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 23.5 x 27 x 4-3.5 in.

Existing Condition:

Lead visibly present two inches above grade. Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue. Applied Treatments:

Japanese tissue completely removed by wetting stone and tissue surface with water then, by pealing the tissue away from stone surface slowing by hand and with a small metal mason’s trowel. Delaminated or detached portions of the stone’s surface were firmly adhered to the back of the tissue and it was determined that complete removal of the tissue would cause more damage so, it was necessary not to remove all the tissue in these fragile areas. Post-Treatment Condition:

Extensive loss of inscription. Delamination throughout inscribed name. Spot efflorescence on the bottom border design. Further efflorescence on lower portions of stone previously covered by tissue. Recommended Treatments: Desalination, Consolidation, Monitor Lead Encasement/Replace Lead Encasement




Marker No.: 138 (104) Name: Stephen Whitehead









Image Description: Close-up of surface loss behind removed tissue.





Priority: 1


Name: Timothy Prout

Section No.:

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 21 x 28 x 3-3.5 in.

Existing Condition:

No Lead visibly present. Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue. Granular disintegration present throughout stone surface, particularly at carved figure at top of marker. Applied Treatments:

Japanese tissue partially removed by wetting stone and tissue surface with water then, by pealing the tissue away from stone surface slowing by hand and with a small metal mason’s trowel. Delaminated or detached portions of the stone’s surface were firmly adhered to the back of the tissue and it was determined that complete removal of the tissue would cause more damage so, it was necessary not to remove all the tissue in these fragile areas. Portions of inscription were lost during tissue removal due to delamination and granular disintegration. Post-Treatment Condition:

Extensive loss of inscription and carving in areas previously covered with tissue. Extensive delamination throughout front midsection. Efflorescence apparent above midsection (previously covered by tissue). Paint film of an unidentified composition appears in a four-inch-wide strip along the bottom of the marker. Recommended Treatments: Cleaning, Desalination, Consolidation, Monitor Lead Encasement/Replace Lead Encasement, possible Repair Patching




Marker No.: 126H (69) Name: Timothy Prout









Image Description: Close-up of damage and tissue remnants.





Priority: 1

Marker No.: 129F (69)

Name: Timothy Prout

Section No.:

Marker Type: FS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 10 x 12 x 2-3 in.

Existing Condition:

Lead visibly present two inches above grade. Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue. Granular disintegration apparent throughout surface. Applied Treatments:


Spalling occurring from top of marker to the top of the inscription, “Trout”, in area previously covered by tissue. Tissue below inscription remains. Complete loss of inscription legibility from last recorded survey. Recommended Treatments: Cleaning, Desalination, Consolidation, Monitor Lead Encasement/Replace Lead Encasement, possible Repair Patching




Marker No.: 129F (69) Name: Timothy Prout





Marker No.: 129F (69) Name: Timothy Prout

Perspective: Back Date Taken: 5/27/2009



Priority: 3


Name: Rebecca Hays

Section No.:

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 30 x 44 x 2.5 in.

Existing Condition:

No lead visibly present. Stone partially wrapped with Japanese tissue (some portions removed). Spalling and delamination apparent three inches below the inscription, “year of”, and two inches to the right of the inscription, “also”. Advanced efflorescence present from below inscribed date to the bottom of the border design carving. Staining from an unknown substance (apparently dripped on the surface of the marker) begins at bottom of area covered by tissue. Applied Treatments:

Japanese tissue completely removed by wetting stone and tissue surface with water then, by pealing the tissue away from stone surface slowing by hand and with a small metal mason’s trowel. Efflorescent salt deposits and crystallization formed on back and front of stone’s surface were removed first with medium-soft brush then, sprayed with water and brushed again. Remaining salt residue further removed by application of non-toxic D2 cleaner (composition: proprietary, pH: 9.5, distributor: Cathedral Stone Products, Inc.), sprayed onto surface, lightly brushing to loosen salt deposits. Cleaner and salts thoroughly washed from surface with water. Post-Treatment Condition:

Presence of efflorescence greatly diminished by treatment, however, is still apparent. Recommended Treatments: Desalination




Marker No.: 114H (33) Name: Rebecca Hays




Image Description: Close-up of marker before treatment showing inscription.





Image Description: Marker during excavation.





Image Description: Marker after being raised and reset.





Priority: 1


Name: Joseph Whiting Treuse

Section No.:

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 26.5 x 29.5 x 4.5 in.

Existing Condition:

No lead visibly present. Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue. Paint stains present in upper left corner of stone front. Efflorescence and discoloration apparent within inscription on upper half of stone. Applied Treatments:


Left-front area previously covered by tissue exhibits intensive delamination. Further minor delamination apparent in upper right-front of stone. Discoloration (darker complexion) demarcates areas previously covered by tissue. Advanced efflorescence extant at edges of where tissue was removed and is most apparent at right-front of stone. Intensive delamination occurring at left-front. Recommended Treatments: Desalination, Consolidation, possible Repair Patching




Marker No.: 96 (106) Name: Joseph Whiting Treuse









Image Description: Close-up showing scaling.


Perspective: Front, bottom right Date Taken: 5/28/2009



Priority: 3

Marker No.: 94 (62)

Name: Abigail Pierpont

Section No.: 4

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 19 x 15-16 x 3 in. (top) 24 x 15-16 x 4 in. (bot)

Existing Condition:

No lead visibly present. No Japanese tissue present. Minor discoloration at inscriptions. Advanced discoloration at bottom-front of stone. Advanced efflorescence present directly below fourth (last) line of inscription. Portion of inscription submerged below grade, indicating settling or raised grade level. Applied Treatments:

Marker excavated, removed, and raised 5.5 inches to reveal previously submerged inscription. Perimeter of excavation lined with landscaping fabric to prevent soil and sand from migrating, and filling air space in gravel backfill. Marker reset and excavation back-filled with “pond” and “pea” stone gravel to permit breathability and allow moisture and other deleterious solutions to escape through the ground. Post-Treatment Condition:

Clear mineral deposition and discoloration in area previously submerged below grade. Clear line of efflorescent salt deposits (likely from rising damp) suggesting need for further treatment. Condition otherwise stable. Recommended Treatments: Cleaning, Desalination




Marker No.: 94 (62) Name: Abigail Pierpont




Image Description: Marker during excavation.


Perspective: Side, left Date Taken: 5/27/2009



Image Description: Marker during resetting.










Priority: 3


Name: Amelia Jarvis

Section No.: 2

Marker Type: HS

Material: Slate Dimensions: 19.5 x 32 x 1.75 in.

Existing Condition:

No lead visibly present. Remnants of Japanese tissue or poultice present on front surface of stone, most noticeably within the inscription. Dark staining and spalling approximately one to two inches in diameter appear throughout second to last line of inscription. Settling or raised grade level obscure once visible portions of the stone. Applied Treatments:

Marker excavated, removed, and raised six inches. Perimeter of excavation lined with landscaping fabric to prevent soil and sand from migrating, and filling air space in gravel backfill. Marker reset and excavation back-filled with “pond” and “pea” stone gravel to permit breathability and allow moisture and other deleterious solutions to escape through the ground. Excavation revealed heavy surface deposits of soluble salts from efflorescence. Salt deposits removed with by light scraping with putty knife and by dry-brushing. Post-Treatment Condition:

Minor discoloration from mineral deposition in area previously submerged below grade. Clear efflorescent salt deposits at marker base (indicative of rising damp). Condition otherwise stable. Recommended Treatments: Cleaning, Desalination (water method only, poultice likely ineffective on slate)




Marker No.: 40H (40) Name: Amelia Jarvis









Image Description: Close-up showing heavy salt deposition.










Priority: 1


Name: John Hyde

Section No.: 2

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 19 x 42.5 x 2-3.5 in.

Existing Condition:

No Lead visibly present. Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue. Efflorescence present throughout surface of stone, with highest concentrations at inscriptions. Applied Treatments:


Delamination and granular disintegration widespread in areas previously covered by tissue. Advanced damage apparent at base of stone below inscription, with 0.25 to 0.5 inches of surface loss. Recommended Treatments: Cleaning, Desalination, Consolidation, Repair Patching




Marker No.: 41H (37) Name: John Hyde




Image Description: Close-showing moisture on and around tissue.







Perspective: Back Date Taken: 5/27/2009








Image Description: Close-up showing surface loss behind removed tissue.





Priority: 2

Marker No.: 17H (7)

Name: Dorcas Bell

Section No.: 2

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions: 19.5 x 34 x 2.5-3 in.

Existing Condition:

No Lead visibly present. Stone wrapped with Japanese tissue. Efflorescence present throughout surface of stone, with highest concentrations at inscriptions. Advanced delamination occurring in one inch diameter from area covered by tissue. Applied Treatments:


Significant surface loss of up to 0.25 inches apparent at base of stone in area previously covered by tissue. Recommended Treatments: Cleaning, Desalination, possible Repair Patching




Marker No.: 17H (7) Name: Dorcas Bell




Image Description: Close-up of lower back of marker before treatment.


Perspective: Back, lower Date Taken: 5/28/2009








Image Description: Close-up of damage behind removed tissue.





Image Description: Close-up of back after tissue removed.


Perspective: Back, lower Date Taken: 5/28/2009



Priority: 3

Marker No.: 6 (55)

Name: Mary Hillhouse Oswald

Section No.: 2

Marker Type: HS

Material: Sandstone

Dimensions:

Existing Condition:

No Lead visibly present. No Japanese tissue present. Efflorescence present across bottom third of stone, with highest concentrations at inscription. Visible remnants of poulticing present on front of stone. Portions of inscription submerged below grade. Applied Treatments:

Marker excavated, removed, and raised 5.5 inches. Perimeter of excavation lined with landscaping fabric to prevent soil and sand from migrating, and filling air space in gravel backfill. Marker reset and excavation back-filled with “pond” and “pea” stone gravel to permit breathability and allow moisture and other deleterious solutions to escape through the ground. Post-Treatment Condition:

Discoloration from mineral deposition in area previously submerged below grade. Clear presence of efflorescent salts at marker base. Condition otherwise stable. Recommended Treatments: Cleaning, Desalination




Marker No.: 6 (5) Name: Mary Hillhouse Oswald




Image Description: Marker after excavation.





Image Description: Marker reset in excavation lined with permeable cloth.


Perspective: Front (above) Date Taken: 6/2/2009



Image Description: Marker excavation back-filled with gravel.





Image Description: Raised marker





Priority: 3

Marker No.: 4 (119)*

Name:

Elizabeth Kerwood Whittelsey

Section No.: 2

Marker Type: HS

Material: Marble

Dimensions: 16 x 26 x 1.5-2 in.

Existing Condition:

No Lead visibly present. No Japanese tissue present. Portions of inscription submerged below grade. Applied Treatments:

Marker excavated, removed, and raised 4.5 inches. Perimeter of excavation lined with landscaping fabric to prevent soil and sand from migrating, and filling air space in gravel backfill. Marker reset and excavation back-filled with “pond” and “pea” stone gravel to permit breathability and allow moisture and other deleterious solutions to escape through the ground. Note stone carver palimpsest in image of marker during excavation. Post-Treatment Condition:

Discoloration from mineral deposition in area previously submerged below grade. Minor efflorescence at marker base. Condition otherwise stable. Recommended Treatments: Cleaning




Marker No.: 4 (119) Name: Elizabeth Kerwood Whittelsey




Image Description: Marker removed during excavation.










Image Description: Close-up of marker after being reset.



STRUCTURAL ENGINEER’S REPORT

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PRODUCTS AND MANUFATURERS

APPENDIX C: Products and Manufacturers New England Cemetery Services

Conservation Assessment: Center Church Crypt | C-1

MANUFACTURERS Cathedral Stone Products, Inc.

7266 Park Circle Drive Hanover, MD 21076 P (800) 684-0901 F (800) 684-0904 [email protected] http://www.cathedralstone.com/

ProSoCo, Inc.

3741 Greenway Circle Lawrence, KS 66046 P (800) 255-4255 F (785) 830-9797 http://www.prosoco.com/

Material Safety Data SheetAcetone MSDS

Section 1: Chemical Product and Company IdentificationProduct Name: Acetone

Catalog Codes: SLA3502, SLA1645, SLA3151, SLA3808

CAS#: 67-64-1

RTECS: AL3150000

TSCA: TSCA 8(b) inventory: Acetone

CI#: Not applicable.

Synonym: 2-propanone; Dimethyl Ketone;Dimethylformaldehyde; Pyroacetic Acid

Chemical Name: Acetone

Chemical Formula: C3-H6-O

Contact Information:

Sciencelab.com, Inc.14025 Smith Rd.Houston, Texas 77396

US Sales: 1-800-901-7247International Sales: 1-281-441-4400

Order Online: ScienceLab.com

CHEMTREC (24HR Emergency Telephone), call:1-800-424-9300

International CHEMTREC, call: 1-703-527-3887

For non-emergency assistance, call: 1-281-441-4400

Section 2: Composition and Information on IngredientsComposition:

Name CAS # % by Weight

Acetone 67-64-1 100

Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Acetone: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 5800 mg/kg [Rat]. 3000 mg/kg [Mouse]. 5340 mg/kg[Rabbit]. VAPOR (LC50): Acute: 50100 mg/m 8 hours [Rat]. 44000 mg/m 4 hours [Mouse].

Section 3: Hazards IdentificationPotential Acute Health Effects:Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation. Slightly hazardousin case of skin contact (permeator).

Potential Chronic Health Effects:CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH.MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Classified Reproductive system/toxin/female, Reproductive system/toxin/male[SUSPECTED].The substance is toxic to central nervous system (CNS).The substance may be toxic to kidneys, the reproductive system, liver, skin.Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage.

p. 1

Section 4: First Aid MeasuresEye Contact:Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes,keeping eyelids open. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention.

Skin Contact:In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Removecontaminated clothing and shoes. Cold water may be used.Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoesbefore reuse. Get medical attention.

Serious Skin Contact:Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek medicalattention.

Inhalation:If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Getmedical attention if symptoms appear.

Serious Inhalation:Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt orwaistband. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouthresuscitation. Seek medical attention.

Ingestion:Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to anunconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention ifsymptoms appear.

Serious Ingestion: Not available.

Section 5: Fire and Explosion DataFlammability of the Product: Flammable.

Auto-Ignition Temperature: 465°C (869°F)

Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: -20°C (-4°F). OPEN CUP: -9°C (15.8°F) (Cleveland).

Flammable Limits: LOWER: 2.6% UPPER: 12.8%

Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2).

Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Highly flammable in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat.

Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available.Slightly explosive in presence of open flames and sparks, of oxidizing materials, of acids.

Fire Fighting Media and Instructions:Flammable liquid, soluble or dispersed in water.SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder.LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol foam, water spray or fog.

Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Vapor may travel considerable distance to source of ignition and flash back.

Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards:Forms explosive mixtures with hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid, nitric acid, nitric acid + sulfuric acid, chromic anydride,chromyl chloride, nitrosyl chloride, hexachloromelamine, nitrosyl perchlorate, nitryl perchlorate, permonosulfuric acid,thiodiglycol + hydrogen peroxide, potassium ter-butoxide, sulfur dichloride, 1-methyl-1,3-butadiene, bromoform, carbon,air, chloroform, thitriazylperchlorate.

p. 2

Section 6: Accidental Release MeasuresSmall Spill:Dilute with water and mop up, or absorb with an inert dry material and place in an appropriate waste disposalcontainer.

Large Spill:Flammable liquid.Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Stop leak if without risk. Absorb with DRY earth,sand or other non-combustible material. Do not touch spilled material. Prevent entry into sewers, basements orconfined areas; dike if needed. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV.Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities.

Section 7: Handling and StoragePrecautions:Keep locked up.. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containingmaterial. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case ofinsufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately andshow the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such asoxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, alkalis.

Storage:Store in a segregated and approved area (flammables area) . Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area.Keep container tightly closed and sealed until ready for use. Keep away from direct sunlight and heat and avoid allpossible sources of ignition (spark or flame).

Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal ProtectionEngineering Controls:Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below theirrespective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to thework-station location.

Personal Protection:Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent.Gloves.

Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill:Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should beused to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialistBEFORE handling this product.

Exposure Limits:TWA: 500 STEL: 750 (ppm) from ACGIH (TLV) [United States]TWA: 750 STEL: 1000 (ppm) from OSHA (PEL) [United States]TWA: 500 STEL: 1000 [Austalia]TWA: 1185 STEL: 2375 (mg/m3) [Australia]TWA: 750 STEL: 1500 (ppm) [United Kingdom (UK)]TWA: 1810 STEL: 3620 (mg/m3) [United Kingdom (UK)]TWA: 1800 STEL: 2400 from OSHA (PEL) [United States]Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits.

Section 9: Physical and Chemical PropertiesPhysical state and appearance: Liquid.

Odor: Fruity. Mint-like. Fragrant. Ethereal

Taste: Pungent, Sweetish

p. 3

Molecular Weight: 58.08 g/mole

Color: Colorless. Clear

pH (1% soln/water): Not available.

Boiling Point: 56.2°C (133.2°F)

Melting Point: -95.35 (-139.6°F)

Critical Temperature: 235°C (455°F)

Specific Gravity: 0.79 (Water = 1)

Vapor Pressure: 24 kPa (@ 20°C)

Vapor Density: 2 (Air = 1)

Volatility: Not available.

Odor Threshold: 62 ppm

Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: The product is more soluble in water; log(oil/water) = -0.2

Ionicity (in Water): Not available.

Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water.

Solubility: Easily soluble in cold water, hot water.

Section 10: Stability and Reactivity DataStability: The product is stable.

Instability Temperature: Not available.

Conditions of Instability: Excess heat, ignition sources, exposure to moisture, air, or water, incompatible materials.

Incompatibility with various substances: Reactive with oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, alkalis.

Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass.

Special Remarks on Reactivity: Not available.

Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available.

Polymerization: Will not occur.

Section 11: Toxicological InformationRoutes of Entry: Absorbed through skin. Dermal contact. Eye contact. Inhalation.

Toxicity to Animals:WARNING: THE LC50 VALUES HEREUNDER ARE ESTIMATED ON THE BASIS OF A 4-HOUR EXPOSURE.Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 3000 mg/kg [Mouse].Acute toxicity of the vapor (LC50): 44000 mg/m3 4 hours [Mouse].

Chronic Effects on Humans:CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: A4 (Not classifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH.

p. 4

DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Classified Reproductive system/toxin/female, Reproductive system/toxin/male[SUSPECTED].Causes damage to the following organs: central nervous system (CNS).May cause damage to the following organs: kidneys, the reproductive system, liver, skin.

Other Toxic Effects on Humans:Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (permeator).

Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available.

Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans:May affect genetic material (mutagenicity) based on studies with yeast (S. cerevisiae), bacteria, and hamsterfibroblast cells. May cause reproductive effects (fertility) based upon animal studies.May contain trace amounts of benzene and formaldehyde which may cancer and birth defects. Human: passesthe placental barrier.

Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans:Acute Potential Health Effects:Skin: May cause skin irritation. May be harmful if absorbed through the skin.Eyes: Causes eye irritation, characterized by a burning sensation, redness, tearing, inflammation, and possiblecorneal injury.Inhalation: Inhalation at high concentrations affects the sense organs, brain and causes respiratory tract irritation.It also may affect the Central Nervous System (behavior) characterized by dizzness, drowsiness, confusion,headache, muscle weakeness, and possibly motor incoordination, speech abnormalities, narcotic effects andcoma. Inhalation may also affect the gastrointestinal tract (nausea, vomiting).Ingestion: May cause irritation of the digestive (gastrointestinal) tract (nausea, vomiting). It may also affect theCentral Nevous System (behavior), characterized by depression, fatigue, excitement, stupor, coma, headache,altered sleep time, ataxia, tremors as well at the blood, liver, and urinary system (kidney, bladder, ureter) andendocrine system. May also have musculoskeletal effects.Chronic Potential Health Effects:Skin: May cause dermatitis.Eyes: Eye irritation.

Section 12: Ecological InformationEcotoxicity:Ecotoxicity in water (LC50): 5540 mg/l 96 hours [Trout]. 8300 mg/l 96 hours [Bluegill]. 7500 mg/l 96 hours[Fatthead Minnow]. 0.1 ppm any hours [Water flea].

BOD5 and COD: Not available.

Products of Biodegradation:Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products mayarise.

Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The product itself and its products of degradation are not toxic.

Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available.

Section 13: Disposal ConsiderationsWaste Disposal:Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmentalcontrol regulations.

Section 14: Transport InformationDOT Classification: CLASS 3: Flammable liquid.

p. 5

Identification: : Acetone UNNA: 1090 PG: II

Special Provisions for Transport: Not available.

Section 15: Other Regulatory InformationFederal and State Regulations:California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has found tocause reproductive harm (male) which would require a warning under the statute: BenzeneCalifornia prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has found tocause birth defects which would require a warning under the statute: BenzeneCalifornia prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has found tocause cancer which would require a warning under the statute: Benzene, FormaldehydeConnecticut hazardous material survey.: AcetoneIllinois toxic substances disclosure to employee act: AcetoneIllinois chemical safety act: AcetoneNew York release reporting list: AcetoneRhode Island RTK hazardous substances: AcetonePennsylvania RTK: AcetoneFlorida: AcetoneMinnesota: AcetoneMassachusetts RTK: AcetoneMassachusetts spill list: AcetoneNew Jersey: AcetoneNew Jersey spill list: AcetoneLouisiana spill reporting: AcetoneCalifornia List of Hazardous Substances (8 CCR 339): AcetoneTSCA 8(b) inventory: AcetoneTSCA 4(a) final test rules: AcetoneTSCA 8(a) IUR: Acetone

Other Regulations:OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances.

Other Classifications:

WHMIS (Canada):CLASS B-2: Flammable liquid with a flash point lower than 37.8°C (100°F).CLASS D-2B: Material causing other toxic effects (TOXIC).

DSCL (EEC):R11- Highly flammable.R36- Irritating to eyes.S9- Keep container in a well-ventilated place.S16- Keep away from sources of ignition - Nosmoking.S26- In case of contact with eyes, rinseimmediately with plenty of water and seekmedical advice.

HMIS (U.S.A.):

Health Hazard: 2

Fire Hazard: 3

Reactivity: 0

Personal Protection: h

p. 6

National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.):

Health: 1

Flammability: 3

Reactivity: 0

Specific hazard:

Protective Equipment:Gloves.Lab coat.Vapor respirator. Be sure to use anapproved/certified respirator orequivalent. Wear appropriate respiratorwhen ventilation is inadequate.Splash goggles.

Section 16: Other InformationReferences:-Material safety data sheet issued by: la Commission de la SantÃ© et de la SÃ©curitÃ© du Travail du QuÃ©bec.-The Sigma-Aldrich Library of Chemical Safety Data, Edition II.-Hawley, G.G.. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11e ed., New York N.Y., Van Nostrand Reinold, 1987.LOLI, RTECS, HSDB databases.Other MSDSs

Other Special Considerations: Not available.

Created: 10/10/2005 08:13 PM

Last Updated: 11/06/2008 12:00 PM

The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, wemake no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and weassume no liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of theinformation for their particular purposes. In no event shall ScienceLab.com be liable for any claims, losses, or damages of anythird party or for lost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary damages, howsoever arising, evenif ScienceLab.com has been advised of the possibility of such damages.

p. 7

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET PROSOCO, Inc.

I PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION

MANUFACTURER’S NAME AND ADDRESS:

PROSOCO, Inc. 3741 Greenway Circle Lawrence, KS 66046

EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS: 8:00 AM – 5:00 PM CST Monday-Friday: NON-BUSINESS HOURS (INFOTRAC):

785/865-4200 800/535-5053

PRODUCT TRADE NAME: Conservare® HCT (Hydroxylating Conversion Treatment)

II HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS

CHEMICAL NAME (COMMON NAME) CAS NO. NFPA CODE ACGIH TLV/TWA OSHA PEL/TWA

Contains no hazardous ingredients greater than 1%

III PHYSICAL DATA

BOILING POINT (°F)

VAPOR PRESSURE

(mm Hg) VAPOR DENSITY

(Air = 1) EVAPORATION RATE

(Butyl Acetate = 1)

Contains no hazardous ingredients greater than 1%

SPECIFICGRAVITY pH SOLUBILITY

IN WATER APPEARANCE AND

ODORHCT (Hydroxylating Conversion Treatment) 1.009 4.0 100% Clear liquid, slight odor

IV FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA

EMERGENCY OVERVIEW

Conservare® HCT is a clear liquid with a slight odor.

FLASH POINT (METHOD): Not determined.

FLAMMABLE LIMITS: Not applicable.

EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: Not applicable.

SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES: None.

UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: None.

Conservare® HCT (Hydroxylating Conversion Treatment) - Page 2 of 4

V HEALTH HAZARD DATA

PRIMARY ROUTES OF EXPOSURE: Skin, eyes, ingestion.

CARCINOGEN INFORMATION: Not listed (OSHA, IARC, NTP).

MEDICAL CONDITIONS AGGRAVATED BY OVEREXPOSURE: No applicable information found.

EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: no harmful effects have been reported.

EYE CONTACT: May cause irritation.,

SKIN CONTACT: May cause irritation.

INHALATION: No harmful effects from exposure to vapor are expected. Direct contact with mists may irritate mucus membranes.

INGESTION: No harmful effects have been reported,

EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES:

EYE CONTACT: If in eyes, flush with large amounts of water for 15 minutes, holding eyelids apart to ensure flushing of the entire eye surface. If persistent irritation occurs, get medical attention.

SKIN CONTACT: Wash exposed area with soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing. If persistent irritation occurs, get medical attention.

INHALATION: No harmful effects expected from exposure to vapors.

INGESTION: Do NOT induce vomiting! If vomiting occurs, keep head below hips to prevent liquid from entering lungs. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention.

VI REACTIVITY DATA

STABILITY: Stable.

CONDITIONS TO AVOID: None.

INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID): None.

HAZARDOUS COMBUSTION OR DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Unknown.

VII SPILL OR LEAK PROCEDURES

SPILL, LEAK, WASTE DISPOSAL PROCEDURES: Wear appropriate protective safety equipment. Control spill with absorbent pads or brooms. If necessary, apply granular or loose sorbent to spill. When absorbed, sweep or otherwise collect and dispose of properly. Floors may be slippery, care should be exercised to avoid falls.

WASTE DISPOSAL METHODS: Dispose of in a manner approved for this material. As of this writing, the product is not considered to be a hazardous waste, however, federal regulation prohibits disposal of liquid materials of any kind in a sanitary landfill. Solidify cleanup residuals before disposal. After minor pH adjustment, liquid residuals may be rinsed into a sanitary drain withpermission of the receiving treatment plant. As local and state regulations may vary, consult with appropriate state and localregulatory agencies to ascertain proper disposal procedures.

Empty containers must not be reused. Drain all liquid possible from the container before disposal in a sanitary landfill.


VIII SPECIAL PROTECTION INFORMATION

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION: Use a NIOSH approved dust/mist respirator as necessary to avoid unnecessary inhalation of mists during application.

VENTILATION: No special ventilation required.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Wear protective clothing such as long sleeved work shirt and pants, work boots, and rubber gloves to avoid skin contact. Do not allow clothing to become saturated with product. If work practices cannot be adjusted to avoid excess clothing saturation, splash resistant or Tyvek clothing and boots may be required.

PROTECTIVE GLOVES: Wear rubber or PVC gloves as required to avoid prolonged skin contact.

EYE PROTECTION: Safety glasses with side shields are recommended during use. If work practices and application techniques cause a risk of splashing or excessive wind-drift, then splash resistant goggles may be required.

OTHER PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT: Access to an eyewash is recommended.

IX SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

WORK PRACTICES: Proper work practices and planning should be utilized to avoid contact with workers, passersby, and non-masonry surfaces. Do not atomize during application. Beware of wind drift. . Always follow published application rates. Seethe Product Data sheet and label for specific precautions to be taken during use. Smoking, eating and drinking should be prohibited during the use of this product. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of a shift.

PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN HANDLING AND STORAGE: Wear appropriate safety equipment and clothing. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or clothing. Do not take internally. Avoid breathing mist. Never touch face with hands or gloves that may be contaminated with this product.

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place. Keep containers tightly closed when not dispensing product. Use care around spilled material because it will be slippery.

OTHER PRECAUTIONS: None known.

X REGULATORY INFORMATION

SHIPPING: This material is non-hazardous for shipping via domestic or international ground or air transport.

NATIONAL MOTOR FREIGHT CLASSIFICATION: #149980 Sub 2 Class rate: 55

SARA 313 REPORTABLE:

CHEMICAL NAME CAS UPPERBOUND CONCENTRATION % BY WEIGHT

N/A

CALIFORNIA PROPOSITION 65: This product contains no substances listed under California's Proposition 65.

RCRA Waste Classification: This product is not classified as a hazardous waste under federal regulations.


XI OTHER

MSDS Status: Date of Revision: October 27, 2008

For Product Manufactured After: N/A – no change in formulation

Changes: Updated Section IX.

Item #: 42040

Approved By: Regulatory Department

DISCLAIMER:

The information contained on the Material Safety Data Sheet has been compiled from data considered accurate. This data is believed to be reliable, but it must be pointed out that values for certain properties are known to vary from source to source.PROSOCO, Inc. expressly disclaims any warranty express or implied as well as any liability for any injury or loss arising from the use of this information or the materials described. This data is not to be construed as absolutely complete since additional data may be desirable when particular conditions or circumstances exist. It is the responsibility ofthe user to determine the best precautions necessary for the safe handling and use of this product for his unique application. This data relates only to the specific material designated and is not to be used in combination with any other material. Many federal and state regulations pertain directly or indirectly to the product's end use and disposal of containers and unused material. It is the purchaser's responsibility to familiarize himself with all applicable regulations.

DATE OF PREPARATION: May 15, 2001

Conservare® OH100 Consolidation Treatment - Page 1 of 4

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET


MANUFACTURER'S NAME PROSOCO, Inc. AND ADDRESS: 3741 Greenway Circle Lawrence, Kansas 66046

EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS:8:00 AM - 5:00 PM CST Monday-Friday: 785/865-4200 NON-BUSINESS HOURS (INFOTRAC): 800/535-5053

PRODUCT TRADE NAME: Conservare® OH100 Consolidation Treatment


CHEMICAL NAME (COMMON NAME) CAS NO. NFPA CODE ACGIH TLV/TWA OSHA PEL/TWA

Di-n-butyltindilaurate (-) 77-58-7 1,3,0,- Not Established Not Established Organic Tin Compound (-) - Unknown 0.1 mg/m3 0.1 mg/m3

Ethyl Alcohol (Ethanol) 64-17-5 3,3,0,- 1000 ppm 1000 ppm Tetra ethyl silicate (Ethyl Silicate) 78-10-4 2,2,0,- 10 ppm 100 ppm

* Contains some or all of the listed ingredients.

III PHYSICAL DATA

BOILING POINT (°F)

VAPOR PRESSURE

(mm Hg)

VAPOR DENSITY

(Air=1)

EVAPORATION RATE

(1=Butyl Acetate)

Di-n-butyltindilaurate N/A N/A N/A N/A Organic Tin Compound >401 0.2 (320�F) N/A Very Slow Ethyl Alcohol 180 33 (68°F) 3.0 1.9 Tetra ethyl silicate 302 1.0 (68°F) Unknown Unknown

SPECIFICGRAVITY

SOLUBILITY IN WATER

APPEARANCE AND ODOR

Conservare® OH100 Consolidation Treatment 0.997(@ 77°F) Negligible Clear liquid, alcohol odor


EMERGENCY OVERVIEW

Conservare® OH100 Consolidation Treatment is a clear liquid with a mild alcohol odor. It is a combustible liquid, remove all potential sources of ignition. Product may irritate skin upon contact and may cause lung damage if inhaled. Wear appropriate respiratory protection.

FLASH POINT (Method): 104�F (40�C) (closed cup) FLAMMABLE LIMITS: Not determined. EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical, alcohol-resistant foam, sand or water-mist. Do not use direct water stream. Do

not use direct water stream. Avoid accumulation of water as product will float.

SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Do not enter confined fire space without proper protective equipment including a NIOSH/MSHA approved self-contained breathing apparatus. Cool fire exposed containers, surrounding equipment and structures with water.


UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Vapors are heavier than air and may accumulate in low areas or areas inadequately ventilated. Vapors may also travel along the ground to be ignited at location distant from handling site; flashback of flame tohandling site may occur. Never use welding or cutting torch on or near drum (even empty) because product (even just residue) can ignite explosively. As a result of hydrolysis, flammable vapors may accumulate in the container head space.

COMBUSTIBLE! Keep container tightly closed. Isolate from oxidizers, heat, and open flame. Closed containers may explode if exposed to extreme heat. Applying to hot surfaces requires special precautions.


PRIMARY ROUTES OF EXPOSURE: Inhalation, skin, eyes. CARCINOGEN INFORMATION: Not listed (OSHA, IARC, NTP). MEDICAL CONDITIONS AGGRAVATED BY OVEREXPOSURE: This product is damaging to the liver and kidneys, and is also toxic to

the lungs. Product also causes acute dermatitis and has a narcotic effect. EFFECTS OF OVEREXPOSURE: Highly irritating to eyes. Moderately irritating to skin. High concentrations may produce anesthetic or

narcotic effect. May cause kidney and liver damage and temporary disorder of sight. EYE CONTACT: Liquid is highly irritating to the eyes. Vapors are also irritating. Possible moderate corneal injury and temporary disorder

of sight. SKIN CONTACT: Liquid is moderately irritating to the skin. Repeated, prolonged contact can result in defatting to the skin which may

lead to dermatitis. INHALATION: Breathing high vapor concentrations or prolonged breathing of lower concentrations can cause nose and throat irritation

and may cause headache, dizziness and loss of consciousness. INGESTION: Liquid ingestion may result in vomiting; aspiration of liquid into the lungs must be avoided as liquid contact with the lungs

can result in chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary edema/hemorrhage. EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES:

EYE CONTACT: If in eyes, flush with large amounts of water for 15 minutes, holding eyelids apart to ensure flushing of the entire eye surface. Get medical attention immediately.

SKIN CONTACT: Remove material with a waterless skin cleaner, then wash with plenty of soap and water. Remove contaminated clothing and do not reuse until laundered. If persistent irritation occurs, get medical attention.

INHALATION: Remove victim to fresh air and provide oxygen if breathing is difficult. Give artificial respiration if not breathing. Get immediate medical attention. Designate the product.

INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING! Get immediate medical attention. Designate the product. If vomiting occurs spontaneously, keep victim's head below hips to prevent breathing vomitus into lungs.

VI REACTIVITY DATA

STABILITY: Stable at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressure CONDITIONS TO AVOID: None known. INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID): Oxidizing materials, acids, and alkalis, water HAZARDOUS COMBUSTION OR DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, silicon dioxide and traces of

incompletely burned hydrocarbons. Ethyl alcohol from hydrolysis.


SPILL, LEAK AND WASTE DISPOSAL PROCEDURES: STEPS TO BE TAKEN IN CASE MATERIAL IS RELEASED OR SPILLED:Eliminate potential sources of ignition. Wear appropriate respirator and other protective clothing. Shut off source of leak only if safe to do so. Dike and contain to prevent migration to sewers, soil and surface and ground water. Remove with explosion-proof equipment. Soak up residue with a noncombustible absorbent such as clay or vermiculite; place in drums for proper disposal.

WASTE DISPOSAL METHODS: Dispose of in a facility approved under RCRA regulations for hazardous waste. Containers must be leak-proof and properly labeled.



RESPIRATORY PROTECTION: Do not breath mists. Wear a NIOSH approved dust/mist respirator as necessary. If Threshold Limit Value (TLV) of the product or any component is exceeded, a NIOSH/MSHA jointly approved air-supplied respirator is advised in absence of proper environmental control. Engineering or administrative controls should be implemented to reduce exposure.

VENTILATION: Provide sufficient general and/or local exhaust ventilation to maintain exposure below TLV(s). Use explosion-proof ventilation as required to control vapor concentrations below the TLV(s). Ventilation may be required during product drying andcuring.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Wear protective clothing as required to prevent skin contact. PROTECTIVE GLOVES: Wear solvent-resistant gloves, such as butyl rubber. EYE PROTECTION: Chemical splash goggles in compliance with OSHA regulations are recommended. Do not wear contact lenses

because they may contribute to the severity of an eye injury. OTHER PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT: Solvent-resistant boots and headgear as required. An eyewash should be easily accessible from

the work area. Access to a safety shower is recommended.


WORK PRACTICES: Proper work practices and planning should be utilized to avoid contact with workers, passersby, and non-masonry surfaces. Do not atomize during application. Beware of wind drift. Over-application may contribute to fume problems. Always follow published application rates. See the Product Data sheet and label for specific precautions to be taken during use. This product is combustible! Always bond and ground containers during transfer. Eliminate all sources of ignition, even remote sources, as vapors may travel some distance. Smoking, eating and drinking should be prohibited during the use of this product. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of a shift.

This product will continue to evolve vapor during drying and ethyl alcohol during curing. Continue ventilation as needed duringcuring.

PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN HANDLING AND STORAGE: Store away from oxidizing materials, in a cool, dry place with adequate ventilation. Keep away from heat and open flames. Keep container tightly closed when not dispensing product. Wash up with soap and water before eating, drinking, smoking or using toilet facilities. Launder contaminated clothing before reuse.

Containers of this material may be hazardous when emptied, since emptied containers retain product residues (vapor, liquid, and/or solid). All hazard precautions given in the Data sheet must be observed.

Ground equipment to prevent accumulation of static charge. Containers must be bonded and grounded when pouring or transferring materials.

OTHER PRECAUTIONS: Environmental Hazards - Keep out of surface water and watercourses or sewers entering or leading to surface waters.


SHIPPING: This product is not regulated when shipped domestic ground in its original, complete packaging. The product is reclassified as a hazardous material for shipping by air, ocean, or in international commerce. Consult with PROSOCO’s Regulatory Department for shipping information.

SARA 313 Reportable: Chemical name CAS Upperbound Concentration % by Weight None - -


XI OTHER

MSDS Status: Date of Revision: August 3, 2006 For Product Manufactured After: September 27, 2000 Changes: NA – Review Only Item #: 42015 Approved By: Regulatory Department

DISCLAIMER:

The information contained on the Material Safety Data Sheet has been compiled from data considered accurate. This data is believed to be reliable, but it must be pointed out that values for certain properties are known to vary from source to source.PROSOCO, Inc. expressly disclaims any warranty express or implied as well as any liability for any injury or loss arising from the use of this information or the materials described. This data is not to be construed as absolutely complete since additional data may be desirable when particular conditions or circumstances exist. It is the responsibility of the user todetermine the best precautions necessary for the safe handling and use of this product for his unique application. This data relates only to the specific material designated and is not to be used in combination with any other material. Many federal andstate regulations pertain directly or indirectly to the product's end use and disposal of containers and unused material. It is the purchaser's responsibility to familiarize himself with all applicable regulations.

DATE OF PREPARATION: August 3, 2006

0

0

1

0

Material Safety Data Sheet: D/2 BIOLOGICAL SOLUTION Version No. 24005 Date of Issue: March 2008 ANSI-Z400.1-2003 Format

Section 1: PRODUCT & COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product Name: D/2 Biological Solution

Exclusively Distributed By: Manufactured By: Cathedral Stone® Products, Inc. 7266 Park Circle Drive Hanover, MD 21076

Sunshine Makers, Inc. 15922 Pacific Coast Highway Huntington Harbour, CA 92649

Telephone: 410-782-9150 Telephone: 800-228-0709 Fax: 410-782-9155 Fax: 562-592-3830

Emergency Phone: Chem-Tel 24-Hour Emergency Service: 800-225-3924

Use of Product D/2 Biological Solution is an easy-to-use liquid that aids in the removal of a broad spectrum of soils. It is designed for use on outdoor sculpture, monuments, decorative fountains, stone, brick, terra cotta, concrete, stucco, and other architectural surfaces.

Section 2: HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION D/2 Biological Solution is a colorless liquid with a very faint detergent-like odor. It is non-flammable, non-combustible, non-explosive, and non-reactive.

Hazard Rating (NFPA/HMIS) Rating Scale Health = 1* Reactivity = 0 0 = Minimal 1 = Slight 2 = Moderate Fire = 0 Special = 0 3 = Serious 4 = Severe * Mild eye irritant, non-mutagenic and non-carcinogenic

Eye Contact: Eye Irritant.

Skin Contact: Prolonged skin contact with D/2 Biological Solution may irritate the skin. Repeated daily application to the skin without rinsing, or continuous contact of D/2 Biological Solution on the skin may lead to irritation.

Ingestion: Essentially non-toxic. May cause stomach or intestinal upset if swallowed.

Inhalation: No adverse effects expected under typical use conditions. Adequate ventilation should be present when using D/2 Biological Solution over a prolonged period of time. Open windows or ventilate via fan or other air-moving equipment if necessary. Mucous membranes may become irritated by concentrate mist.

Carcinogens: No ingredients are listed by OSHA, IARC, or NTP as known or suspected carcinogens.

Medical Conditions: No medical conditions are known to be aggravated by exposure to D/2 Biological Solution.

Section 3: COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Ingredients CAS Number OSHA PEL ACGIH TLVSurfactants Proprietary None established Wetting Agents Proprietary None established Buffers Proprietary None established

Section 4: FIRST AID MEASURES If in Eyes: Immediately rinse the eye with large quantities of cool water; if present, contact lenses should be removed after 5

minutes of rinsing; continue rinsing 10-15 minutes more. Both upper and lower lids should be lifted to facilitate thorough rinsing.

If on Skin: Minimal effects, if any, from diluted product; rinse skin with water, rinse shoes and launder clothing before reuse. -Reversible reddening may occur in some dermal-sensitive users; thoroughly rinse area.

If Inhaled: Use in well-ventilated area, or use adequate protection from inhaling mist during spray applications. Prolonged exposure of workers to concentrate-mist during spray application may cause mild irritation of nasal passages or throat. If this happens, relocate workers to fresh air.

If Ingested: Give several glasses of milk or water to dilute; do not induce vomiting. If stomach upset occurs, consult physician.

Pg 1 of 3 Material Safety Data Sheet: D/2 BIOLOGICAL SOLUTION


Section 5: FIRE FIGHTING MEASURESExtinguishing Media: Not flammable/non-explosive. No special procedures required.

Special Fire Fighting Procedures: None required.

Section 6: ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES Personal Precautions: Avoid contact with eyes. Do not rub eyes with hands during cleanup. No special precautions for dermal contact are needed. Wash hands thoroughly after cleaning up spill or leak.

Procedure to follow in case of spill or leak: Evacuate area. Identify source of leak or spill and contain with sand, earth, or containment bin. Then proceed to clean up spill or leak.

Method for cleaning up: Recover all usable material. Residual may be removed by wipe or wet mope. Rinse area with plenty of water and mop to sanitary sewer.

Section 7: HANDLING AND STORAGE No special handling is required. Keep in a closed plastic container. Store at ambient temperature. Avoid contact with eyes. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. This product is non-hazardous for storage and transport according to the U.S. Department of Transportation Regulations.

This material does not meet the definition of a hazardous material according to 49 CFR, ICAO, IMDG and the UN Orange Book.

Section 8: EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION Precautionary measures: No special requirements under normal use conditions.

Exposure Limits: The D/2 Biological Solution formulation presents no health hazards to the user, other than mild eye irritancy.

Eye protection: Caution, including reasonable eye protection, should always be used to avoid eye contact where splashing may occur, such as during spray applications.

Respiratory Protection: No special precautions required.

Ventilation: No special ventilation is required during normal use.

Skin protection: No special precautions required; rinse completely from skin after contact.

General hygiene conditions: There are no known hazards associated with this material when used as recommended. The following general hygiene considerations are recognized as common good industrial hygiene practices: - Avoid breathing vapor or mist. - Avoid contact with eyes. - Wash thoroughly after handling and before eating, drinking, or smoking.

Section 9: PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Appearance: Clear Liquid Freezing Point: -9 oC (16 oF)

Odor: Very faint detergent-like odor Boiling Point: 98oC (209oF)

pH: 9.5 Specific Gravity: 1.011

Evaporation Rate: 0.4 (butyl acetate = 1) Vapor Pressure: 20.7 mm Hg

Water Solubility: 100% Vapor Density: 1.3 (air = 1)

Section 10: STABILITY AND REACTIVITYStability: Stable.

Materials to Avoid: Contains ammoniated compounds – do not mix with bleach, tub & tile cleaner, mold/mildew removers, or chlorinated compounds.

Hazardous Decomposition Products: None expected



Section 11: TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION Toxicity Data: Available from relevant laboratory testing of ingredients or similar mixtures.

Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50: >2.0 g/kg body weight Dermal LD50: Not estimated

Eye Irritation: With or without rinsing with water, the irritation scores in rabbits at 24 hours did not exceed 17 (mild irritant) on a scale of 110 (extremely irritating); all scores were normal at seven days.

Dermal Irritation: In a standard test on rabbits, mild irritation was found at 72 hours; well-defined reddening was observed at 7 and 14 days after exposure.

Dermal Sensitization: No allergic reactions occurred in guinea pigs treated with D/2 Biological Solution.

Carcinogenicity: D/2 Biological Solution contains no carcinogenic compounds as defined by the National Toxicology Program (NTP), the international Agency for Research on Carcinogens (IARC), or the Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA).

Section 12: ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Biodegradability: All components are inherently biodegradable. Ecotoxicity: Not Tested.

Section 13: DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS Unused Product: * Dilute with water 1:10 (1 part D/2 Biological Solution to 10 parts water) and dispose by sanitary sewer.

Used Product: *Used product may be hazardous depending on the cleaning application and resulting contaminants.

Empty Containers: *Triple-rinse with water and offer for recycling if available. Otherwise, dispose as non-hazardous waste.

*Dispose of used or unused product, and empty containers in accordance with the local, State, Provincial, and Federal regulations for your location. Never dispose of used degreasing rinsates into lakes, streams, and open bodies of water or storm drains.

Section 14: TRANSPORT INFORMATION IATA Proper Shipping Name: Detergent solution Hazard Class: Non hazardous

Section 15: REGULATORY INFORMATION *Reportable components: None. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has determined that propylene glycol ethers are not included within the listed category "glycol ethers" under either EPCRA §313 Toxic Release Inventory or Clean Air Act §112 Hazardous Air Pollutants (both lists include only ethylene glycol ethers). Nor are propylene glycol ethers included in the various EPA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and Clean Water Act lists, nor the California Proposition 65 lists. All components are listed on: EINECS and TSCA Inventory No components listed under: Clean Air Act Section 112 RCRA Status: Not a hazardous waste. CERCLA Status: No components listed TSCA TRI Reporting: Not required / Not listed CA PROP. 65 Status: No components listed Section 16: OTHER INFORMATION For Safety Information, Sales Applications and Availability contact:

CATHEDRAL STONE® PRODUCTS, INC. 7266 Park Circle Drive, Hanover, MD 21076

Telephone: 410-782-9150 Fax: 410-782-9155 DISCLAIMER: All information appearing herein is based upon data obtained by the manufacturer and recognized technical sources. Judgments as to the suitability of information herein for purchaser’s purposes are necessarily purchaser’s responsibility. Therefore, although reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of this information, Sunshine Makers, Inc. or its distributors extends no warranties, makes no representations and assumes no responsibility as to the suitability of such information for application topurchaser’s intended purposes or for consequences of its use.


MSDS – Jahn Mortars (M-Products) Page 1 of 2 1/18/2008

Cathedral Stone

® Products 7266 Park Circle Drive Hanover, Maryland 21076 (800) 684-0901 FAX: (410) 782-9155 www.cathedralstone.com

Jahn Restoration Mortar (Jahn M-Products) Material Safety Data Sheet

Section I –Product and Company Identification Trade Name: Jahn Restoration Mortar Date Prepared: 9/10/2008

Supplier: Cathedral Stone Products Manufacturer: Cathedral Stone Products Address: 7266 Park Circle Drive Address: 7266 Park Circle Drive Hanover, Maryland 21076, U. S. A. Hanover, Maryland 21076, U. S. A.

Emergency Number: Chemtrec (800) 424-9300 Customer Code: CDTS Telephone Number: (410) 782-9150 Fax Number: (410) 782-9155

Section II –Composition/ Information on Ingredients Ingredient Names OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV NOISH (RTECS)#

Silicon Dioxide (Quartz) (CAS: 14808-60-7) See table Z3 0.1 mg/m� Rdust; 9293

VV7330000

Non-Hazardous Aggregate N/A N/A 1000314NH Tricalcium Silicate (CAS: 12168-85-3) N/A N/A 1004122TS Dicalcium Silicate N/A N/A 1004278DS Tricalcium Aluminate (CAS: 12042-78-3) N/A N/A 1004124TA Calcium Oxide (CAS: 1305-78-8) 5mg/m� 2mg/m� EW3100000 Non-Hazardous Ingredients: Inorganic pigments N/A N/A 10000314NH

Section III – Physical/Chemical Characteristics Boiling Point: N/A Specific Gravity: 1400/1700 kg/m3 Vapor Pressure: N/A Melting Point: N/A Vapor Density (Air=1): N/A Evaporation Rate: N/A Solubility in Water (20º C): Negligible Solubility in Other Solvents: N/A Color: White to Pastel Odor: No Odor

Section IV – Fire and Explosion Hazard Data

Flash Point: N/A

Extinguishing Media: Media Suitable for Surrounding Fire (FP N).

Special Fire Fighting Procedure: Wear NIOSH / MSHA Approved SCBA & Full Protective Equip. (FP N).

Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards: Not Relevant Section V – Reactivity Data

Stability: Yes Conditions to Avoid Stable (Stability): N/A Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid): N/A Hazardous Polymerization: No

Conditions to Avoid (Hazardous Polymerization): Not Relevant

MSDS – Jahn Mortars (M-Products) Page 2 of 2 1/18/2008

Cathedral Stone Jahn Mortars Material Safety Data Sheet

Section VI – Health Hazard Data Primary Routes of Entry: Inhalation Ingestion Health Hazard acute and Chronic: Eye and Skin Irritation, Removes Oil From Skin. Other Potential Health Risks: None Carciogenicity – NTP: Yes Carciogenicity – IARC: Yes Carciogenicity – OSHA: No

Explanation Carciogenicity: Not Relevant Signs / Symptoms of Exposure: See Health Hazards Medical Condition Aggravated by Exposure: None Specified by Manufacturer. Contact with Eyes: IMMEDIATELY FLUSH WITH POTABLE WATER FOR A MINIMUM OF 15 MINUTES, SEEK ASSISTANCE FROM MD (FP N). INHALATION: REMOVE TO FRESH AIR. SUPPORT BREATHING (GIVE 0*2/ARTF RESP) (FP N). INGESTION: CALL MD IMMEDIATELY (FP N).

Section VII – Safe Handling and Use Information Steps to be Taken in Case Material is Released or Spilled: Normal Clean Up.

Neutralizing Agent: None Specified by Manufacturer.

Waste Disposal Method: If This Material as Provided by the Manufacturer, Becomes a Waste, It Doesn’t Meet the Criteria of a Hazardous Waste as Defined by the EPA Under Authority of the RCRA. Disposal Must be in Accordance With Federal, State, or Local Regulations (FP N). Precautions-Handling / Storage: Store Dry

Other Precautions: Avoid Contact Between Skin Surfaces and Wet Mortar, or Clothing Saturated With Wet Mortar. Wash Clothing in Clean Water.

Normal Use: Mix With Water and Use Within 30 Minutes. Do Not Use Under 5°C (41°F).

Section VIII – Control Measures Protective Gloves: Impervious Gloves Recommended. Respiratory Protection: NIOSH / MSHA Approved Dust Respirator. Ventilation: N/A Eye Protection: Chemical Worker’s Goggles. Other Protective Equipment: None Specified by Manufacturer. Work Hygienic Practices: None Specified by Manufacturer. Suppl. Safety and Health Data: None Specified by Manufacturer.

Section IX – Label Data Label Required: Yes Label Status: G Common Name: Cementitious Mortar Special Hazard Precautions: Inhalation: Pulmonary Diseases. Dust Can Cause Inflammation of the Lining Tissue of the Interior of the Nose and Inflammation of the Cornea. Label Name: Cathedral Stone Products, Inc. Label Street: 7266 Park Circle Drive Label City: Hanover Label State: Maryland Label Zip Code: 21076 Label Emergency Number: (410)782-9150 Fax: (410)782-9155

Section XX – Transportation DOT Shipping: N/A DOT Hazard: N/A

Section XXI Disclaimer: Although reasonable care has been taken in preparation of this document, we extend no warrantees, and make no representations as to the accuracy or completeness of information Contained therein, and assume no responsibility regarding the suitability of this information for the user’s intended purposes or for the consequences of its use. Each individual should make a determination as to the suitability of the information for his or her particular purpose.

Sure Klean® Light Duty Restoration Cleaner - Page 1 of 4

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET PROSOCO, Inc.


MANUFACTURER’S NAMEAND ADDRESS:

PROSOCO, Inc.3741 Greenway CircleLawrence, KS 66046

EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS:8:00 AM – 5:00 PM CST Monday-Friday:NON-BUSINESS HOURS (INFOTRAC):

785-865-4200800/535-5053

PRODUCT TRADE NAME: Sure Klean® Light Duty Restoration Cleaner


CHEMICAL NAME (COMMON NAME) CAS NO. NFPA CODE ACGIHTLV/TWA OHSA PEL/TWA

Glycolic Acid (Hydroxyacetic Acid) 79-14-1 3,0,0,- Not listed Not listedAmidosulfonic Acid (Sulfamic Acid) 5329-14-6 2,1,1,- Not listed Not listedHydrogen Fluoride (< 1%) (Hydrofluoric Acid) 7664-39-3 4,0,1,- 3 ppm 3ppm

III PHYSICAL DATA

BOILING POINT(°F)

VAPORPRESSURE

(mm Hg)

VAPOR DENSITY(Air = 1)

EVAPORATION RATE(Butyl Acetate = 1)

Glycolic Acid 234�F 17.5 (68°F) 1.7 N/AAmidosulfonic Acid 408�F < 0.01 (68°F) N/A N/AHydrofluoric Acid 224 27 (70�F) 2.21 @ 70�F N/A

SPECIFICGRAVITY

SOLIBILITYIN WATER

APPEARANCE ANDODOR

Light Duty Restoration Cleaner 1.122 Complete Clear gelled liquid, mildodor


EMERGENCY OVERVIEW

Sure Klean® Light Duty Restoration Cleaner is a moderately corrosive material that may cause damage to skin, eyes and mucousmembranes. Burns from this product may not be immediately painful or evident. Wear proper safety equipment to avoid exposure.Wash immediately after exposure. Exposures may require fluoride specific treatment.

FLASH POINT (METHOD): None.

FLAMMABLE LIMITS: No applicable information found.

EXTINGUISHING MEDIA: No applicable information found.

SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES: Wear NIOSH/MSHA approved self-contained breathing apparatus with a full face pieceoperated in pressure demand or other positive pressure mode and full body protective clothing when fighting fires. Generatesheat upon addition of water with possible spattering. Water may be used to keep fire-exposed containers cool until fire is out.Water or foam may cause frothing which can be violent and endanger the life of the fire fighter, especially if sprayed intocontainers of hot, burning liquid.


UNUSUAL FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS: Reacts with most metals to release hydrogen gas which can form explosive mixtureswith air. Flammable and explosive mixtures are unlikely except in poorly ventilated or confined areas.


PRIMARY ROUTES OF EXPOSURE: Skin, eyes, inhalation.

CARCINOGEN INFORMATION: Not listed (OSHA, IARC, NTP).

MEDICAL CONDITIONS AGGRAVATED BY OVEREXPOSURE: No applicable information found.

EFFECTS OF OVER EXPOSURE: Causes severe damage to eyes. Causes burns to skin. Breathing of mist or dust can damagenasal and respiratory passages. Swallowing results in damage to mucous membranes and deep tissue; can result in deathon penetration to vital areas. Bronchitis, pulmonary edema and chemical pneumonitis may occur from inhalation of vapors ormists.

EYE CONTACT: Liquid or concentrated vapors can cause eye irritation, severe burns and permanent damage.

SKIN CONTACT: Vapors, mists and liquid are corrosive to the skin. Vapors will irritate the skin. Liquid and mists will burn the skin.Prolonged liquid contact will burn or destroy surrounding tissue. Burns from this product may be delayed as long as 24 hoursafter initial exposure.

INHALATION: Vapors and mists are corrosive to the nose, throat, and mucous membranes. Bronchitis, pulmonary edema, andchemical pneumonitis may occur. Irritation, coughing, chest pain, and difficulty in breathing may occur with brief exposure.Prolonged exposure may result in more severe irritation and tissue damage.

INGESTION: Vapors, mists, and liquid are corrosive to the mouth and throat. Swallowing the liquid burns the tissues, causesabdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and collapse. Swallowing large quantities can cause death.

EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES:

EYE CONTACT: Irrigate eyes for 15-30 minutes with water, keeping eyelids apart and away from eyeballs during irrigation. Getmedical attention immediately, preferably an eye specialist. If a physician is not immediately available, apply 1 or 2 drops of0.5% Pontocaine® Hydrochloride solution followed by a second irrigation for 15 minutes. Do not use the solution describedfor skin treatment.

Irrigate with 1% calcium gluconate in normal saline for 1 to 2 hours to prevent or lessen corneal damage.

SKIN CONTACT: Immediately place under a safety shower or wash the burned area with a water hose. Remove all contaminatedclothing while washing continuously. Keep washing with large amounts of water for 15 to 20 minutes. After washing, theburned area should be immersed in a solution of 0.13% Zephiran® Chloride. If immersion is not practical, towels should besoaked with the above solution and used as compresses for the burned area. The compresses should be changed every 2minutes and continue until pain is relieved, up to 4 to 6 hours. Alternatively, 2.5% calcium gluconate gel may be promptly andcontinuously massaged into the burned area until the pain is relieved. Seek medical attention immediately for all burns.

INHALATION: Immediately remove to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If not breathing, give artificial respiration, but NOTmouth-to-mouth.

INGESTION: Drink large amounts of water to dilute. DO NOT induce vomiting. Several glasses of milk or several ounces of milk ofmagnesia may be given for their soothing effect. Seek medical attention.

NOTE TO PHYSICIAN: For larger burns, if pain is not relieved by soaking in Zephiran® or by calcium gluconate gel, inject sterile 5%aqueous calcium gluconate solution subcutaneously beneath, around, and in the burned area. Initially use no more than 0.5cc per square centimeter and do not distort appearance of skin. If pain is not completely relieved, additional treatment isindicated. (5% calcium gluconate solution may be prepared by mixing equal parts of 10% calcium gluconate solution withnormal saline. For burns of large skin areas, (greater than 25 square inches), for ingestion and for significant inhalationexposure, severe systemic effects may occur. Monitor and correct for hypocalcemia, cardiac arrhythmias, hypomagnesemiaand hyperkalemia. In some cases renal dialysis may be indicated. For certain burns, especially of the digits, use of intra-arterial calcium gluconate may be indicated. Effectiveness of treatment is indicated by cessation of pain.


VI REACTIVITY DATA

STABILITY: Stable.

CONDITIONS TO AVOID: Contact with strong bases (alkali), can cause violent reaction generating large amounts of heat. Avoidheat, sparks, or open flame.

INCOMPATIBILITY (MATERIALS TO AVOID): Alkaline materials, metals, oxidizing materials, cyanides, sulfides, combustiblematerials, organic peroxides, strong reducing agents, carbides, chlorates, nitrates, picrates, fulminates and reducingmaterials.

HAZARDOUS COMBUSTION OR DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen when in contact withmetal. May release sulfur dioxide, hydrogen cyanide, or hydrogen sulfide.


SPILL, LEAK, WASTE DISPOSAL PROCEDURES: Provide adequate ventilation. Evacuate immediate area where concentratedfumes are present. Cleanup personnel must wear proper protective equipment. Contain spilled material with dikes, etc., andprevent runoff into ground and surface waters or into sewers.

Dilute spilled product with water to reduce fuming during cleanup work and from reaction with neutralizing substances. Spillsand leaks should be neutralized by pouring dry soda ash or lime over the affected area to absorb as much liquid as possible.Allow powdered material to remain on spill for five to ten minutes and flush thoroughly with water. Neutralized material, bothliquid and solid, must be recovered for proper disposal.

WASTE DISPOSAL METHODS: Recovered solids or liquids may be disposed of in a permitted waste management facility.Neutralized materials may be discharged to a sanitary sewer with approval of the receiving treatment plant. Typical pH rangeof 6-10 is generally considered appropriate for discharge. Consult federal, state, and/or local authorities for approvedprocedure. For additional information regarding handling and disposal of rinse-water, please review Technical Bulletin 200-CW “Controlled Handling of Cleaning Wastewater”. Empty containers must be triple rinsed before disposal in a permittedsanitary landfill. Check local restrictions.


RESPIRATORY PROTECTION: Vapor concentrations are unlikely to exceed the 3 ppm TLV. However, if you notice irritation or if airmonitoring indicates concentrations above the TLV, wear a NIOSH approved half-mask respirator with acid vapor cartridges.A dust/mist respirator should be worn to avoid exposure to mists generated during application or removal of this product.

VENTILATION: Provide sufficient general and/or local exhaust ventilation to maintain exposure below the TLV.

PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: Wear acid-resistant neoprene or PVC rain suit and rubber boots with protective pants outside.

PROTECTIVE GLOVES: Rubber gloves with gauntlets.

EYE PROTECTION: Chemical splash goggles and/or full face shield. Do not wear contact lenses because they may contribute to theseverity of an eye injury.

OTHER PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT: An eyewash and safety shower should be nearby and ready for use.


WORK PRACTICES: Proper work practices and planning should be utilized to avoid contact with workers, passersby, and non-masonry surfaces. Do not atomize during application. Beware of wind drift. Wind-drift hazards may be diminished by pre-rinsing with low-pressure water before pressure washing. Divert pedestrian traffic around work areas. See the Product Datasheet and label for specific precautions to be taken during use. Smoking, eating and drinking should be discouraged duringthe use of this product. Wash hands after handling or use.

PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN HANDLING AND STORAGE: Use proper safety equipment (see section VIII) when handling.Store in a cool, well-ventilated area. Separate from oxidizing agents, nitric acid, alkalis, chlorates, sulfides, etc. (see sectionVI). Store in proper acid-resistant containers such as rubber-lined steel, glass, or plastic. Emptied containers retain productresidues (vapor, liquid, and/or solid). All hazard precautions given in this data sheet must be observed.


OTHER PRECAUTIONS: Do not get in eyes, on skin or on clothing. Can cause injury or blindness. Avoid breathing mist or vapor.Provide ventilation sufficient to limit employee exposure below OSHA permissible limit. Do not take internally. Washthoroughly after handling. Empty containers should be treated as if they were full.


SHIPPING: The proper shipping description for this product is UN1760, Corrosive liquid, N.O.S. (Hydroxyacetic and SulfamicAcid), 8, II when shipped in its original factory packaging. This product and packaging combination is not allowed in airtransport.

NATIONAL MOTOR FREIGHT CLASSIFICATION: 44157 Sub 3 Class Rate: 85

SARA 313 REPORTABLE:

CHEMICAL NAME CAS UPPERBOUND CONCENTRATION % BY WEIGHT

Hydrogen Fluoride 7664-39-3 < 1%

CALIFORNIA PROPOSITION 65: This product contains no chemicals listed under California’s Proposition 65.

XI OTHER

MSDS Status: Date of Revision: April 18, 2007

For Product Manufactured After: N/A – No product reformulation

Changes: Updated Shipping Description (Section X) for DOT Regulation Compliance

Item #: 20039

Approved By: Regulatory Department

DISCLAIMER:

The information contained on the Material Safety Data Sheet has been compiled from data considered accurate. This data isbelieved to be reliable, but it must be pointed out that values for certain properties are known to vary from source to source.PROSOCO, Inc. expressly disclaims any warranty express or implied as well as any liability for any injury or loss arising fromthe use of this information or the materials described. This data is not to be construed as absolutely complete since additionaldata may be desirable when particular conditions or circumstances exist. It is the responsibility of the user to determine thebest precautions necessary for the safe handling and use of this product for his unique application. This data relates only tothe specific material designated and is not to be used in combination with any other material. Many federal and stateregulations pertain directly or indirectly to the product's end use and disposal of containers and unused material. It is thepurchaser's responsibility to familiarize himself with all applicable regulations.

DATE OF PREPARATION: April 18, 2007

Date post:	17-Nov-2014
Category:	Documents
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