Chap01 Science Answer Key

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Explore Activity: Observe wavebehavior, p. 7Before You Read, p. 7

MiniLAB: Comparing Sounds, p. 11Physics Integration, p.12

Health Integration, p.16Science Online, p.17

Activity: Waves on a Spring, p.18

MiniLAB: Observing How LightRefracts, p. 20Science Online, p.23Problem-Solving Activity: Can youcreate destructive interference?,p.23Visualizing Interference, p.24Activity: Wave Speed, pp.2627Science Stats: Waves, Waves, and

More Waves, pp.2829

Chapter Opener

Section 1 What are waves?

4 sessions

2 blocks

1. Explain the relationship among waves, energy, andmatter.

2. Describe the difference between transverse wavesand compressional waves.

Section 2 Wave Properties

4 sessions

2 blocks

1. Describe the relationship between the frequencyand wavelength of a wave.

2. Explain why waves travel at different speeds.

Section 3 Wave Behavior

5 sessions

2.5 blocks

1. Explain how waves can reflect from some surfaces.2. Explain how waves change direction when they

move from one material into another.3. Describe how waves are able to bend around

barriers.

See p.7T for aKey to Standards.

National ContentStandards: UCP5,

A1, B1, B3

National ContentStandards: UCP3,

A1,B3

National ContentStandards: UCP2,A1, B1, B3

National State/Local

Section/Objectives Standards Activities/Features

6A O CHAPTER 1 Waves

C H A P T E R WAV E S11
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Section Focus TransparencyTeaching Transparency

Interactive CD-ROM/DVDGuided Reading AudioProgram

Section Focus TransparencyInteractive CD-ROM/DVD

Guided Reading AudioProgram

Section Focus TransparencyInteractive CD-ROM/DVDGuided Reading Audio

Program

Chapter Resources BookletFoldables Worksheet,p. 15Directed Reading Overview,p. 17Note-taking Worksheets,

pp.3132

Chapter Resources BookletTransparency Activity,p. 42

MiniLAB, p.3Enrichment,p. 28Reinforcement,p. 25Directed Reading, p. 18

Transparency Activity,pp. 4546

Chapter Resources BookletTransparency Activity,p. 43

Enrichment,p. 29Reinforcement,p. 26Directed Reading, p. 19Activity Worksheet, pp.56Lab Activity, pp.911

Reading and Writing SkillActivities,p.33

Home and CommunityInvolvement, p.42

Chapter Resources BookletTransparency Activity,p. 44Enrichment,p. 30Reinforcement,p. 27Directed Reading,pp. 19, 20MiniLAB, p.4Lab Activity, pp.1314Activity Worksheet, pp.78

Lab Management and Safety,

p.65Mathematics Skill Activities,p.47

Portfolio

Activity,p. 10Performance

MiniLAB, p.11Skill Builder Activities, p. 12Content

Section Assessment, p. 12

Portfolio

Extension, p. 14

Science Journal, p. 16Performance

Skill Builder Activities, p. 17Content


Portfolio

Challenge, p. 25Performance

MiniLAB, p.20Problem-Solving Activity,p. 23Skill Builder Activities, p. 25Content


Explore Activity: clearplastic plate, a cork or straw,dropper, 1 cm water

MiniLAB: wooden ruler

Activity: long, coiled springtoy,5 cm colored yarn,

meterstick, stopwatch

MiniLAB: large, opaquedrinking glass or cup,water, white soda straw

Activity: coiled spring toy,stopwatch,meterstick, tape

CHAPTER 1 Chapter Organizer O 6B

Activity Materials Reproducible Resources Section Assessment Technology

C H A P T E R O R G A N I Z E R

Needmaterials?ContactScienceKitat1-800-828-7777orwww.sciencekit.comontheInternet.

Chapter Resources Booklet

Chapter Review,pp. 3536Chapter Tests, pp.3740

Standardized Test Practice byThe Princeton Review, pp.710

MindJogger Videoquiz

CD-ROM Explorations and Quizzes

Vocabulary Puzzle Makers

ExamView Pro Test Bank

Interactive Lesson Planner

Interactive Teachers Edition

Performance Assessment in the Science

Classroom (PASC)

End of Chapter Assessment

Blackline Masters Technology Professional Series
http://../ANC/O/O_CTrans.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_CTrans.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_CTrans.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_CTrans.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/RWSA1.pdfhttp://../ANC/RWSA1.pdfhttp://../ANC/RWSA1.pdfhttp://../ANC/HCI.pdfhttp://../ANC/HCI.pdfhttp://../ANC/HCI.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/LMSSC.pdfhttp://../ANC/LMSSC.pdfhttp://../ANC/MSA1.pdfhttp://../ANC/MSA1.pdfhttp://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://www.sciencekit.com/http://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_STP1.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_STP1.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_STP1.pdfhttp://../ANC/PASC.pdfhttp://../ANC/PASC.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_STP1.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_CTrans.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_CTrans.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_CTrans.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_CTrans.pdfhttp://../ANC/MSA1.pdfhttp://../ANC/LMSSC.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/HCI.pdfhttp://../ANC/RWSA1.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/PASC.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://../ANC/O/O_Chap1r.pdfhttp://www.sciencekit.com/


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Hands-on Activities

Laboratory ActivitiesActivity Worksheets

CopyrightGlencoe/McGraw-Hill,adivisionofthe

McGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.

Waves 5

Name Date Class

LabPreview

Directions: Answer these questions before you beginthe Ac tivity.

1. Why should you wear goggles when performing this activity?

2. How do you use yarnin this activity?

Wavesarerhythmicdisturbancesthatcarryenergythroughmatterorspace.Studyingwavescanhelpyou understandhowtheSunsenergyreachesEarthandsoundstravelthroughtheair.

WhatYoull InvestigateWhataresomeofthepropertiesof transverseandcompressionalwavesona coiledspring?

Materialslong,coiled springtoycoloredyarn(5cm)meterstickstopwatch

Goals Create transverseandcompressionalwavesona coiledspringtoy. Investigate wavepropertiessuchasspeedandamplitude.

SafetyPrecautions

CAUTION:Avoidover-stretchingortanglingthe springtoprevent damage.Procedure1. Workin pairsorgroupsandclearaplace

on an uncarpeted floor about 6 m 2 m.

2. Stretchthespringsbetweentwo peopletothelengthsuggestedbyyour teacher.Measurethelength.

3. Createa wavewithaquicksidewayssnapofthewrist.Timeseveralwavesastheytravelthelengthofthe spring.Recordtheaveragetimeinthe datatableintheDataandObservations section.

4. Repeatstep3 usingwavesthathaveslightlylargeramplitudes.

5. Squeezetogetherabout20of thecoils.Observe whathappens tothe unsqueezedcoils.Releasethecoilsandobserve.

6. Quicklypushthe springtowardyourpartner,thenpullitback.

7. Tietheyarnto acoilnearthe middleofthespring.Repeatstep7observingthestring.

Waves on a Spring

Hands-OnActivities

L2

CopyrightGlencoe/McGraw-Hill,adivisionofthe

McGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.

Waves 13

Name Date Class

Wavesenableyoutoseethispageandtohearvoices.Wavescarryenergyfromoneplacetoanotherwithoutcarrying matter.Wavesoftenbounceoff objects(reflection),changedirectionwhentheytravel fromonemedium toanother (refraction),andspread aroundbarriers(diffraction).

StrategyYouwillsimulatethebehaviorsofwaves.You will observe and study how waves reflect,refract,and diffract.

Materialsrectang ular , cl earp l ast ic s to rag eb o x g l as s p l atewood block (15 cm 3 cm 7 c m) s up po rt c li ps f or g la ss p la te ( 4)

t ou se a sw ave ge ne ra tor pa ra ff in bl ock ( 4 cm 4 cm 1 cm)steel barrier(1 m 4 cm 1 cm)paraffinblocks,2 (10cm 6 cm 1cm)

Procedure1. Filltheboxwithwatertoa depthof3cm.

2. Holdthewoodenblockin thewatersothatitisjusttouchingthebottomnearoneendoftheboxand isparallelwiththesideofthebox.Lifttheblockoutofthewater.This entiremotionshould take about1 s.Repeatthemotionuntilyoucanproduceuniformwaves.

3. Once you are satisfied thatyou canproduceuniformwaves,setupthe othersimulationsasillustratedinthediagrams.Eachsimulationwilltake at least5 min.Duringthatperiodof time,observethewavesand theirbehavior.

4. Afteryouhavefinishedthesimulations,answerthe followingquestions.

Laboratory

Activities22

Hands-OnActivitiesWave Reflection, Refraction, and

Diffraction

QuestionsandConclusions

SimulationA1. Describethebehaviorof thewavesbeforeandaftertheyreflectedfromthesteelbarrier.

2. Changetheangleofthebarrierandrepeat..Whathappenstothedirectionofthereflectedwaves?

SimulationB3. Whenthewavespassedovertheglassplate,theyenteredshallowerwater.Whathappenedto

their speed?

4. Thechangeinspeedsimulateswhathappenswhenawavepassesfromonemediumintoanother.Howwasthedirectionof thewaveaffected?

5. Thechangeindirectionofa wavewhenitpassesfromonemediumintoanotheriscalledrefraction,and the line drawnperpendicular tothe edge ofthe plate is called the normal.Didthewaterwavesbendawayfromthenormalor towardit whentheypassedovertheplate?

L2

Hands-on Activities

Transparencies

Section Focus

Waves

Surfingmayseem likeafairlynew sport,butitsnot.Infact,people

thinkthereweresurfersin Hawaiiin the1400s.WhenCaptainCook

landedin theHawaiianIslandsin1778,he wasgreetedbyanislanderon a surfboard!

Ride the wave!Section FocusTransparency11

1. Namesomedifferentkindsof waves.

2. Whenwavestravelthrougha medium,is anymaterialmoved

along?Illustrateyouranswerwith anexample.

3. Whattypeof wavesdo notrequireamediumfor travel?

7Chapter

CopyrightGlencoe/McGraw-Hill,adivisionoftheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.

L2Waves

Visible light and ultraviolet (UV) radiation both come from the

Sun. UV radiation causes eye damage,skin cancer, and burns skin.

Visible light and UV radiation are the same type of wave;thedifference between the two is their wavelengths.

The Suns Radiant EnergiesSection FocusTransparency22

1. HowarevisiblelightandUV radiationthesame?

2. Howcanyouprotectyourselffrom theharmfulconsequencesofUVradiation?

7Chapter


L2Waves

Artistsworkwithallkindsof materials,sowhynot water?This

imagewasmadebyplacinganobstacleinthe waterand generating

waves.As wavesreach the obstacle,they movethrough the holes.

Wave ArtSection FocusTransparency33

1. Describewhatis happeningin thispicture.

2. Whatwouldhappento thewavepatternifbothholeswereplugged?

3. Doyouthinksoundwavesdiffractina similarfashion?Givean

examplethat illustratesyour answer.

7Chapter


L2

Transparencies

TeachingAssessment

Waves

CopyrightGlencoe/

McGraw-Hill,adivisionoftheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.

Directions: Carefullyreviewthegraphandanswer thefollowingquestions.

Waves

1. Accordingtothesedata,whichtypeof animalmighthear afew

soundswithfrequencieslowerthan10Hertz?A Bat B Dog C Grasshopper D Human

2. Accordingtothe graph,whichtypeof animalhas thesmallest

hearing range?

F Bat G Cat H Dolphin J Grasshopper

3. Abouthowmuchgreateris thehighestfrequencyofsoundthatcatscanhearthanthehighestfrequencyof soundthatdogscanhear?

A 200Hertz C 20,000HertzB 2,000Hertz D 200,000Hertz

4. Accordingtothis information,whichtype ofanimalcanhearsoundswithfrequencieshigherthan100,000Hertz?

F Bat H DolphinG Cat J Human

Assessment

Transparency

Optimal Hearing Range of Animals

Grassh

oppe

rBa

tCa

tDo

g

Dolph

in

Huma

n

10

100

1,000

10,000

100,000

Hertz

Type of Animal

7Chapter

L2Waves

CopyrightGlencoe/

McGraw-Hill,adivisionoftheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.

Compression and Rarefaction

Compression

Rarefaction

Compression

Molecules

that

makeup

air

Teaching

Transparency11 7

Chapter

L2

The following designations will help youdecide which activities are appropriatefor your students.

Level 1 activities should beappropriate for students withlearning difficulties.

Level 2 activities should be withinthe ability range of all students.

Level 3 activities are designed forabove-average students.

ELL activities should be withinthe ability range of EnglishLanguage Learners.

Cooperative Learningactivities are designedfor small group work.

Multiple Learning Styles logosare used throughout to indicatestrategies that address different

learning styles.

These strategies represent studentproducts that can be placed intoa best-work portfolio.

P

LS

COOP LEARN

ELL

L3

L2

L1

Key to Teaching Strategies

This is a representation of key

blackline masters available in theTeacher Classroom Resources. See

Resource Manager boxes within the

chapter for additional information.

6C O CHAPTER 1 Waves
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R E S O U R C E M A N A G E R

Spanish Directed Reading


Name Date Class

Waves 21

MeetingIndividualNeeds

SinopsisOndas

Instrucciones: Usalos siguientes trminos paracompletar elmapaconcep tual.

e ne rg a on da st ra ns ve rs al es o nda sm ec n ic as

amplitud longitud de onda freqcuencia

Instrucciones: Completalas siguientes oraciones usandoel trminocorre cto.

7. Cuando una onda choca contra un medio y cambia de direccin,se conoce

como ____________________.

8. La capacidad de dos ondas de combinarse y traslaparse se llama

____________________.

9. Un eco es un e jamplo de una onda sonora ____________________.

10. La desviacin de las ondas alrededor de un obstculo se conoce como

____________________.

atravsdelespa-cioenformade

transportan pueden describirse por sus

1.

Lasondas

ondaselectromag-nticas

quepuedenser

2.

3. ondasdecompresin

4. 5.

6.

de de de

propiedades

atravsdela ma-teriaenformade

Lectura Dirigida para la

Maestradel Contenido

L1

Enrichment

28 Waves


Name Date Class

Seismic Waves

WavesthattransferenergythroughEarthare seismicwaves.TheyoccurwhenenergythathasbeenbuildingupinsideEarthisreleased.Sudden motioncauses shockwavesthatradiateoutformtheareaofrupture.ThemovementofpartsofEarthas thesewavestravel is called an earthquake.Seismic wavesdo not travel symmetrically in all directions.

Therearetwo maintypesof seismicwaves:longitudinalwavescalledP(Primary)waves andS(Secondary)orshearwaves.Primary wavespro-ducegroundmotionback andforthin thedirec-tionof wavetravel.Secondarywavesvibratethegroundperpendicularto thedirectionof travel.

Seismic waves are not all alike.How fartheytraveland howintensetheyare dependontwothings.Oneishowmuchenergyisreleased.Theotheristhekindof materialthewavepassesthrough.Materialscanvaryintermsofdepth,thetypeofrockthatspre-sent,andthesoilconditions.Asseismicwavestravel fartherfrom the rupture,they becomelessintense.Nearthesitewheretheshifttakesplace,alargeamountofenergythatisreleasedproduces shocks,jolts,and roaringnoise.Farther away,the movementbecomesmorerolling and the sound becomes morelikearumble.

Enrichment11

Directions: Answer the following questions using complete se ntences.

1. Areseismicwavesmechanicalorelectromagneticwaves?Areseismicwavestransverseorcom-pressionalwaves?

2. Whydoyouthinkan earthquakeisaccompaniedbynoise?

P S L

Primarywaves Secondary

waves

Long (surface)waves

L3

Meeting Different Ability Levels

Directed ReadingReinforcementContent Outline

CopyrightGlencoe/McGraw-Hill,adivisionoftheMcGraw-Hill

Companies,Inc.

Name Date Class

Waves 31

Waves

Se cti on 1 Wh ata r e w ave s?

A. Rhythmicdisturbancesthatcarryenergywithoutcarryingmatterarecalled______________.

B. Molecules ___________________waveenergywithoutthemselvesmoving,likealineof

people passing a ball.

C. ____________________ waves usemattertotransferenergy.

1. Ina____________________ wave, thewaveenergycausesthematterinthe mediumto

moveupanddownor backandforthatrightanglestothedirectionthewavetravels.

2. Ina____________________________,matterin themediummovesforwardandback-

ward in the same direction the wavetravels.

D. _______________ waves are compressional waves caused bycolliding airmolecules

transferringenergyto eachother.

E. _________________________ waves transferenergy withoutusing matter;transverse waves

thatareproducedby electricallychargedparticles.

Section 2 WaveProperties

A. ___________________ameasureofhowhighcrestsare;thegreatertheamplitude,the

moreenergya wavecarries

B. Thedistancefromthetopof onecresttothetopof thenextoneorfromthebottomofone

troughto thebottomof thenextoneiscalled____________________.

C. ___________________numberofwavelengthspassingagivenpointpersecond

1. Longerwavelengthsresultin_________________ frequencies.

2. ________________ frequenciesresult inshorter wavelengths.

3. _______________and__ _____________resultfromwavelengthsand frequenciesof light

andsound.

D. Wave_______________howfastawavetravelsthrougha medium

1. Mechanicalwavestravelfasterina mediuminwhichatomsare________________

together.

2. Electromagnetic waves travel faster in a medium with _______________atomsinit.


Note-taking

Worksheet

CopyrightGlencoe/McGraw-Hill,adivisionoftheMcGraw-Hill

Companies,Inc.

Name Date Class

Waves 25

Directions: Write the kind or kinds of waves mechanical, electromagnetic, transverse,orcompressionalthat apply to each term or description.

1. hasareaswhereparticlesarespreadout

2. waterwaves

3. Xrays

4. transferenergybutnotmatter

5. has peaks and valleys

6. cantravelonlythrougha medium

7. can travel through a vacuum

8. mattermoves insame directionas wavetravels

9. mattermoves atright angles todirection wavetravels

Directions:Studyeach ofthe followingdiagrams. Thenlabel eachone andgive anexample ofeach kindof wave.

What are waves?


Reinforcement11

14.

15.

11.

10.

13. Example:

17. Example:

A.

B.

12. wave

16. wave


Name Date Class

Waves 17

Content

Mastery

OverviewWaves

Directions: Use the following terms tocomplete the conceptmap below.

e nergy transve rse wa ves mechanical wa ves

amplitude wavelength frequency


Directions: Complete the following sentences using the correctte rms.

7. When a wave hits a new medium and changes direction,it is called

____________________.

8. When two waves meet and overlap it is called ____________________.

9. An echo is an example of sound wave ____________________.

10. The bending of waves around a barrier is called ____________________.

throughspaceas

carry can be desribed by

1.

Waves

electromagneticwaves

throughmatteras

whichcanbe

2.

3. compression

waves

4. 5.

6.

of of of

properties

Meeting Different Ability Levels

L2 L2 L1

Chapter Tests


Name Date Class

Waves 37

Chapter

Test

Waves

I. TestingConcepts

Directions: For eachof the following, write the letter of the termor phrase thatbest completes the sentence.

1. Wavescan______whenthey movefromonemediumtoanother.a. disappear b. interfere c. bend d. split

2. A(n)___ ___wave DOESNOT needmatterforenergytransfer.a. electromagnetic b. mechanical c. compressional d. sound

3. Ina mechanical______wave,mattermovesatarightangletothe wavedirection.a. compressional b. transverse c. light d. electromagnetic

4. The speed ofsound inwateris ______the speed ofsound inair.a. greaterthan b. lessthan c. equalto d. notgreaterthan

5. Aregionofspread-outparticlesin acompressionalwaveis calleda(n)______.a. compression b. rarefaction c. interference d. medium

6. Waves cancombine witheach other;this is called ______.a. interference b. waveaddition c. compression d. rarefaction

7. Wavefrequencyis the______ofwavespassingagivenpointpersecond.a. amplitude b. wavelength c. speed d. number

8. Ina(n)______wave,mattermovesbackand forthinthesamedirectionas thewave.a. compressional b. transverse c. light d. electromagnetic

9. The action ofa wavebouncing off asurface is called ______.a. rarefaction b. refraction c. reflection d. diffraction

10. Amplitudereflectstheamountof______in awave.a. energy b. compression c. rarefaction d. speed

11. A(n)______isthedistancebetweena pointononewaveandthe identicalpointonthenextwave.a. amplitude b. wavelength c. frequency d. compression

12. The______ofwavescanchangewhenthewavesmovefromonemediumtoanother.a. altitude b. amplitude c. speed d. compression

13. Amechanicalwavecantravelonlythrough______.a. air b. water c. matter d. a vacuum

14. The action ofa wave bending around a barrier is called ______.a. reflection b. diffraction c. refraction d. rarefaction

15. Forsignificant______tooccur,thewavelengthsshouldmatchthesizeoftheopen-ingtheyarepassingthrough.a. reflection b. diffraction c. refraction d. rarefaction

Assessment

L2

Chapter ReviewTest Practice Workbook

L2


Name Date Class

Waves 35

Chapter

Review

Waves

PartA. VocabularyReview

Directions: Matchthe terms inColumnII withthe definitions in ColumnI. Write the let ter of the correct terminthe blank atthe left.

ColumnI

1. Squeezingagroupofparticlesina wave

2. Atransverseor compressionalwavethatcantravelonly throughmatter

3. Thematterthroughwhichawavetransfersenergy

4. Awavebendsaroundabarrier

5. Amechanical waveinwhichmattermoves atright angles tothe wavedirection

6. Awavein whichmattermovesbackandforthin the direction the waveis moving

7. Awavethatdoesntrequiremattertotransferenergy

8. Aregionofspread-outparticlesinawave

9. Thedistancefromthecrestortroughofa wavetothe rest position

10. The action ofa wavebouncing off an object

11. Thenumberofwavespassinga givenpointper second

12. Theproductofwavelengthandfrequency

13. Acombinationofwavesformasmallerwave

14. Acombinationofwavesformalargerwave

15. Arhythmicdisturbancethatcarriesenergy

16. Awavebendsasit movesfromonemediumtoanother

17. The distance betweenapointon awaveand theidenticalpointonthenextwave

ColumnII

a. amplitude

b. compression

c. compressionalwave

d. diffraction

e. electromagnetic wave

f. frequency

g. constructiveinterference

h. destructiveinterference

i. mechanical wave

j. medium

k. wavespeed

l. rarefaction

m.reflection

n. refraction

o. transversewave

p. wave

q. wavelength

Assessment

L2

AssessmentAssessment

CHAPTER 1 Resource Manager O 6D
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the waves interfere. The ratios of the frequen-cies of the tones determine whether or not theyare pleasing.

Wave Behavior

ReflectionTh e ang le of in ciden ce (th eincoming wave angle) equals the

angle of reflection (the outgoing wave angle).This is known as the law of reflection. Theangles of incidence and reflection are measuredrelative to a line drawn perpendicular to thereflecting surface. Diffuse reflection occurs asthe light bounces at different angles from

uneven surfaces. Diffuse reflection makes theuneven surfaces appear dull.

RefractionIn the case of light waves, a constant called asubstances index of refraction is the speed oflight in a vacuum divided by the speed of lightin the substance. The index of refraction givesthe ratio between the sine of the angle of inci-dence and the sine of the angle of refraction.

Refraction can be beneficial. For example,eyeglasses and contact lenses correct vision byrefracting light rays so that they focus properlyon the retina of the eye. Binoculars, micro-scopes, and telescopes also utilize refraction toproduce magnified images of small objects andobjects at great distances.

DiffractionThe phenomenon called diffraction occurs aswaves bend around barriers or spread throughapertures. Diffraction of light can producefringes (a series of bright and dark lines) aslight waves bend around the edges of objectssuch as razor blades, diffraction gratings, or theteeth of a comb. The fringes, which can be seen

on a screen, are a series of constructive anddestructive interference patterns. As the lightpasses through the aperture, each point on theaperture can be considered a new point source


6E O CHAPTER 1 Waves

What are waves?

What is a wave?Electromagnetic waves have adual nature. In describing their

emission from matter or absorption by matter,

they are best described as particles, usuallycalled photons. During their propagation, theyare best described as waves. In electromagnetic

waves, which are always transverse, electric andmagnetic fields oscillate perpendicular to thedirection the waves travel.

Wave Properties

Wave MovementsWaves travel outward from anenergy source. If a rock is

thrown into a pond, energy traveling outwardfrom the center is seen as waves, dampening(decreasing in amplitude) as they move throughthe molecules of water. The wave will movethrough one complete cycle in one wavelength.

The period (T) of a wave is the time it takes

one wavelength to pass a fixed point. A wavesperiod is the reciprocal of its frequency.Light waves are electromag-

netic waves. Visible light has arange of wavelengths betweenabout 400 nm and 700 nm. Weknow the elements present instars by the wavelengths of lightthey emit, which are detected by

spectroscopes.The speed of light in a vacuum

is constant at about 3 108 m/s.Michelson and Morley accuratelymeasured the speed of light byreflecting light rays from a moun-

taintop to a rotating mirror.The amplitude of a sound wave determines

its sound intensity, or how loud it is. The more

sound energy generated, the louder the sound.Two or more tones produced at the same timeproduce unpleasant (dissonant) or pleasant(harmonious) sounds, depending on the way

11S E C T I O N

33S E C T I O N

Massive bodies have strong gravita-tional fields.If these bodies undergosome sort of regular motion,oscillations in their gravity fieldscan,according to theory,bedetected.Scientists are currentlytrying to develop methods ofdetecting these gravity waves.

22

S E C T I O N


6/34CHAPTER 1 Helping You Prepare O 6F

H E L P I N G Y O U P R E P A R E

of light, a concept known as Huygens princi-ple. The light reaching a particular point onthe screen comes from different points on theaperture, and thus has traveled different dis-tances to the screen. The interference patternsare produced because at different points thephases of the waves add constructively ordestructively.

Wave InterferenceSound waves can be made to interfere con-structively or destructively as they reflect froma curved wall or a curved backdrop in a concerthall. Much planning and great expense goesinto designing the acoustics in a fine perfor-mance hall.

Seismic waves are produced by energytraveling through the material medium ofEarth. Seismic waves are of three typesS, P,and L. S-waves (secondary waves) are trans-

verse or shear, and cannot travel through fluids.

For additional content background on thistopic, go to the Glencoe Science Web siteat science.glencoe.com.

BarryL.

Runk/GrantHeilmanPhotography,

Inc.

CHAPTER 1 Helping You Prepare O 6F

These seismic waves reflectoff the fluid outer core ofEarth. P-waves, or primary

waves, are compressional, orlongitudinal, waves. They maypass through all of Earthsmaterials and are detected first.L-waves are seismic waves thatoccur along Earths surface.

They cause up-down and rollingmotions on the surface, which is

why they are so destructive.

The rainbow pattern seen on theback of compact disks is a diffrac-tion pattern that results from thegrooves on the disk and the differ-ent wavelengths of visible light.
http://science.glencoe.com/http://science.glencoe.com/http://science.glencoe.com/http://science.glencoe.com/http://science.glencoe.com/


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C H A P T E R 11Waves

Chapter Vocabularywavemechanical wavetransverse wavecompressional waveelectromagnetic waveamplitudewavelengthfrequencyreflectionrefractiondiffractioninterference

What do you think?

Science Journal The filters shown arepolarizing filters. These filters allow only

light waves that vibrate in a specificdirection to pass through them.Waves inordinary light vibrate in all directions.

On a breezy day in Maui,

Hawaii,windsurfers ride the

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