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BLOOD DISORDERS
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
CO binds to yourhemoglobin, prevents oxygen frombinding. Can be fatal. It is a "silent killer" as people often die intheir sleep when a heater fails.
Carbon monoxidedeaths are morelikely to occur inwinter
Article from 2010, StClair County
http://www.stltoday.com/news/local/metro/7aa2abfc-28ce-5da6-9910-37c76a788420.htmlhttp://www.stltoday.com/news/local/metro/7aa2abfc-28ce-5da6-9910-37c76a788420.htmlhttp://www.stltoday.com/news/local/metro/7aa2abfc-28ce-5da6-9910-37c76a788420.htmlhttp://www.stltoday.com/news/local/metro/7aa2abfc-28ce-5da6-9910-37c76a788420.htmlhttp://www.stltoday.com/news/local/metro/7aa2abfc-28ce-5da6-9910-37c76a788420.htmlhttp://www.stltoday.com/news/local/metro/7aa2abfc-28ce-5da6-9910-37c76a788420.html7/27/2019 Ch 12 Blood Disorders
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ANEMIAIron-Deficiency Anemia (most common)
Aplastic Anemia bone marrow does not
produce enough RBC
Hemorrhagic anemia due to extreme blood
loss
Pernicious anemia B12 deficiency
Sickle Cell Anemia (genetic) -
blood cells abnormally shaped
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SICKLE CELL ANEMIA
Genetic
Disorder
Abnormallyshaped blood
cells
Parents can becarriers
(asymptomatic)
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Complications
1.Pain2.Lethargy
3.Lifelong anemia
(low red blood count)4.Organ failure
5.Stroke
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Leukemia
Type of cancerOverproduction of immature white blood
cells
They take the place of RBCs
Treatable with bone marrow transplants,
chemothemotherapy, radiation
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Blood Smear of a
patient with
Leukemia
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Blood Smear; Leukemia
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Leukemia is one of the most common childhood cancers. It occurs
when large numbers of abnormal white blood cells fill the bone
marrow and sometimes enter the bloodstream.
Because these abnormal blood cells are defective, they don't help
protect the body against infection the way normal white blood cells
do. And because they grow uncontrollably, they take over the bone
marrow and interfere with the body's production of other important
types of cells in the bloodstream, like red blood cells (which carry
oxygen) and platelets (which help blood to clot).
St. Jude Hospital
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Infectious mononucleosis
sometimes called "mono" or "thekissing disease," is an infection
usually caused by the Epstein-Barr
virus (EBV).
The designation "mononucleosis"
refers to an increase in one type of
white blood cells (lymphocytes) in the
bloodstream
EBV is very common, and many
people have been exposed to the
virus at some time in childhood.
Article at Medicinenet
http://www.medicinenet.com/infectious_mononucleosis/article.htmhttp://www.medicinenet.com/infectious_mononucleosis/article.htmhttp://www.medicinenet.com/infectious_mononucleosis/article.htm7/27/2019 Ch 12 Blood Disorders
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Blood poisoning - Septicemia
An infection enters the blood stream
Can be deadly
Treated with antibioticsAlso called "sepsis"
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Thrombocytopenia
Low production of Platelets
Causing bleeding or bruising
A bruise is caused when tiny bloodvessels are damaged or broken as theresult of a blow to the skin (be itbumping against something or hittingyourself with a hammer).
The raised area of a bump or bruiseresults from blood leaking from theseinjured blood vessels into the tissuesas well as from the body's response tothe injury.
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Hemophilia - inability or reduced abilityof the blood to clot; genetic disorder
von Willebrand Disease - also a clotting disorder,but not as severe, excessive bruising occurs
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HEMOPHILIA
This disorder causes a failureof the blood to clot
Patients can be treated with
blood transfusions that
include clotting agents.
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Queen Victoria
Carrier for Hemophilia
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Jaundice
In newborns, caused by the liver not
functioning fully
Secretes bilirubin into the blood causing
the yellow color
Exposure to flourescent lights (bili lights)
will break down the substance
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Quick Genetics Review
A gene consists of 2 alleles
(represented by letters)
One allele is usually dominant over the other
Example:
Genotype Phenotype
PP widows peak
Pp widows peak
pp straight hairline
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A person with a widow's peak (Pp) is marriedto a person with a straight hairline (pp), what
percentage of their children will have astraight hairline?
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Two people who are both heterozygous for thewidow's peak trait are married. What percentage oftheir children will have a straight hairline?
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Sickle Cell Anemia is actually codominant
AA = normalAa = sickle cell trait (few symptoms)
aa = sickle cell anemia
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If both parents are carriers, child has a chance of
having the disease
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A female has sickle cell anemia and is married to aman who appears normal. A doctor tests the manand determines that he does NOT have sickle cell
trait. What is the chance that this couple will have achild with sickle cell anemia?
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What happens when afemale who is a carrier
marries man with sicklecell anemia?
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Hemophilia is carried on the X chromosome
Females X H X H normal
X H X hcarrier
X h X hhemophiliac
Males X H Y normal
X h Y hemophiliac
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What happens when a femalewho is a carrier marries a
normal man?
Wh t h h f l h i l
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What happens when a female who is normalmarries a man who has hemophilia?