3.2 To what extent, if at all, did Hitlers rule benefit the people in Germany?

To what extent, if at all, did Hitlers rule benefit the people in Germany?

Hitlers Chancellor Speechhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Obx_miszsBM

Watch from 1.22 onwards

Why did many Germans vote for the Nazi Party?http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7urZxqxJzKw

To what extent, if at all, did Hitlers rule benefit the people in Germany?

BenefitImprove the standard of livingImprove the economic conditionsBringing political stability to GermanyPeople in GermanyGerman citizensSupporters of the Nazi PartyPeople who did not support the Nazi PartyJews and non-Jews (Aryans)Industrialists

JewsJews:Religion: Judaism-- Belief in only one God-- Spiritual leaders are known as rabbis-- Worship in synagogues

Kippah Men wear kippah to cover their heads as a show of respect to God.

Famous Jews

They are all JEWS yup.. The ones that Hitler detested and sought to eliminate when he was still alive..

If Hitler was still alive and had his way.These people would be:banned from parks, swimming pools and restaurants (1936)barred from studying in universities (1934)evicted from their homes for no reason and notice (1939)forced to sew a yellow Star of David on their outfits (1941)

German Jews being escorted to concentration camp by SS soldiers

Most well-known impact of Hitlers rule: HolocaustHolocaust extermination of Jews and other minority groups which Hitler considered to be racially impure.6 million Jews died because of this campaign.Did these people benefit from Hitlers rule?Why did the bystanders not try to help the German Jews?

1932 election results

The number of seats in the Reichstag won by the major parties in Nov 1932 electionsTotal number of seats: 584Nazis196Communists 100Social Democratic Party 121German Nationalist Party52Centre Party70Others45What does the table tell you about: The Nazis position in the Reichstag?The Nazis strongest rivals?

1932 elections: Nazi Party had most number of seats in the Parliament.

Hitler became the Chancellor in Jan 1933, start of the Third Reich (Third German Empire).

Although the Nazis were in power, they still faced political competition from other political parties such as the Communists.

Hitlers goal: to consolidate power! (increase power and authority of the Nazis.)

Hitler called for another election in March 1933, hoping to achieve full control of the Reichstag.

How did Hitler become the absolute dictator (Fuhrer) of Germany? (Political impact of Hitlers Rule)

What is a dictator?A person who?

27 Feb 1933: The Reichstag FireReichstag Fire: 27 Feb 1933Marinus van der Lubbe, a Dutchman, was arrested near the building that day.The Nazis accused him of being part of a communist conspiracy, and arrested him along with several leaders of the Communist Party.They were then charged with arson and attempting to overthrow the government. Hitler made full use of the Reichstag fire for his own benefit.

Reichstag Fire - Video

Claiming that Germany was facing grave danger, he convinced President Hindenburg to invoke Article 48 of the constitution and establish emergency powers.

He also convinced Hindenburg to sign the Reichstag Fire Decree.As such, civil rights and liberties such as freedom of the press, freedom to form societies or associations and freedom to assemble in public were suspended.Hitlers SA arrested communists, broke up their meetings and shut down their newspapers. Those who spoke against Hitler were also beaten up.

This greatly affected the election campaigns of the other political parties in preparation for the March 1933 elections.

Communist Party now out of the way!

Results of March 1933 elections654 seats in totalNazis288 German Nationalist Party52Centre Party74Social Democratic Party120Communists81

23 March 1933 the Enabling ActTo further strengthen his position of authority, Hitler now planned to pass the Enabling Act, which would enable him to pass laws without the Presidents approval.

On 23 March, when the Enabling Act was to be voted on, SA and SS men surrounded the building where the vote was to take place. Only Nazis and their supporters were allowed into the building.

The Enabling Act was therefore passed.

In addition, the Communist Party and the Social Democrat Party were banned from taking part in any future elections.

As a result, the Enabling Act greatly increased the political authority of Hitler and the Nazis in Germany..

One Party Rule, July 1933Hitler made use of the Enabling Act and passed a law making the Nazi Party the only legal political party in Germany. Soon after this, Nazi officials took charge of local governments in the individual states of the German federation. Trade unions were dissolved and their leaders were imprisoned. Anyone who stepped out of line was brutally dealt with by the SA and the SS. As a result, most of Hitlers political opponents were either sent to concentration camps or had fled Germany. Germany was now a one-party state with Hitler being its legal dictator.

June 1934 the Night of Long KnivesAs Hitler consolidated his power, it had been the SA which helped him in disrupting the meetings of other political parties and break up strikes. The SA was under the leadership of Ernst Roehm and there was nothing to suggest that Roehm was anything but loyal to Hitler.However, some others in the Nazi Party convinced Hitler that Roehm was indeed a threat to him.

SA LogoSA Recruitment PosterSA Uniform

SA: marching in Nrnberg, September 1933

Night of Long KnivesNight of Long Knives:

Hitler arrested Rohm and other SA leaders on the pretext of fake documents that the SA were planning a coup.

2 of Hitlers men asked at the reception desk to be taken to Rohm. They handed over a revolver to Rohm, who once again requested to speak to Hitler. They ordered him to shoot himself. If he did not comply, they would come back in 10 minutes and kill him. When the time was up, the men reentered the cell, and found Rohm standing with his chest bared. Immediately one of them shot him in the throat, and Rohm collapsed on the floor. Since he was still alive, he was killed with a shot point-blank through the temple.How Rohmmet his end

June 1934 Night of Long KnivesJune 1934: the SS arrested and killed Roehm and other SA leaders. This was known as the Night of Long Knives.

Hitler also made use of this opportunity to remove other political opponents who angered him, even though they had no connection with the SA.

An estimated 400 men were executed. Many more were arrested and imprisoned.

By doing so, Hitler had removed threats from within his party.

Creation of the Fuehrer position, Aug 1934President Hindenburg died on 2 August 1934.Instead of calling for new elections for the President, Hitler combined the posts of Chancellor and President and proclaimed himself Fuehrer, or supreme leader, of the German people.The merging of the offices of Chancellor and President meant that Hitler now had the authority to invoke Article 48, which he could not when he was merely the Chancellor.With the Enabling Act also leaving the powers of the President intact, Hitler was now above the law.

In addition, the German army was made to swear a personal oath of allegiance to Hitler instead of the German constitution.

Hitler had achieved total control of Germany.

Hitler also made use of this opportunity to eliminate other political leaders who opposed him. At least 200 people were executed. Many more were arrested and imprisoned. C) Threats to Hitler from within the Nazi Party were removed (p.105)

RecallWhat were the 4 events leading to Hitler becoming the absolute dictator of Germany? (Draw timeline)

Political PoliciesPositive EffectsNegative EffectsEmergency Powers & Reichstag Fire Decree

Enabling Act

One Party Rule

Political PoliciesPositive EffectsNegative EffectsEmergency Powers & Reichstag Fire Decree

Peoples civil rights such as freedom of expression, freedom to assemble peacefully and freedom to form associations or societies were suspended.Enabling Act

Dissolution of democracy in Germany as Hitler was able to pass laws without the Presidents ApprovalOne Party RuleIncreased political stability.

Germany became under the rule of a dictatorship system.

Overall evaluationHitlers political policies led to the crushing of political opposition and consolidated his authority and power as leader of Germany. The German people saw greater political stability but had their civil liberties suspended. Hitlers political policies ultimately benefitted Hitler more than the German people.

Death of Democracy!

**Get students to calculate percentage of Nazi Party**On the pretext of fake documents that the SA were planning a coup