56
Agenda This presentation summarizes the capabilities and new features in PHOENICS 2008
and provides an overview of the benefits of using PHOENICS The talk expands upon critical components of the software package relevant to Bettis
Atomic Power Laboratory, including: Pre-processor (VR-Editor) Post-processor (VR-Viewer) PHOENICS Solver Meshing
Input from CAD Embedded Objects Body Fitted Coordinates
Multi-phase Flows (ASM, IPSA, Scalar, Particulates) Parallel PHOENICS COST BENEFITS Examples
NOTE: All graphics within this presentation are from actual simulations performed using PHOENICS and are not fillers
5/29/2012 2
PHOENICS – What is it? PHOENICS is a general-purpose software package which predicts quantitatively:-
how fluids (air, water, steam, oil, blood, etc) flow in and around: engines, process equipment, buildings, human beings, lakes, river and oceans, and so on;
the associated changes of chemical and physical composition; the associated stresses in the immersed solids.
Its name is an acronym for Parabolic Hyperbolic Or Elliptic Numerical Integration Code Series,
PHOENICS is a "CFD code", i.e. a member, indeed the founding member, of that family of software packages which embody the techniques of Computational Fluid Dynamics.
PHOENICS has been continuously marketed, used and developed since 1981, for which reason it possesses many features which have still not yet found their way into competitive codes, as explained in the next section.
5/29/2012 3
Benefits of PHOENICS PHOENICS offers:
True Ease of Use - PHOENICS uses an intuitive 3D interactive user environment for pre- and post- processing.
Proven Performance - PHOENICS boasts an impressive portfolio of applications.
Unique Array of modeling features - Multi-phase flows, particle tracking, free-surface modelling; chemical reaction, moving grids, fine-grid embedding - part of an extensive battery of modelling features offered by PHOENICS.
Expandability - User-defined inputs made easy via built-in features such as "GROUND" & "IN-FORM"
5/29/2012 4
Benefits of using PHOENICS Licensing flexibility - PHOENICS
provides flexible and cost-effective solutions, from PC to mainframe, short-term to perpetual, whether individual student or multi-national corporation.
Easy-to-Use Graphical User Interface - The PHOENICS Virtual Reality interface incorporates the VR-Editor and VR-Viewer, a 3D interactive graphics system for visualization of geometry, solution control and results data. CAD files are imported readily into the
VR-Editor for problem definition. VR Viewer post-processor with plots of
mesh, velocity vectors, contours, streamlines, iso-surfaces, plotter / printer output, animation and slide show facilities.
5/29/2012 5
PHOENICS provides a built-in, interactive grid generation tool or the ability to import BFC grids from third
party packages
Benefits of using PHOENICS Facet-Fixer - an integrated utility which
examines and repairs possibly-defective STL files produced by CAD packages, and creates data files suitable for use with the PHOENICS Virtual-Reality User Interface.
IN-FORM facilitates the addition of new physical and numerical features, the input of problem-defining, solution-controlling and results-presentation data using the VR interface.
PARSOL - the partial solid treatment developed in the PHOENICS solver, improves the accuracy of flow simulations for situations in which a fluid/solid boundary obliquely intersects some of the cells of a Cartesian or polar coordinate grid.
MOFOR, the moving-body simulation, permits the simulation of flows induced by bodies in motion, important both in the mechanical industry and in human motion.
5/29/2012 6
PHOENICS provides access to a tutorial library with over 1000
simulation examples and test cases
Benefits of using PHOENICS Modeling Capabilities
Grid systems: Cartesian, cylindrical-polar and curvilinear co-ordinates; rotating co-ordinate systems; multi-block grids and fine grid embedding.
Compressible / incompressible flows, Newtonian / non-Newtonian flows, Subsonic, transonic and supersonic flows.
Flow in porous media, with direction-dependent resistances.
Convection, conduction and radiation; conjugate heat transfer, with a library of solid materials and automatic linkage at the solid fluid interface.
A wide range of built-in turbulence models for high and low-Reynolds number flows; LVEL model for turbulence in congested domains and a variety of K-E models, including RNG, two-scale and two-layer models.
Multi-phase flows of three kinds with a variety of built-in interphase transfer models: Inter-penetrating continua, including turbulence and
modulation Particle tracking, including turbulence dispersion
effects Free-surface flows
5/29/2012 7
PHOENICS is a full 3-D N-S unsteady solver, and is the
original commercial CFD code with world-wide user acclaim
Benefits of using PHOENICS Modelling Capabilities (cont)
Combustion and NOx models, with a range of diffusion and kinetically controlled models including the unique Multi-Fluid Model for turbulent chemical reaction.
Chemical kinetics including multi-component diffusion and variable properties. Built-in interface to the CHEMKIN chemical database.
Advanced radiation models, including surface-surface model with calculated view factors, a six-flux model and composite radiosity model for radiative heat transfer, known as IMMERSOL.
Mechanical and thermal stresses in immersed solids that can be computed at the same time as the fluid flow and heat transfer.
5/29/2012 8
PHOENICS utilizes a finite-volume approach on staggered or collocated
grids, with 13 choices of discretization schemes for convection
Benefits of using PHOENICS Alternative Solvers
Marching-integration solver for parabolic flows such as boundary layers, jets, long ducts. General Collocated Variant (GCV) solver for body-fitted co-ordinates. Multi-grid solver, MIGAL, greatly reduces computing time.
Special-Purpose Versions - Application-specific special-purpose variants have been created
to aid several industries. These are supplied as an add-on "SPP" modules to the standard PHOENICS GUI. HOTBOX provides an integrated "Virtual Reality" environment for electronics cooling
applications. ESTER, electrolytic smelters. FLAIR, Heating, ventilating and smoke-movement in buildings. CVD, chemical-vapor deposition. ROSA for oil spills in rivers and coastal waters. COFFUS for Furnace simulation.
Proven Performance & Versatility - PHOENICS predictions have been subjected to many
validation tests, which have proved its accuracy against measured data for a wide range of industrial applications. PHOENICS boasts an impressive portfolio of applications, from heating and ventilation to metal casting, and from mould filling to condenser analysis.
5/29/2012 9
Pre-processor (VR-Editor) The Editor is used for defining the:
Computational domain size; Position, size and properties of
objects which are to be introduced or imported from a CAD file into it;
Material types and domain properties;
Boundary Conditions; Initial conditions, necessary if the
problem is a time-dependent one, and desirable otherwise for economy;
Selecting a turbulence, multi-phase, combustion, radiation, or other models, if the situation calls for it;
Specifying the fineness of the computational grid;
Specifying other parameters influencing the speed of convergence of the solution procedure.
5/29/2012 10
PHOENICS VR-Editor is user friendly and enhances time-to-simulation
Pre-processor (VR-Viewer) The results of the flow-
simulation can be viewed with the PHOENICS VR post-processor called VR Viewer.
What the VR Viewer can do. vector plots
contour plots
iso-surfaces
streamlines
Accessed directly from VR-Editor
5/29/2012 11
Using PHOENICS, users have the flexibility to export data directly
interactively to TECPLOT or Fieldview, as well as to other data formats, or
utilize the built-in, free viewer
5/29/2012 12
PHOENICS Solver Since the 1940s, analytical solutions to
most fluid dynamics problems, especially those arising in aerodynamics, were readily available for simplified or idealized situations – NOT PRACTICAL FOR INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Numerical methods, on the other hand, were known since the time of Newton in the 1700s. Methods for the solution of ODEs or PDEs were conceptually conceived, but only on paper. With the absence of the personal computer, there was no way for the application of these techniques.
With the advent of computers, application of PDE’s to more complex problems has become a reality – although we still have a ways to go
PHOENICS has always been developed to enable practical, efficient, and cost effective solutions, which is why the
remain an industry standard for CFD
5/29/2012 13
Theory: N-S Equations PHOENICS utilizes a control volume balance methodology (Time rate of change =
net flux through all surfaces)
The balance equation becomes
This equation can be expanded for a variety of components, including:
mass of a phase, mass of a chemical species
energy, momentum, turbulence, electric charge
with additions for turbulence, species, and mass fractions, fluid-solid interactions
In PHOENICS, boundary conditions and sources appear on the r.h.s. of the
differential equation, and include over 10 different specification options
source sinke w n s top bot
x y zJ J J J J J
t
Applying to all surfaces yields
k k
U St x x
5/29/2012 14
Theory: Solution Techniques After integration, discretization, and putting
them in correction form, the equations of importance are solved using a supplied linear-equation solver
PHOENICS has three separate solution techniques, each with their own benefits Point-by-Point: cell value is derived explicitly by
using existing neighboring cell values (‘old’ and ‘new’ superscripts refer to the values at the start and end of the current solution sweep)
Slabwise Whole field
After integration, discretization, and putting them in correction form, the equations of importance are solved using a supplied linear-equation solver
All models (turbulence, multi-phase, etc) are integrated into the solution techniques and require no matrix modification, this includes both standard geometry and body-fitted methodologies
source terms
N S
E W
P
Top Bot
old old
N S
old old
E Wnew
Pold old
Top Bot
a a
a aa
a a
5/29/2012 15
Theory: Solution Techniques The cells are arranged in an orderly (i.e. "structured") manner in a
grid which may be: cartesian, cylindrical-polar, or "body-fitted", i.e. arbitrarily curvi-linear, and which may be segmented into distinct "blocks".
These equations express the influences of: diffusion (including viscous action and heat conduction), convection, variation with time, sources and sinks.
In order to reduce the numerical errors which may result from the unsymmetrical nature of the convection terms, PHOENICS can make use of a large variety of 'higher-order schemes', including QUICK, SMART, Van Leer, and many others.
The dependent variables of these equations are thus: mass or volume fraction, velocity and pressure, temperature or enthalpy, concentration, electrical charge or other conserved property.
The mass and momentum equations are solved in a semi-coupled manner by a variant of the well-known SIMPLE algorithm.
5/29/2012 16
Theory: Solution Techniques Because the whole equation system is non-linear, the solution procedure is
iterative, consisting of the steps of: computing the imbalances of each of the above entities for each cell;
computing the coefficients of linear(ised) equations which represent how the imbalances will change as a consequence of (small) changes to the solved-for variables;
solving the linear equations; correcting the values of solved-for variables, and of auxiliary ones, such
as fluid properties, which depend upon them; repeating the cycle of operations until the changes made to the variables
are sufficiently small. Various techniques are used for solving the linear equations, including: tri-
diagonal matrix algorithm (a variant of) Stone's 'Strongly Implicit Algorithm', conjugate-gradient and conjugate-residual solvers.
PHOENICS also possesses a multi-grid coupled-variable solver, called MIGAL.
Meshing The cells are arranged in an orderly (i.e.
"structured") manner in a grid which may be: Cartesian, cylindrical-polar, or "body-fitted", i.e. arbitrarily curvi-linear, and which may be segmented into distinct "blocks“
Done directly through VR-Editor Also, PHOENICS provides for an
enhanced ability to quickly refine flow areas of interest using fine grid embedding (not available for certain types of models and flows)
Uses method-of-embedded objects in which all cells within domain and discretized, with momentum equations solved for and geometry behavior and properties handled through source-term modifications
5/29/2012 17
PHOENICS provides efficient import or generation of complex objects,
with rapid assignment of properties with fine-grid embedding for faster
mesh generation
Meshing – INPUT from CAD Very often, CFD analysis is required for a
situation which has been already defined geometrically by way of a Computer-Aided-Drawing (CAD) package.
The definition is then usually expressed by way of one or more STL or DXF files, which it is necessary to import into PHOENICS.
This task is made extremely easy for the user, because PHOENICS itself is able to read STL and DXF files (TECPLOT and FIELDVIEW unstructured grids as well), and to convert them into PHOENICS ready format.
5/29/2012 18
After importing geometries into PHOENICS, users can quickly
specify material properties, moving components, or boundary
conditions without additional grid generation overhead
Meshing with PARSOL PARSOL is the technique for improving
the accuracy of flow simulations for situations in which a fluid/solid boundary intersects obliquely some of the cells of a cartesian or polar-co-ordinate grid.
PARSOL is capable of calculating the fluid-flow phenomena accurately, whether the flow is laminar or turbulent, single or multi-phase, provided that the cell is cut by the interface into no more than two sub-cells, one containing fluid and the other solid.
Conjugate heat transfer is also correctly computed in such circumstances.
PARSOL allows flows around curved bodies to be computed on cartesian grids is also utilized when employing body-fitted techniques as well
5/29/2012 19
PHOENICS ‘ PARSOL eliminates stair-step behaviors and provides additional
capabilities for complex geometries that other CFD codes lack
Meshing with PARSOL – Body Fitted Coordinates
PHOENICS can use any one of three types of coordinate system for describing the space in which it performs its computations, namely: cartesian, cylindrical-polar, curvilinear (but still with six-faced cells) for fitting bodies of arbitrary shape.
PHOENICS possesses its own built-in means of generating such grids; but it can also accept grids created by specialist packages.
Not all CFD codes have a BFC capability; and of those which do not, some employ other means of permitting flows around arbitrarily-curved surfaces to be accurately computed
5/29/2012 20
PHOENICS was the first general-purpose CFD code to enable
computing using BFC grids, as well as the ability to utilize PARSOL for
additional refinement
Why Embedded vs. BFC Reason #1: The use of porosity factors to block out portions of a cartesian (or cylindrical polar) grid is
recommended in many situations, especially for domains containing internal obstacles with discontinuous boundary shapes.
Reason #2: Porosity factors greater than unity can be used as grid-expansion factors, provided that the rate of
expansion set by them is not too rapid. Reason #3 : The parabolic option of PHOENICS is especially useful for the analysis of the growth of shear layers,
boundary layers, jets and wakes. The lateral dimensions of the domain can be expanded with downstream direction to accommodate this growth by means of the parameters AZXU and AZYV (note that BFC=T is not permitted for parabolic simulations).
Advice IF one of the foregoing methods can be used it SHOULD be, because BFC calculations involve additional
computational and storage expense. This expense can exhibit itself at the start of an EARTH calculation when, for a fine grid, a significant pause
occurs while EARTH calculates once-and-for-all the many three- dimensional geometrical-field entities. If the F-array dimension is insufficient, these quantities are stored by EARTH on disc. Thus, machines with low input/output performance will execute BFC calculations more slowly than non-BFC ones. It is then recommended that, storage permitting, the F array should be enlarged to permit all BFC fields to be stored in core. The print-out produced by EARTH at the start of the calculation provides the necessary information to do this.
5/29/2012 21
Multi-phase Flows PHOENICS was the first general-purpose computer code to be able to simulate multi-
phase flows; and it is still capable of doing so more effectively, and in a greater variety of ways, than most of its competitors.
Multi-phase-flow phenomena can be simulated by PHOENICS in four distinct ways. These are: Inter-Phase-Slip Algorithm, where two inter-penetrating continua are solved for
separately, each having at every point in the space-time domain under consideration, its own: velocity components, temperature, composition, density, viscosity, volume fraction, etc;
The Algebraic-Slip Method, (also called the drift-flux model) where only one-set of differential equations are solved for, and the properties of the mixture are represented
The Separated Flows method, where PHOENICS treats the two (or more) fluids as a single fluid subject to discontinuities of density, viscosity and composition in the presence of a free surface
And the particulate method, where the particles (or groups of particles) are tracked by solving the Lagrangian equations of motion, with full interactivity between the particulate and the continuous phases
The options within PHOENICS provide a more enhanced flexibility to model different types of multiphase flows using the same CFD tool, with accuracy and cost savings being realized quickly
5/29/2012 22
Multi-phase Flows - ASM ASM postulates there exists one continuous
medium in which there are dispersed various phase components (droplets, bubbles or solid particles)
The mixture of the continuous and dispersed phases behaves as a single fluid, with fluid properties that may or may not depend on the dispersed phases.
Each dispersed phase is represented by a species concentration equation. The transport equation for each dispersed phase allows for relative movement between the dispersed phase and the continuous phase. This extra migration or drift of the dispersed phase is known as phase slip.
It is assumed that the slip velocity can be calculated from algebraic equations involving only local variables, rather than from the full partial differential equations
5/29/2012 23
PHOENICS’ ASM subroutine is available in open-source format for
ease of modification and integration
Multi-phase Flows - ASM The algebraic-slip model assumes that small
particles and viscous fluids are dominant ASM is deduced from ALGEBRAIC rather than
partial differential equations (PDEs). The equations to be solved for the phase-
concentration distributions are therefore:- the PDEs of continuity and momentum of the
MIXTURE, the PDEs of conservation of the particle groups,
with additional slip-velocity-transport terms, the algebraic equations which allow the latter
terms to be evaluated. of 1mm diameter in water (viscosity
approximately 10-6m2/s) the relaxation time is about 0.05s; this would be reasonable for a flow timescale of about 1s.
5/29/2012 24
The original ASM was developed by CHAM and is
fully integrated into all aspects of PHOENICS,
including all solvers and turbulence models
Multi-phase Flows - IPSA Specific features of the solution procedure
are: Eulerian-Eulerian techniques using a fixed
grid, and employing the concept of 'interpenetrating continua' to solve a complete set of equations for each phase present;
The volume fraction, Ri, of phase is computed as the proportion of volumetric space occupied by a phase;
It can also be interpreted as the probability of finding phase i at the point and instant in question;
The equations describing the state of a phase are basically the Navier-Stokes Equations, generalized to allow for the facts that: Each of the phases occupies only a part of the
space, given by the volume fraction; and The phases are exchanging mass and all other
properties.
5/29/2012 25
PHOENICS provides flexibility for multi-phase modeling using IPSA in treating interfacial properties and
transfer properties
Multi-phase Flows – Separated (Free Surface) Flows
The Separated Flows method treats two (or more) fluids as a single fluid subject to discontinuities of density, viscosity and composition.
These discontinuities, ie the inter-fluid surfaces, are tracked as they move through the domain of interest, by solution of the individual continuity equations of each fluid.
Three tracking procedures are available, namely: (a) the height-of-liquid method, (b) the scalar-equation method, (c) the particle-on-surface method.
The first of these is the most economical of computer time; but it cannot handle "breaking-wave" situations, in which the free-surface height at any horizontal position becomes multi-valued.
Both (b) and (c) can handle such phenomena; but only method (b) is easily usable for three-dimensional phenomena.
5/29/2012 26
PHOENICS provides the comprehensive CFD
requirements to model complex, free-surface flows cost effectively
Multi-phase Flows – Particulates Particle tracking is embodied in the
GENTRA (ie GENeral TRAcking) option of PHOENICS.
The particles (or groups of particles) are tracked by solving the Lagrangian equations of motion, with full interactivity between the particulate and the continuous phases.
Allowance is made for the particles to stick to walls which they hit, to slide along them subject to friction, or to bounce off with various coefficients of restitution.
It is worth noting that the particle-tracking method can also be used for computing the motion of free surfaces
5/29/2012 27
PHOENICS’ particle tracking allows real-treatment of particulate
behavior, including phase-change, radiation, and chemical reaction
Parallel PHOENICS There are two principal reasons
for using parallel rather than sequential PHOENICS. They are: to obtain computational results
in a shorter time, and to use finer grids than a single
processor permits.
The parallel solver shares the computational domain and task between a number processors; each processor then performs the computations for its part of the domain simultaneously. Thus the whole task may be achieved in a shorter time.
5/29/2012 28
Parallel PHOENICS is available for Windows, Linux, and Unix based HPC systems and provides license costing
that enables 50% performance improvement at 50% the cost of our
competitors
5/29/2012 29
COST BENEFITS
1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512
PHOENICS Annual Cost (1-seat) 11800 14160 15930 17700 23600 41300 59000 76700 94400 112100
Estimated FLUENT/CFX Average Annual Cost (1-Seat)
23750 28750 38750 58750 98750 178750 338750 658750 1298750 2578750
PHOENICS Perpetual Cost (1-Seat ) 22,800 27360 30780 34200 45600 79800 114000 148200 182400 216600
Estimated FLUENT/CFX Average Perpetual Cost(1-Seat)
50000 60000 80000 120000 200000 360000 680000 1320000 2600000 5160000
PHOENICS Annual Cost (5-Seat) 17,700 21240 23895 26550 35400 61950 88500 115050 141600 168150
PHOENICS Annual Cost (10-Seat) 23600 28320 31860 35400 47200 82600 118000 153400 188800 224200
PHOENICS Annual Cost (Unlimited-Seat) 29500 35400 39825 44250 59000 103250 147500 191750 236000 280250
$0.00
$100,000.00
$200,000.00
$300,000.00
$400,000.00
$500,000.00
$600,000.00
$700,000.00
$800,000.00
$900,000.00
$1,000,000.00C
ost
in
Do
lla
rs
Cost Comparison between PHOENICS and Ansys Fluent
PHOENICS provides enhanced numerical capabilities required to meet Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory modeling requirements with AT LEAST a 50% cost savings to the government, which is compounded based on the actual type and number of licenses required
The cost of Ansys Fluent doesn’t include support Dr. Allen Badeau has a DoD Secret clearance, and can provide on-site
support and training, as well as assist researchers through Bettis relevant integration, support, model development, and assistance
Have full support from CHAM for capabilities integration into the PHOENICS code itself as required to assist Bettis in more efficiently meeting their requirements
Our current capabilities make PHOENICS and ACS Consulting the best value to the government in providing CFD simulation capabilities and support to meet ever changing DOE requirements
5/29/2012 30
COST BENEFITS
outlet outlet
outlet outlet
External
temperature
23.2℃
Natural convection flow in a cask storage
warehouse Toyo Engineering
DETAILS :
• BFC grid
• Three-Dimensional steady flow with heat transfer
• Buoyancy-influenced flow
• Surface to surface radiation included
• NX*NY*NZ=288*74*42=895,104
Heat
source
: 22.6[kw]
Air in
Air out
cask
5/29/2012 31
FlowRate[m3/s] per one cask
Experimental data
Result of PHOENICS
0.28
0.3
Natural convection flow in a cask storage
warehouse Toyo Engineering
5/29/2012 32
Natural convection flow in a nuclear reactor
For Denchuken DETAILS :
• Cylindrical-polar grid
• Three-Dimensional steady or
transient flow with heat transfer
• Buoyancy-influenced flow
• Surface to surface radiation
included
•
NX*NY*NZ=40*45*80=144,000
NOTES :
• When an accident happens in the
nuclear system, eg the cooling system
may fail. Hence, heat will be released
solely
by natural convection of air flow. The
purpose of this model is to establish the
distribution of temperature and the air
flow rate under these circumstances
PRACS
IHX(Heat sink Q=-
28.55[MW])
Pump(11m3/min)
Steady::on
Transient::off
Radial shield
Reflector
Argon gas zone
Air convection
zone
Air inlet
(connected to
stack)
Air outlet (connected to
stack)
Air Flow
Liquid Na Flow
Core
(Heat source
Q=30[MW])
Structure of porous
media zone
5/29/2012 33
Air plane
Wind Flow Simulations
5/29/2012 34
Air plane – Paint Hanger Simulations Visualizations using Tecplot
5/29/2012 35
Data Center Simulations – Multiple systems airflow patters for flow optimization
5/29/2012 36
Data Center Simulations – Multiple systems airflow patters for design optimization
5/29/2012 37
Model 5 – Intake moved Model 4 – 2 intakes & 2 exhausts
Temperature distribution (steady)
Maximum temperature [℃]
Experimental data
Result of PHOENICS
550
540.6699
Pressure drop [MPa] in Na convection zone
Experimental data
Result of PHOENICS
2.5
2.51
5/29/2012 38
Natural convection flow in a nuclear reactor
For Denchuken
Transient simulation in a vapor turbine DETAILS :
• Cartesian grid
• Three-Dimensional transient flow
• NX*NY*NZ=222×218×98=4,742,808
下流側流入境界
Inlet of vapor Inlet of vapor
Outlet
Air :Fixed temperature
Nozzle Box : Fixed temperature
5/29/2012 39
Transient simulation in a vapor turbine
SURFACE TEMPRATURE IN POINT1
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 50 100 150
TIME(MIN)
TEMP(℃
)
EXP DATA
PHOENICS
sURFACE TEMPRATURE IN POINT2
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 50 100 150
TIME(MIN)
TENPRATURE(℃
)
EXP DATA
PHOENICS
5/29/2012 40
Mixing flow - Rotating paddles in a tank For MEIJI NYUGYO CO PHOENICS Version : 3.6.0
The treatment of cut-cell changes suddenly !
5/29/2012 41
Mixing flow - Rotating paddles in a tank Demonstration using “MOFOR” feature
PHOENICS Version : 3.6.0
DETAILS :
• Cartesian grid • Three-Dimensional transient flow with the rotating paddles. • Using MOFOR • Solve for concentration • NX*NY*NZ=44*44*42 • Rotating speed=50[rpm]
5/29/2012 42
Sliding grid case For IWAKI CO PHOENICS Version : 3.6.0
5/29/2012 43
Inlet of air
Velocity 300[m/s]
Inlet of water
pressure：10^5[Pa] Outlet 0[Pa]
Mixing Flow in chamber For Sasebo University
5/29/2012 44
Flat frame burner For KANSAI ELECTRIC POWER CO. INC
Burner : Fuel : Air
5/29/2012 45
METAL Melting furnace For Mitsubishi Materials Corporation
Vapor concentration
5/29/2012 46
Mixing chamber For Hitachi Ltd
Steam
Gas
Gas concentration
5/29/2012 47
Oil Droplet in a Pipe
Demonstration using IPSA For Toyota Co.
Injection Nozzle
Air
Oil Spay
Atmosphere
case1(10m/s,30deg,diameter=10μm)
case2(10m/s, 0deg, diameter =10μm)
case3(10m/s,30deg, diameter =1μm)
5/29/2012 48
Natural convection flow in a crucible furnace For Hoya Glass Co.
Heat Coil
Liquid Outlet (fixed mass flow rate)
Liquid glass
Liquid Inlet
Gas
5/29/2012 49
Boil over with pool burning For CCS Co.
Three species Liquid (Naphtha,LightGasOil,Residue)
Pool burning water
5/29/2012 50
２
２
１
１
Structure
Air
flow
Outlet Exit Entrance Curvert center
Air
structure
curvert
Open channel flow of Siphon Culvert For Orient Consultants
5/29/2012 51
Non-Newtonian Plastic Flow in a Metal Mold For Sekisui Co.
Liquid A (Hard)
Liquid B (Soft)
Volume fraction A and B 5/29/2012 52
Water inlet with chlorine
Outlet
25m
23.5m
4.05m
Over flow
Exchanging water in swimming pool For Yamaha Co.
1hr
2hr
3hr
Chlorine concentration 5/29/2012 53
Radiation benchmark of heat to plastic plate For Alps Electric Co.
Heater Stay
Plastic Plate 0.2sec
1.0sec
No radiation Solve T3
Su
rfac
e te
mp
erat
ure
of
Pla
te
[sec]
Solve T3
No radiation
Temperature
5/29/2012 54
Pressure Drop of Gas Flow past barricades For Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industry Co.
Air 0.91m/s
78m
1.7m
5/29/2012 55
Droplet break at Fuel port For Keihin Engineering Co.
NX=62 NY=28 NZ=60
2.5mm
2.2mm
)5.0/(We 2
slipgc ud Bag Breakup
)5.0/(We 2
liquidud Film Breakup
Modeled using IPSA with changing droplet diameter
5/29/2012 56
