A quick reminder of

Britain’s Decisions…

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Britain’s Decision

• Establish the colonies of New Brunswick, St. John’s Island, and Cape Breton Island

• Reorganize Quebec into Upper Canada and Lower Canada• Upper Canada, east of

Montreal British custom and laws

• Lower Canada, west of Montreal French custom and laws

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Britain’s Decision(continued)

• Britain also:• set aside lands for

Protestant Churches• guaranteed Canadiens the

right to Catholic religion• Established officials and

legislative councils in each colony

• Every person in Canada now had a “representative government”• That would be elected

by only advised a British appointed governor

Uppe

The War of 1812:Perspectives of

the War

The War of 1812 - Recap

• War in Europe• France has had a revolution and dethroned their King and created a Republic• The Republic is lead by Napoleon (really he is a tyrant and there is no Republic)• The countries of Europe fearing revolutions in their country move to strike down Napoleon• Britain as part of the effort to defeat Napoleon stopped American ships from trading in France & began searching American ships for deserters from the British military

• The Americans retaliated by declaring war on Britain

• Were the Americans going to fight a war at sea with Britain?•No, they are too young and poor of a country to have a large Navy. Instead, they go to war against Britain’s closet colony…Canada.

Summary of the events leading up to the War of 1812

• War has broken out in Europe • Britain is now fighting against France

• In 1812 Britain disrupts the trade ships between the United States and France (as trade provides a variety of positive aspects to a country such as revenue and a variety of goods)• This really upsets the Americans

Summary of the events leading up to the War of 1812 (continued)

• Britain then starts searching American ships for people who are deserting British military duty

• this is the final straw and America declares war on Britain• Because the United States is a new

country (only about 30 years old), it does not have the military might to attack Britain all the way on the other side of the ocean• So, America attacks the nearest

British colonies Canada

American View

• What are the key features that you pulled out of General Hull’s proclamation on page 191?

• We are invading to liberate you from Britain

• We will kill the British and place our government (or a government like ours) in Britain’s place

• Help us or be our enemy

Canadien View• Catholic church opposed the republican

government established in France and America•Why?• Because the Kings enforced church law• Kings were the church’s allies• Republics have no Kings•War is bad - killing is a sin

• Canadiens were given guarantees of French civil law, customs and Religion by the British

• Would the Americans? They did not know.

Position of Upper Canada

• -Many were Loyalists during the deportation during the American Revolution• What would this mean in terms of their allegiance to

Britain?

• Britain began offering free plots of land in Canada to it’s citizens to encourage more British immigration

First Nation View• Read speech by Tecumesh (pg 194)• The First Nation position was:• -America was their greatest enemy• -Britain was willing to fight them, so they should help defeat America

• It is important to pay attention to the substantial contributions of the First Nations people in the war of 1812 • First Nations peoples helped to win this war against

the United States by taking up arms (gifts from Britain) against America and helping to protect Upper and Lower Canada from American invasion

First Nations – Britain’s Allies• First Nations people were Britain’s allies – they

were not loyal to Britain.• Question: What is the difference between being

an ally of an nation as opposed to being loyal to a nation?

• First nations were independent nations – they were responsible only to themselves and they made the choice to fight with the British

Questions: What phrases in Tecumseh’s speech reflect this distinction?