Environmental Management of Waste Containing PCBs Eng. Maria Cecilia Pires January 2016 São Paulo - SP - Brazil CETESB - ENVIRONMENT AGENCY OF SAO PAULO STATE REGIONAL CENTER OF STOCKHOLM CONVENTION ON PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS (POPs) FOR THE LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN REGION IV INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM FOR INTENSIVE TRAINING IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF CHEMICALS AND THEIR WASTE, ESPECIALLY PERSISTANT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS (POPs) AND MERCURY (Hg)
Transcript
Environmental Management of Waste Containing PCBsEng. Maria Cecilia Pires
January 2016
São Paulo - SP - Brazil
CETESB - ENVIRONMENT AGENCY OF SAO PAULO STATE
REGIONAL CENTER OF STOCKHOLM CONVENTION ON PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS (POPs)
FOR THE LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN REGION
IV INTERNATIONAL PROGRAM FOR INTENSIVE TRAINING IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF CHEMICALS AND THEIR WASTE, ESPECIALLY PERSISTANT
ORGANIC POLLUTANTS (POPs) AND MERCURY (Hg)
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
PCBs (POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS) - 209 ISOMERS
ASCAREL - COMMERCIAL NAME OF A MIXTURE OF PCBs AND TRICHLOROBENZENE - TCB
x Cl y Cl
MAIN PROPERTIES OF PCBsEXCELLENT DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES (RESISTANCE, RIGIDITY...)HIGH HEAT CAPACITY;LOW VISCOCITY;DENSITY AT 25 0C BETWEEN 1.3 AND 1.5 mg/L (DNAPL);FIRE POINT HIGHER THAN 50 0CTHERMAL STABILITY UP TO 400 0C, FROM THAT TEMPERATURE IT DECOMPOSES IN THE PRESENCE OF O2, FORMING DIOXINS AND FURANS;GOOD CHEMICAL STABILITY;HARDLY HYDROSCOPIC, MAXIMUM ABSORPTION: 100 PPM IN WATER;NON-BIODEGRADABLE;BIOACCUMULATIVE IN PLANT AND ANIMAL TISSUES.
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS(PCBs)
ASCAREL –COMMERCIAL NAME OF THE MIXTURE OF PCB’S AND TRICHLOROBENZENE - TCB
1988 AND 1989 – IT WAS CONDUCTED THE FIRST SOLID WASTEINVENTORY IN THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO, WHICH HADRESULTED IN A PIECE OF LAW “CONAMA (NATIONALENVIRONMENT COUNCIL) RESOLUTION 06/1988” THAT HADESTABISHED THE RULES FOR THE WASTE INVENTORY AND THEOBLIGATION OF PRESENTATION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN.
1992 TO 1996 – IT WAS CONDUCTED THE SECOND INDUSTRIALWASTE INVENTORY THAT WAS FULLFILLED BY APPROXIMATELY1,900 INDUSTRIES.
2010 – IT WAS CONDUCTED THE THIRD WASTE INVENTORY -CONAMA RESOLUTION 313, 10.29.2002, THAT HAD ESTABLISHEDTHE RULES FOR THE WASTE INVENTORY, MAINLY WITH RESPECTTO THE ACTIVITIES THAT GENERATS HAZARDOUS WASTE.
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT
MAIN ASPECTS:
TO DO THE INVENTORY OF WASTE, MAINLYOF THE HAZARDOUS WASTE, AND KEEPINGITS INFORMATION UP TO DATE.
TO ENFORCE THE GENERATORS OFHAZARDOUS WASTE TO PREPARE THEIRMANAGEMENT PLANS IN AN PROPER WAY.
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT
MAIN ASPECTS:
TO ESTABLISH THE GOVERNMENT ACTION PLANS, THAT SHOUD BEFEASIBLE AND RE-EVALUATED AND REVIEWED THEN PERIODICALLY.
TO ESTABLISH RESPONSIBILITIES (GENERATORS, TRANSPORTERS, RECIPIENTS) WITH RESPECT TO THE MANAGEMENT OF HARZARDOUS WASTE.
TO TREAT AND DISPOSE OF POPs AND PCBs WASTE IN A PRORPERLYLICENSED AND MONITORED PLANTS.
LEGISLATION AND TECHNICAL GUIDELINES (PCBs)
INTERMINISTERIAL ORDINANCE (MIC/MI/MME) No. 19 OF 01.29.81
SEMA/STC/CRS NORMATIVE INSTRUCTION No. 001 OF 06/10/83
NBR 8371/JUN 1997 - ASCAREL FOR TRANSFORMERS AND CAPACITORS - CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK
NBR 13741/NOV 1996 - DESTINATION OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
SETS THE CONTROLLED ELIMINATION OFPCBs AND THEIR WASTE, THEDECONTAMINATION AND ELIMINATION OFTRANSFORMERS, CAPACITORS AND OTHERELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT THAT CONTAINSPCBs, AND RELATED MEASURES.
BASIC COMPOSITION OF ELECTRICAL TRANSFORMERS
INSULATING OIL
ACTIVE PART/NUCLEUS
CASING
COPPER COILS
Fe-Si BLADES
CERAMIC INSULATORS
33%
21%
46%
15%
2%
29%
ELECTRIC TRANSFORMER
100%
60%CARBON STEEL 27%FERROSILICON 23%
COPPER 10%
40%INCINERATION
GENERAL FLOW DIAGRAM OF FINAL DESTINATION BY DECONTAMINATION
FINAL DESTINATION OF PCB WASTE ACCORDING TO ABNT GUIDELINE NBR 8371 AND LAW 12 288/06
INSULATING OILS AND OTHER MATERIALS WITH PCB CONTENT ≤ 50 PPM• NOT CONSIDERED "PCB WASTE".
TRANSFORMERS WITH INSULATING OILS 50 PPM < PCBs > 500 PPM• OILS MUST BE INCINERATED OR DECONTAMINATED, AND• TRANSFORMERS MAY ONLY BE PUT AWAY IF THEIR COMPONENTS
HAVE PCB CONTENTS < 50 PPM. (ABNT GUIDELINE NBR 8371 ALLOWS TO PUT AWAY WITHOUT PRIOR ANALYSIS).
TRANSFORMERS WITH INSULATING OILS ≥ 500 PPM PCB• OILS AND TRANSFORMERS ARE CONSIDERED CONTAMINATED AND
MUST BE INCINERATED OR DECONTAMINATED.
TREATMENT OF WASTE WITH PCBs
OILS, SOLVENTS AND OTHER FLUIDS CONTAMINATED WITHPCBs, SOLID PERMEABLE MATERIALS CONTAMINATED WITHPCBs (CONTAINMENT ABSORBENTS, PPE, CLOTHINGS,GROUNDS, FLOORS, PAPERS AND WOODS OF THE ACTIVEPART OF CAPACITORS)
INCINERATION• THE DESTRUCTION EFFICIENCY IS OF 99.999%.• THE MINIMUM GAS RESIDENCE TIME AT 1.200 OC IS THE 2 SECONDS. • THE MAXIMUM EMISSION OF DIOXINS AND FURANS (TEQ OF 2,3,7,8
TCDD) IS THE 0.5 ηG/NM3 .
TREATMENT OF WASTE WITH PCBs
METAL CONSTITUENTS OF TRANSFORMERS (60%) AND CAPACITORS (20%):
• INCINERATION
• DECONTAMINATION AND RECYCLING
Tecori Decontamination Process
TRANSFORMER
SolventPCE
Distiller
Material for Recycling
Clientdrained transformer Incineration
Contaminated transformer
PCBs
Decontamination vacuum autoclave
33%
2%
5%
60%
Disassembly
Extracted PCBs
Copper, Aluminium, BrassFerrro-silicon, Carbon SteelStainless steel and Metal Alloys
Paper and Wood
Electric powerAnalysis < 50 ppm
Incineration
Drainage of PCB Transformer
Nucleusloosened screws Casing
Decontamination Chamber
Ferro-silicon
Metal Alloys
Copper Bars
Copper Coils
Housing
Sale
< 50 ppm
LandfillClass I
Ceramic< 50 ppm
Cutted&
Shredded
Separationof Paper
Copper
Paper and WoodsPaper
Casing x Nucleus Separation
PCB
Disassemblyof Nucleus
PCE
Vacuum Distillation
Drained Transformer
16 h 1 h
PCB DECONTAMINATION PROCESS
PCE VAPOR(VAPOR CYCLE)
LIQUID PCE(LIQUID CYCLE)
CONDENSOR "CLEAN" PCERESERVOIR
PCE + PCB
PCB CONCENTRATETO SEND FORINCINERATION
DISTILLER
DECONTAMINATIONAUTOCLAVE
PCE
TECORI GENERAL PLANT
IMPERMEABILIZATION OF THE FLOOR
Composition of the Floor : 50 cm compacted clay at Kx =10 -7 cm/s+ 15 cm concrete+ HDPE Layer - 2 mm (double welding)+ 12 cm concrete with microsilica+ impermeabilization
IMPERMEABILIZATION OF THE FLOOR
IMPERMEABILIZATION OF THE FLOOR
TECORI INDUSTRIAL PLANT
FIELD SERVICETRAINED AND EQUIPPED EMPLOYEES
FIELD SERVICE
TRAINED AND EQUIPPED EMPLOYEES
FIELD SERVICE
TRAINED AND EQUIPPED EMPLOYEES
FIELD SERVICE
TRAINED AND EQUIPPED EMPLOYEES
OVERVIEW OF INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES
SEPARATION OF CASING FROM ACTIVE PART
OVERVIEW SHOWING VACUUM PIPELINES
LOOSENING SCREWS OF ACTIVE PART ON VACUUMED FLOOR
INTRODUCTION OF THE CASING INTO THE VACUUM DECONTAMINATION CHAMBER
SAMPLING FOR PROOF OF DECONTAMINATION OF METALS
DISASSEMBLY IF < 40 MG/KG
98.3% of analyses ≤ 1 mg/kg
SEPARATION OF COPPER AND PAPER
AUTOMATED PROCESS
THE LABORATORY OF ANALYSIS CONTROL - TRACEABILITY OF THE PROCESS
ANALYSIS OFPCBs BY
GASCHROMOTO-
GRAHY
ANALSIS OF PCBs BY GAS CHROMOTOGRAPHY
THE LABORATORY FOR ANALYSIS CONTROL -TRACEABILITY OF THE PROCESS
EXHAUSTION SYSTEM AND AIR TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL SHED
SYSTEM FOR COLLECTION AND TREATMENT OF RAINWATER – IN CASE OF ACCIDENT
SABESP –WASTEWATER
TREATMENT PLANT
PCBs > 0.1 ppbTCB > 5.0 ppbPCE > 2.5 ppb
RETENTION BASIN 50 m3 SAND AND ACTIVATED CARBON FILTER
SABESP –WASTEWATER
TREATMENT PLANT
PHYTOSANITARY AND GROUNDWATER CONTROL
MONITORING POINTS:2 POINTS WITHIN TECORI4 POINTS IN SURROUNDING AREA1 "BLANK" POINT
MONITORING WELL:1 WELL UPSTREAM 2 WELLS DOWNSTREAM OF WATER TABLE
ENVIRONMENT AGENCY OF SAO PAULO STATE – BRAZIL CETESB - REGIONAL CENTER FOR STOCKHOLM CONVENTION
THANK YOU!MARIA CECILIA PIRES [email protected]. PROFESSOR FREDERICO HERMANN JR., 345 – SÃO PAULO - BRAZILWWW.CETESB.SP.GOV.BR PHONE.+5511.3133.3854
