8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

1/26

Attachment and Social Relationships

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

2/26

Theories of Attachment

Psychoanalytic

Oral stage, needs

Learning theory Mother associated with

satisfying hunger

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

3/26

Theories of Attachment, cont.

Challenge to importance of oral needs

Harlow research

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

4/26

Harlow movie

http://harlow.mov/http://harlow.mov/

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

5/26

Theories, cont.

Ethological theory

Survival value of

attachment behaviors Imprinting--Lorenz

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

6/26

Imprinting movie

http://imprinting.mov/http://imprinting.mov/

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

7/26

Ethological Theory, cont.

Bowlby

Infants actions

Signaling behaviorsMaintaining proximity

Internal working models

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

8/26

Phases of attachment

Undiscriminating social responsiveness: 0-2

months

Discriminating social responsiveness: 2-7

months

Active proximity seeking/true attachment: 7

months to 3 years

Separation anxiety, stranger anxiety Goal-corrected partnerships: 3 years

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

9/26

Attachment

http://attachment.mov/http://attachment.mov/

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

10/26

Theories, cont.

Cognitive-developmental

Object Permanence (Piaget)

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

11/26

Measuring Attachment

Ainsworth--Strange Situation

8 episodes in the lab

Observation through one-way mirror Mother--secure base, reaction to

mothers leaving, returning

Quality of play

Reaction to stranger

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

12/26

Strange situation movie--lst cut

http://strangesit-lst.mpeg4.mov/http://strangesit-lst.mpeg4.mov/

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

13/26

Kinds of attachments

Secure attachment

Avoidant attachment

Resistant Attachment Disorganized/disoriented attachment

Added later--maltreatment/abuse

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

14/26

What Factors Affect Attachment?

Maternal Factors Sensitivity in

responding Depression

Child factors Difficult

temperament

Premature

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

15/26

Critical Thinking Application:

Can a man be as good of a parent as a

woman? Why or Why not?

Is there a maternal instinct?

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

16/26

Fathers & Attachment

Less time, more playful

Just as good as mothers

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

17/26

Disruptions in Attachment

Adoption

Other separations ?

QuickTime and adecompressor

are needed to see this picture.

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

18/26

Labor Force Participation Rates for Women with

Children Under Age 18

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

19/26

Maternal Employment & Attachment

Question asked?

Historical background

Related variables?

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

20/26

Belskys research

Rates of insecure attachment

Full-time--47%

High part-time--35% Low part-time--21%

Mother care--25%

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

21/26

Benns research

Age of child

Maternal integration

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

22/26

Other studies

Employment & depression

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

23/26

Emotional Development

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

24/26

Emotional Development, cont.

Primary

Basic emotions

Specific emotions Secondary emotions

Self-conscious emotions

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

25/26

Eckman emotions movie

http://emotions.eckman.mov/http://emotions.eckman.mov/

8/14/2019 CH 14 Social Attachment

26/26

Application:

Helping children with emotions

Talking about emotions

Distraction (But not reinforcement)