Unit 3 Energy and Matter Study GuideIdentify the vocabulary word that BEST described in the following:1. _____Water disappears from a fish bowl a condensation 2. _____Ice turns to water b. energy3. ____ Liquid metal is poured into a mold and hardens c. evaporation4. _____The phase of matter that is excited with an electric charge d. freezing5. _____Water vapor from a shower fogs up a mirror e. melting6. ____ Gases have more of this than solids ab. sublimation 7. ____Dry ice doesn’t melt. Instead, it goes straight to water vapor in the air ac. vaporization8. _______A tea kettle is whistling. ad. plasma

For questions 9-13, look at the graphs below and then answer the questions.

9. Which graph shows no phase change? ________10.Which graph shows something getting colder? _______11.Which graph shows two phase changes? ________12.On graph B, which part (x, y, or, z) probably shows boiling? __________13.On graph A, are the molecules moving faster or slower as time goes by? ___________

For each of the following questions, indicate if it is gaining energy (endothermic) or losing energy (exothermic).

14.____________________ Chocolate melts in the sun 15.____________________ Water vapor fogs the outside of a glass of ice water16.____________________ Freezing17.____________________ A pot of water warms on a stove.18.____________________ Liquid becomes a gas

Answer TRUE or FALSE for the following:19.____________ when something boils, it is a chemical changes 20.____________ when something gets cold, the molecules are moving faster21.____________ water and steam cannot both exist at the same temperature22.____________ when something freezes, new molecules are formed23.____________ even in a solid, the molecules are always moving

Fill in the blank24. The state of matter in which particles are arranged in either a crystalline or an amorphous

form is a __________________________.25.A substance that flows is called a ________________________. 26.The change from liquid to solid, or the reverse of melting, is called

_______________________________.27.The freezing point of water is the same as its_____________________________ point.28.The opposite of vaporization is called ___________________________________.29.The force created by a gas’s outward push is called ______________________________.30. The amount of space that a gas takes up is its _______________________________.31.Which state of matter undergoes changes in volume most easily? __________________32.According to Boyle’s Law, when the pressure of a gas increases at a constant temperature,

its volume __________________________________.33.The greater the speed of gas particles in a container, the _______________________ the

pressure.

34.According to Charles’s Law, when the temperature of a gas increases at a constant pressure, its ______________________________ increases.

35.A graph that shows that the pressure of gas varies inversely with its volume under constant temperature demonstrates ___________________________ Law.

36.A graph that shows the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature under constant pressure demonstrates ___________________ Law.

37.In _____________________________ solids, the particles are not arranged in a regular pattern. 38.When a substance _____________________________, the particles of a liquid are moving so

slowly that they begin to form a regular pattern. 39.A ________________________________ does not have a definite shape, but it does have a

definite volume.40.Pieces of dry ice become smaller because they are changing from a solid to a gas through

the process of __________________________________.41.Solids that have particles arranged in a regular, repeating pattern are known as

__________________________ solids. 42.The characteristic temperature at which a solid changes to a liquid is its

_____________________________ point.43.______________________________ occurs when particles in a gas lose enough energy to form a

liquid.44.____________________________ occurs when a liquid changes to a gas below its surface. 45.____________________________ is the measure of the average energy of motion of the

particles of a substance.46.When the temperature of a gas in a balloon increases, the volume of the balloon will

_____________________________. 47.When energy is absorbed the substance has undergone an ________________________

change.48.Label each state of matter.

Short Answer49. Explain how energy is transferred when evaporation of sweat cools your

body on a warm day.50. A car indicator light goes off because the tires are under inflated. The

previous day the light was not on and running well. Explain how a change in the weather can create this situation.