2017DryFarmingCollaborativeTrialLewisBrownFarmBy:AmyGarrett(AssistantProfessorofPractice)andAnaMonreal(DryFarmingResearchAnalyst)OSUExtensionService,SmallFarmsProgramTheOSULewisBrowndryfarmtrialsiteis.69acresandhasmultiplevarietiesoftomatoes,squash,melon,zucchini,drybeans,andflourcorn.Thisisthefirstyearthisfieldhasbeendryfarmedandintendedtobethe‘mothertrial’forthe2017replicatedvarietytrialswiththeDryFarmingCollaborative(DFC).ThirtyDFCfarmsthroughoutWesternOregonandWashingtonaregrowingsomeofthesamecropvarietals.Soiltype:MalabonSiltyClayLoamSoilpreparation:• Fieldwasfallowoverthewinterandinbarleyin2016.• Brokegroundon5/1/17with1shallowpass(approx.4”deep)withtiller,andanotherpasswithtilleron5/7.• Soiltestresultsshowedthatorganicmatterwaslessthan4%,so100yardsofcompost(donatedfromRecologyinAumsville)werespread
on5/9and5/10andincorporatedwithpowerharrow/rollerandthenonepasswithtiller(approx.4”deep).• Spread800lbsofStutzman’sNutri-richfertilizer(4-3-2)andchiseledinlengthandcross-wise,then2passeswithharrow/rollerand1pass
withtiller.Planting:CropvarietalswereselectedbytheDryFarmingCollaborative,andplantedbetween5/23and5/26.Tilledonerowthenplantedthatrow,andrepeateduntilwholeplotwasplanted.Tomatoesweretransplantedandrestofcropswerepre-soakedfor24-36hoursthendirect-seeded.Duetostringofabout12hotdaysrightafterplanting,wedecidedtoirrigateonceon5/31(4hrsoverheadirrigation–about1.5”)Note:Rowsare5’apartand20rowfeet,so100sq.ft.isonereplication.Threereplicationswereplantedofeachvarietyalthoughnotallthreesurvived(seefieldnotesbelowtableonpg.2ofreport).Crop Varieties SeedSource TotalNumber
ofPlantsAverage
PlantingDensity(sq.ft./plant)
AverageYield/Plant
(lbs)
AverageYield/Acre(lbs.)
Beans
Whipple AdaptiveSeed 101 3.0 .07 1045.44VolgaGerman AdaptiveSeed 117 2.6 .06 1103.52EarlyWarwick AdaptiveSeed 107 2.8 .06 871.20BeefyResilientGrex FertileValleySeeds 107 2.8 .06 900.24MotherStallards PatShenkofCanaanHillFarm 95 3.2 Notmature -
Tomatoes EarlyGirl Johnny’sSeed 18 16.7 10.44 27297.60*DirtyGirl(dehybridizeddryfarmedEarlyGirl)
Tradewinds 18 16.7 6.00 15681.60
Stupice ViaLogHousePlants 17 17.6 9.34 23057.76PerfectRogue AdaptiveSeed 18 16.7 7.68 20066.64CourdiBue ViaLogHousePlants 18 16.7 7.28 19021.20BigBeef Johnny’sSeed 13 23.1 8.35 15768.72*ChampagneBubbles GalesMeadowFarm 18 16.7 6.37 16654.44*EarlyGirlF2 GalesMeadowFarm 23 17.4 11.79 29533.68
Melon *EelRiver SeedrEvolutionNow! 6 50.0 12.53 10919.04RichSweetness BakerCreekSeed 4 50.0 3.05 2657.16*ChristmasWatermelon SeedrEvolutionNow! 5 40.0 20.88 22738.32DesertKing ViaMikeHesselviaFedco 4 50.0 26.55 23130.36
Zucchini *DarkStar SeedrEvolutionNow! 17 17.6 3.73 9205.68CostataRomanesco BakerCreekSeed 10 30.0 5.97 8668.44Genovese AdaptiveSeed 3 100.0 9.97 4341.48RugosaFriulana BakerCreekSeed 14 21.4 2.73 5546.64GoldiniZucchini FertileValleySeed 10 20.0 3.68 8015.04
Squash Hidatsa DancingBearFarm 1 100.0 8.60 3746.16LowerSalmonRiver AdaptiveSeed 7 42.9 1.49 1510.08ZeppelinDelicata WildGardenSeed 6 16.7 2.23 5837.04*StellaBlue SeedrEvolutionNow! 4 50.0 12.00 10454.40WinterSweet AdaptiveSeed 2 100.0 13.90 6054.84LittleGem AdaptiveSeed 4 50.0 1.80 1568.16
Corn CascadeRuby-Gold FertileValleySeed 51 5.9 .24 1742.40OpenOakPartyMixDent AdaptiveSeed 79 5.1 .27 2286.90PaintedMountain BakerCreekSeed 44 6.8 .18 1161.60MagicManna FertileValleySeed 68 5.9 .17 1274.13HopiBlue ViaGoosefootFarm(BakerCreek) 69 4.3 .10 958.32PapasRed BakerCreekSeed 62 4.8 .17 1539.12
• Indicatesthatseedwasbredand/orselectedfromdryfarmedsystem.
FieldNotes:
• Stripedcucumberbeetlestookoutamajorityofthecurcurbitsrightaftertheygerminated.Missingplantswerereseededon6/6.Surround/PyganicwithNufilmsurfactantsprayedtoprotectseedlingson6/5,6/13,and6/19.
• 3repswereplantedofeachcropvarietybutinsomecases,especiallythecurcurbits,wewereluckytohaveonerep.• Weeds,primarilybindweedandJapaneseKnotweed,hoedandcultivatedasneeded.• Symphylanspresentinthemiddleofthecornandsquashplotscausingtheirregulargrowth.Belowisanoverheadphoto
oftheplottakenonJuly31,2017.Areacircledindicateswhereamajorityofcropfailureoccurredandsymphylanswereobserved.
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Painted Mountain FlourCorn Papas Red
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Cascade Ruby−Gold Concho de las Trampas Hopi Blue
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OSU is Lewis Brown Farm Trial DataCorn
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FarmName ● Last Year's Rain Lewis Brown Farm Myrtle Creek Farm Oak Creek
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Perfect Rogue −Irrigated − Grafted Stupice
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Irrigated
Dirty Girl − Irrigated Dirty Girl − Irrigated −Grafted Early Girl Early Girl − Grafted Early Girl − Irrigated
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Goldini Zucchini Rugosa Friulana
Costata Romanesco Dark Star Genovese
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May02,2017IncorporatedcovercroponMay1stwithonepasswithtiller,andmadeanotherpassonMay7th.
May20,2017
June12,2017Beans
Tomatoes
Corn
July19,2017Beans
Tomatoes
DryFarmingResources
• OSUExtensionSmallFarmsDryFarmingProject:http://smallfarms.oregonstate.edu/dry-farm/dry-farming-project• OSUExtensionSmallFarms–WaterManagementWorkshopSeries:http://smallfarms.oregonstate.edu/wmws• CascadiaDroughtGroup:https://cascadiadroughtgroup.wordpress.com/dry-farming/• Runsten,D.andKatyMamen.“Dryfarming”.CaliforniaAgriculturalWaterStewardshipInitiative(CAWSI).10November2014.
http://agwaterstewards.org/index.php/practices/dry_farming• Deppe,C.TheResilientGardener:FoodProductionandSelf-RelianceinUncertainTimes.ChelseaGreenPublishing.October2010.• Garrett,A.Commonmisconceptionsandkeypointsaboutdryfarming:Casestudyofdryfarmerwithmorethan40yearsofexperience.
OregonSmallFarmNews.Summer2014,Vol.IXNo.3.• Garrett,A.Dryfarmingvegetables:Onefarmer’sapproachtobuildingsoil,conservingwater,andproducinggreattastingtomatoes.
OregonSmallFarmNews.Summer2013,Vol.VIIINo.3.• Granatstein,David.1992.DrylandFarmingintheNorthwesternUnitedStates:ANon-technicalOverview.WashingtonStateUniversity
Extension.MISC0162.• Solomon,Steve.GardeningWithoutIrrigation:orwithoutmuchanyway.ValdeBooks.2009.• Solomon,Steve.GrowingVegetablesWestoftheCascades.6thEdition.Sasquatchbooks.2007.• Solomon,Steve.GardeningwhenitCounts:GrowingFoodinHardTimes.Canada,NewSocietyPublishers.2005.• Nabhan,Gary.Growingfoodinahotter,drierland:lessonsfromdesertfarmersonadaptingtoclimateuncertainty.WhiteRiver
Junction,Vt.:ChelseaGreenPub.,2013.• Widtsoe,John.DryFarming:ASystemofAgricultureforCountriesUnderLowRainfall.NewYork.Macmillan,1920.
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