Ch. 3 Sec. 1 What is a Vertebrate?

characteristics ofphylum Chordata

notochord

nerve cord

pharyngeal slits

• There are a few invertebrates that are chordates (they have a notochord)

• But most chordates are vertebrates, and their notochord is replaced by a backbone as they develop.

Similarities in vertebrate development

functions of endoskeleton

(internal skeleton)1. supports & protects body

2. gives body shape

3. gives muscles place to attach

A vertebrate’s backbone is part of an endoskeleton, or internal skeleton.

endoskeleton

Snake skeleton

Turtle skeleton

The backbone

• The backbone is not just one huge bone!

• It is formed by many VERTEBRAE (singular vertebra)

• There is a hole through each vertebra to allow the nerve cord to pass through it

ectotherm• animal whose body temp. does not

produce much internal heat• body temp. changes depending on temp.

of environment• “cold-blooded”• examples:

– fishes–amphibians– reptiles

endotherm• animal whose body controls &

regulates its temp. by controlling internal heat it produces

• body temp. does not change much with environment

• “warm-blooded”• examples:1. birds2. mammals

ectotherm

endotherm

ectotherms endotherms

reptiles

fish

amphibians

birds

mammals

Draw pictures of 3 ectotherms & 3 endotherms.