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Chapter 1
Introduction to Organizational Behavior
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OB studies what people do in an organization and how that behavior affects the performance of the organization.
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Effective manager vs. successful manager
Management duties• What managers do
• Management roles
• Management skills
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Management functions
Planning
Organizing
Leading
Controlling
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Management functions
Interpersonal roles
Informational roles
Decisional roles
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Management skills
Technical skills
Human skills
Conceptual skills
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Goals of Organizational Behavior
Explain, predict, and control human behavior
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The field of OB seeks to replace intuitive explanations with
systematic study
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What other knowledge help us understand OB?
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Psychology seeks to measure,explain,
and change behavior
Sociology studies people in relation to their
fellow human beings
Social psychologyfocuses on the
influence of peopleon one another
Anthropology is the study of societies
to learn about human beings and their activities
Political science is the study of the
behavior of individuals and groups within
a political environment
Contributing Disciplines
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OB Model
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Dependent variable
Things which will be affected by OB • Productivity
• What factors influence the effectiveness and efficiency of individuals
• Absenteeism
• Absenteeism is not all bad
• Having too high employee absent rate will affect productivity
• Turnover
• Not all turnover is bad
• High turnover rate…in some degree affect productivity, particularly 4 the hospitality inducstry
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• Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)• No one will want to pick up the slack
• No one would want to walk extra miles to achieve the goals.
• Job satisfaction• Unhappy employees…what else can you say?
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Organizational citizenship
Discretionary behavior Not part of an employee's formal job
requirements Promotes the effective functioning of the
organization
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Examples of Organizational Citizenship
Helping others on one's work team Volunteering for extra job activities Avoiding unnecessary conflicts Making constructive statements about
one's work group and the overall organization
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Independent variables
Individual variables• Age, gender, personality, emotion, values, attitude,
ability
• Perception, individual decision making, learning, and motivation
Group variables• Norm, communication, leadership, power, politics
Organization system variables• Organizational culture, HR practices
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Challenges and Opportunities for OB
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Typical employee is getting older More women and minorities in the workplace Global competition is requiring employees to
become more flexible Historical loyalty-bonds that held many
employees to their employers are being severed
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Responding to Globalization
Increased Foreign Assignments Working with People from Different
Cultures Coping with Anti-Capitalism Backlash Overseeing Movement of Jobs to
Countries with Low-cost Labor
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Managing DiversityWorkforce diversity -
organizations are becoming a more
heterogeneous mix of people in terms of gender, age, race,
ethnicity, and sexual orientation
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Diversity Implications
Managers have to shift their philosophy from treating everyone alike to recognizing differences and responding to those differences in ways that ensure employee retention and greater productivity.
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OB Insights
Improving People Skills Improving Customer Service Empowering People Working in Networked Organizations Stimulating Innovation and Change
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OB Insights
Coping with “Temporariness” Helping Employees Balance Work/Life
Conflicts Declining Employee Loyalty Improving Ethical Behavior