Centrifugal Water Chillers - Life Cycle Engineering · PDF filemaintenance considerations...

Centrifugal Water ChillersScott MeyerkordTrane Account ManagerTrane Account Manager

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC010-ENAir Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC010-EN© American Standard Inc. 1999

ChilledWaterSystemy


absorption centrifugalabsorption g


helical-rotary

Centrifugal Water Chillers



Components


components of a

compressorcompressor

Centrifugal Water Chillermotormotor

condensercondenser

pp motormotor

controlcontrolpanelpanel

starterstarter

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC010-ENAir Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC010-EN© American Standard Inc. 1999 6

panelpanel

evaporatorevaporator

Compressor


Impeller

bladesblades


Multistage Compressor


Multistage Compressori lli llimpellers impellers


inlet vanes inlet vanes

Centrifugal Compressor

volutevolute

diffuserdiffuserpassagepassage

impeller impeller passagespassages


centrifugal compressorEnergy Conversion

refrigerant refrigerant ggenters enters diffuserdiffuser

ocity

ocity

velo

velo

f i t f i t

essu

rees

sure

refrigerantrefrigerantenters impellerenters impeller

refrigerant refrigerant enters voluteenters volute

static

pre

static

pre


path through compressorpath through compressor

ss

Condenserrefrigerant vaporrefrigerant vapor

bafflebaffle

refrigerant vaporrefrigerant vapor

cooling cooling tower tower tower tower waterwater


tubetubebundlebundle

liquid liquid refrigerantrefrigerant

expansion deviceOrifice Plates

totoorifice platesorifice plates totoevaporatorevaporator

HH11


expansion deviceOrifice Plates

totoorifice platesorifice plates totoevaporatorevaporator

HH22


2-stage chillerEconomizer

refrigerant vapor refrigerant vapor refrigerant vapor refrigerant vapor to second stageto second stageof compressionof compression

liquid refrigerant liquid refrigerant liquid refrigerant liquid refrigerant to evaporatorto evaporatororificeorifice

liquid refrigerant liquid refrigerant from condenserfrom condenser


from condenserfrom condenser

3-stage chillerEconomizer

refrigerant vapor refrigerant vapor refrigerant vapor refrigerant vapor refrigerant vapor refrigerant vapor to second stageto second stageof compressionof compression

refrigerant vapor refrigerant vapor to third stageto third stageof compressionof compression

liquid refrigerant liquid refrigerant q gq gto evaporatorto evaporatororificeorifice

liquid refrigerant liquid refrigerant from condenserfrom condenser


orificeorificefrom condenserfrom condenser

Evaporator

tube bundletube bundle

liquid liquid refrigerantrefrigerant

chilled chilled

liquidliquiddi t ib tdi t ib t

water water returnreturn


eliminatoreliminatordistributordistributor orifice systemorifice system

Motor

motormotorgear-drive

impellerimpellermotormotor

impellersimpellersimpellersimpellers

direct-drive


gearsgears

Hermetic Motor Coolingt tt tstatorstator

rotorrotorrotorrotor


draindrainliquidliquidrefrigerantrefrigerant

Controls and Starter

controlcontrolpanelpanel

starterstarter


panelpanel


Refrigeration Cycle


2-stage centrifugal chillerRefrigeration Cycle

22 stagestage22--stagestagecompressorcompressor

economizereconomizer

condensercondenserevaporatorevaporator


expansion devicesexpansion devices

Refrigerant Operating Pressures

HCFCHCFC--2222

ssur

ess

ure

HFCHFC--134a134a

pres

pres

HCFCHCFC 123123HCFCHCFC--123123

atmosphericatmosphericpressurepressure

Air Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC010-ENAir Conditioning Clinic TRG-TRC010-EN© American Standard Inc. 1999temperaturetemperature

pressurepressure

Low-Pressure Chillers

compressorcompressorsuction elbowsuction elbow

evaporatorevaporator


Purge System



Maintenance Considerations


Maintenance Considerations

Operating logMechanical componentsHeat-transfer surfaces Fluid analysis


operating logASHRAE Guideline 3

Chilled water inlet and outlet Oil pressures temperatureChilled water inlet and outlet temperatures and pressuresChilled water flowEvaporator refrigerant

Oil pressures, temperature, and levels

Record refrigerant activity,p g

temperature and pressuresEvaporator approach temperatureC d t i l t d

Motor voltage and amperage

Purge activity

Condenser water inlet and outlet temperatures and pressuresCondenser water flowCondenser refrigerant temperature and pressuresCondenser approach t t


temperature

maintenance considerationsMechanical Components

R d d M i tRecommended MaintenanceHermetic Compressor and motor: no routine maintenance required. Compressor teardown / overhaul inspection every 8 to 10 years or 25 000 tooverhaul inspection every 8 to 10 years or 25,000 to 30,000 operating hoursTemperature Controls: no routine maintenance calibration requiredcalibration required Visually inspect overall unit Inspect safety controls and electrical componentsS i t t t Ti ht l t i l tiService motor starters: Tighten electrical connections, service contractors, megger test motor, visual inspection of transition resistors.Pressurize and leak test annually or as indicated by the


Pressurize and leak test annually or as indicated by the purge rate

maintenance considerationsMechanical Components

Other design-specific requirementsRemove oil sample for Lab Analysis: Change oil when oil analysis dictateswhen oil analysis dictatesReplace oil filter annually or as requiredReplace purge filter drier annuallyep ace pu ge te d e a ua yVisual Inspection of Condenser Tubes AnnuallyCheck operation of oil sump heater


maintenance considerationsHeat Transfer Surfaces

Recommended maintenanceUse a qualified water treatment specialistspecialistClean condenser tubes as needed, mechanical brush l i llcleaning annually

Clean water-side pump strainersTest tubes every 3 years


maintenance considerationsTube Analysis

Eddy Current TestingTest evaporator tubes every 4-5 yearsevery 4-5 yearsTest condenser tubes every 2-3 years


Fluid Analysis

Oil analysisConduct annual analysis to verify system integritysystem integrity


Oil Analysis

Why perform regular oil analysis?Helps reduce maintenance costsD bl i hDetects problems without

compressor disassemblyExtends service life of oil chargete ds se ce e o o c a geReduces environmental problems related to oil disposalHelps maintain compressorefficiency and reliability


Oil AnalysisA l ti l D tAnalytical Data


Oil Analysis

Written Recommendations


Oil Analysis

Graphical Representation of Data


Date post:	18-Mar-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	trinhdung
View:	221 times
Download:	3 times

Centrifugal Water Chillers - Life Cycle Engineering · PDF filemaintenance considerations...

Documents