© 2019 Arm Limited

Yan WangArm Tech Symposia China

Challenges and Opportunities for

Implementing a New 5G Network

2 © 2019 Arm Limited

Agenda5G Infrastructure Networks

• Overview main components of 5G

• Highlight some of the commercial and technological challenges facing stakeholders

• Focus on Arm’s approach in supporting a scalable platform and extending the portfolio of IP and software support for radio and network hierarchy technologies.

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5G Market Perspective

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5G and the Global Market• Commercial and roll out challenges – new use cases

• Multiple radio, base station and core network configurations to meet diverse use cases

• 5G performance requirements drive new architectures

• Radio Access Network dominated by purpose-built systems with virtualized/containerized technologies near the core

Global mobile traffic

2018: 28 EB/mth

2025: 130 EB/mth

Unique mobile broadband subscribers

2019: 8 bn

2025: 9 bn

Mobile data traffic

2025: 74% video

IoT connectivity

2019: 7.5 bn

2025: 25 bnSource: Ericsson Mobility Report and ReThink.

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5G Broad Use Cases – Driving Promises and RequirementsUltra Reliable Low Latency Communications

(URLLC)

- Industrial automation

- Intelligent transportation

- Remote healthcare

Ultra-low latencyLess than 1ms

High availabilityEven in high mobility

Ultra-high reliabilityHigher than 99.999%

High accuracy positioningLess than 2m in 80% of situations

Ultra low interrupt time0ms

Enhanced Mobile Broadband

(eMBB)- Immersive AR and VR

- Advanced gaming/8K video streaming

- Enterprise broadband connectivity

- Connected transportation infotainment

Ultra-high Spectral EfficiencyDL peak: 30bps/Hz

Extreme data ratesDL peak: 20Gbps

Deep coverageEnhancements over 4G

Massive Machine Type Communications

(mMTC)

- Lighting & road sign control

- Smart waste management

- Asset tracking

- Structure & environmental monitoring

Ultra-low energy10 years + battery life

Low complexityLimited comms requirements

Ultra-high density1 million devices per Km2

URLLCmMTC

eMBB

5G

Broad level 5G use case criteria

Roll outs for 3GPP R’15 -> R’17

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Providing the Building Blocks to Transform 5G

Radio Access Network

4G 5G

RAN

5G network access

Cloud data center

Hyper-scaler cloud

Storage of critical data

Use case processing

Core network

MNO

Core network

RAN Management

Edge

processing

Edge cloud

5G content cache

Round trip latency requirements for emerging applications

Robotics/Medical 2.2 ms

V2X augmented apps 10 ms

Smart City, IoT control15-20 ms

Analyze & Store Filter & React Local Decisions

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5G RAN Challenges

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RAN Challenges: Data Processing

Data Processing Challenges

• More complex algorithms will be used to achieve higher spectrum efficiency

• End to end latency becomes shorter

• Performance/Power/Costs are still important factors

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

10K

1M

100M

10G

Bits/Sec

OPS

(Sig Proc)

Application & Air interface complexity

Per component

Per user

Round trip latency (ms) LTE 10ms, 5G 1ms

Increased integration

Key requirements for effective designs:• Offload some computation/processing to

SW• HW accelerators are still necessary for

certain functions

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RAN Challenges: Deployment Scenarios

Different deployment scenarios to enable different use cases (eMBB, uRLLC, mMTC)

• Change in radio deployment. Many options.

1

2

3

Layer 3 Layer 2 Layer 1

L2

L1

RF

• Radio Cloud center (RCC)

• Packet data convergence protocol (PDCP)

• MAC

• Radio link control (RLC)

• Low-PHY

• High PHY

DIGITAL UNIT (DU) RU

L2

L3

split

split

CPRI, ECPRI

Split Option 8

Ethernet

Split Options 6, 7

Ethernet

Split Options 2, 3, 4, 5

4G CORE

5G NR Non stand alone.

C-RAN approach.

3GPP R16 through R18.

5G NR Stand alone.

CEN

TRA

LIZE

D U

NIT

(C

U)

EDG

E C

OM

PU

TE

5G

CO

RE

DAT

A C

ENTE

R

• Change in network hierarchy/architecture.• C-RAN, Macro-centric, Small cell, UCPS, Dual-connectivity, LAA, etc improve the capacity, throughput etc,

but also introduce more deployment scenarios

• Split C-Plane & U-Plane

One size cannot fit all. Need solutions to handle different scenarios efficiently

New network/function splitting may introduce diverse equipment and & SoC options

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RAN Challenges: Open Initiatives & Commercial Challenges

Commercial Challenges

• New disruptive initiatives in supply chain

• MNO community pushing for greater autonomy

• 5G opportunity brings new commercial opportunity

Open Initiatives

Telecom Infrastructure Project (sponsored by Facebook to enable disruptive technology and a new approach to deploying network technology)

O-RAN (Open RAN Alliance)

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Commercial/Engagement Dynamic more complex for 5G.

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ML Challenges

RB carrier RAT slice

Orchestration and Automation

RU DU CU

RIC Near-RT

RIC Non-RT

UPF

5GC Ctrl.

DN

ms

minute

month

NWDAF

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Arm’s Approach to 5G Enablement

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Arm Neoverse: Enabling 5G• 5G foundation for the connectivity of 1T devices.

• This initiative is aimed to broadening Arm IP for 5G enablement by developing full eco

system for IP, solutions and platforms.

Scalable from hyperscale to the edge

High performance, secure IP and architectures

Diverse solutions and ecosystem

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Neoverse N1 platform: Accelerating the transformation to a scalable cloud to edge infrastructure

Neoverse E1 platform: Empowering the infrastructure to meet next generation throughput demands

Arm Neoverse N1 and E1 platforms

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Arm Neoverse – Investing in 5G IP Enablement for a Stronger Ecosystem

Complementary IP> 12 unique IP blocks provided and verified by Arm and Partners

Compiler Optimizations

Open Source & Commercial

SW Ecosystem

EDA Tools

Development Environments

Foundry Partnerships & Optimizations

Standards & Certification

Major contributor to over 100 OSS initiatives, & commercial SW partnerships

Integrated environments that span boards to servers to cloud

Active participation on over 25 standards and certification organizations

> 70% performance improvement for some workloads

Architecture & Reference

Designs

Over a dozen reference designs spanning edge to core

Support for all major EDA platforms

Optimized methodology, physical IP, & design utilities for advanced nodes

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Neoverse Solutions

Complementary IP

Compiler Optimizations

Open Source & Commercial

SW Ecosystem

EDA Tools

Development Environments

Foundry Partnerships & Optimizations

Standards & Certification

Architecture & Reference

Designs

Reference Application Design

Application Specific Software

System Architecture

18 © 2019 Arm Limited

Arm SOC 5G: Compute and AccelerationTargeting the right balance of processing and acceleration for heterogeneous designs

High bandwidth, low latency interconnectWide range of implementations from few to many

coherent devices -> integrated SOC’sCombination of Arm IP and partner differentiation

l1

N1 N1

N1N1

Control Plane Processing

▪ 10’s x 000 instructions per packet▪ Fast event processing▪ Complex signalling▪ Trend: Evolving softwareNeed: Efficient, High-compute performance & IPC.

Arm IP & Software

N1 N1

4x E1

N1

Contextual Computing

▪ 1’s x 000 instructions per packet▪ Flexible cluster architecture▪ Context switching: cores & clusters▪ Trend: more complexity (LTE-A, 5G)Need: high-compute, low-latency performance

Arm IP & Software

4x E1

4x E1

4x E1

4x E1

User Plane Processing (eg. Packet processing)

▪ 1’s x 00 instructions per packet▪ Throughput driven, IO intensive▪ Deterministic performance▪ Trend: higher packet ratesNeed: small cores at maximum efficiency

Arm IP & Software

A

A

Specialized Processing (eg. User Plane Acceleration)

▪ ML, L1, content delivery, security▪ Diverse requirements▪ Trend: advanced modulation schemesNeed: DSPs, Accelerators

Accelerators

Accelerators

Partner differentiation & enablement

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Arm: Accelerating Platform Availability for 5G NR

SoC -> RAN

Multi chip module -> RAN/Edge

Disaggregated SoCs

through PCB -> Edge/Core

Coherent Gateway

Neoverse CMN

3rd Party IP

Neoverse IP

Specialized Link/PHY

Tx Rx

Coherent Gateway

Accelerator IPML/AI, PP &

Security

CPU subsystem IP Augmented by:• Software• L1 capability• Network interface

& Security• POC’s & Platforms

20 © 2019 Arm Limited

5G RAN Configurations -- Examples

DFEPHY Low

PHY High

MACLow

MACHigh

RLCRRC

PDCPCoreRF

ML E1 N1 ML

Server

DFEPHY Low

PHY High

MACLow

MACHigh

RLCRRC

PDCPCoreRF

A5x E1NG

Efficiency core*

ML N1 ML N1 MLNG

Performance core*

NG Efficiency

core*A5x E1

NG Performance core*

NG Performance core*

NG Performance core*

For illustration purpose. The function splits may vary in the real implementations

21 © 2019 Arm Limited

Arm Software Platform Architecture for 5G

Linux OS

Infra Orchestration and Installer vSwitch

Apps Apps Apps

Bare metal Container VM

FirmwareArm Trusted

FirmwareDevice

Management

Device Drivers

Edge HW Platform

Arm Compute Subsystem

Accelerators MemoryIO

SDN Controller

Data Plane SR-IOV VirtIO

The basis for 5G enablement on Arm based platforms

Enablement of a full software ecosystem for 5G• Containerized & virtualized capability• Various OSS platforms pre-ported and

optimized• Availability of POC’s

• mCORD, Akraino etc.

Scaling from RAN to Core network

22 © 2019 Arm Limited

Arm IPG’s Approach to 5G Technology EnablementGeneral purpose compute

Heterogeneous SOC with mix of the above functions.

Infrastructure

5G Dynamic

New IP Commitments and Delivery Supplementing compute only capability.

PlatformsRadio, BBU, Edge and Core.

Consolidation of Silicon Supply basesNo. of players offering Arm based solutions.

ETSI 3GPP vs. More Open Platform approach

Changing Commercial Dynamic

Rollout TimescalesTechnology, Partnerships & Intercept

Client

Ind & Auto

Network Storage Security Ml/ai l1

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Summary – Meeting the Platform Demands for 5G Across the Arm Ecosystem• We have a good starting position across the Arm eco-system in 4G RAN

• 5G ramping quickly, need for coverage for existing use case.

• Understanding challenges, priorities and execute• Use cases and platform requirements – Enterprise companies, Hyper-scalers and MNO’s• Radio – option splits, ML requirements and timelines• Network hierarchy – Virtualization, Containerization and Smart NICs• Open platforms – understanding & prioritizing need and executing

• Success of 5G is dependant on flexible, scalable platforms - power, throughput, latency

• A focus set of collaborative activities required to target DFE, BBU, Edge Compute and Core/DC architectures.• Hardware platforms with silicon partners and OEMs.• Software to target containerized/virtualized capability, API’s and abstraction of accelerator capability.• POC’s to fine tune performance & deliverables.

• Collaboration between multiple parties is key.

Thank YouDankeMerci谢谢

ありがとうGracias

Kiitos감사합니다

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