National Center of Competence in Research Challenges to Democracy in the 21 st Century CHALLENGES TO DEMOCRACY IN THE 21 ST CENTURY 15 –16 June 2017 University of Zurich, main building, Rämistr. 71 The National Center of Competence in Research «Challenges to Democracy in the 21 st Century» (NCCR Democracy) is a multidisciplinary research program launched by the Swiss National Sci- ence Foundation and the University of Zurich in 2005. The NCCR Democracy examines current developments that are fundamentally transforming democracy: globalization, the rise of populism, and the growing role of the media in politics («mediatization»). In over 50 research projects social scientists have worked together to understand which challenges and new opportunities for demo- cracy these trends entail. In September 2017, the NCCR Democracy will bring its research program to a close. The aim of the final conference is to take stock of the NCCR’s research and exchange with colleagues on the current challenges to democracy. The conference program will be composed of four panels: Panel 1: Democracy and inclusion Panel 2: Varieties of democratic governance beyond the state Panel 3: Populism Panel 4: Mediatization FINAL CONFERENCE OF THE NCCR DEMOCRACY
Transcript
National Center of Competence in ResearchChallenges to Democracy in the 21st Century
CHALLENGES TO DEMOCRACY IN THE 21ST CENTURY
15 –16 June 2017University of Zurich, main building, Rämistr. 71
The National Center of Competence in Research «Challenges to Democracy in the 21st Century»
(NCCR Democracy) is a multidisciplinary research program launched by the Swiss National Sci-
ence Foundation and the University of Zurich in 2005. The NCCR Democracy examines current
developments that are fundamentally transforming democracy: globalization, the rise of populism,
and the growing role of the media in politics («mediatization»). In over 50 research projects social
scientists have worked together to understand which challenges and new opportunities for demo-
cracy these trends entail.
In September 2017, the NCCR Democracy will bring its research program to a close. The aim of
the final conference is to take stock of the NCCR’s research and exchange with colleagues on the
current challenges to democracy.
The conference program will be composed of four panels:
Panel 1: Democracy and inclusion
Panel 2: Varieties of democratic governance beyond the state
Panel 3: Populism
Panel 4: Mediatization
FINAL CONFERENCE OF THE NCCR DEMOCRACY
9:00 – 10:00 Welcome Address by Daniel Kübler, Director NCCR DemocracyKeynote Speech: Revisiting the populist challengeHanspeter Kriesi (European University Institute)
10:15 – 10:20 Introduction to the panel by Daniel Bochsler
10:20 – 10:32 Presence, representation and impact: how minority MPs affect policy outcomesMiriam Hänni (University of Konstanz)
10:33 – 10:45 When do MPs of immigrant origin talk about immigration?Laura Morales (University of Leicester)
10:45 – 11:30 Discussion
11:30 – 11:45 Coffee break
11:45 – 11:57 The diminishing value of minority representation: between group representation and individual career pathsNathalie Giger (University of Geneva), (co-authors: Stefanie Bailer, Christian Breunig & Andreas Wüst)
11:58 – 12:10 Political inclusion and powersharing in the Asia-PacificBenjamin Reilly (Murdoch University)
12:10 – 13:00 Discussion
13:00 – 14:00 Lunch (Mensa University of Zurich)
THURSDAY, 15 JUNE 2017
2
9:00 – 10:00 Welcome Address by Daniel Kübler, Director NCCR DemocracyKeynote Speech: Revisiting the populist challengeHanspeter Kriesi (European University Institute)
10:15 – 10:20 Introduction to the panel by Daniel Bochsler
10:20 – 10:32 Presence, representation and impact: how minority MPs affect policy outcomesMiriam Hänni (University of Konstanz)
10:33 – 10:45 When do MPs of immigrant origin talk about immigration?Laura Morales (University of Leicester)
10:45 – 11:30 Discussion
11:30 – 11:45 Coffee break
11:45 – 11:57 The diminishing value of minority representation: between group representation and individual career pathsNathalie Giger (University of Geneva), (co-authors: Stefanie Bailer, Christian Breunig & Andreas Wüst)
11:58 – 12:10 Political inclusion and powersharing in the Asia-PacificBenjamin Reilly (Murdoch University)
12:10 – 13:00 Discussion
13:00 – 14:00 Lunch (Mensa University of Zurich)
National Center of Competence in ResearchChallenges to Democracy in the 21st Century
14:15 –15:15 Keynote Speech: Electoral rules and ethnic and gender representationBernard Grofman (University of California, Irvine)
KO2-F-174
15:30 –18:00 Session II: Power-Sharing: How Inclusive and How Democratic?Chair: Daniel BochslerDiscussant: Bernard Grofman
15:30 –15:42 Kinder, gentler, safer? A new test of the relationship between consensus democracy and domestic terrorismMatthijs Bogaards (Central European University)
15:43 –15:55 The two faces of power-sharing - New comparative insights on the democratic effect of power-sharingAndreas Juon (University College London & University of Zurich) and Daniel Bochsler (University of Copenhagen & University of Zurich)
15.57 – 16.09 Pathways from power-sharingAllison McCulloch (Brandon University)
16:10 –17:10 Discussion
17:10 –17:30 Coffee break
17:30 –18:00 Capitalism and democracy: the impact of housing privatization on social capital in ChinaScott Desposato (University of California San Diego), (co-author: Gang Wang)Discussion Discussant: Tobias Rommel (University of Zurich)
3
PANEL 3: «POPULISM»KO2-F-175
10:15 –13:00 Session I: Definition and Cultural PerspectiveChair: Christian Schemer
10:15 – 10:40 Introduction: Measuring populismWerner Wirth (University of Zurich)
10:40 – 11:05 Populism and collective memory in western EuropeLuca Manucci (University of Zurich)
11:05 – 11:30 The populist‘s worldview: how populist citizens perceive mainstream media and public opinionAnne Schulz (University of Zurich)
11:30 – 11:50 Coffee break
11:50 – 12:15 Populism in the press: a comparative analysis of ten countriesSven Engesser (University of Zurich)
12:15 – 12:40 Populist or mediatized style? Determinants of colloquial, emotional and dramatized style of political communicationMartin Wettstein (University of Zurich)
12:40 – 13:00 Response by Hanspeter Kriesi
13:00 – 14:00 Lunch (Mensa University of Zurich)
4
9:00 – 10:00 Welcome Address by Daniel Kübler, Director NCCR DemocracyKeynote Speech: Revisiting the populist challengeHanspeter Kriesi (European University Institute)
KO2-F-180
PANEL 3: «POPULISM»KO2-F-175
10:15 –13:00 Session I: Definition and Cultural PerspectiveChair: Christian Schemer
10:15 – 10:40 Introduction: Measuring populismWerner Wirth (University of Zurich)
10:40 – 11:05 Populism and collective memory in western EuropeLuca Manucci (University of Zurich)
11:05 – 11:30 The populist‘s worldview: how populist citizens perceive mainstream media and public opinionAnne Schulz (University of Zurich)
11:30 – 11:50 Coffee break
11:50 – 12:15 Populism in the press: a comparative analysis of ten countriesSven Engesser (University of Zurich)
12:15 – 12:40 Populist or mediatized style? Determinants of colloquial, emotional and dramatized style of political communicationMartin Wettstein (University of Zurich)
12:40 – 13:00 Response by Hanspeter Kriesi
13:00 – 14:00 Lunch (Mensa University of Zurich)
National Center of Competence in ResearchChallenges to Democracy in the 21st Century
14:15–15:15 Keynote Speech: Electoral rules and ethnic and gender representationBernard Grofman (University of California, Irvine)
KO2-F-174
15:30 –18:00 Session II: Forms and Effects of Current PopulismChair: Martin Wettstein
15:30 – 15:55 Populist parties in Switzerland and their integration into the establishmentEdward Weber (University of Zurich)
15:55 – 16:20 Between polarization and democratic duty: How do competing parties encounter populism?Caroline Dalmus (University of Fribourg)
16:20 – 16:45 Does consistency matter? Perception and persuasiveness of value appeals in populist communicationDominique Wirz (University of Zurich)
16:45 – 17:00 Coffee break
17:00 – 17:25 Digital populism: the affinity between social media and parties’ populist communication strategiesNicole Ernst (University of Zurich)
17:25 – 17:50 The polarizing impact of news coverage on populist attitudes in the publicPhilipp Müller (University of Mainz)
5
9:00 – 10:00 Welcome Address by Daniel Kübler, Director NCCR DemocracyKeynote Speech: Revisiting the populist challengeHanspeter Kriesi (European University Institute)
KO2-F-180
9:00 – 10:00 Keynote Speech: A new transnational cleavage? Liesbet Hooghe (University of North Carolina Chapel Hill)
KO2-F-180
PANEL 2: «VARIETIES OF DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE BEYOND THE STATE»KO2-F-174
10:15 –13:00 Session I: Public Opinion and Media Reporting on Democratic Legitimacy Beyond the StateChair: Sandra Lavenex
10:15 – 10:35 International authority, democratic legitimacy, and citizen preferences for global politics: evidence from population-based survey experimentsTina Freyburg, Steffen Mohrenberg, Thomas Winzen, Christian Ewert, Sandra Lavenex, Daniel Kübler & Thomas Bernauer
10:35 – 10:55 How relevant are input and output performance to popular legitimacy of international governance?Thomas Bernauer, Vally Koubi & Steffen Mohrenberg (ETH Zurich)
10:55 – 11:10 Comments by Gary Marks
11:10 – 11.30 General discussion
11:30 – 11:45 Coffee break
11:45 – 12:05 How citizens’ views of democracy impact their evaluation of metropolitan governance arrangements: evidence from a comparative conjoint experiment Michael Strebel, Daniel Kübler (University of Zurich) & Frank Marcinkowski (University of Münster)
12:05 – 12:25 Deliberating about democratic preferences: citizen preferences for representative and participatory schemes of governanceAndré Bächtiger (University of Stuttgart)
FRIDAY, 16 JUNE 2017
6
9:00 – 10:00 Keynote Speech: A new transnational cleavage? Liesbet Hooghe (University of North Carolina Chapel Hill)
KO2-F-180
PANEL 2: «VARIETIES OF DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE BEYOND THE STATE»KO2-F-174
10:15 –13:00 Session I: Public Opinion and Media Reporting on Democratic Legitimacy Beyond the StateChair: Sandra Lavenex
10:15 – 10:35 International authority, democratic legitimacy, and citizen preferences for global politics: evidence from population-based survey experimentsTina Freyburg, Steffen Mohrenberg, Thomas Winzen, Christian Ewert, Sandra Lavenex, Daniel Kübler & Thomas Bernauer
10:35 – 10:55 How relevant are input and output performance to popular legitimacy of international governance?Thomas Bernauer, Vally Koubi & Steffen Mohrenberg (ETH Zurich)
10:55 – 11:10 Comments by Gary Marks
11:10 – 11.30 General discussion
11:30 – 11:45 Coffee break
11:45 – 12:05 How citizens’ views of democracy impact their evaluation of metropolitan governance arrangements: evidence from a comparative conjoint experiment Michael Strebel, Daniel Kübler (University of Zurich) & Frank Marcinkowski (University of Münster)
12:05 – 12:25 Deliberating about democratic preferences: citizen preferences for representative and participatory schemes of governanceAndré Bächtiger (University of Stuttgart)
National Center of Competence in ResearchChallenges to Democracy in the 21st Century
12:25 – 12:40 Comments by Gary Marks
12:40 – 13:00 General discussion
13:00 – 14:00 Lunch (Mensa University of Zurich)
14:15–15:15 Keynote Speech: Why populism is troubling for democratic communicationSilvio Waisbord (George Washington University)
KO2-F-175
15:30 –18:00 Session II: Institutionalizing Democratic Legitimacy Beyond the State and the Role of the MediaChair: Daniel Kübler
15:30 –15:50 Democratic anchorages and political authority: the case of Internet regulatorsChristian Ewert, Céline Kaufmann & Martino Maggetti (University of Lausanne)
15:50 –16:10 Parliamentary debate about the European Union: policy pressures, government responsibility, and partisan programmatic prioritiesThomas Winzen, Jofre Rocabert (ETH Zurich) & Rik de Ruiter (Leiden University)
16:10 –16:25 Comments by Arthur Benz
16:25 – 16:40 General discussion
16:40 –16:50 Coffee break
16:50 – 17:10 Democratic governance in transgovernmental networksTina Freyburg, Ciaran O’Flynn (University of St. Gallen), Ivo Krizic & Sandra Lavenex (University of Geneva)
17:10 – 17:30 Mining the mediatized accountability of new forms of governance at large scalesBruno Wüest, Gerold Schneider & Michael Amsler (University of Zurich)
17:30 – 17:45 Comments by Arthur Benz
17:45 – 18:00 General discussion
7
PANEL 4: «MEDIATIZATION»KO2-F-175
10:15 –12:45 Session I: Mediatization – Reflections on a ConceptChair: Florin Büchel
10:15 – 10:35 When news logic meets politics: a cross-national and cross-temporal investigation of key changes in public affairs coverageFrank Esser (University of Zurich)
10:35 – 10:55 Media logic in different types of news: a diachronic analysis in routine periods, election campaigns, and direct-democratic campaignsLinards Udris (University of Zurich)
10:55 – 11:15 General discussion with comments by Gianpietro Mazzoleni
11:15 – 11:45 Coffee break
11:45 – 12:05 News framing and mediatization in a changing communication landscapeClaes de Vreese (University of Amsterdam)
12:05 – 12:25 Are media logic and mediatization outdated concepts for the new digital media environment?Gianpietro Mazzoleni (University of Milan)
12:25 – 12:45 General discussion with comments by Robert Entman
13:00 – 14.00 Lunch (Mensa University of Zurich)
8
9:00 – 10:00 Keynote Speech: A new transnational cleavage? Liesbet Hooghe (University of North Carolina Chapel Hill)
KO2-F-180
National Center of Competence in ResearchChallenges to Democracy in the 21st Century
PANEL 4: «MEDIATIZATION»KO2-F-175
10:15 –12:45 Session I: Mediatization – Reflections on a ConceptChair: Florin Büchel
10:15 – 10:35 When news logic meets politics: a cross-national and cross-temporal investigation of key changes in public affairs coverageFrank Esser (University of Zurich)
10:35 – 10:55 Media logic in different types of news: a diachronic analysis in routine periods, election campaigns, and direct-democratic campaignsLinards Udris (University of Zurich)
10:55 – 11:15 General discussion with comments by Gianpietro Mazzoleni
11:15 – 11:45 Coffee break
11:45 – 12:05 News framing and mediatization in a changing communication landscapeClaes de Vreese (University of Amsterdam)
12:05 – 12:25 Are media logic and mediatization outdated concepts for the new digital media environment?Gianpietro Mazzoleni (University of Milan)
12:25 – 12:45 General discussion with comments by Robert Entman
13:00 – 14.00 Lunch (Mensa University of Zurich)
14:15 – 15:15 Keynote Speech: Why populism is troubling for democratic communicationSilvio Waisbord (George Washington University)
KO2-F-175
15:30 –17:45 Session II: Mediatization – Reflections on a ConceptChair: Frank Esser
15:30 – 15:50 Revisiting the methodology of mediatization researchJörg Matthes (University of Vienna)
15:50 – 16:10 Contagious mediatization: the case of German higher education governanceFrank Marcinkowski (University of Münster)
16:10 – 16:30 General discussion with comments by Silvio Waisbord
16:30 – 16:45 Coffee break
16:45 – 17:05 Mediatization of political socialization? Effects of news use on adolescents’ political knowledge, civic attitudes, political participationJudith Möller (University of Amsterdam)
17:05 – 17:25 The presentation of election campaigns in TV news. A typology of media-centered reporting stylesFlorin Büchel (University of Zurich)
17:25 – 17:45 General discussion with comments by Silvio Waisbord
9
PANELS
Panel 1 «Democracy and Inclusion»While an inclusive definition of the citizenry is a necessary pillar of virtually all concepts of
democracy, empirically democracies have mixed credentials when it comes to reducing political
and social inequalities. In the empirical world, democracy is closely associated with the rule
of the majority, which in plural societies can lead to the (permanent) exclusion of social mino-
rities from gaining decision-making power with regard to those issues of particular importance
to them. Western democracies tend to be biased toward the interests of the upper and middle
classes. In divided societies, the transition toward democracy spurs the risk of ethnic conflict.
Panel 2 «Varieties of Democratic Governance beyond the State»Globalization yields the proliferation of political spaces beyond the state. At the international
level, supranational and intergovernmental bodies have become increasingly relevant, and
trans-governmental networks have come to supplement classic multilateralism as loci of global
governance. Private corporations (such as rating agencies) set global standards that are increa-
singly influential for domestic policy making. At the subnational level, a new regionalism and
the emergence of metropolitan regions have come to challenge territorially based federalism or
decentralized state institutions. All these bodies have in common that they organize political
authority along functional rather than territorial lines. Insofar as these bodies take political au-
thority away from the liberal-democratic state, their proliferation necessarily raises the question
of their democratic legitimacy.
This workshop presents institutional analyses and papers addressing public perceptions of
democracy beyond the state and the role of the media in conveying the nexus between changing
governance modes and democracy. The main questions discussed are:
• What are the institutional configurations of democracy in governance bodies beyond the
state; how far and why do the latter democratize over time?
• What are citizens‘ perceptions and understandings of democracy, and how do these under-
standings relate to non-state governance bodies?
• How do media report about non-state governance and democracy?
• How are institutional features of governance bodies, media reporting, and citizens‘ under-
standing of democracy interlinked?
10
National Center of Competence in ResearchChallenges to Democracy in the 21st Century
Panel 3 «Populism»Populism has been called a consequence or a necessary element of, or even a specter haunting
current western democracies. In spite of this dissent in terms of normative classification, there
exists a broad consensus that research on populism and its various causes and effects is impor-
tant to an understanding of current politics. With strong populist parties rising and flowering
in western European countries, the in-depth investigation of populism and its role in political
systems and mediated political communication has become a central research subject in both
political and communication science. This panel focuses on analyses of populist ideology, its
measurement, causes, consequences, and normative discussion.
Panel 4 «Mediatization»The media are key to any attempt to understand the transformation of established democracies.
No political actor or institution can afford not to take the media into consideration given their
importance as a source of information for citizens. The media serve as a primary channel of
communication between citizens and policy makers, but also between the various parts of the
political system. The media can thus have a major influence on the formation of public opinion
and on the structure and processes of political decision-making.
Aspects addressed in this panel relate to questions such as: How can the relationship between
the media and politics be conceptualized in a contemporary democracy? What are relevant in-
dicators and methodological approaches? What are over-time trends? What are challenges and
