Ch 15 Nonrenewable EnergyMultiple Choice Review

1The fossil fuels that are often

harvested together are:I oil II CoalIII conventional natural gasIV uranium V Shale oil

a. I & II only b. I & III onlyc. II & III only d. IV & Ve. I, II, & IV

2Non-renewable energy source(s)

that are actually using ancient sun energy:

I oil II CoalIII conventional natural gasIV uranium V Shale oil

a. I & II only b. I, II, IIIc. II & III only d. III, IV, Ve. I, II, III V

3These energy resources often

depend on pipeline systems for transport from extraction sites

I oil II CoalIII conventional natural gasIV uranium V Shale oil

a. I only b. I & II onlyc. I & III only d. I, III, & Ve. I, II, III, & IV

4Methane, butane, and propane

are:

A. Components of natural gasB. Forms of coalC. Products of petroleum refiningD. Waste products of nuclear

energy productionE. Ozone depleting compounds

5The benefits of using anthracite, a

hard coal, verses other softer coal sources such as bituminous include:

a. It burns at a lower temperatureb. It has a lower sulfur contentc. It produces no ash when

combustedd. It is the most plentiful type of coale. It is the easiest type of coal to

mine and transport

6Natural gas is the preferred fossil

fuel to use for heating buildings because

a. It can be turned into liquid gasb. It is the cheapest resource

choicec. It is the safest to store and shipd. It is the cleanest burninge. It is odorless

7Which of the following negative

environmental impacts is NOT associated with coal burning?

a. Waste products must be stored safely for 10,000 years

b. Carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide gases are emitted

c. The release of toxic heavy metals such as mercury and arsenic

d. Releasing of radioactive particles to aire. Open-pit mining & sometimes mountain

top removal in order to acquire reserves

8Advantages of coal as an energy

source include all of the following EXCEPT:

a. well-developed combustion technology

b. Large reservesc. Low land use and disturbance of

watershedsd. High net energy yielde. Inexpensive with current

subsidies

9OPEC (Organization of Petroleum

Exporting Countries) include:a. US, Canada, and Mexicob. Algeria, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait,

Nigeria, Indonesia, Libya, Qatar, UAE, &Venezuela

c. Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Pakistan, Israel, Palestine, & Egypt

d. Japan, UK, US, China, & Russiae. Bolivia, Chile, Niger, Mali, Chad, Somalia,

South Africa, Morocco, & Senegal

10Oil sand, sometimes called tar sanda. Can be extracted using off shore

drilling methodsb. Is the most valuable type of petroleum

reservec. Requires greater refining & more

energy to extract desired productd. Results in the smallest amounts of

pollutantse. Is the result of oil spill which wash up &

pollute beaches

11Petroleum or crude oil can be refined

using different boiling points into petrochemical products included all fo the following EXCEPT:

a. Jet fuel, gasoline, and heating oilb. Medicines, pesticides, & fertilizersc. Charcoal, computer chips, &

ceramicsd. Synthetic fibers, paints, & plasticse. Asphalt, grease, and wax

12Nuclear Energya. Is created thru a fission chain reaction in

which neutrons split releasing high amounts of heat

b. Is formed thru nuclear fusion reactions with form energy currents

c. Is formed from the break down of uranium into high pressure steam

d. Is created from the oxidation reaction of water

e. Requires the use of other fossil fuels to super-heat the plutonium fuel & separate out the necessary neutrons for the reaction

13A political concern of nuclear

energy is◦I That resources & technology used

in reactors could also be used for weapons

◦II an accident in a nuclear power plant can spread radiation across country boundaries

◦III U and Pl can only be mined in the Ukraine

a. I only b. II only c. III onlyd I & II only e II & III only

14All of the following are disadvantages

of using nuclear energy EXCEPTa. No long term safe storage is

available for wastesb. If breached, the leak of radioactivity

is very harmful to lifec. High costs to operate a facilityd. Large amounts of water are required

& results in thermal pollutione. On-site air pollution releases

15Net energy is:a. When waste heat energy from a coal

burning power plant is used to heat green houses

b. The total energy available minus the energy needed to find, extract, process the energy

c. Created by refining crude oil multiple uses can be harvested

d. Used to move the control rods in light-water nuclear reactors

e. Energy collected in the filters of emissions towers in coal-fired power plants

16The countries which depend on

the most nuclear energy are:a. Japan, South Korea, and Franceb. US and the UKc. Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstand. China, South Africa, and North

Koreae. Germany, France, and Spain

17Nuclear fusiona. Uses light-water reactors to split U-238b. Is a new technology used in feeder reactors

which converts U-238 into usable Pl-239c. Is still being researched by scientists b/c it

would alleviate the risks of meltdowns & high-level radioactive waste

d. Is the technology used in nuclear weapons & therefore highly protected by a few countries for fear of its spread to terrorists

e. Is used for x-rays and other medical procedures but not energy generation

18Historical nuclear accidents

resulting in radioactive damages include:

a. Chernobyl & Three Mile Islandb. Bhopal India and the Aral Seac. Yucca Mountains & Love Canald. Cuyahoga River and Chemical

Alleye. Minamata, Japan & Reykjavik,

Iceland

19The aspects of an energy

generation shared by wind, hydroelectric, and fossil fuel plant is:

a. The pumps & coolantb. The coolant & control rodsc. The turbines & generatord. The turbines & heat exchangee. Containment shell & reactor

20There are 3 different coolant/water

loops so that:a. To keep outside water sources

separate from radioactivityb. To increase efficiency by having 3

generator stationsc. To negate thermal pollutiond. To have a backup water & cooland

source in case of meltdowne. Hydroelectric power can be

cogenerated

21In a nuclear power plant, control rods are

useda. To transport the spent nuclear fuel pellets

into storageb. Are moved in and out of the reactor core

to regulate the rate of fissionc. Separate the reactor core from the

turbine & condenser tower to keep radioactive materials from escaping

d. Are used to spin by the high heat, therby generating electricity

e. To moderate water flow

22There is a current interest in

smaller 2nd-generation Advanced Light-Water Reactors (ALWRs) because they:◦ I gas-cooled reactors can be used to decompose

water into hydrogen fuel◦ II passive safety features render the threat of

meltdown or explosions near impossible◦ III eliminate the expense and hazards of long term

storage of hazardous materials by using Pl-239 instead of U-238

a. I only b. II only c. II & III onlyd. I & II only e. I, II, and III

23The issue around the Alaskan National

Wildlife Refuge (ANWR) isa. The need to find more domestic oil

supplies on balance with the health of an area set aside to be a place for wildlife

b. Whether or not this new resource will allow the US to become free of dependence on foreign oil

c. If the Tar Sand reserves will require more money to refine and transport to the lower 48 states than they are worth

23

d. Whether the continued dependence on fossil fuels will increase climate change to such an extent that this fragile northern habitat will soon be inundated with sea watere. Whether this would be the safest site for long term nuclear waste storage

24All of the following are true of oil

shale EXCEPTa. It is an oily-rockb. It contains hydrocarbons called

kerogenc. It must be processed to remove

excess sulfur, nitrogen and other impurities

d. It has a high net energye. It requires a lot of water for

processing