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Challenge of an “Environmental Model City – Kyoto”:
Toward the Realization of a Sustainable Low-carbon Society
October, 2011
Kunimitsu Imai, Program Promotion Section ManagerGlobal Warming Policy Office,Environmental Policy Bureau, Kyoto Municipal
Government 1
Do you do something good for the environment?
1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto
2. Revision of Global Warming Policy 2. Revision of Global Warming Policy Regulations:Regulations: From the Environmental Model City - KyotoFrom the Environmental Model City - Kyoto
3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- 3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- carbon Societycarbon Society
1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto
2. Revision of Global Warming Policy 2. Revision of Global Warming Policy Regulations:Regulations: From the Environmental Model City - KyotoFrom the Environmental Model City - Kyoto
3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- 3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- carbon Societycarbon Society
ContentsContents ContentsContents
2Do you do something good for the environment?
3
1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto1. Appearance and Issues in the City of Kyoto
Do you do something good for the environment?
Kyoto: Appeal to the WorldKyoto: Appeal to the World
Kyoto: Staying AliveKyoto: Staying Alive
5
5
Appearance of the City of Kyoto
Population: approx. 1.47 million Area: 827.9km2
An historical city with history and
culture as the capital for
approximately 1,000 years from
Heian-kyo (ancient Kyoto)
An historical city with history and
culture as the capital for
approximately 1,000 years from
Heian-kyo (ancient Kyoto)
A tourist town visited by over
50 million tourists a year from Japan
and overseas
A tourist town visited by over
50 million tourists a year from Japan
and overseas
A city where three quarters of the
city limits are rich with forests and
woods and scenic beauty
A city where three quarters of the
city limits are rich with forests and
woods and scenic beauty
A manufacturing city and university
city that creates innovation
A manufacturing city and university
city that creates innovation
6
Citizens with a strong sense of civic
autonomy (such important local
business leaders) and local
community bonds
Citizens with a strong sense of civic
autonomy (such important local
business leaders) and local
community bonds
Issues in Modern KyotoIssues in Modern Kyoto
7
Destruction of the Cityscape and Landscape
Forest Devastation
Historical structures and mid-high rise buildings in the background
Withering of the oaks in the mountains
surrounding Kyoto
Feeding damage by deer
Influence of global warming?
43,74045,54447,27148,39149,44550,210
41,32242,17440,512
4,7945,348
5,9566,371 6,491 6,561
4,4474,4404,399
-
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
12
平成
年13
平成
年14
平成
年15
平成
年16
平成
年17
平成
年18
平成
年19
平成
年20
平成
年
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
入洛観光客数(千人) 観光消費額(億円)
Tourism and Transportation Congestion
Impressions of Tourists on Kyoto (2008)
BUT
No. of Tourists Going to Kyoto and Trends in Tourism Expenditure *Kyoto City Annual Tourism Report (2008)
8年連続増加5千万人突破
Example of Tourists Waiting for Buses at Kyoto Station
Congestion from the Inflow of Automobiles (Arashiyama)
Around 29%* of tourists come to Kyoto in private automobiles
Best 2 Worst 2
1 Scenery TransportationTransportation
2 Landmarks RoadsRoads9
Issues in Modern KyotoIssues in Modern Kyoto
No. of tourists coming to Kyoto (1,000 people)
Amount of tourism expenditure (100 million yen)
Increases for 8 years in a rowExceeds 50 million
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
2. Revision of Global Warming Policy Regulations: From the Environmental Model City - Kyoto2. Revision of Global Warming Policy Regulations: From the Environmental Model City - Kyoto
9Do you do something good for the environment?
Birthplace of the Kyoto ProtocolBirthplace of the Kyoto Protocol
COP3, December 1997
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Taking advantage of the opportunity of the birth of the Kyoto Protocol at COP3, various initiatives have been promoted aimed at the prevention of global warmingTaking advantage of the opportunity of the birth of the Kyoto Protocol at COP3, various initiatives have been promoted aimed at the prevention of global warming
Environmental Model City Certification
■Kyoto was selected as an Environmental Model City on January 1, 2011(Currently, 13 municipalities have been selected as Environmental Model Cities)
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Environmental Model City SelectionEnvironmental Model City Selection
Initiatives of Measures against Global warming in Kyoto
Dec 2004: Enactment of ordinances for measures against global warming in Kyoto
Sep 2010: Full revision of ordinances for measures against global warming
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The first ordinances in Japan that specialized in measures against
global warming
○Reduction target: 10% reduction by 2010 (compared to 1990)
1 Reduction Targets ○ 2050 (long-term target) Realization of a low-carbon society through significant reductions ○ 2030 (mid-term target) 40% reduction (compared to 1990) ○ 2020 (interim target) 25% reduction (compared to 1990)
2 Characteristic Compulsory Regulations ○ Compulsory introduction of eco-cars for large business operators ○ Compulsory introduction of renewable energy for large buildings (first in Japan) ○ Compulsory usage of timber produced in Kyoto for large buildings (first in Japan)
There are only four local governments (including Kyoto) with ordinances that specify reduction targets
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50
100
150
200
250
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
-CO
2二
酸化
炭素
排出
量(百
万トン
)
産業部門 運輸部門民生・家庭部門 民生・業務部門
Status of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Kyoto
Pre-revision ordinance reduction targets are met
△ 11.6%
400
500
600
700
800
900
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2010
2020
2030
年
CO
2温
室効
果ガ
ス排
出量
(万トン
-)
Issue of reductions in
the residential and
commercial sectors
Industrial sectorPrivate and household sector
Transportation sectorPrivate and commercial sector
Carbon dioxide em
issions amount
(million tons – C
02)
Greenhouse gas em
ission s amount
(10,000 tons – C0
2)
3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- carbon Society3. Challenge of Kyoto toward a Sustainable Low- carbon Society
14Do you do something good for the environment?
15
In around 1,450 collection points in the city, used cooking oil is collected out of people’s homes
Low-carbon Initiatives in the Transportation Sector Low-carbon Initiatives in the Transportation Sector
Switch to Biodiesel Fuel Project (start: 1997) Switch to Biodiesel Fuel Project (start: 1997)
Garbage Trucks (around 160 vehicles)B100 (Biodiesel fuel: 100%)
Garbage Trucks (around 160 vehicles)B100 (Biodiesel fuel: 100%)
Utilization of Biodiesel Fuel in City Buses and Garbage TrucksUtilization of Biodiesel Fuel in City Buses and Garbage TrucksUtilization of Biodiesel Fuel in City Buses and Garbage TrucksUtilization of Biodiesel Fuel in City Buses and Garbage Trucks
City Buses (95 vehicles)B20 (Biodiesel fuel: 20% + Diesel oil:
80%
City Buses (95 vehicles)B20 (Biodiesel fuel: 20% + Diesel oil:
80%
The annual usage of biodiesel fuel is 1.5million liters and this has reduced CO2 by around 4,000 tons
Biodiesel fuel production plant (5,000L/day)
Children’s Eco-life Challenge Promotion ProjectChildren’s Eco-life Challenge Promotion Project
○The purpose is to review the lifestyle of each home from the perspective of a child by better understanding the problem of global warming
○The study class instructor is a volunteer citizen who conducts the study class in a lesson at elementary school
○Environmental household account books for children are used and the whole family practices the eco-life in the summer or winter vacation
○A retrospective study class is then held
2005: Starts in 1 school → 2009: 101 schools → 2010: 177 schools
①Pre-stud
y class
②Practice activity
③Diagn
osis
creation
④Post-p
roject stu
dy
class
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Conducted in all
elementary schools
in Kyoto City
Low-carbon Lifestyle Low-carbon Lifestyle
18
Public transportation that
creates a bustling city
The switch in the leading role of the city from the car to
people
Realization of Kyoto:Realization of Kyoto:A Walking CityA Walking City
Realization of Kyoto:Realization of Kyoto:A Walking CityA Walking CityComfortable,
convenient public transportation
Reorganize and strengthen existing public transportation and services that are easy to use at a world-class level
A city with priority to pedestrians to savor to the maximum the appeal of walking
A switch to a lifestyle that values the enjoyment of walking
Existing Public Transportation Initiatives
Lifestyle Initiatives
Urban Development Initiatives
Target: Non-automobile transportation percentage share 72 %→ 80 % and over Target: Non-automobile transportation percentage share 72 %→ 80 % and over
Kyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk AroundKyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk Around Kyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk AroundKyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk Around
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Shijo-dori sidewalk expansion and public transportation prioritization
Road pricing (congestion charge) study
Initiatives toward a year-round park and ride
Kyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk AroundKyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk Around Kyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk AroundKyoto: A Town Enjoyable to Walk Around
岡崎地区
①Operation of environmentally-
friendly buses
②Zero-emission Street
③Installation of EV-charging facilities(Okazaki Parking Lot disaster prevention
location)
Use of renewable energy(e.g. small hydroelectric power
generation using the canal)
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Kyoto-style Smart City Development
International House
(Kyoto Prefectural Library)
Miyako Messe
EV-charging equipment
Storage battery
Okazaki District
ICT
(National Museum of Modern Art, Kyoto)
Zoo
Remote Supervision Center Research Center
School
*PV examined after an on-site survey*PV examined after an on-site survey
Rakunan ShinbuRakunan Shinbu
BAS/BEMS
BAS/BEMS
◎Energy creation and conservation technology has been centrally introduced in a cultural tourism zone, and energy management has been implemented ◎Disaster response has been strengthened through self-sufficiency by renewable energy
☆Energy self-support and financing inside the area☆EV car-sharing, EV buses and controls on the influx of fossil fuel cars☆Pedestrian-centered zero-emission street☆Green zoo (Kyoto Municipal Zoo): switch to biogas
Green Zoo
21
Kyoto-style Smart City Development
Distribution board
Solar panel s (consideration to the landscape)
PC
Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi) Router
Dedicated website
Display
terminal
Simplified power
sensor
Cloud
ビルの屋上に太陽光発電(パネル・防水シート一体型)・小型風力設置
●Energy conservation support services for the home
●Visualization tool installation(Smart meter + Display device)
●Solar power generation rental roof
●Rooftop natural energy utilization
●Fast-charging storage batteries●Regional stability energy hub
◎A new downtown residential style that is people-friendly and which takes into account the environment and disaster prevention◎Energy creation and decentralization at multiple-dwelling and city block levels
Future Cityscape
22
Kyoto: Challenging to be a Low-carbon City
Kyoto’s Goal for the Future:Fusion of accumulated history and culture and cutting edge technology
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Kyoto: Challenging to be a Low-carbon City
Toward a city with appeal:Desire to continue to live, to visit
Thank you very much for your kind attention.
Thank you very much for your kind attention.
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Do you do something good for the environment?