Challenge A
GRAMMAR NOTEBOOK
SEMESTER 2
Instructions:
Pages 3 – 48 are Semester 2 Grammar Rules and Practice pages. Each week starts with a list of all the
grammar rules assigned for that week. The practice pages will give you practice for all the grammar
rules for that week in different ways. Most are copying rules or chart again but sometimes they are fill
in the blank or just suggesting reading the rule again.
I would suggest setting up a grammar notebook in a 3-ring binder so that you can assign the pages how
you want. You could print multiple copies of the practice pages to practice on different days of the
week. Or you might want to only assign these practice pages once and then on the other pages utilize
my Grammar Chart Book which are the main charts that you will need to learn each week. The
Grammar Chart Book is located on my website (https://henlelatinhelps.wordpress.com/) under
Challenge A resources.
Pages 49 through page 81 are “Additional Practice Pages for Each Week”. They are charts that you can
add per week that cover all the vocabulary for week. You may want to only add additonal pages from
this section when you feel like more practice is necessary.
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 1
Active Voice – Indicative Mood
No 163: Imperfect Tense (present stem) – 1st Conjugation
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P laud-ābam I was praising
Singular 2nd P. laud-ābas you were praising
Singular 3rd P. laud-ābat he, she, it were praising
Plural 1st P. laud-ābāmus we were praising
Plural 2nd P. laud-ābātis you were praising
Plural 3rd P. laud-ābant they were praising
No 164: Future Tense (present stem) - 1st Conjugation
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P laud-ābō I will praise (he, she, it will be praising)
Singular 2nd P. laud-ābis you will praise (he, she, it will be praising)
Singular 3rd P. laud-ābit he, she, it will praise (he, she, it will be praising)
Plural 1st P. laud-ābimus we will praise (we will be praising)
Plural 2nd P. laud-ābitis you will praise (you will be praising)
Plural 3rd P. laud-ābunt they will praise (they will be praising) Additional Rules from Reading:
Imperfect Indicative Active:
1. The imperfect of a verb is formed on the PRESENT STEM.
2. The ending has the a of the first conjugation
3. The FINAL PERSONAL SIGNS are the same as for the present tense.
4. The ending contains a TENSE SIGN: ba (e.g. laud-ā-ba-t), which is ALWAYS
THE SIGN OF THE IMPERFECT TENSE (The Latin verb is thus a sort of CODE
which you learn to decipher.)
Future Indicative Active
1. The future tense is formed on the PRESENT STEM.
2. The ending had the a of the first conjugation
3. The final personal signs are the same as for the present and the imperfect tenses.
4. The ending contains a tense sign, bi (e.g. laud-ā-BI-t) which is the sign of the future in
the FIRST and SECOND conjugations.
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 1
Active Voice – Indicative Mood
No 163: Imperfect Tense (present stem)
Practice the imperfect tense by adding the form and meaning using laudo, 1, tr, praise
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
No 164: Future Tense (present stem)
Practice the future tense by adding the form and meaning using laudo, 1, tr, praise
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 1
Review:
Additional Rules from Reading:
Imperfect Indicative Active:
5. The imperfect of a verb is formed on the __________________ STEM.
6. The ending has the a of the ___________ conjugation
7. The FINAL PERSONAL SIGNS are the same as for the _______________ tense.
8. The ending contains a TENSE SIGN: ________ (e.g. laud-ā-ba-t), which is
ALWAYS THE SIGN OF THE IMPERFECT TENSE (The Latin verb is thus a
sort of CODE which you learn to decipher.)
Future Indicative Active
5. The future tense is formed on the ______________STEM.
6. The ending had the a of the _____________ conjugation
7. The final personal signs are the same as for the ___________ and the____________
tenses.
8. The ending contains a tense sign, ____________ (e.g. laud-ā-BI-t) which is the sign of
the future in the ________________and _______________ conjugations.
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 2
No. 123:
First Person Personal Pronouns
Number Case Form Meaning
Singular Nominative ego I
Singular Genitive meī of me, of myself
Singular Dative mihi to me, to myself
Singular Accusative me me, myself
Singular Ablative me (by, etc.) me, myself
Plural Nominative nōs we
Plural Genitive nostrī
nostrum
of us, of ourselves
Plural Dative nobis to us, to ourselves
Plural Accusative nōs us, ourselves
Plural Ablative nobis (by, etc.) us, ourselves
Footnotes:
mē - Mēcum, tēcum, nōbīscum, vōbīscum are used for cum, mē, etc.
Nostrī and vestrī are objective genitives only (see No. 684)
Nostrum and vestrum are used as partitive genitives (See no. 686)
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 2
No. 124:
2nd Person Personal Pronouns
Number Case Form Meaning
Singular Nominative tū you
Singular Genitive tuī of you, of yourself
Singular Dative tibi to you, to yourself
Singular Accusative tē you, yourself
Singular Ablative tē (by, etc.) you,
yourself
Plural Nominative vōs you
Plural Genitive vestrī
vestrum
of you, yourselves
Plural Dative vōbis to you, yourselves
Plural Accusative vōs you, yourselves
Plural Ablative vōbis (by, etc.) you,
yourselves
No. 128 B. 3rd Person Personal Pronoun - Non-reflexive
Num Case Masc Fem Neuter
Sing Nom is he ea she id it
Sing Gen ējus of him
his
ējus of her
her
ējus of it
its
Sing Dat eī to or for
him
eī to or for
her
eī to or for it
Sing Acc eum him eam her id it
Sing Abl. eō (by, etc)
him
eā (by, etc)
her
eō (by, etc) it
Pl Nom eī they eae they ea they (those things)
Pl Gen eōrum of them
their
eārum of them
their
eōrum of them
their
Pl Dat eīs to or for
them
eīs to or for
them
eīs to or for them
Pl Acc eōs them eās them ea them (those things)
Pl Abl. eīs (by, etc)
them
eīs (by, etc)
them
eīs (by, etc) them
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 2
No. 123:
First Person Personal Pronouns
Add form and meaning for ego, meī
Person Case Form Meaning
Singular Nominative
Singular Genitive
Singular Dative
Singular Accusative
Singular Ablative
Plural Nominative
Plural Genitive
Plural Dative
Plural Accusative
Plural Ablative
No. 124:
2nd Person Pronouns Add form and meaning for tū, tuī
Singular Nominative
Singular Genitive
Singular Dative
Singular Accusative
Singular Ablative
Plural Nominative
Plural Genitive
Plural Dative
Plural Accusative
Plural Ablative
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 2
No. 128 B. Third Person Personal Pronouns - Non-reflexive
Fill in below chart:
Masc Fem Neuter
Sing Nom
Sing Gen
Sing Dat
Sing Acc
Sing Abl.
Pl Nom
Pl Gen
Pl Dat
Pl Acc
Pl Abl.
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 3 (Review week)
Review
Active Voice – Indicative Mood
No 163: Imperfect Tense (present stem)
Practice the imperfect tense by adding the form and meaning using laudo, 1, tr, praise
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
No 164: Future Tense (present stem)
Practice the future tense by adding the form and meaning using laudo, 1, tr, praise
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 4
No: 165 : Present Tense (present stem) : I advise
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P mon-eō I advise, I am advising, I do advise
Singular 2nd P mon-ēs You advise, You are advising, You do advise
Singular 3rd P mon-et he, she, it advises; he, she, it is advising;
he, she it does advise
Plural 1st P mon-ēmus we advise, we are advising, we do advise
Plural 2nd P mon-ētis You advise, You are advising, You do advise
Plural 3rd P mon-ent they advise, they are advising, they do
advise
No: 168 : Imperfect Tense (present stem) : I was advising
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P mon-ēbam I was advising
Singular 2nd P mon-ēbas you were advising
Singular 3rd P mon-ēbat he, she, it was advising
Plural 1st P mon-ēbāmus we were advising
Plural 2nd P mon-ēbātis you were advising
Plural 3rd P mon-ēbant they were advising
No. 171: Future Tense (present stem): I shall advise
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P mon-ēbō I shall advise (you shall be advising)
Singular 2nd P mon-ēbis you will advise (you will be advising)
Singular 3rd P mon-ēbit he, she, it will advise (he, she, it will be
advising)
Plural 1st P mon-ēbimus we shall advise (we shall be advising)
Plural 2nd P mon-ēbitis you will advise (you will be advising)
Plural 3rd P mon-ēbunt they will advise (they will be advising)
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 4
Additional Rules from the Reading:
1. All verbs whose present infinitive active ends in -ĒRE belong to the second conjugation.
2. Model for moneō
1. Find the stem by dropping the ending of the present infinitive active, thus: monēre,
STEM: mon-.
2. Add -eō for the first person present indicative active.
3. For the other endings use the endings of the first conjugation but change the first a of the
endings to e.
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 4
Give form and meaning for moneō, 2. tr., advise in the Present Tense (present stem)
No. 165.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for moneō, 2. tr., advise in the Imperfect Tense (present stem)
No. 168.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for moneō, 2. tr., advise in the Future Tense (present stem)
No. 171.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 4
Review: Additional Rules from the Reading:
1. All verbs whose present infinitive active ends in -ĒRE belong to the _______________ conjugation.
2. Model for moneō
1. Find the stem by dropping the ending of the _____________________, thus: monēre,
STEM: mon-.
2. Add -____ for the first person present indicative active.
3. For the other endings use the endings of the first conjugation but change the first a of the
endings to _______.
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 4 (Review week)
Give form and meaning for moneō, 2. tr., advise in the Present Tense (present stem)
No. 165.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for moneō, 2. tr., advise in the Imperfect Tense (present stem)
No. 168.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for moneō, 2. tr., advise in the Future Tense (present stem)
No. 171.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 6
Review Rules for #123 and #124
No. 346 – Indicative Present
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P sum I am
Singular 2nd P es You are
Singular 3rd P est he, she, it is
Plural 1st P sumus we are
Plural 2nd P estis you are
Plural 3rd P sunt they are
Additional Rules from the Reading:
Personal Pronouns:
1. Pronouns of the FIRST person are those which refer to the SPEAKER OR WRITER. In
English they are: I (ME), WE (US).
2. Pronouns of the SECOND person are those which refer to the person spoken TO. In
English they are: YOU (THOU, THEE, YE)
3. Pronouns of the THIRD person are those which refer to the person or thing spoken or
written ABOUT. In English they are : HE (HIM), SHE (HER), IT, THEY (THEM)
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 6
No. 123:
First Person Personal Pronouns
Number Case Form Meaning
Singular Nominative
Singular Genitive
Singular Dative
Singular Accusative
Singular Ablative
Plural Nominative
Plural Genitive
Plural Dative
Plural Accusative
Plural Ablative
Footnotes:
mē - Mēcum, tēcum, nōbīscum, vōbīscum are used for cum, mē, etc.
Nostrī and vestrī are objective genitives only (see No. 684)
Nostrum and vestrum are used as partitive genitives (See no. 686)
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 6
No. 124:
2nd Person Personal Pronouns
Number Case Form Meaning
Singular Nominative
Singular Genitive
Singular Dative
Singular Accusative
Singular Ablative
Plural Nominative
Plural Genitive
Plural Dative
Plural Accusative
Plural Ablative
Practice Indicative Active of Sum
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P Review:
Additional Rules from the Reading:
Personal Pronouns:
1. Pronouns of the FIRST person are those which refer to the _______________________.
In English they are: I (ME), WE (US).
2. Pronouns of the SECOND person are those which refer to __________________. In
English they are: YOU (THOU, THEE, YE)
3. Pronouns of the THIRD person are those which refer to
_________________________________________________ In English they are : HE
(HIM), SHE (HER), IT, THEY (THEM)
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 7
No. 128 B. Third Person Personal Pronouns Non-reflexive
Masc Fem Neuter
Sing Nom is he ea she id it
Sing Gen ējus of him
his
ējus of her
her
ējus of it
its
Sing Dat eī to or for
him
eī to or for
her
eī to or for it
Sing Acc eum him eam her id it
Sing Abl. eō (by, etc)
him
eā (by, etc)
her
eō (by, etc) it
Pl Nom eī they eae they ea they (those things)
Pl Gen eōrum of them
their
eārum of them
their
eōrum of them
their
Pl Dat eīs to or for
them
eīs to or for
them
eīs to or for them
Pl Acc eōs them eās them ea them (those things)
Pl Abl. eīs (by, etc)
them
eīs (by, etc)
them
eīs (by, etc) them
No. 129 Note: 1. The meanings given for the masculine and feminine of is, ea, id hold only
when the pronouns refers to PERSONS. Otherwise all forms are translated as in the neuter.
Urbem cēpit. Posteā eam incendit. He took the city,. Afterwards, he burned it.
No 479
A pronoun agrees with the word to which it refers, in gender and number; its case
depends on its use in sits own clause
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 7
No. 128 B. Third Person Personal Pronouns - Non-reflexive
Fill in below chart:
Masc Fem Neuter
Sing Nom
Sing Gen
Sing Dat
Sing Acc
Sing Abl.
Pl Nom
Pl Gen
Pl Dat
Pl Acc
Pl Abl.
Copy Grammar rules:
# 129 ________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
# 479 ________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 8
No. 127 a) Third Person Personal Pronouns Reflexive
Form Meaning
Nom …........... …...........
Gen suī of himself, herself, itself, themselves
Dat sibi to himself, herself, itself, themselves
Acc sē (sēsē) himself, herself, itself, themselves
Abl sē (sēsē) (by, with, from) himself, herself, itself, themselves
Eī sē laudābant. They were praising themselves.
Marīa sē nōn laudat. Mary does not praise herself.
Caesar sē laudābat. Caesar was praising himself.
Legiō sē laudābat. The legion was praising itself.
Additional Rule from Reading:
A pronoun that refers back to the subject of its own clause is called a direct reflexive.
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 8
No. 127 a) Third Person Personal Pronouns Reflexive
Form Meaning
Nom
Gen
Dat
Acc
Abl
Eī sē laudābant. They were praising _____________________.
Marīa sē nōn laudat. Mary does not praise __________________.
Caesar sē laudābat. Caesar was praising __________________.
Legiō sē laudābat. The legion was praising __________________.
Additional Rule from Reading:
A pronoun that refers back to the subject of its own clause is called a _____________
___________________.
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 9
Active Voice – Indicative Mood
No: 166 : Present Tense (present stem) : I send
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P mitt-eō I send, I am sending, I do send
Singular 2nd P mitt-is you send, you are sending, you do send
Singular 3rd P mitt-it he, she, it sends; he, she, it is sending; he,
she, it does send
Plural 1st P mitt-imus we send, we are sending, we do send
Plural 2nd P mitt-itis you send, you are sending, you do send
Plural 3rd P mitt-unt they send, they are sending, they do send
No: 169 : Imperfect Tense (present stem) : I was sending
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P mitt-ēbam I was sending
Singular 2nd P mitt-ēbās you were sending
Singular 3rd P mitt-ēbat he, she, it was sending
Plural 1st P mitt-ēbāmus we were sending
Plural 2nd P mitt-ēbātis you were sending
Plural 3rd P mitt-ēbant they were sending
Additional rules from reading:
Future Indicative Active of Mittō
The future indicative active of the third conjugation is quite different from that of the first and
second. The personal signs are the SAME, but there is NO TENSE SIGN and the VOWEL of the
endings change.
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 9
No 166: Present Tense (present stem)
Give form and meaning for mittō, 3. tr., send for the present tense.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
No 169: Imperfect Tense (present stem)
Give form and meaning for mittō, 3. tr., send for the imperfect tense.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Review:
Additional rules from reading:
Future Indicative Active of Mittō
The future indicative active of the third conjugation is quite different from that of the first and
second. The personal signs are the SAME, but there is NO ________________ and the
___________ of the endings change.
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 10
No. 172: Future Tense (present stem): I shall send
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P mitt-am I shall send (I shall be sending)
Singular 2nd P mitt-ēs you will send (you will be sending)
Singular 3rd P mitt-et he, she, it will send (he, she, it will be
sending)
Plural 1st P mitt-ēmus we shall send (we shall be sending)
Plural 2nd P mitt-ētis you will send (you will be sending)
Plural 3rd P mitt-ent they will send (they will be sending)
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 10
Give form and meaning for mittō, 3. tr., send in the Future Tense (present stem)
No. 172
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 11
Active Voice – Indicative Mood
No: 167 : Present Tense (present stem) : I hear
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P aud-iō I hear, I am hearing, I do hear
Singular 2nd P aud- īs you hear, you are hearing, you do hear
Singular 3rd P aud-it he, she, it hears; he, she, it is hearing; he,
she it, does hear
Plural 1st P aud- īmus we hear, we are hearing, we do hear
Plural 2nd P aud- ītis you hear, you are hearing, you do hear
Plural 3rd P aud-iunt they hear, they are hearing, they do hear
Active Voice – Indicative Mood
No: 170 : Imperfect Tense (present stem) : I was hearing
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P aud-iēbam I was hearing
Singular 2nd P aud-iēbās you were hearing
Singular 3rd P aud-iēbat he, she, it was hearing
Plural 1st P aud-iēbāmas we were hearing
Plural 2nd P aud-iēbātis you were hearing
Plural 3rd P aud-iēbant they were hearing
No: 173 : Future Tense (present stem) : I shall hear
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P aud-iam I shall hear (I shall be hearing)
Singular 2nd P aud-iēs you will hear (you will be hearing)
Singular 3rd P aud-iēt he, she, it will hear (he, she, it will be
hearing)
Plural 1st P aud-iēmas we shall hear ( we shall be hearing)
Plural 2nd P aud-iētis you will hear (you will be hearing)
Plural 3rd P aud-ient they will hear (they will be hearing)
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 11
Additional Rules from the Reading:
Present System Active of 4th Conjugation
To form the principal parts of regular verbs of the fourth conjugation, drop the -iō of the first
person singular present indicative and add -īre, īvī, ītus (notice the long ī). Thus:
aud-iō, audīre, aud-īvī, aud-ītus
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 11
Give form and meaning for audiō, 4. tr. – hear in the Present Tense (present stem)
No. 167.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for audiō, 4. tr. – hear in the Imperfect Tense (present stem)
No. 170.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for audiō, 4. tr. – hear in the Future Tense (present stem)
No. 173.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 12
No. 14 - Nouns have gender, number, case and declension
No. 15 - Gender. There are three genders in Latin: masculine, feminine, neuter.
No. 16 - All nouns meaning individual male persons are masculine.
No. 17 - All nouns meaning individual female persons are feminine.
No. 18 - The gender of other nouns must be learned from their declension of from the
vocabularies.
No. 19 - Number. There are two numbers in Latin: singular and plural.
No. 20 The singular speaks of one: via, a road.
No. 21 The plural speaks of more than one: viae, roads.
No. 22 Case. There are six cases in Latin:
Nominative: the case of the Subject.
Genitive: the case of the Possessor.
Dative: the case of the Indirect Object; the ‘to’ or ‘for’ case
Accusative: the case of the Direct Object.
Ablative: the ‘by-with-from’ case [ used frequently with prepositions]
Vocative: the case of the Person Addressed.
No. 23 Declension. Declension consists in adding the proper ENDINGS to the STEM to show
the different genders, numbers, and cases
No. 24 Stem. The stem is found by dropping the ENDING of the GENITIVE SINGULAR.
vi-ae, stem: vi-
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 12
No. 346 – Indicative Present – Irregular Verb - Sum
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P sum I am
Singular 2nd P es You are
Singular 3rd P est he, she, it is
Plural 1st P sumus we are
Plural 2nd P estis you are
Plural 3rd P sunt they are
No. 347 – Indicative Imperfect – Irregular verb - Eram
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P eram I was
Singular 2nd P erās you were
Singular 3rd P erat he, she, it was
Plural 1st P erāmus we were
Plural 2nd P erātis you were
Plural 3rd P erant they were
No. 348 – Indicative Future – Irregular verb - erō
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P erō I shall be
Singular 2nd P eris you will be
Singular 3rd P erit he, she, it will be
Plural 1st P erimus we shall be
Plural 2nd P eritis you will be
Plural 3rd P erunt they will be
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 12
Present, Imperfect, and and Future Indicative of Sum:
1. The final personal signs are the same as in the four conjugations.
2. The third person plural of the future is erunt.
No. 474 - A predicate adjective agrees with its noun in gender, number, and case
Vīta brevis est.
Life is short.
No. 477 - An attributive adjective agrees with its noun in gender, number and case.
Mīles fortis pugnat.
The brave soldier fights.
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 12
Copy or fill in the blank Grammar Rules:
No. 14 - Nouns ____________________________________________________________
No. 15 - Gender. There are three genders in Latin: ________________________________.
No. 16 - All nouns meaning individual male persons are _______________________.
No. 17 - All nouns meaning individual female persons are _______________________.
No. 18 - The gender of other nouns must be learned from their ______________ of from the
vocabularies.
No. 19 - Number. There are two numbers in Latin: _______________________________.
No. 20 The singular speaks of ___________: via, a road.
No. 21 The plural speaks of more than _______________: viae, roads.
No. 22 Case. There are ________ cases in Latin:
_______________: the case of the ____________________.
_________________: the case of the ________________.
_________________: the case of the ________________; the _____/________ case.
_________________: the case of the ________________.
_________________: the “ ________________” case [used frequently with _______________]
_________________: the case of the ________________.
No. 23 Declension. _________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
No. 24 Stem. The stem is found by dropping the __________________of the GENITIVE
____________________
vi-ae, stem: vi-
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 12
No. 346 – Indicative Present - SUM
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
No. 347 – Indicative Imperfect – ERAM
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
No. 348 – Indicative Future - ERO
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Copy Grammar Rules:
No. 474: ______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
No. 477: ______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 13
Verbs
No 142 Verbs have voice, mood, tense, number, and person.
No 143 Voice. There are two vocies: active and passive.
No 144 a. The active represents the subject as acting or being.
Lēgātum laudō. I praise the envoy.
Valeō. I am well.
No 145 b. The passive represents the subject as acted upon.
Laudor. I am praised.
No 146 Mood. There are three moods: indicative, subjunctive, imperative. (The meanings and
used of these moods and tenses must be learned by syntax)
No 147 Tense. There are six tenses: present, imperfect, future, perfect, pluperfect, future
perfect. (The meanings and used of these moods and tenses must be learned by syntax)
No 148 Number. There are two numbers: singular and plural.
No 149 Person. There are three persons:
First (the one speaking – I, we)
Second (the one spoken to – you)
Third (the one spoken of – he, she, it, they)
No 150 Conjugation consists in adding the proper endings to the proper stem to show the
different voices, moods, tenses, numbers and persons.
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 13
No 174
Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P laudāv-ī I praised ( I have praised)
Singular 2nd P laudāv-istī you praised ( you have praised)
Singular 3rd P laudāv-īt he, she, it praised ( he, she, it has praised)
Plural 1st P laudāv-imus we praised ( we have praised)
Plural 2nd P laudāv-istis you praised ( you have praised)
Plural 3rd P laudāv-ērunt they praised (they have praised)
No 177
Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P monu-ī I advised (I have advised)
Singular 2nd P monu-istī you advised ( you have advised)
Singular 3rd P monu-īt he, she, it advised (he, she, it has advised)
Plural 1st P monu-imus we advised ( we have advised)
Plural 2nd P monu-istis you advised (you have advised)
Plural 3rd P monu-ērunt they advised (they have advised)
No 178
Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P mīs -ī I sent ( I have sent)
Singular 2nd P mīs-istī you sent ( you have sent)
Singular 3rd P mīs -īt he, she, it sent ( he, she, it has sent)
Plural 1st P mīs-imus we sent ( we have sent)
Plural 2nd P mīs-istis you sent ( you have sent)
Plural 3rd P mīs-ērunt they sent (they have sent)
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 13
No 179
Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P audīv-ī I heard ( I have heard)
Singular 2nd P audīv-istī you heard ( you have heard)
Singular 3rd P audīv-īt he, she, it heard ( he, she, it has heard)
Plural 1st P audīv-imus we heard ( we have heard)
Plural 2nd P audīv-istis you heard ( you have heard)
Plural 3rd P audīv-ērunt they heard (they have heard)
No. 349
Indicative Perfect – Irregular verb - fuī
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P fu-ī I have been, I was
Singular 2nd P fu-istī you have been, you were
Singular 3rd P fu-īt he, she, it has been; he, she it was
Plural 1st P fu-imus we have been, we were
Plural 2nd P fu-istis you have been, you were
Plural 3rd P fu-ērunt they have been, they were
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 13
The Perfect Active Stem:
1. The perfect system of the indicative active includes the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect
tenses.
2. The perfect active stem is found by dropping the ending -ī of the third principal part.
laudāv-ī stem: laudāv-
monu-ī stem: monu-
mīs-ī stem: mīs-
audīv-ī stem: audīv-
fu-ī stem: fu-
Perfect Indicative Active
The PERFECT tense expresses a past act
For all three forms in English, Latin has one form: the PERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE.
The perfect indicative active of ALL LATIN VERBS, REGULAR AND IRREGULAR, is
formed by:
1. Finding the perfect stem from the third principal part;
2. Adding the endings shown in the model, Grammar No. 174
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 13
Copy or fill in the blank Grammar Rules:
Verbs
No 142 Verbs have ______________________________________________________.
No 143 Voice. There are two vocies: ________________________________________.
No 144 a. The active represents the ______________________________.
Lēgātum laudō. I praise the envoy.
Valeō. I am well.
No 145 b. The passive represents the __________________________________.
Laudor. I am praised.
No 146 Mood. There are three moods: _________________________________________.
(The meanings and used of these moods and tenses must be learned by syntax)
No 147 Tense. There are six tenses________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
. (The meanings and used of these moods and tenses must be learned by syntax)
No 148 Number. There are two numbers: ___________________________________.
No 149 Person. There are three persons:
___________________(the one speaking – I, we)
____________________(the one spoken to – you)
__________________(the one spoken of – he, she, it, they)
No 150 Conjugation ________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________.
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 13
No 174
Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem) - laudāv-ī
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
No 177
Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem) - monu-ī
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
No 178
Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem) - mīs -ī
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 13
No 179
Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem) - audīv-ī -
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
S2W13
No. 349
Indicative Perfect - fu-ī
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 14
No 175
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P laudāv-eram I had praised
Singular 2nd P laudāv-erās you had praised
Singular 3rd P laudāv-erat he, she, it had praised
Plural 1st P laudāv-erāmus we had praised
Plural 2nd P laudāv-erātis you had praised
Plural 3rd P laudāv-erant they had praise
No 176
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P laudāv-erō I shall have praised
Singular 2nd P laudāv-eris you will have praised
Singular 3rd P laudāv-erit he, she, it will have praised
Plural 1st P laudāv-erimus we shall have praised
Plural 2nd P laudāv-eritis you will have praised
Plural 3rd P laudāv-erint they will have praised
No 180
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P monu-eram I had advised
Singular 2nd P monu-erās you had advised
Singular 3rd P monu-erat he, she, it had advised
Plural 1st P monu-erāmus we had advised
Plural 2nd P monu-erātis you had advised
Plural 3rd P monu-erant they had advised
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 14
No 181
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P mīs -eram I had sent
Singular 2nd P mīs-erās you had sent
Singular 3rd P mīs -erat he, she, it had sent
Plural 1st P mīs-erāmus we had sent
Plural 2nd P mīs-erātis you had sent
Plural 3rd P mīs-erant they had sent
No 182
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P audīv-eram I had heard
Singular 2nd P audīv-erās you had heard
Singular 3rd P audīv-erat he, she, it had heard
Plural 1st P audīv-erāmus we had heard
Plural 2nd P audīv-erātis you had heard
Plural 3rd P audīv-erant they had heard
No 183
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P monu-erō I shall have advised
Singular 2nd P monu-eris you will have advised
Singular 3rd P monu-erit he, she, it will have advised
Plural 1st P monu-erimus we shall have advised
Plural 2nd P monu-eritis you will have advised
Plural 3rd P monu-erint they will have advised
GRAMMAR -SEMESTER 2 WEEK 14
No 184
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P mīs -erō I shall have sent
Singular 2nd P mīs-eris you will have sent
Singular 3rd P mīs -erit he, she, it will have sent
Plural 1st P mīs-erimus we shall have sent
Plural 2nd P mīs-eritis you will have sent
Plural 3rd P mīs-erint they will have sent
No 185
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P audīv-erō I shall have heard
Singular 2nd P audīv-eris you will have heard
Singular 3rd P audīv -erat he, she, it will have heard
Plural 1st P audīv-erimus we shall have heard
Plural 2nd P audīv-eritis you will have heard
Plural 3rd P audīv-erint they will have heard
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 14
No 175
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) – laudav-
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
No 176
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem) - laudav
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
No 180
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) – monu-
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 14
No 181
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) - mīs
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
No 182
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum)- audīv
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
No 183
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem) - monu
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
PRACTICE Semester 1 Week 14
No 184
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem) - mīs
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
No 185
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem) - audīv
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
ADDITIONAL PRACTICE PAGES
FOR EACH WEEK
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 1
Practice the Imperfect tense by filling in form and meaning on the following charts:
IMPERFECT - pugnō, 1., intr. - fight
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
FUTURE - pugnō, 1., intr. - fight
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
IMPERFECT - superō, 1. tr. - overcome, conquer, surpass
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 1
FUTURE - superō, 1. tr. - overcome, conquer, surpass
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
IMPERFECT - portō, 1. tr. - carry
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
FUTURE - portō, 1. tr. - carry
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 1
IMPERFECT - dō, dare, dedī, datus, 1, tr. - give
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
FUTURE - dō, dare, dedī, datus, 1, tr. - give
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
IMPERFECT - vocō, 1. tr. - call
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 1
FUTURE - vocō, 1. tr. - call
Number Person Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P.
Singular 3rd P.
Plural 1st P.
Plural 2nd P.
Plural 3rd P.
Review: Nouns
numerus, ī - number
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 1
centuriō, centuriōnis - a centurion
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the
Preposition
mors, mortis - death
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 1
hīberna, hībernōrum – winter quarters
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 2
Practice declining the nouns in the vocabulary with the following chart:
locus, ī – (pl., loca, locōrum) - place
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Decline adjectives from the vocabulary
aliēnus, a, um - unfavorable, another's, foreign
Masculine
like servus
Feminine
like porta
Neuter
like bellum
Singular Nominative
Singular Genitive
Singular Dative
Singular Accusative
Singular Ablative
Plural Nominative
Plural Genitive
Plural Dative
Plural Accusative
Plural Ablative
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 3
Practice declining the nouns in the vocabulary using the following charts:
ōrātiō, ōrātiōnis - speech, prayer
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 4
Give form and meaning for timeō, timēre, timuī, 2 tr. – fear in the Present Tense (present
stem) (No. 165)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for timeō, timēre, timuī, 2 tr. – fear in the Imperfect Tense (present
stem)
(No. 168)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for timeō, timēre, timuī, 2 tr. – fear in the Future Tense (present stem)
(No. 171)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 4
Give form and meaning for terreō, 2, tr. – terrify in the Present Tense (present stem) (No. 165)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for terreō, 2, tr. – terrify fear in the Imperfect Tense (present stem)
(No. 168)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for terreō, 2, tr. – terrify in the Future Tense (present stem)
(No. 171)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 4
Give form and meaning for habeō, 2, tr. - have in the Present Tense (present stem) (No. 165)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for habeō, 2, tr. - have in the Imperfect Tense (present stem)
(No. 168)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for habeō, 2, tr. - have in the Future Tense (present stem)
(No. 171)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 4
Review: Nouns
arma, armōrum – arms
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 6
Give form and meaning for videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus, 2. tr. – see in the Present Tense (present
stem)
No. 165.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus, 2. tr. – see in the Imperfect Tense (present
stem)
No. 168.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsus, 2. tr. – see in the Future Tense (present
stem)
No. 171.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 6
Give form and meaning for teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentus, 2., tr. - hold in the Present Tense
(present stem)
No. 165.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentus, 2., tr. - hold in the Imperfect Tense
(present stem)
No. 168.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentus, 2., tr. - hold. – see in the Future Tense
(present stem)
No. 171.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 6
Give form and meaning for moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtus, 2., tr. - move in the Present Tense
(present stem)
No. 165.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtus, 2., tr. - in the Imperfect Tense
(present stem)
No. 168.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtus, 2., tr. - – see in the Future Tense
(present stem)
No. 171.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 7
Practice declining the nouns in the vocabulary using the following charts:
fīnēs, fīnium, m. - territory (plural noun from the 3rd declension)
Form Meaning Use
Singular Nominative Subject
Singular Genitive Possessive
Singular Dative Indirect object
Singular Accusative Direct object
Singular Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 7
Give form and meaning for sustineō, sustinēre, sustinuī, sustentus, 2., tr. - sustain, withstand
in the Present Tense (present stem)
No. 165.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for sustineō, sustinēre, sustinuī, sustentus, 2., tr. - sustain, withstand
in the Imperfect Tense (present stem)
No. 168.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for sustineō, sustinēre, sustinuī, sustentus, 2., tr. - sustain, withstand
in the Future Tense (present stem)
No. 171.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 9
Give form and meaning for dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductus, 3, tr. - lead, guide in the Present Tense
(present stem)
No. 166.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductus, 3, tr. - lead, guide in the Imperfect
Tense (present stem)
No. 169.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for gerō, gerere, gessī, gestus, 3. tr. - carry, carry on in the Present
Tense (present stem)
No. 166.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 9
Give form and meaning for gerō, gerere, gessī, gestus, 3. tr. - carry, carry on in the Imperfect
Tense (present stem)
No. 169.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for dēfendō, dēfendere, dēfendī, dēfēnsus, 3. tr. – defend in the Present
Tense (present stem)
No. 166.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for dēfendō, dēfendere, dēfendī, dēfēnsus, 3. tr. – defend in the
Imperfect Tense (present stem)
No. 169.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 9
Give form and meaning for īnstruō, īnstruere, īnstrūxī, īnstrūctus, 3. tr. - draw up, equip in the
Present Tense (present stem)
No. 166.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for īnstruō, īnstruere, īnstrūxī, īnstrūctus, 3. tr. - draw up, equip in the
Imperfect Tense (present stem)
No. 169.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for vincō, vincere, vīcī, victus, 3. tr. - conquer in the Present Tense
(present stem)
No. 166.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 9
Give form and meaning for vincō, vincere, vīcī, victus, 3. tr. - conquer in the Imperfect Tense
(present stem)
No. 169.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for petō, petere, petīvī, petītus, 3. tr. - seek, beg, request in the Present
Tense (present stem)
No. 166.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for petō, petere, petīvī, petītus, 3. tr. - seek, beg, request in the
Imperfect Tense (present stem)
No. 169.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 9
Give form and meaning for pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsus, 3. tr. - drive, repulse, rout in the
Present Tense (present stem)
No. 166.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for pellō, pellere, pepulī, pulsus, 3. tr. - drive, repulse, rout in the
Imperfect Tense (present stem)
No. 169.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 9
Review: Nouns
litterae, litterārum – letter (i.e. an epistle) , dispatch
Form Meaning Use
Plural Nominative Subject
Plural Genitive Possessive
Plural Dative Indirect object
Plural Accusative Direct object
Plural Ablative Object of the
Preposition
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 10
Practice with verbs from vocabulary
Give form and meaning for pōnō, pōmere, posuī, positus, 3. tr. - put, place, set in the Future
Tense (present stem)
No. 172
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for contendō, contendere, contendī, 3. intr. - strive, contend, hasten
in the Future Tense (present stem)
No. 172
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
S2W10
Give form and meaning for agō, agere, egī, āctus, 3. tr., - drive, do, act, treat in the Future
Tense (present stem)
No. 172
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 11
Give form and meaning for muniō, 4. tr. - fortify, in the Present Tense (present stem)
No. 167.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for muniō, 4. tr. - fortify, in the Imperfect Tense (present stem)
No. 170.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for muniō, 4. tr. - fortify, in the Future Tense (present stem)
No. 173.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 11
Give form and meaning for veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum, 4, intr. - come, in the Present Tense
(present stem)
No. 167.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum, 4, intr. - come, in the Imperfect Tense
(present stem)
No. 170.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventum, 4, intr. - come in the Future Tense
(present stem)
No. 173.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 11
Give form and meaning for conveniō, convenīre, convēnī, conventum, 4. intr. - come together,
assemble, in the Present Tense (present stem)
No. 167.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for conveniō, convenīre, convēnī, conventum, 4. intr. - come together,
assemble the Imperfect Tense (present stem)
No. 170.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Give form and meaning for conveniō, convenīre, convēnī, conventum, 4. intr. - come together,
assemble in the Future Tense (present stem)
No. 173.
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 13
No 174
Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem) - collocō, 1. tr. - place, station
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
No 177
Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem) - maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsūrus, 2. tr. -
remain
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
No 178
Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem) - compleō, complēre, complēvī, complētus,
2. tr.; w. abl. - fill (with)
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 13
No 179
Indicative Mood – Perfect Tense (Present Stem) - cēdō, cēdere, cessī, cessūrus, 3. intr. - give
way, yield
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 14
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem) - adjuvō, adjuvāre, adjūvī, adjūtus,
1. tr. - help, aid
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) - - adjuvō,
adjuvāre, adjūvī, adjūtus, 1. tr. - help, aid
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Tense (Perfect Stem) - - perturbō, 1. tr. - confuse, disturb
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 14
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) - perturbō, 1.
tr. - confuse, disturb
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem) - incendō, incendere, incendī,
incēnsus, 3. tr. - set fire to, burn
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) - - incendō,
incendere, incendī, incēnsus, 3. tr. - set fire to, burn
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 14
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem) incitō, 1. tr. - incite, arouse
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) - incitō, 1. tr. -
incite, arouse
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Indicative Mood – Future Perfect Stem (Perfect Stem) servō, 1. tr – guard, keep
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P
Additional Practice for Semester 2 Week 14
Indicative Mood – Pluperfect Tense (Perfect Stem and the imperfect of sum) - servō, 1. tr –
guard, keep
Form Meaning
Singular 1st P
Singular 2nd P
Singular 3rd P
Plural 1st P
Plural 2nd P
Plural 3rd P