32
1 Challenges and Benefits of a Unified Synchronism Network Rodrigo Leal, Msc Engineer Colloquium on Smart Grid November 13-15, 2013 MYSORE – KARNATAKA - INDIA
1
Challenges and Benefits of a Unified Synchronism Network
Rodrigo Leal, MscEngineer
Colloquium on Smart Grid
November 13-15, 2013
MYSORE – KARNATAKA - INDIA
2
Eletrobras
The biggest company of the electric power sector in Latin AmericaEletrobras is the leader of a system consisting of six subsidiary companies (Eletrobras Chesf, Eletrobras Furnas, Eletrobras Eletrosul, Eletrobras Eletronorte, Eletrobras CGTEE and Eletrobras Eletronuclear), six distribution companies, the Electric Power Research Center (Eletrobras Cepel) and Eletrobas Participações S.A. (Eletrobras Eletropar) and is also holder of 50% of the capital stock of Itaipu Binacional.
3
The biggest generator of electricity of the
Brazil, with 10.618 MW of installed power
4
THE PRESENCE OF CHESFTHE PRESENCE OF CHESF IN NORTHEAST OF BRAZILIN NORTHEAST OF BRAZIL
LUIZ GONZAGA Power Plant1,500 MW
5
TELECOMMUNICATION BUSINESS PLANHORIZON 2018
Planning
6
Scope
The Telecommunication Business Plan considered the transformation of the several systems in compliance with all requirements of Electric Sector and of the new services demands.
Transport Network Synchronism Wide Area Network (WAN) Unified Communications (UC) Video Surveillance Wireless Network (WiFi) Security Quality of Service
7
Telecom Business PlanTelecom Business PlanTransport Network
The new telecommunications transportation networks will utilize high capacity optical systems. In the high traffic regions, the transmission backbone will adopt the OTN (Optical Transport Network) technology, at 10 Gbit/s.
8
In the design of networks should be considered the new needs such as IPv6, high availability, QoS, security, load balancing, multicast, and others.
9
General Aspects of Smart GridIntroduction
10
Concept of Smart Grid
Superstructure digital overlapped a power grid– Main functions:
• Sensoring (remote detection) anddistributed measurements;
• Embedded processing;• Advanced Integration in Network;
– The purpose is to make the chain of delivery of electric power:
• Observable;• Reliable• Automatable;• Integrated;
Need for interaction between the network, devices and business
processes.Perhaps this is the most difficult task,
due to the diversity of all existing
components.
Telecommunications standard, transparent and reliable with security and
synchronism form the basis of this network
11
Substation Automation (SA) Overview of the use cases of Substation Automation (SA)
Automation system of substation or next generation substation without GOOSE (Generic Object-Oriented Substation Events)
Automation system of next generation substation with GOOSE
Automation of substation with Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)
Physical security of substation
Managing of the remote workforce of substation
Distribution of accurate time at the substation
Remote access to devices of substation
Management of network and of the security
12
Use cases and architecture solutions
Advanced Metering
Infrastructure AMI
Advanced Metering
Infrastructure AMI
Distribution Automation (DA)
Distribution Automation (DA)
Man
agin
g th
e w
orkf
orce
Man
agin
g th
e w
orkf
orce
Inve
ntor
y m
anag
emen
tIn
vent
ory
man
agem
ent
Dis
trib
uted
in
telli
genc
eD
istr
ibut
ed
inte
llige
nce
Res
ourc
e M
anag
emen
t T
elec
om
Res
ourc
e M
anag
emen
t T
elec
om
IEEE 802.15
.4g
IEEE 802.15
.4g
IEEE 1901.2IEEE
1901.2IEC 61850, IEC 60870, ModBus,
etc.IEC 61850, IEC 60870, ModBus,
etc.
Mesh of RFMesh of RF
Mesh of PLCMesh
of PLC FLIRFLIR Volt/VARVolt/VAR DERDER
...... ...... ...... ......
Services of gateway of FANServices of gateway of FAN
Services time distribution (time, phase, and frequency) high-precisionServices time distribution (time, phase, and frequency) high-precision
Security and security managementSecurity and security management
Management of telecommunications network (configuration, fault, performance, security, accounting)
Management of telecommunications network (configuration, fault, performance, security, accounting)
13
Use cases and architecture solutions
Advanced Metering
Infrastructure AMI
Advanced Metering
Infrastructure AMI
Distribution Automation (DA)
Distribution Automation (DA)
Man
agin
g th
e w
orkf
orce
Man
agin
g th
e w
orkf
orce
Inve
ntor
y m
anag
emen
tIn
vent
ory
man
agem
ent
Dis
trib
uted
in
telli
genc
eD
istr
ibut
ed
inte
llige
nce
Res
ourc
e M
anag
emen
t T
elec
om
Res
ourc
e M
anag
emen
t T
elec
om
IEEE 802.15
.4g
IEEE 802.15
.4g
IEEE 1901.2IEEE
1901.2IEC 61850, IEC 60870, ModBus,
etc.IEC 61850, IEC 60870, ModBus,
etc.
Mesh of RFMesh of RF
Mesh of PLCMesh
of PLC FLIRFLIR Volt/VARVolt/VAR DERDER
...... ...... ...... ......
Services of gateway of FANServices of gateway of FAN
Security and security managementSecurity and security management
Management of telecommunications network (configuration, fault, performance, security, accounting)
Management of telecommunications network (configuration, fault, performance, security, accounting)
Services time distribution (time, phase, and frequency) high-precision
Infrastructure unique, exact, precise, redundant,
reliable, resilient and managed of synchronism
Enhanced accuracy of time (of <50 ms to <4ms, or in some cases, in the range
of µ seconds)
14
Use cases and architecture solutions
Advanced Metering
Infrastructure AMI
Advanced Metering
Infrastructure AMI
Distribution Automation (DA)
Distribution Automation (DA)
Man
agin
g th
e w
orkf
orce
Man
agin
g th
e w
orkf
orce
Inve
ntor
y m
anag
emen
tIn
vent
ory
man
agem
ent
Dis
trib
uted
in
telli
genc
eD
istr
ibut
ed
inte
llige
nce
Res
ourc
e M
anag
emen
t T
elec
om
Res
ourc
e M
anag
emen
t T
elec
om
IEEE 802.15
.4g
IEEE 802.15
.4g
IEEE 1901.2IEEE
1901.2IEC 61850, IEC 60870, ModBus,
etc.IEC 61850, IEC 60870, ModBus,
etc.
Mesh of RFMesh of RF
Mesh of PLCMesh
of PLC FLIRFLIR Volt/VARVolt/VAR DERDER
...... ...... ...... ......
Services of gateway of FANServices of gateway of FAN
Security and security managementSecurity and security management
Services time distribution (time, phase, and frequency) high-precisionServices time distribution (time, phase, and frequency) high-precision
Management of telecommunications network
(configuration, fault, performance, security, accounting)
Full control of the performance of network services (connectivity,
quality of service, administration and
maintenance of network services)
Integrated management of heterogeneous network (based on the integrated inventory, physical and logical, of the network
resources)
15
Synchronism of the NetworkCurrent Situation
16
Current: Synchronism separate networks
Telecommunications networks has their own synchronism
Synchronism of frequency sent by the line signal (SDH or E1)
The control of the electric power system has their own synchronism
Synchonism of time and phase, with GPS receivers distributed and copper cables dedicated on site
Traditional Situation
17
Current Synchronism Network
The synchronism network consists of the distribution of frequency from a network of clocks spread all over the area of CHESF.
The synchronism network uses a hierarchical structure with the primary reference clocks (PRC), that provide reference to the rubidium clocks and quartz by the network.
The primary reference originates from seven GPS own and each of the GPS serves, currently, no more than five SDH network elements (NEs), cascaded.
18
SYNCHRONISM AND SMART GRID
Requirements of precision of the time in the automation applications of the electric sector:•SCADA: 1 s •Distribuition Automation:100 ms •Subestation Automation (sequence of events): 1 ms •Process Bus: 10 s •Syncrophasores: 1 s
“Merging Units are the intelligent electronic devices that enable digital communication over the Ethernet network using sampled measured values between the process level and the bay level. Merging Units continuously measure multiple analogue CT/VT values from primary equipment and digitise them according to IEC 61850-9-2 standard. Data shifted at the receiving IEDs by just microseconds will result in the protection algorithm not working properly.”
19
Why IEEE 1588?
It is necessary to transfer:
– The exact time and accurate to IEDs, without requiring a point to point parallel system (out of band);
– By the Industrial LAN IEEE 802.3 (within band);
– Support wireless networks (IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15.4 e IEEE 802.16).
Sen
sor
Sen
sor
Sen
sor
Sen
sorCollector
SwitchSwitch
Master Clock
timin
g
20
Profile IEEE 1588-2008
• IEEE 1588-2008 …
Default ProfileDefined in the Annex J. /1588Industrial Automation (V1)
Power ProfileDefined in the standard IEEE C37.238 – LAN of substation All switches must have the function of "transparent clocks"
Telecom ProfileDefined by ITU-T (G.8265.1) – Telecommunication (WAN) – To transfer frequency in applications of Telecommunications
•Common profile for use of the PTP (IEEE 1588-2008) for protection, automation and data communication in systems electro-energetic, over an Ethernet communications architecture;
•Dedicates special attention to ensuring a distribution of time consistent and reliable within substations, between substations and across wide geographic areas.
21
Network ElementsIEEE 1588
Ordinary clocks (Grandmasters and slaves)
Boundary Clocks Regenerate PTP messages, eliminating the delays found in the path (path delay); usually, implemented in switches or distributors equipped with internal clocks
Transparent Clocks These are switches with the ability to measure and notify called "residence time" (delay between input and output of packages IEEE1588).
22
RecommendationsSubstation Clocks
Usar dois GMCs como relógios de SE Use two GMCs as clocks SE– The choice between them is through the Best Master Clock
algorithm
Use GPS location Equipping GMC with rubidium Provide GMC with slave function IEEE 1588
Telecom Profile – Provide signal IEEE 1588 Telecom Profile of SSU remote by
telecommunications network (to cover failure of the GPS)
Specify carefully substation clocks
23
Redundant Topology IEEE PC37.238
IEEE PSRC (C37.238) , PTP power profile
PTP PTP PTP PTP
ITU-T (G.8265.1), PTP telecom profile
NetworkNetwork
LANLAN
GMC main
GMC backup
PMU
MU: merging unitP: relay of protectionC: controller : Switch Ethernet
24
Infrastructure Integrated of SynchronismMultiple Reference
Grandmaster remote PTP with telecom profile
IEEE 1588PTP telecom profile
1ª
2ª
3ª
Holdover of rubidium
GPS
Rubidium ensures about 8 days of holdover <26s (1% TVE)
25
Recommendations Intra-site Distribution
Use industrial switches with Transparent Clock(P2P)– The TC function accumulates less error that the function BC
– TC P2P implements peer delay measurement• Measures and provides the full delay to the GMC or BC higher• Measures including the links blocked• In case of reconfiguration, already know the delay for any of their ports up to the
GMC or BC higher (convergence immediate)
Use converters IEEE 1588v2 Power Profile to IRIG-B in the external area (for legacy devices)
Manage all equipment of distribution synchronism Specify carefully all switches and distributors of clock
26
Sub
stat
ion
Clo
ckTime distribution in the substation
… Present
Recorder
GPS
IRIG-B
Protection
RTU
IRIG-B Bus/NTP
PPO
Protection Relay Protection Relay
AlarmsGateway
of substation PMU
Switchof substations
61850 LAN
IEEE PSRC (C37.238) Power Profile
Relays House
and Future
E1/2048 kHz
ADM
IRIG-B AM/DCDCF77
•Local time•UTC time
27
Example of implementation
GMC main
GMC backup
PTP PTP
PTP PTP
Switch LAN main Switch LAN
Backup
IEDs Smart
IEEE PSRC (C37.238) , PTP power profile
E1/2048 kHz(Telecommunications)
E1/2048 kHz(Telecommunications)
PTP PTP
ConverterPTP - IRIG-B
IEDs IRIG (legacy)
IRIG-B
IRIG-B IRIG-B
28
Proposal
Unified Network
29
Challenges– Functional structure with separated areas
• Telecommunication
• Automation
• Information Technology
– Modus operandis to be implemented
Benefits– Reduction of investments.– Reliable– Robust– High availability– Managed– Sharing maintenance
Challenges and BenefitsChallenges and Benefits
30
Suggested that the synchronism network operated by telecommunications can also be used, with clear advantages for other sectors of the company, and be prepared to attend the new requirements, with optimization of investment, improvements in the operation and sharing maintenance of the network, and consequent cost reduction .
ConclusionConclusion
31
Thanks
