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Ch-01Introduction: The Meaning of Governance
Presented ByMd. Mizanur Rahman
Roll-03, GPPCSCD
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Topic to be Covered
Different definitions of Governance
Governance and Institutions
Governance and Core Issues
Outline of the Book
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Etymological Meaning of Governance
Greek verb ‘kubernan’ means “ to Pilot or steer”
Latin ‘gubernare’ means “Piloting, rule making or steering”
Concise Oxford Dictionary defines governance as “the act or manner of governing; the office or function of governing”. To govern is ‘to rule or control with authority’
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Definition of governance (Rhodes)
Governance refers to self-organize, inter-organizational networks characterized by interdependence, resource-exchange, rules of the game, and significant autonomy from the state. (Rhodes, 1997a:15)
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Definition of governance (contd..) (Rosenau)
Global governance is conceived to include system of rule at all levels of human activity - from the family to the international organization – in which pursuit (search) of goals through the exercise of control has transnational repercussions. (Rosenau, 1995:13)
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Definition of governance (contd..) (Hyden)
Governance is the stewardship of formal and informal political rules of the game. Governance refers to those measures that involve setting the rules for the exercise of power and setting conflict over such rules. (Hyden, 1999:185)
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What is governance
New use of Governance include--state actors and institution-Role of networks in pursuit of common goals-Networks could be inter-governmental or inter-organizational
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What is governance (contd..)
Could cover three broad fields-1. Public administration and public Policy2. International relation3.Comparative politics
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Governance as a topic of Public administration and public Policy
Rod Rhodes’s definition can be placed Study the task, organization
management and accountability structure of the public sector.
Structured as a hierarchy, merit based requirement and promotion etc.
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Governance as a topic of International relation
Rosenau’s definition can be placed Internationalization, or globalization
of the world economy raise the extent of control of states in her territory.
WTO, World Bank raised the need for global governance.
Trade regulation, environment and conflict resolution are the main issue.
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Governance as a topic of Comparative politics
Hyden’s definition can be placed It refers to systematic comparison of
political system Political culture Parties and interest groups Electoral behabior
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Governance and institutionalism
Institutionalism boils to two assumptions of human behavior 1. Rational behavioral Model: preference
are exogenous; the individual lists his or her alternatives for action, decides which alternative would best maximize utility and then acts accordingly.
March and Oslen have called this the logic of consequentiality.
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Governance and institutionalism (Contd.)
1. Sociological behavioral Model: preference are endogenous; the individual has been socialized into having certain values and norms that determine behavior. For instance, if an individual grown up in working class family, he may choose the party represents working calss
March and Oslen have called this the logic of appropriateness.
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Governance and institutionalism (Contd.)
In governance theory, both sociological (cultural) and rational (calculus) approach can be found.
From an institutional perspective, governance is about affecting ‘the framework within which citizens and officials act and politics occurs, and which shape the identities and institution of civil society’.
Governance is the capacity of government to make and implement policy, to steer society.
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Governance and Core concepts
The rational model of behavior would fit with an aggregate notion of Democracy Political actors converts individual wants Resource to collective action through
bargaining, pay-offs and coalition formation.
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Governance and Core concepts (contd..)
The sociological (cultural) model of behavior continuously evaluated and Individual adapt to surrounded norms an
expectation Citizen perform for their common good Support and create civic institution and
participatory process.
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Governance and Core concepts (contd..)
In short, governance is about
Managing rules of the game to enhance legitimacy
This legitimacy may be derived from democracy as well as efficiency.
Democratic accountability to be ensured.
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Outline of the Book Ch 2: Public administration and public
policy how policy networks come into existence How they function and how they change
Ch 3: international relation how to establish rules and procedures that
can solve intensified globalization problem Combating poverty, drug-trafficking,
environment threat.
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Outline of the Book
Ch 4: Studies of European governance policy-making process in a supra-national
level; i,e, EU commission Efficiency in regulation of single market
Ch 5 and 6: Comparative politics Role of state regulation in economy and
social development. Rules governing access to power, how they
change and who implement the change.
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Outline of the Book Ch 7: Governance and the World Bank
WB is engaged in development programs in poor countries promoting “good governance”
Democratization through responsiveness and accountable governance
Ch 8: Summary Sums up the debates and give some
recommendation to common concern and common problem in governance theory.
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Any Questions???
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