Chapter 1 history of lodging industry

History of the Hospitality Industry

Copyright © 2012 by C & E Publishing Inc. and Buen Santos

History of the Hospitality Industry

OverviewThe history of the hospitality industry dates all

the way back to the Colonial Period in the late 1700s. Things have changed quite a bit since then; the hospitality industry has experienced significant development over the years as it has faced World Wars, The Depression and various social changes. The industry as we know it today began to take form in the early 1950s and 60s, leading the way for growth into the dynamic industry we know today.

Goal To understand the factors that influenced the

development of the hospitality industry.Copyright © 2012 by C & E Publishing Inc. and Buen Santos

Objectives

At the end of this lesson students will be able to:Define hospitality and describe its

characteristicsIdentify and describe the characteristics of

various historical periodsIdentify the multiple factors influencing the

hospitality industryChronicle the developments in the hospitality

industry (from early beginnings to present)


Hospitality

• From the French word “hospice”– to provide for the weary– take care of those traveling


Early Hospitality

• Greek/Roman culture– Noted as early as 40 BC– Social and religious purposes

• Roman businessmen traveled• Romans were the first

pleasure travelers• After fall of roman empire,

public hospitality fell to religious orders


Medieval Period

• English travelers• Inns were actually

private homes• Nobility stayed in

monasteries• Stagecoach became

favored transportation


Colonial Period

• Public coach– Put into effect around 1650

• Coach inns– Built along routes

• Inns – A sleeping accommodations (a

facility in which food and drink were served and a shelter for both the drivers and horses)


Renaissance Period(16th Century)

• High demand for inns and taverns• 1st hotel - Hotel de Henry IV 1788

– built at cost of $17,500– 60 beds

• Coffee houses


The French Revolution

• Changed the course of culinary history

• Auguste Escoffier– brigade system

• M. Boulanger– “father of modern restaurant”– called soup he sold “restorantes”

• Revolution caused some of the chefs to come to the New World


The New World(18th & Early 20th Century)

• Introduction of railroads• Depot hotels

– Began to arise in the early 1800s. Most cases hotels were located in train stations.

• Transportation and Lodging could not be separated


The New World(Late 18th & Early 20th Century)

• Spas and resorts– Believed to be medicinal or healthful

• Saratoga Springs – Famous spa in New York

• Famous spas:– Spa at Baden, Germany– Marienbad, Bohemia– Vichy, France



• Famous resorts:– French Rivera– Homestead in Hot Springs– Niagara Falls, the Canadian

Horseshoe falls– Greenbrier, White Sulfur Spring

Resorts in West Virginia



• Thomas Cook (1841)– An English man– Considered as the 1st travel agent

taking groups of North Americans in 1856 to hotels on his “Cook’s Tour of Europe”



• Tremont Hotel– Opened in Boston in 19th century– 1st luxury hotel– Boasted the 1st toilets and private

bedrooms with locks on door



• Cesar Ritz (1889)– Famous Swiss hotelier– Manager of the Savoy in London

• Tremont Hotel– Opened in Boston in 19th century– 1st luxury hotel– Boasted the 1st toilets and private

bedrooms with locks on doorCopyright © 2012 by C & E Publishing Inc. and Buen Santos


• Ellsworth Milton Statler – Opened his 1st hotel in Buffalo, New

York in 1907

• Conrad Hilton– “King of Innkeepers”– Opened his 1st hotel in Texas, the

Mobley in 1919– Dallas Hilton (1925)– Hilton bought the Statler Chain in

1954Copyright © 2012 by C & E Publishing Inc. and Buen Santos


• John Willard Marriot Sr.– Founder of the Marriot hotel chain

• Kemmon Wilson – Founder of Holiday Inn– Opened the 1st Holiday Inn Motel in

Memphis in 1952– Holiday Inn went international in

1960



• Tourist courts– Automobile led the hotel industry

into a booming business in 1920’s

• Motel– Coined from “motor hotel”– 10 feet by 10 feet wooden cabins– Owners of these motels expanded

to 15 cabins and then called as “tourist courts”


Nineteenth Century

• 1898 Savoy Hotel opened in London– General Manager was Cesar

Ritz– Chef was Auguste Escoffier

• Delmonico’s in New York City– expensive– 1827 - 1923– Bilingual menu


Advent of Air Travel(The 20th Century)

• Air Travel– It was made available to masses

• Conventions and Conferences– Became an integral part of

successful of commerce– Business traveler became the most

important lodging guests


Twentieth Century Restaurants

• 1921 White Castle• 1927 Howard Johnsons• 1927 Marriott Hot Shoppe• 1965 TGI Friday’s• 1982 Chili’s


http://www.whitecastle.com/

http://www.hojo.com/

http://www.tgifridays.com/

http://www.brinker.com/

The Industry Today

• Campgrounds– Appeal to travelers who prefer to

commune with nature while on vacation

• Treetops– Located in Africa, features rooms in

a huge tree from which guests can watch wild animals feed at night


The Industry Today

• Capsule Hotel, Kapuseru Hoteru– Hotel system in Japan of extremely

dense occupancy– 1st Capsule Hotel was in Osaka


Date post:	15-Jan-2015
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