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1
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Njrpa fzf;fPLfspd; ntspaPl;bidAk; jhkjkhf;fpAs;sJ.
3.4 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020,d; xj;jfhyj;jpy;
3.9 rjtPjj;jpw;F mjpfhpj;jJld; ngz;fspd;
njhopypd;ik tPjk; Kd;ida Mz;bd; njhlh;ghd
fhyg;gFjpapd; 7.2 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020,d;
Kjyiuapy; 8.9 rjtPjj;jpw;F mjpfhpj;jJ. 20-
29 Mz;Lfs; taJila ,isQh;fspilNaahd
njhopypd;ik tPjk; Kd;ida Mz;bd; xj;j
fhyj;jpd; 14.8 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020,d;
Kjyiuapy; 18.5 rjtPjj;jpw;F cah;tile;jJ.
NkYk; f.ngh.j cah;juk; my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l
fy;tpj; jifikAila ngz;fs; kj;jpapyhd
njhopypd;ik tPjkhdJ 2019,d; Kjyiuapd; 12.3
rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020 Kjyiuapy; 14.5 rjtPjj;jpw;F
cah;tile;jJ. mNjNtisapy; njhopw;gilg;
gq;Nfw;G tPjkhdJ Kd;ida Mz;bd; njhlh;ghd
fhyg;gFjpapd; 52.6 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020,d;
Kjyiuapy; 50.6 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwtile;jJ.
Mz;fspd; njhopw;gilg; gq;Nfw;G tPjk; 2019
Kjyiuapd; 73.4 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020,d; xj;j
fhyg;gFjpapy; 72.1 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwtile;j
mNjNtisapy; ngz;fspd; njhopw;gilg; gq;Nfw;G
tPjk; Kd;ida Mz;bd; xj;j fhyg;gFjpapy;
gjpTnra;ag;gl;l 34.7 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020,d;
Kjyiuapy; 32.0 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwtile;jJ.
2020,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; njhopYs;Nshh;
Fbj;njhifapy; Ntshz;ik> ifj;njhopy; kw;Wk;
gzpfs; Jiwfspy; njhopypy;tha;g;Gfs; KiwNa
26.8 rjtPjk;> 27.0 rjtPjk; kw;Wk; 46.2 rjtPjj;jpw;F
tif$Wgitahff; fhzg;gl;ld. fhyhz;bd;
kjpg;gPLfisg; nghWj;jtiuapy; 2020,d;
tiuglk; 1.2
fhyhz;L cz;ik nkhj;j cs;ehl;L
cw;gj;jpapd; tsHr;rpapd; gq;fspg;G (Mz;Lf;fhz;L)
Ntshz;ik
2017 - fh1
2017 - fh2
2017 - fh3
2017 - fh4
2018 - fh1
2018 - fh2
2018 - fh3
2018 - fh4
2019 - fh1
2019 - fh2
2019 - fh3
2019 - fh4
2020 - fh1
ifj;njhopy; gzpfs; nkhj;j
cs;ehl;L
cw;gj;jp
khdpaq;fs;
fopj;j tupfs;
rjtPjk;
%yk;: njhif kjpg;G kw;Wk; Gs;sptpguj; jpizf;fsk;
6
4
2
0
-2
-4
11
5
nghJNehf;F
Kjw;fhyhz;by; 5.7 rjtPjkhff; kjpg;gplg;gl;l
njhopypd;ik tPjk; ,uz;lhk; fhyhz;by;
5.4 rjtPjkhff; Fiwtile;J nghUshjhu
eltbf;iffs; mjpfstpy; Nkhrkilahky;
,Ug;gij vLj;Jf;fhl;LfpwJ.
y czTg; gztPf;fj;jpy; mbf;fbahd mjpfhpg;G
,Ue;jNghjpYk;> 2020,d; ,Jtiuahd
fhyg;gFjpapy; gztPf;fj;ij 4-6 rjtPj
tPr;rpw;Fs; Ngzpaikf;F ke;jkhd Nfs;tp
epiyikfs; kw;Wk; ed;F cWjpepiyg;gLj;jg;gl;l
gztPf;f vjph;ghh;g;Gf;fSk; Mjutspj;jd.
czTg; gztPf;fj;jhy; ce;jg;gl;L 2019,d;
,Wjpapy; fhzg;gl;l 4.8 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020
ngg;GUthpapy; 6.2 rjtPjj;jpw;F mjpfhpj;j
nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;Rl;nlz;zpid
(2013®100) mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Mz;Lf;fhz;L
Kjd;ikg; gztPf;fk;> czTg; gztPf;fj;jpd;
gbg;gbahd jsh;T kw;Wk; rhjfkhd mbg;gilj;
jhf;fk; vd;gtw;Wld; 2020 nrj;njk;gustpy; 4.0
rjtPjj;jpw;Fg; gbg;gbahf kpjkile;jJ. Njrpa
Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz;zpid (2013®100)
mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Kjd;ikg; gztPf;fKk;
xj;j Nghf;nfhd;wpid fhl;baNghjpYk; Njrpa
Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;Rl;nlz;zpd; czT tiff;fhd
nghpa epiwNaw;wj;jpd; fhuzkhf xg;gPl;lstpy;
mjpfkhff; fhzg;gl;lJ. Mz;Lf;fhz;L
mbg;gilapy;> Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;
Rl;nlz;zpid mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l Kjd;ikg;
gztPf;fk; 2020 ngg;GUthpapy; 8.1 rjtPjkhf
cr;rkile;J 2020 nrj;njk;ghpy; 6.4 rjtPjj;jpw;F
kpjkile;jJ. mNjNeuk; gztPf;fj;jpd; mbg;gilg;
Nghf;ifg; gpujpgypf;Fk; ikag; gztPf;fk;
,t;thz;bd; ,Jtiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy;
FiwthfNt fhzg;gl;L Fiwtile;j Nfs;tp
epiyikfisg; gpujpgypj;jJ. ikag; gztPf;fj;jpd;
kpjkhd kl;lk;> 2019 jpnrk;ghpy; njhiyj;njhlh;G
thpf;Fiwg;gpd; fhuzkhf njhiyj;njhlh;G kw;Wk;
juT gzpfspd; tpiyf;Fiwg;gpd; tpisit
gpujpgypj;j mNjNtisapy; 2019 jpnrk;ghpy;
ngWkjpNrh; thpapd; Fiwg;Gk; ikag; gztPf;fj;jpd;
tPo;r;rpf;F Mjutspj;jJ. mjw;fpzq;f>
Mz;Lf;fhz;L mbg;gilapy;> nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh;
tpiyr;Rl;nlz;iz mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l
ikag;gztPf;fk; 2019 ,Wjpapy; fhzg;gl;l
4.8 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020 nrj;njk;ghpy; 2.9
rjtPjj;jpw;F nkJtile;j mNjNtisapy; Njrpa
Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;Rl;nlz;iz mbg;gilahff;
nfhz;l ikag; gztPf;fk; 2019 ,Wjpapy;
fhzg;gl;l 5.2 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2020 nrj;njk;ghpy;
4.8 rjtPjj;jpw;F jsh;tile;jJ.
ntspehl;Lj; Jiw
y nfhtpl;-19 cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypd; jhf;fj;jpdhy;
cah;tile;j ghjpg;gilaf;$ba jd;ikfis
mDgtpj;j ,yq;ifapd; ntspehl;Lj; Jiw kj;jpa
tq;fpapdJk; murhq;fj;jpdJk; Neufhyj;Jldhd
nfhs;if topKiwfspdhy; Mjutspf;fg;gl;L
mjd;gpd;dh; mjpfstpy; kPl;rpaile;jJ. 2019,d;
mNjfhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020,d; rdthp
njhlf;fk; Xfj;J tiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy;
tzpfg; nghUl;fspd; Vw;Wkjpfspyhd Fiwtpid
tpQ;rpa ,wf;Fkjpfspyhd ghhpa Fiwtpidg;
gpujpgypj;J th;j;jff; fzf;fpd; gw;whf;Fiw
RUf;fkile;jJ. 2020,d; njhlf;fj;jpy;
mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l khjhe;j Vw;Wkjp tUtha;fspd;
FiwT Nk khjj;jpypUe;J kWjiyahfp Mz;bd;
%d;whk; fhyhz;by; ruhrhpahf I.m.nlhyh; 1
gpy;ypad; nfhz;l khjhe;j Vw;Wkjp tUtha;fis
miltjid ,ayr; nra;jJ. Rw;WyhtpypUe;j
jho;e;j tUtha;fis gpujhdkhfg; gpujpgypj;J
2019,d; Kjyiug;gFjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020,d;
nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; mbg;gilapy; Kjd;ik (Mz;Lf;fhz;L)
fy;tp> Rfhjhuk; kw;Wk; tPl;L
thlifczTg;
gztPf;fk;
Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; mbg;gilapy; Kjd;ik (Mz;Lf;fhz;L)
Njrpa Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; mbg;gilapy; ika (Mz;Lf;fhz;L)
nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh; tpiyr; Rl;nlz; mbg;gilapy; ika (Mz;Lf;fhz;L)
rd-18
rd-19
rd-20
a+iy-18
a+iy-19
a+iy-20
khr;-18
khr;-19
khr;-20
nrg;-18
nrg;-19
nrg;-20
Nk-18
Nk-19
Nk-20
etk;-18
etk;-19
czTg; gzr;RUf;fk;>
vupnghUs; tpiyfs; kw;Wk; tupfspy;
fPo;Nehf;fpa jpUj;jk;
czTg; gzr; RUf;fk;
Fiwtile;j czTg; gztPf;fk;
0
2
4
6
8
10
Education,Health &
House RentFood
InflationEasing of Food Inflation
Food Deflation
tiuglk; 1.3
Kjd;ik kw;Wk; ikag; gztPf;fj;jpd; mirTfs;
(Mz;Lf;fhz;L)
%yk;: njhif kjpg;G kw;Wk; Gs;sptpguj; jpizf;fsk;
rjtPjk;
1
6
,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp mz;ikf;fhy nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jpfs; : 2020 ,d; Kf;fpa gz;GfSk; 2021 ,w;fhd tha;g;Gf;fSk;
Kjyiug;gFjpapy; gzpfs; fzf;fpyhd kpif
fzprkhdsT Fiwtile;jJ. vdpDk;> Klf;Fjy;
fhyg;gFjpapy; jfty;njhopy;El;gk; kw;Wk; tpahghur;
nrad;Kiwg;gLj;jy; gzpfis ntspapypUe;J
ngw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; fk;gdpfs; ,ilA+wpypy;yhky;
njhopw;gl;lJld; fzdpg;gzpfs; Jiw njhlh;e;Jk;
MNuhf;fpakhdnjhU tsh;r;rpapidg; gjpTnra;jJ.
,jd;gb> gzpfs; fzf;fpd; kpifahdJ 2019,d;
Kjyiuapd; I.m.nlhyh; 1>545 kpy;ypaDld;
xg;gpLkplj;J 2020,d; Kjyiuapd; I.m.nlhyh; 901
kpy;ypaDf;F Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ. Kjyhe;juf; fzf;fpd;
gw;whf;Fiw 2019,d; njhlh;Ggl;l fhyg;gFjpapd;
I.m.nlhyh; 1>119 kpy;ypaDld; xg;gpLkplj;J
2020,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; I.m.nlhyh; 1>041
kpy;;ypaDf;F tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. ,J ntspehl;L
Neub KjyPl;bd; kPjhd kPs;KjyPl;L tUtha;fspd;
Fiwg;G> Neub KjyPl;L njhopy;Kaw;rpfspd;
kPsj;jpUg;gpaDg;gg;gl;l gq;fpyhgq;fspd; kpjkhd
Fiwg;G kw;Wk; ntspehl;Lf; fld;fs; kPjhd
tl;br;nrytpdj;jpd; FiwT Nghd;wtw;wpd;
gpujhd fhuzj;jpdhyhjhFk;. ,uz;lhe;ju
tUkhdf; fzf;fpy; njhopyhsh; gztDg;gy;fs;
2019,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; I.m.nlhyh; 3>270
kpy;ypadpypUe;J 2020,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy;
I.m.nlhyh; 2>980 kpy;ypadpw;F Fiwtile;jJ.
vdpDk;> njhopyhsh; gztDg;gy;fs; 2020
A+dpypUe;J tpiuthd Ntfj;jpy; kPl;rpaile;J
2020 nrj;njk;gh; ,Wjpapy; KbtilAk;
xd;gJ khjq;fspy; 2.4 rjtPj Mz;bw;fhz;L
tsh;r;rpapidg; gjpTnra;jd. nfhtpl;-19 gutypw;F
kj;jpapy; Rw;WyhtpypUe;jhd tUtha;fspd;
fzprkhd Fiwg;G> njhopyhsh; gztDg;gy;fspd;
kpjkiljYld; ,ize;J ntspehl;L eilKiwf;
fzf;Fg; gw;whf;Fiwapid 2019,d; njhlh;Ggl;l
fhyg;gFjpapd; I.m.nlhyh; 351 kpy;ypad;
gw;whf;FiwAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020,d;
Kjyiug;gFjpapy; I.m.nlhyh; 792 kpy;ypaDf;F
Fwpg;gplj;jf;fstpy; tphptilar; nra;jJ.
y ,wf;Fkjpfs; kPjhd nrytpdk; Vw;Wkjpfspyhd
Fiwtpid tpl mjpfkhfr; RUf;fkile;jpUe;jjhy;
2019,d; njhlh;Ggl;l fhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J
2020 Xfj;jpy; KbtilAk; vl;L khjq;fspy;
th;j;jff; fzf;fpd; gw;whf;Fiw RUf;fkile;jJ.
,wf;Fkjpr; nrytpdk; kw;Wk; Vw;Wkjp tUtha;fspd;
midj;J Kf;fpa JiwfSk; fle;j Mz;Lld;
xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 rdthpapypUe;J Xfj;J
tiuapyhd fhyg;gFjpapy; xU tPo;r;rpapidg;
gjpTnra;jd. ,jd;gb> ,wf;Fkjpr; nrytpdk;
I.m.nlhyh; 2>628 kpy;ypadhy; (20.4 rjtPjk;)
I.m.nlhyh; 10>257 kpy;ypaDf;F Fiwtile;j
mNjNtisapy; Vw;Wkjp tUtha;fs; I.m.nlhyh;
1>585 kpy;ypadhy; (19.7 rjtPjk;) I.m.nlhyh;
6>445 kpy;ypaDf;F 2019,d; xj;j fhyg;gFjpapy;
tPo;r;rpaile;jd. ,jndhU tpisthf> tu;j;jfg;
gw;whf;Fiw 2019,d; xj;j fhyg;gFjpf;F Nkyhf
2020 Xfj;jpy; KbtilAk; vl;L khjq;fspy;
I.m.nlhyh; 1>043 kpy;ypadhy; I.m.nlhyh;
3>812 kpy;ypaDf;F Nkk;gl;lJ. ,wf;Fkjpr;
nrytpdj;jpd; Fiwg;G ngw;Nwhypak; kw;Wk;
Glitfs; kw;Wk; Glitg; nghUl;fs; kPjhd
jho;e;j nrytpdj;Jld; 2020 khr;rpypUe;J
mj;jpahtrpakw;w ,wf;Fkjpfspd; kPJ tpjpf;fg;gl;l
fl;Lg;ghLfspd; jhf;fj;jpdhy; ce;jg;gl;ljhFk;.
vdpDk;> czT kw;Wk; Fbghdq;fs; kw;Wk; kUe;Jg;
nghUl;fspd; ,wf;Fkjpfs; kPjhd nrytpdk;
xU tUlj;jpw;F Ke;jpa fhyg;gFjpapypUe;J
fUj;jpw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;w fhyg;gFjpapy;
mjpfhpj;jJ. kpjkile;j cyfshtpa Nfs;tp
kw;Wk; epuk;gy; rq;fpypfSf;fhd ,ilA+Wfs;
Nghd;wtw;wpdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;L Milfs;
(I.m.nlhyh; 950 kpy;ypadhy;)> Njapiy (I.m.nlhyh;
109 kpy;ypadhy;)> kw;Wk; ,wg;gh; cw;gj;jpfs;
(I.m.nlhyh; 102 kpy;ypadhy;) cl;gl Kf;fpa
Vw;Wkjp tiffs; fle;j Mz;bd; njhlh;Ggl;l
fhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 rdthp Kjy;
tiuglk; 1.4
tHj;jf epYit kw;Wk; eilKiwf;fzf;F epYit
I.m.nlh. gpy;ypad;
%yk;: ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
Vw;Wkjpfs;
2016 2017 2018 2019 2019
rd-A+d;
2020
rd-A+d;
,wf;Fkjpfs; th;j;jf epYit eilKiwf; fzf;F epYit
11
7
nghJNehf;F
Xfj;J tiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy; tPo;r;rpnahd;wpidg;
gjpTnra;jd. vdpDk;> Milfs; kw;Wk; ,wg;gh;
cw;gj;jpfspd; tUtha;fspdhy; Mjutspf;fg;gl;L
2020 Nk khjj;jpypUe;J khjhe;j Vw;Wkjpfspy; xU
Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsT kPl;rpnahd;W mtjhdpf;fg;gl;;lJ.
jdpg;gl;l ghJfhg;G cgfuzj;jpypUe;jhd
Vw;Wkjp tUtha;fspyhd tphpthf;fk; Njapiy
tpiyfspyhd rpy Kd;Ndw;wq;fSlDk; ,ize;J
Vw;Wkjp tUtha;fspyhd kPnsOr;rpf;Fg;
gq;fspg;Gr; nra;jJ. jw;fhypf juTfs; 2020
nrj;njk;ghpYk; Vw;Wkjp tUtha;fspyhdnjhU
kPl;rp njhlh;tjidf; Fwpj;J epw;fpd;wd.
y cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutYf;F kj;jpapy;
cyfshtpa epjpapay; re;ijfspy; jsh;tile;j
kdg;ghq;Ffs; kw;Wk; nkJtile;j cyfshtpa
nghUshjhu nraw;ghl;bidg; gpujpgypj;J 2020
Kjyiug;gFjpapy; epjpapapy; fzf;fpw;fhd
cl;gha;r;ry;fs; kpjkhdjhff; njhlh;e;JkpUe;jd.
2020 Kjyiug;gFjpapy; epjpapay; fzf;fpy;
gjpTnra;ag;gl;l Kf;fpakhdnjhU cl;gha;r;ryhf
2020 khr;rpy; rPdh mgptpUj;jp tq;fpaplkpUe;jhd
I.m.nlhyh; 500 kpy;ypad; ntspehl;L ehza
jtiz epjpaply; trjpahFk;. 2020 rdthp Kjy;
A+d; tiuapyhd fhyg;gFjpapy; mur gpizaq;fs;
re;ij kw;Wk; nfhOk;G gq;Fg;ghpth;j;jidapy;
ntspehl;L KjyPL KiwNa I.m.nlhyh; 492
kpy;ypad; kw;Wk; I.m.nlhyh; 108 kpy;ypad; Njwpa
ntspg;gha;r;ry;fis gjpTnra;jJ. ntspehl;Lf;
fld;fs; cs;slq;fyhf ntspehl;L Neub KjyPL
2019,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapd; I.m.nlhyh; 535
kpy;ypaDld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 Kjyiug;gFjpapy;
I.m.nlhyh; 345 kpy;ypadhf kpjkhdjhfj;
njhlh;e;JkpUe;jJ. epjpapay; fzf;fpw;fhd Njwpa
ntspehl;Lf; fld; cl;gha;;r;ry;fs; murhq;fk; kw;Wk;
itg;Gf;fis Vw;fpd;w $l;Lj;jhgdq;fspw;fhd
Njwpa cl;gha;r;ry;fisg; gpujpgypj;J fle;j
Mz;Lld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020,d; Kjyiug;gFjpapy;
mjpfhpj;jd.
y nkhj;j mYty;rhh; xJf;Ffs; 2020 nrj;njk;gh;
tiuahd fhyg;gFjapy; tPo;r;rpaile;jhYk;
NghJkhd kl;lq;fspy; njhlh;e;JkpUe;jd.
nkhj;j mYty;rhh; xJf;Ffs; 2019 ,Wjpapy;
gjpTnra;ag;gl;l I.m.nlhyh; 7.6 gpy;ypaDld;
xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 nrj;njk;gh; ,Wjpapy;
I.m.nlhyh; 6.7 gpy;ypadhftpUe;jd. 2020 rdthp
njhlf;fk; nrj;njk;gh; tiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy;
nkhj;j mYty;;rhh; xJf;FfSf;fhd Kf;fpa
cl;gha;r;ry;fs; rPdh mgptpUj;jp tq;fpfspypUe;jhd
I.m.nlhyh; 500 kpy;ypad; nfhz;l ntspehl;L
ehza jtiz epjpaply; trjp> ntspehl;L ehza
tq;fpj;njhopy; gphptplkpUe;jhd I.m.nlhyh; 670
gpy;ypad; fld;fs;> ,e;jpa hpNrh;t; tq;fpaplkpUe;jhd
rhh;f; epjpaj;jpd; gu];gu ghpkhw;wy; xg;ge;j
xOq;Ffspd; I.m.nlhyh; 400 kpy;ypad;
fpilg;gdT Nghd;wtw;iw cs;slf;Ffpd;wd.
,NjNtis kj;jpa tq;fpapdhy; cs;ehl;L>
ntspehl;L re;ijapypUe;J Njwpa mbg;gilapyhd
ntspehl;Lr; nryhtzpf; nfhs;tdTfSk;
mYty;rhh; xJf;Ffspd; kl;lj;jpw;F fhg;gPL
toq;fpd. 2020 xj;Njhgh; ,Wjpapy; mYty;rhh;
xJf;Ffs; 4.7 khjq;fSf;fhd ,wf;Fkjp
cs;slf;fj;ij toq;fpd. 2020 xj;Njhghpy; kj;jpa
tq;fpahdJ nkhj;j mYty;rhh; xJf;Ffspidg;
gad;gLj;jp I.m.nlhyh; 1 gpy;ypad; nfhz;l
ehl;bw;fhd gd;dhl;L Kwpapd; kPs;nfhLg;gdtpw;F
trjpaspj;jJ. nkhj;j mYty;rhh; xJf;FfisAk;
chpkk;ngw;w tq;fpfspd; ntspehl;Lr;
nrhj;Jf;fisAk; cs;slf;fpa nkhj;j gd;dhl;L
xJf;Ffs; 2019,d; ,Wjpapy; I.m.nlhyh; 10.4
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-6
-8
(m) 2020,w;fhd njhiffs; kj;jpa tq;fpapd; nkh.c.cw;gj;jpf;fhd vwpTfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lit
11
11
nghJNehf;F
kPs;nfhLg;gdnthd;wpidg; gjpTnra;jpUe;jJ.
gw;whf;Fiwf;fhd epjpaPl;lj;jpy; Vw;gl;l
mjpfhpg;G mjDld; ,ize;J Vida Kf;fpa
ehzaq;fSf;nfjpuhf ,yq;if &ghtpd; Nja;T
vd;git kj;jpa mur gLfld; ,Ug;gpid
2019,d; ,WjpAld;; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 A+iy
,Wjpapy; &.1>229.5 gpy;ypadhy; &.14>261.0
gpy;ypaDf;F ,l;Lr;nrd;wpUe;jJ. kj;jpa
murhq;fj;jpd; cs;ehl;L kw;Wk; ntspehl;L
gLfld; msthdJ 2020 A+iy ,Wjpapy; KiwNa
&.7>708.0 gpy;ypad; kw;Wk; &.6>553.1 gpy;ypadhf
fhzg;gl;lJ. ehl;bw;fhd gd;dhl;L Kwpf;fhd
kPs;nfhLg;gdTfis cs;slf;fpa gLfld;
jPHg;gdTf; nfhLg;gdTfs; 2019,d; njhlHghd
fhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLifapy; 2020 A+iyAld;
Kbtile;j VO khj fhyg;gFjpapy; &.1>190.9
gpy;ypaDf;F 17.0 rjtPjj;jpdhy; tPo;r;rpaile;jd.
2020,y; ,yq;ifapd; ehl;bw;fhd jukpliy fPo;
Nehf;fp jukpwf;fpaikapdhy; rh;tNjr jug;gLj;jy;
Kfth;fspd; ghjfkhd Cfj;jpw;Fk; kj;jpapy;
murhq;fk; 2020 xj;Njhghpy; Kjph;tile;j
ehl;bw;fhd gd;dhl;L Kwp cs;slq;fshf
midj;J Kjph;Tf; flg;ghLfisAk; cldbahf
nrYj;Jk; tifapy; topKiwfis vLj;jpUe;jJ.
ehzaj; Jiw
y nfhtpl;-19 ,d; guty; kw;Wk; mjd; tpisthd
fl;Lg;gLj;jy; topKiwfspd; nghUshjhuj;
jhf;fj;jpidf; Fiwf;fpd;w Nehf;fpy;
nkJtile;j gztPf;f mOj;jq;;fs; kw;Wk;
ed;F cWjpepiyg;gLj;jg;gl;l gztPf;f
vjph;ghh;g;Ggf;fspdhy; Mjutspf;fg;gl;L kj;jpa
tq;fpahdJ ehza epiyikfis fzprkhdsT
,yFgLj;jpaJld; jsh;j;jg;gl;l ehzaf;
nfhs;if epiyg;ghl;bidj; njhlh;e;jJ. gztPf;fk;
kpjkhd kl;lj;jpypUe;jikapdhy; kpjkile;j
nghUshjhu nraw;ghl;bid kPnsOr;rpailar;
nra;Ak; Nehf;fpy; 2019,y; jsh;j;jg;gl;lnjhU
ehzaf; nfhs;if epiyg;ghl;bid kj;jpa
tq;fp njhlq;fpaJ. nfhtpl;-19,d; guty;
nghUshjhur; nraw;ghl;by; xU Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsT
gpd;diltpw;F topnra;J cyfshtpa
Neha;g;gutypdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l tpahghuq;fSf;Fk;
tPl;Llikahsh;fSf;Fk; Mjutspg;gjw;Fk;
tpiuthd kPl;rpapid cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;
fzprkhd nfhs;ifj; jsh;j;Jjiyj;
Njitg;gLj;jpaJ. ,jd;gb> kj;jpa tq;fpahdJ
Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjk; kw;Wk; Jizepy;
fld;toq;fy; trjp tPjnkdg;gLfpd;w nfhs;if
tl;b tPjq;fs; xt;nthd;iwAk; 2020 rdthpapy; 50
mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy; Fiwj;;jJ. Klf;Fjy;
topKiwfSf;F kj;jpapy; nghUshjhuj;jpd;
kPjhd mtw;wpd; jhf;fj;jpidf; fUj;jpw;nfhz;L
kj;jpa tq;fpahdJ 2020 khr;R> Vg;gpwy; kw;Wk;
Nk khjq;fspy; %d;W gbKiwfspy; nfhs;if
tl;b tPjq;fis 100 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy;
NkYk; Fiwj;Jf; nfhz;lJ. thpirahd ehzaf;
nfhs;if jsh;j;jy; topKiwfspw;fhd gjpypWg;ghf
re;ij itg;G tPjq;fs; Jhpjkhf tPo;r;rpaile;j
mNjNtisapy; re;ij fld;toq;fy; tPjq;fs;
njhlh;e;Jk; fPo;Nehf;fpa nefpo;tw;wjd;ikiaf;
nfhz;bUe;jd. MfNt> kj;jpa tq;fpahdJ 2020
A+iy njhlf;fj;jpy; nfhs;if tl;btPjq;fis
NkYk; Fiwj;J Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjk; kw;Wk;
Jizepy; fld;toq;fy; tPjj;jpid KiwNa 4.50
rjtPjk; kw;Wk; 5.50 rjtPjj;jpw;F tuyhw;wpNyNa
jho;e;j kl;lj;jpw;F nfhz;L te;Js;sJ. NkYk;>
ehzaf; nfhs;if CLflj;jy; nrad;Kiwia
tpiuTgLj;Jtjw;Fk; rpwpastpyhd fld;ngWeUf;F
JizGhptjw;fhfTk; nfhLfldl;ilfs;>
mlFgpbj;jy;> Kd;dNu xOq;Fnra;ag;gl;l
jw;fhypf Nkyjpfg; gw;Wf;fs; kw;Wk; jz;l tl;b
tPjq;fs; Nghd;w Fwpg;gpl;l nfhLfld; fUtpfs;
kPJ mjpAr;r tl;b tPjq;fis kj;jpa tq;fp
tpjpj;jJ. nfhs;if tl;btPj Fiwg;GfSf;F
Nkyjpfkhf th;j;jf tq;fpfspd; &gh itg;Gg;
nghWg;Gf;fspd; kPJ gpuNahfpf;fj;jf;f epajp xJf;F
tpfpjj;jpidAk; kj;jpa tq;fp 2020 khr;R kw;Wk;
A+dpy; ,U gbKiwfspy; 3.00 rjtPjg; Gs;spfshy;
2.00 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwj;J cs;ehl;Lg; gzr;
re;ijf;F ghhpa njhif nfhz;l jputj;jd;ikia
cl;GFj;jpaJ. ,jw;F Nkyjpfkhf epahakhd
tl;btPjj;jpy; tq;fpj;njhopy; epWtdq;fSf;fhd
mtru epjpaplypd; fpilg;gdit vLj;Jf;fhl;b
2020 Vg;gpwypy; tq;fp tPjj;jpid 500 mbg;gilg;
Gs;spfspdhy; kj;jpa tq;fp Fiwj;j mNjNtisapy;
Jizepy; fld;toq;fy; trjp tPjj;jpw;F Nkyhf
300 mbg;gilg;Gs;spfSldhd vy;iyAld;
mJ jd;dpr;irahfj; jPh;khdpf;fg;gLtjw;Fk;
1
12
,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp mz;ikf;fhy nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jpfs; : 2020 ,d; Kf;fpa gz;GfSk; 2021 ,w;fhd tha;g;Gf;fSk;
mDkjpaspj;jJ. ,jd;gb> 2020 nrj;njk;gh;
,Wjpapy; tq;fp tPjk; nkhj;jkhf 650 mbg;gilg;
Gs;spfspdhy; 8.50 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwtile;jJ.
,NjNtis murhq;fj;jpd; Ntz;LNfhSf;fika
2020,d; ,Jtiuapy; Kjyhe;jur; re;ijapypUe;J
jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fisf; nfhs;tdT
nra;tjD}lhf epjpapid toq;fp cyfshtpa
Neha;g;gutypdhy; cUthfpa mrhjhuz
#o;epiyfspypUe;J voe;j murhq;fj;jpd;
epjpapay; Rikapidf; Fiwg;gjw;fhd
gbKiwfis Nkw;nfhz;lJ. NkYk; ehza tpjpr;
rl;lj;jpd; Vw;ghLfSf;fikthf Njitg;gLfpd;w
JiwfSf;F Fwpg;ghf> rpwpa kw;Wk; eLj;ju
njhopy;Kaw;rpfSf;F> Mz;nlhd;Wf;F 4.00
rjtPj rYif tl;b tPjj;jpy; epjp toq;Ftjw;fhf
tpNrl nfhLfld; jpl;lq;fSf;F trjpaspj;jJ.
nefpo;r;rpj;jd;ik tha;e;j gztPf;f ,yf;fply;
fl;likg;gpd; fPo; gztPf;fj;jpidAk; gztPf;f
vjph;ghh;g;Gf;fisAk; 4-6 rjtPj tPr;rpw;Fs; NgZfpd;w
Ntisapy; ,j;jifa ehza topKiwfs; kj;jpa
tq;fpapdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;ld.
y nfhs;if tl;btPjq;fspd; Fiwg;G kw;Wk;
cs;ehl;L gzr;re;ijapy; Ngzg;gl;LtUk;
Nkyjpfj; jputj;jd;ik Nghd;wtw;Wf;Fg;
gjpypWj;jp 2020,d; ,Jtiu fhyg;gFjpapy;
re;ij tl;b tPjq;fs; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsT
Fiwtile;jd. ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l
miog;G gztPjk; fPo; Nehf;fp jpUj;jkile;J
2020 A+d; eLg;gFjpastpy; nfhs;if tl;btPj
,ilntspapd; fPo; vy;iyapy; njhlh;e;JkpUe;jJ.
murhq;fj;jpd; mjpfhpj;j fld;ngWif kw;Wk;;
ghjfkhd re;ij Cfq;fspd; fhuzkhf
2020 Xfj;jpYk; nrj;njk;ghpYk; ,lk;ngw;w
Vyq;fspy; tpisTfs; kPjhd rpy Nky;Nehf;fpa
mOj;jq;fs; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;ljw;Fg; Gwk;ghf
2020,d; ,JtiuapYk; Kjyhe;jur; re;ijapd;
mur gpizaq;fspd; tpisTfSk; fzprkhdsT
tPo;r;rpaile;jd. Kjyhe;jur; re;ijapy
midj;J Kjph;TfspilapYkhd tpisTfspd;
tPo;r;rpapidg; gpujpgypj;J ,uz;lhe;jur;
re;ijapd; tpisT tisap 2019 ,WjpAld;
xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 nrj;njk;gh; ,Wjpastpy;
Jhpjkhff; fPo;Nehf;fpj; jpUj;jkile;jJ.
fzprkhd ehzaj; jsh;j;Jjy; topKiwfisg;
gpujpgypj;J 2020 xj;Njhghpy; KbtilAk; xd;gJ
khj fhyg;gFjpapy; itg;Gr; rhjdq;fs; kPjhd
tl;b tPjq;fs; Fwpg;gpl;lsT tPo;r;rpaile;J rpy
itg;Gr; rhjdq;fSf;F vjph;fzpa cz;ik
tpisTfSf;F toptFj;jd. ,NjNtis> 2020
rdthp njhlf;fk; nrj;njk;gh; tiuapy; re;ij
fld;toq;fy; tPjq;fspyhd Fiwg;G gbg;gbahf
Ntfkilaj; njhlq;fpaJ. ,jd;gb thuhe;j
ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l Kjd;ikf; fld;toq;fy;
tPjk; mjd; tuyhw;wpNyNa mjp jho;e;j
jpfjp topKiwfs;
2020-rd-30 Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjk; kw;Wk; Jizepy; fld;
toq;fy; trjp tPjkhdJ 50 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfshy;
KiwNa 6.50 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; 7.50 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk;
Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ.
2020-khH-17 Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjKk; Jizepy; fld;toq;fy;
trjp tPjKk; 25 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy; KiwNa 6.25
rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; 7.25 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; Fiwf;fg;gl;ld.
2020-khH-17 2020 khr;R 16Mk; ehspypUe;J Muk;gpf;Fk; xJf;Ff;
fhyg;gFjpapypUe;J eilKiwf;FtUk; tpjj;jpy;
epajp xJf;F tpfpjk; 1.00 rjtPjg; Gs;spapdhy; 4.00
rjtPjj;jpw;Ff; Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ.
2020-khH-27 nfhtpl;-19 ,dhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l th;j;jfKaw;rpfSf;F
Mjutspf;Fk; tifapy; &. 50 gpy;ypad; nfhz;l
nrsghf;fpah nfhtpl;-19 Gj;Japuspj;jy; trjp (ghfk; I - kPs;epjpaply; jpl;lk;) vd;gJ 4.00 rjtPj tl;bAld; Xh;
rYifahd fld; nraw;wpl;lk; mwpKfQ;nra;ag;gl;lJ.
2020-Vg;-3 Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjk; kw;Wk; Jizepy; fld;
toq;fy; trjp tPjkhdJ 25 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfshy;
KiwNa 6.00 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; 7.00 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk;
Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ.
2020-Vg;-16 tq;fp tPjkhdJ 500 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy;
10.00 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwf;fg;gl;L 300 mbg;gil
Gs;spfs; vy;iyAld; Jizepy; fld;toq;fy; trjp
tPjj;Jld; ,ire;J nry;Yk; tpjj;jpy; jd;dpaf;fkhf
rhpnra;Jnfhs;s mDkjpf;fg;gl;lJ.
2020-Nk-06 2020 Nk 06Mk; ehspd; tpahghu KbtpypUe;J
eilKiwf;FtUk; tpjj;jpy; Jizepy; itg;G trjp
tPjKk; Jizepy; fld;toq;fy; trjp tPjKk; 25
mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy; KiwNa 6.00 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk;
7.00 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; Fiwf;fg;gl;ld.
2020-A+d;-16 2020 A+d; 16Mk; ehspypUe;J Muk;gpf;Fk; xJf;Ff;
fhyg;gFjpapypUe;J eilKiwf;FtUk; tpjj;jpy;
epajp xJf;F tpfpjk; 2.00 rjtPjg; Gs;spapdhy; 2.00
rjtPjj;jpw;Ff; Fiwf;fg;gl;lJ.
khh;r;R 27 md;W nfhtpl;-19 vd;gjdhy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l
th;j;jfKaw;rpfSf;F Mjutspf;Fk; tifapy;
mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l rYifahd fld; (nrsghf;fpah
nfhtpl;-19 Gj;Japuspj;jy; trjp - ghfk; II)
2020-A+iy-09 Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjKk; Jizepy; fld;toq;fy;
trjp tPjKk; 100 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy; KiwNa
4.50 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; 5.50 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; Fiwf;fg;gl;ld.
tq;fp tPjk; jd;dpaf;fkhf 8.50 rjtPjj;jpw;F Fiwe;jJ.
Fwpg;G: kj;jpa tq;fp cupkk;ngw;w tq;fpfspd; mlFgpbj;jy; Kw;gzq;fs;
kPJ tl;btPj cr;rtuk;ig 2020 Vg;gpuy; 27 ,y; tpjpj;jJld;
njupe;njLf;fg;gl;l fld;toq;fy; rhjdq;fspd; kPjhd tl;btPj
cr;rtuk;ig 2020 Xfj;J 24 md;W ,Wf;fkhf;fpaJ.
(m) 2020 Xj;Njhgu; 23 Mk; ehs; tiu
%yk;: ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp
ml;ltiz 1.1
ehzaf; nfhs;if topKiwfs; 2020 (m)
11
13
nghJNehf;F
kl;lq;fspw;F tPo;r;rpaile;j Ntisapy; 2019
,WjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J Gjpa fld; toq;fy;
tPjq;fspYk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fstpyhdnjhU tPo;r;rp
mtjhdpf;fg;gl;lJ.
y gbg;gbahf cah;tile;J 2020 Vg;gpwypy;
cr;rkile;j xJf;Fg;gzk; 2020 A+dpy; epajp
xJf;Fj; tpfpjj;jpd; Fiwg;gpndhU tpisthf
mjd;gpd;dh; fzprkhdsT tPo;r;rpaile;jJ.
gz;biff;fhyk; mz;kpj;jijaLj;J
2020 njhlf;fj;jpy; gbg;gbahf mjpfhpj;j
xJf;Fg;gzk; 2020 khr;rpy; epajp xJf;F tpfpjk;
Fiwf;fg;gl;lJld; rpwpjsT Fiwtile;jJ.
vdpDk; nfhtpl;-19 ,d; cs;ehl;L guty;
#o;epiyapd; epr;rakw;wjd;ikf;F kj;jpapy;
Kd;ndr;rhpf;ifAld; $ba ehzaj;jpw;fhd
Nfs;tp mjpfhpj;jikapdhy; 2020 Vg;gpwy;
eLg;gFjpapid Nehf;fp xJf;Fg;gzk; Jhpjkhf
cah;tile;jJ. cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutYf;F
kj;jpapy; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gl;ljid tpl nkJthd
tq;fpj;njhopy; Kiwikf;fhd ehzaj; jpUk;gy;>;
jho;e;j tl;btPjq;fspd; fhuzkhf ehzaj;ij
itj;jpUg;gjw;fhd Fiwe;j mikar; nryTld;
Nrh;e;J 2020 eLg;gFjpastpy; xJf;Fg;gzk;
njhlh;e;Jk; cah;thfNtapUe;jJ. vdpDk;> epajp
xJf;F tpfpjj;jpd; Fiwg;Gld; mjd;gpd;dh;
xJf;Fg;gzk; fzprkhdsT tPo;r;rpaile;jJ.
,jd;gb> 2020 Xfj;jpy; KbtilAk; vl;L
khjfhyg;gFjpapy; xJf;Fg;gzk; &.52.8 gpy;ypadhy;
Fiwtile;J Mz;Lf;fhz;L mbg;gilapy; 3.7
rjtPjkhd RUf;fnkhd;wpidg; gjpTnra;jJ.
nrhj;Jg;gf;fj;jpypUe;J Nehf;Fk;NghJ ,f;fhyg;
gFjpapy; xJf;Fg;gzj;jpd; RUf;fk; KOikahf
&.20.8 gpy;ypadhy; tphptile;j kj;jpa tq;fpapd;
Njwpa cs;ehl;Lr; nrhj;Jf;fspd; mjpfhpg;gpid
tpQ;rpa 2019 ,WjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020
rdthp Kjy; Xfj;J tiu &.73.6 gpy;ypadhy;
Fiwtile;j Njwpa ntspehl;Lr; nrhj;Jf;fspd;
tPo;r;rpapdhyhdjhftpUe;jJ. ntspehl;L
ehzag; nghWg;Gf;fs; tphptile;jikapdhy;
kj;jpa tq;fpapd; Njwpa ntspehl;Lr; nrhj;J
Fiwtile;jJld; kj;jpa tq;fpapd; Njwpa
cs;ehl;L nrhj;J ngUkstpy; murpw;fhd
Njwpa nfhLfld; mjpfhpg;gpdhy; ngUkstpy;
ce;jg;gl;lJld; cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypw;F
kj;jpapy; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;l nrsghf;ah
nfhtpl;-19 kWkyh;r;rp fld; trjpapD}lhf
gfph;e;jspf;fg;gl;l rYiff; nfhLflDld; th;j;jf
tq;fpfsplkpUe;jhd Nfhuy;fSk; mjpfhpj;jd.
y tphpe;j gz epuk;gypd; (M2b) ,d; tsh;r;rp
gpujhdkhf mur Jiwf;fhd nfhLfldpd;
Fwpg;gplj;jf;f tphpthf;fj;jpdhy; tq;fpj;njhopy;
Kiwikapd; Njwpa cs;ehl;Lr; nrhj;Jf;fspyhd
tsh;r;rpapdhy; ce;jg;gl;L 2020 Xfj;jpy;
KbtilAk; vl;L khj fhyg;gFjpapy; njhlh;e;Jk;
cah;tile;jJ. ,jd;gb tphpe;j gz epuk;gypd;
(M2b) Mz;Lf;fhz;L tsh;r;rp 2019 ,Wjpapd; 7.0
rjtPj tsh;r;rpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 Xfj;J
,Wjpastpy; 17.5 rjtPjj;jpdhy; mjpfupj;jJ.
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
tiuglk; 1.8
njhpe;njLf;fg;gl;l tl;b tPjq;fspd; mirTfs;
nrg;-20
Jizepy; fld; toq;fy; trjptPjk;
Ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l itg;GtPjk;
Ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l epiyahd itg;GtPjk;
jpiwNrhp cz;bay; tpisT (364-ehs;) (khj ,Wjpapy;)
ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l fld; toq;fy; tPjk;
Jizepy; itg;G trjptPjk;
khjhe;j ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l Kjd;iktPjk;
nrg;-16
Nk-18
rd-17
nrg;-18
Nk-17
rd-19
rd-20
rd-16
nrg;-17
Nk-19
Nk-20
Nk-16
rd-18
nrg;-19
%yk;: ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp
rjtPjk
ent-16
jpnr-18
Vg;-17
Nk-19
nrj;-17
xj;-19
rd-16
ngg;-18
khr;-20
a+d;-16
a+iy-18
Xfj;-20
tiuglk; 1.9
jdpahu; Jiwf;F tu;j;jf tq;fpfshy; toq;fg;gl;l nfhLfld;
rjtPjk;
&. gpy;ypad;
nfhLfldpy; Vw;gl;l khjhe;j
khw;wk; (ngausT epajpfspy;)
nfhLfld; tsh;r;rp
Mz;Lf;fhz;L (tyJ mr;R)
%yk;: ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp
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020406080
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1
14
,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp mz;ikf;fhy nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jpfs; : 2020 ,d; Kf;fpa gz;GfSk; 2021 ,w;fhd tha;g;Gf;fSk;
tq;fpj;njhopy; Kiwikapd; Njwpa ntspehl;Lr;
nrhj;Jf;fs; &.96.6 gpy;ypadhy; RUf;fkile;j
Ntisapy;; &.1>164.5 gpy;ypadhy; mjpfhpj;j
Njwpa cs;ehl;Lr; nrhj;Jf;fs; 2020 rdthp
Kjy; Xfj;J 2020 tiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy;
xl;Lnkhj;j ehza tpupthf;fj;jpw;Fg; gq;fspg;Gr;
nra;jd. ,f;fhyg;gFjpapy; Njwpa cs;ehl;L
nrhj;jpyhd fzprkhd tphpthf;fk; tq;fpj;njhopy;
Kiwikapdhy; murpw;fhd Njwpa nfhLfldpd;
mjpfhpg;Gld; murpw;Fr; nrhe;jkhd tpahghuj;
njhopy;Kaw;rpfSf;fhd nfhLfldpdhy;
ce;jg;gl;lJ. tq;fpj;njhopy; Kiwikapyhd
murpw;fhd Njwpa nfhLfld; fle;j Mz;bd; xj;j
fhyg;gFjpapy; &.235.3 gpy;ypad; mjpfhpg;Gld;
xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 rdthp Kjy; Xfj;J tiuahd
fhyg;gFjpapy; &.1>014.1 gpy;ypaDf;F fzprkhdsT
mjpfhpj;jJ. kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l ntspehl;L
epjpapay; gha;r;ry;fSf;F kj;jpapy; cs;ehl;L
epjpaply; %yq;fspy; murhq;fk; ngUkstpy;
jq;fpUe;jik kw;Wk; murhq;fj;jpd; murpiwr;
Nrfhpg;gpyhd gw;whf;Fiw Nghd;wit 2020 rdthp
Kjy; Xfj;J tiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy; murpw;fhd
Njwpa nfhLfldpd; ,e;j Kd;ndg;nghOJkpy;yhj
cah;tpw;F fhuzkhfpd. cyfshtpa
Neha;g;gutypdhy; NkYk; Nkhrkile;j murpw;Fr;
nrhe;jkhd tpahghuj; njhopy;Kaw;rpfspd;
gyaPdkile;j epjpapay; epiyikfspidg;
gpujpgypj;J murpw;Fr; nrhe;jkhd tpahghuj;
njhopy;Kaw;rpfspw;fhd nfhLfld; fle;j Mz;bd;
xj;j fhyg;gFjpapd; &.8.5 gpy;ypad; Njwpa
kPs;nfhLg;gdTld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 rdthp
njhlf;fk; Xfj;J tiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy; &.205.0
rjtPjj;jpdhy; mjpfhpj;jJ. 2020 A+iy tiuapy;
njhlh;e;Jk; gyaPdkhff; fhzg;gl;l jdpahh;
Jiwf;Fg; gfph;e;jspf;fg;gl;l nfhLfld; jho;e;j
fld; toq;fy; tPjq;fs; rYifabg;gilapyhd
fld; trjpfspD}lhd gfph;e;jspf;fg;gl;l
nfhLflDk; ,ize;J 2020 Xfj;jpy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f
tphpthf;fj;jpidf; fhl;baJ. ,jd;gb> jdpahh;
Jiwf;fhd nfhLfldpd; Mz;Lf;fhz;L tsh;r;rp
2019 ,Wjpapy; gjpTnra;ag;gl;l 4.3 rjtPj
tsh;r;rpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J 2020 Xfj;J ,Wjpapy;
5.2 rjtPjj;jpw;F tphptile;jJ. jdpahh; Jiwf;F
gfph;e;jspf;fg;gl;l nkhj;jf; nfhLfld; 2020 Xfj;jpy;
KbtilAk; vl;L khj fhyg;gFjpapy; &.110.6
gpy;ypad; tphpthf;fnkhd;wpidg; gjpTnra;jJ.
G+h;thq;f kjpg;gPLfs; 2020 nrj;njk;gu; khjj;jpYk;
jdpahh; Jiwf;fhd nfhLfldpy; MNuhf;fpakhd
tphpthf;fj;jpidf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ.
epjpapay; Jiw
y epjpapay; JiwahdJ nfhtpl;-19 cyfshtpa
Neha;g;gutypdhy; vOfpd;w cs;ehl;L kw;Wk;
cyfshtpa nghUshjhu ,ilA+Wfs; kw;Wk;
rthy;kpf;f tpahghur; #oy; vd;gtw;wpidr; rkhspj;Jj;
njhlh;e;Jk; jhf;Fg;gpbf;ff;$bajhftpUf;fpwJ.
tq;fpj;njhopy; JiwahdJ itg;Gf;fspd;
jpul;lypdhy; gpujhdkhf epjpaplg;gl;L> fld;fs;
kw;Wk; Kw;gzq;fs; mj;Jld; KjyPLfs;
Nghd;witfspdhynjhU mjpfhpg;Gld; mjd;
nrhj;Jj; jsj;jpy; xU kpjkhdsT tphpthf;fj;jpidg;
gjpTnra;jJ. nraw;glhf;fld;fspd; mjpfhpj;Jr;
nry;Yk;Nghf;F tq;fpj;njhopy; Jiwapd;
nfhLfld; ,lh;Neh;T Kfhikj;Jtj;jpy; xU
fhpridahfj; njhlh;e;JkpUe;jJ. cah;tile;j
nfhLfld; ,lh;Neh;tpw;Fg; Gwk;ghf> tq;fpj;njhopy;
JiwahdJ NghJkhdsT %yjdk;> jputj;jd;ik
kw;Wk; xJf;fPl;L cs;slf;fk; Nghd;wtw;Wld;
njhopw;gl;lJ. chpkk;ngw;w epjpf; fk;gdpfs;
kw;Wk; rpwg;gpay;G tha;e;j Fj;jiff;FtpLk;
fk;gdpfs; JiwahdJ 2020 Xfj;jpy; KbtilAk;
vl;L khjq;fspy; ke;jkhd nrayhw;wj;jpidg;
gjpTnra;jJ. Jiwapd; nkJtiljy; nrhj;Jf;fs;>
nfhLfld; kw;Wk; itg;Gf;fspd; RUf;fj;jpYk;
mj;Jld; nraw;glhf; fld;fspd; mjpfhpg;G
kw;Wk; ,yhgj;jd;ikapd; tPo;r;rp Nghd;wtw;wpy;
gpujpgypf;fg;gl;lJ. fhg;GWjp kw;Wk; Nrkyhg
epjpaq;fs; Nghd;w epjpapay; Jiwapd; Vida
Jizj;Jiwfs; ,f;fhyg;gFjpapy; fyg;ghd
nrayhw;wj;jpidg; gjpTnra;j mNjNtisapy;
nfhtpl;-19 ,d; gutypdhy; Nkhrkhfg;; ghjpf;fg;gl;l
gq;Fr; re;ij 2020 Nk khjj;jpypUe;J kPl;rpf;fhd
rkpf;iQfisf; fhl;baJ. ,NjNtis> nfhtpl;-19
cld; njhlh;Ggl;l Klf;Fjy; fhyg;gFjpapYk; $l
nfhLg;gdT kw;Wk; jPh;g;gdTfspd; ,ilA+wy;yhj
njhopw;ghL cWjpg;gLj;jg;gl;L mjd; %yk;
nghUshjhuj;jpy; nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fs;
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLtjw;F trjpaspf;fg;gl;lJ.
11
15
nghJNehf;F
gd;dhl;Lg; nghUshjhur; #oy;
y nfhtpl;-19 cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutYf;F kj;jpapy;
cyfg; nghUshjhuKk; epjpr; re;ijfSk;
cr;rf;fl;l epr;rakw;wjd;ikfSf;F Kfq;nfhLj;J
2020,d; ,Jtiuahd fhyg;gFjpapy; cyfshtpa
nghUshjhur; nraw;ghl;by; xU Jupjkhd
RUf;fj;jpw;F fhuzkhfpd. gd;dhl;L ehza
epjpaj;jpd; 2020 xj;Njhghpy; ntspaplg;gl;l cyfg;
nghUshjhuj; Njhw;wg;ghlhdJ cyfshtpa
nghUshjhu tPo;r;rp 2019,d; 2.8 rjtPj tsh;r;rpAld;
xg;gpLkplj;J 2020,y; 4.4 rjtPjj;jpdhy;
RUf;fkilAnkd vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.
cyfshtpa nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpahdJ 2021
,y; 5.2 rjtPjj;jpw;F kPl;rpaile;J mjd; gpd;dh;
ke;jkilAnkd vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.
y Kd;ndhUnghOJkpy;yhj kl;lq;fspy; cyfshtpa
hPjpapy; murhq;fq;fspd; nrytplYk; kj;jpa
tq;fpfspd; ehzaf; nfhs;ifj; jsh;j;JjYk;
Kf;fpa nghUshjhuq;fspy; tUkhdk; kw;Wk;
njhopy;tha;g;GfSf;F Mjutspg;gjpYk; 2020
fhyg;gFjpapy; RUf;fj;jpidj; jzpg;gjpYk;
JizGhpe;jd. nghUshjhuq;fs; gbg;gbahf
kPsj;jpwf;fg;gl;ljdhy; 2020,d; Nk kw;Wk; A+d;
khjq;fspy; nraw;ghL gbg;gbahf mjpfhpj;j
mNjNtisapy; ghhpastpyhd nfhs;ifj; J}
z;ly;fs; ghjpf;fg;gl;l tpahghuq;fisAk;
jdpegh;fisAk; kPl;rpailar; nra;tjw;F
ngUkstpy; JizGhpe;jd. If;fpa mnkhpf;fhtpd;
nkh.c.cw;gj;jp Mz;Lf;fhz;L mbg;gilapy;
2020,d; Kjw; fhyhz;bd; 5.0 rjtPjr;
RUf;fj;jpidj; njhlh;e;J 2020 ,uz;lhk; fhyhz;by;
31.4 rjtPjj;jpdhy; RUf;fkile;jJ. If;fpa
,uhr;rpak; fle;j Mz;bd; mNjfhyg;gFjpAld;
xg;gpLk;NghJ 2020,d; Kjw;fhyhz;by; 2.5 rjtPj
RUf;fj;jpidAk; mjidj; njhlh;e;J 2020,d;
,uz;lhk; fhyhz;by; 19.8 rjtPj RUf;fj;jpidAk;
gjpTnra;jJ. INuhg;gpa gpuhe;jpaj;jpy;;
nghUshjhuk; 2020,d; Kjw;fhyhz;by; 3.7 rjtPj
RUf;fj;jpidj; njhlh;e;J 2020,d; ,uz;lhk;
fhyhz;by; 11.8 rjtPjj;jpdhy; RUf;fkile;jJ.
xU rhjfkhd Fwpg;gpy;;; nfhtpl;-19 ,d; jhf;fk;
kiwe;J tUtjdhy; rPdh 2020,d; Kjw;;fhyhz;bd;
Mz;Lf;fhz;L RUf;fj;jpypUe;J kPz;lJ. 2020,d;
Kjw;fhyhz;bd; 6.8 rjtPj RUf;fj;Jld;
xg;gpLkplj;J 2020,d; ,uz;lhk; fhyhz;by; 3.2
rjtPjkhd kpjkhd tsh;r;rpapidg; gjpTnra;jJ.
,NjNtis> rPdg; nghUshjhuk; fle;jnthU
Mz;bypUe;J 2020,d; %d;whk; fhyhz;by; 4.9
rjtPj nkh.c.cw;gj;jp tsh;r;rpapidg; gjpTnra;J
cj;Ntfj;jpidg; ngw;Wf;nfhz;lJ. ,e;jpahtpy;
nfhtpl;-19 ,d; Jhpjkhd gutypidg; gpujpgypj;J
,e;jpahtpd; nghUshjhu tsh;r;rp 2020,d;
Kjw;fhyhz;by; Mz;Lf;fhz;L 3.1 rjtPj
tsh;r;rpapypUe;J 2020,d; ,uz;lhk; fhyhz;by; 23.9
rjtPjkhf fLikahf RUf;fkile;jJ. Vwj;jho
midj;J Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk; nghUshjhuq;fSk;
fle;j Mz;bd; mNjfhyg;gFjpAld; xg;gpLkplj;J
Mz;bd; Kjyiug;gFjpapy; nghUshjhur;
nraw;ghl;by; $h;ikahd tPo;r;rpapidg;
gjpTnra;jd.
y cyfshtpa nghUshjhuj;jpd; kPnsOr;rpf;fhd rpy
rkpf;iQfSf;F khwhf kPl;rpahdJ ePz;ljhfTk;>
epr;rakw;wjhfTk; nghUshjhuq;fSf;fpilNa
rhprkkw;wjhfTkpUf;Fnkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ.
,jd;gb Kd;Ndw;wkile;j nghUshjhuq;fs;
2020,y; 5.8 rjtPjj;jpy; RUf;fkile;J mjidj;
njhlh;e;J 2021,y; 3.9 rjtPj tsh;r;rpnahd;iw
milAnkd vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ. rPdh
cs;slq;fyhf Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk; re;ij kw;Wk;
mgptpUj;jpaile;JtUk; nghUshjhuq;fSk;
2020,y; 3.3 rjtPjj;jpdhy; RUf;fkilAnkd
vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;w mNjNtis 2021 ,w;fhf
6.0 rjtPjkhd tYthd tsh;r;rpnahd;W
vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ. 2020,y; tsh;r;rp
xd;wpidg; gjpTnra;aTs;s xNu Kf;fpa
nghUshjhukhf rPdh 2020,y; 1.9 rjtPjj;jpdhYk;
mjidj; njhlh;e;J 2021,y; 8.2 rjtPjj;jpdhYk;
tsh;r;rpailtjw;F vwpTnra;ag;gl;Ls;sJld;
nghUshjhuj;jpd;; tsh;r;rp tha;g;Gf;fs; njhlh;e;Jk;
tYthfTs;sd. ,e;jpahtpd; nghUshjhuk;
2020,y; 10.3 rjtPjj;jpdhy; RUf;fkilAnkdTk;
mjidj; njhlh;e;J 2021,y; 8.8 rjtPjj;jpdhy;
tsh;r;rpailAnkdTk; vwpTnra;ag;gLfpwJ.
y cyfshtpa hPjpahf gue;Jgl;l nfhs;if
MjuT cyfg; nghUshjhuj;jpd; nraw;ghl;il
,Jtiuapy; rpwpjstpy; kPnsOr;rpailtjw;Fj;
1
16
,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp mz;ikf;fhy nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jpfs; : 2020 ,d; Kf;fpa gz;GfSk; 2021 ,w;fhd tha;g;Gf;fSk;
JizGhpe;jJ. Kd;Ndw;wkile;j nghUshjhuq;fs;
jd;dpr;irahd tUtha;fs; kw;Wk; nryTldhd
topKiwfs; mj;Jld; gq;Fhpik cl;nrYj;jy;>
nrhj;Jf; nfhs;tdTfs;> fld;fs; kw;Wk;
nfhLfld; cj;juthjk; cs;slq;fyhf gy;NtW
tbtpyike;j jputj;jd;ik MjuT Nghd;wtw;Wld;
gjpypWj;jd. Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk; re;ij kw;Wk;
mgptpUj;jpaile;JtUk; nghUshjhuq;fs;
Fwpj;j rpy nghUshjhuq;fspd; kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;l
nfhs;if ,ilntspf;F kj;jpapYk; fzprkhf
jd;dpr;irahd tuTnryTj; jpl;l topKiwfSld;
gjpypWj;jd. ,NjNtis> cyfpd; gy;NtW
gFjpfspYk; Gjpa nfhs;if Kaw;rpfSk;
Mh;tyh;fSf;fpilapy; kdg;ghq;fpid cah;tilar;
nra;tjpy; JizGhpe;Js;sd. cjhuzkhf
INuhg;gpa xd;wpak; cyfshtpa Neha;g;guty;
kPl;rpg;nghjp epjpaj;jpidj; njhlq;fpAs;sJld;
Vida mNefkhd ehLfs; ghjpf;fg;gl;l
epWtdq;fSf;Fk; tPl;Llikahsh;fSf;Fk;
gzk; kw;Wk; gz;ltbtpyhd khw;wy;fs;> Cjpa
cjT njhiffs;> njhopypd;ik fhg;gPl;L
cs;slf;fj;jpd; tphpthf;fk;> thp xj;jpitg;Gf;fs;
kw;Wk; gytw;iw toq;fpd. Kd;Ndw;wkile;j
nghUshjhuq;fspd; kj;jpa tq;fpfspd; eltbf;if
Jhpjkhd nfhs;if tl;btPjf; Fiwg;GfSf;F
Nkyjpfkhf gue;Jgl;l ghhpastpyhd nrhj;Jf;
nfhs;tdTfs; kw;Wk; kPs;epjpaply; trjpfisAk;
cs;slf;fpapUe;jJ. If;fpa mnkhpf;fhtpd;
ngluy; hpNrh;t; 2 rjtPj nefpo;r;rpj;jd;iktha;e;j
ruhrhpg; gztPf;f ,yf;fpw;F khWfpd;w mjd;
ehzaf; nfhs;if cghaj;jpd; khw;wq;fis
mwptpj;j mNjNtisapy; jho;e;j tl;b
tPjq;fisg; Ngzpf;nfhs;tJ kPjhd Kd;Ndhf;fpa
topfhl;ly;fis toq;fpaJ. Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk;
re;ijg; nghUshjhuq;fspd; kj;jpa tq;fpfspd;
gjpypWg;Gf;fs; gpujhdkhf tl;btPj Fiwg;Gf;fs;>
kPs;fld;toq;fy; trjpfs; kw;Wk; nrhj;Jf;
nfhs;tdTfis cs;slf;fpapUe;jJ. ,j;jifa
nfhs;if topKiwfSf;Fg; gjpypWj;jp 2020 A+d;
khjj;jpypUe;J cyfshtpa nghUshjhu kw;Wk;
epjpapay; epiyg;ghLfs; rpy Kd;Ndw;wj;jpidf;
fhl;bd. vdpDk; mz;ika khjq;fspy;
cyfshtpa hPjpapy; nfhtpl;-19 ,d; ,uz;lhk;
miyapd; fhuzkhf ,lh;Neh;Tfs; kPsj;Njhw;wk;
ngw;Ws;sJ Nghy; njhpfpd;wJ.
y cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypd; fhuzkhf
epuk;gy; ,ilA+WfspypUe;njOk; tpiy
mOj;jq;fSf;F khwhf ke;jkile;j Nfs;tp
epiyg;ghLfspd; fhuzkhf cyfshtpa
gztPf;fk; njhlh;e;Jk; kpjkhftpUe;jJ.
Kd;Ndw;wkile;j nghUshjhuq;fspy; gztPf;fk;
cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypw;F Kd;dpUe;j
kl;lq;fspy; njhlh;e;JkpUe;jJ. ,NjNtisapy;
cyfshtpa Neha;g;guty; tpiuthfg;
gutpaJld; Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk; re;ij kw;Wk;
mgptpUj;jpaile;JtUk; nghUshjhuq;fspy;
gztPf;fk; tpiuthf tsh;r;rpaile;jJ. vdpDk;>
czT tpiyfspd; mjpfhpg;gpw;F fhuzkhfpa
toq;fy; ,ilA+Wfspidg; gpujpgypj;J rpy
ehLfs; gztPf;fj;jpd; cah;tpw;F Kfq;nfhLj;jd.
Kd;Ndw;wkile;j nghUshjhug; gphptpy; Efh;Nthh;
tpiyg; gztPf;fk; 2021,y; 1.6 rjtPjj;jpw;F
cah;tiltjw;F Kd;dh; 2020,y; 0.8 rjtPjkhf
vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ. Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk; re;ij
kw;Wk; mgptpUj;jpaile;JtUk; nghUshjhuq;fspd;
gphptpy; gztPf;fkhdJ 2020,y; 5.0 rjtPjkhfTk;
2021,y; 4.7 rjtPjkhfTk; vwpTnra;ag;gLfpwJ.
ehLKjd;ikf; nfhs;if
tPjk;
2017
Kbtpy;
2018
Kbtpy;
2019
Kbtpy;
23 xj;
2020
,yq;if Jizepy; itg;G trjp tPjk;
7.25 8.00 7.00 4.50
Jizepy; fld;toq;fy; trjp tPjk;
8.75 9.00 8.00 5.50
Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk; re;ijg; nghUshjhuq;fs;
,e;jpah kPs;nfhs;tdT tPjk; 6.00 6.50 5.15 4.00
kNyrpah XhpuTf; nfhs;if tPjk; 3.00 3.25 3.00 1.75
jha;yhe;J 1-ehs; ,UGil kPs;nfhs;tdT tPjk;
1.50 1.75 1.25 0.50
rPdh 1-Mz;L fld;toq;fy; tPjk;
4.35 4.35 4.15 3.85
,e;NjhNdrpah 7-ehs; Neh;khw;W kPs;nfhs;tdT tPjk;
4.25 6.00 5.00 4.00
gpypigd;]; XhpuT Neh;khw;W kPs;nfhs;tdT tPjk;
3.00 4.75 4.00 2.25
Kd;Ndw;wq;fz;l nghUshjhuq;fs;
If;fpa mnkhpf;fh
ngluy; epjpa tPjk;1.25-1.50
2.25-2.50
1.50-1.75
0.00-0.25
If;fpa ,uhr;rpak;
tq;fp tPjk; 0.50 0.75 0.75 0.10
INuhg;gpa kj;jpa tq;fp
kPs;epjpaply; tPjk; 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
ag;ghd; XhpuT miog;G tPjk; - 0.10 - 0.10 - 0.10 - 0.10fdlh XhpuT tPjk; 1.00 1.75 1.75 0.25mT];jpNuypah fhR tPjk; 1.50 1.50 0.75 0.25RtPld; kPs;nfhs;tdT tPjk; - 0.50 - 0.50 - 0.25 0.00
%yk; : njhlh;ghd kj;jpa tq;fpfspd; ,izaj;jsq;fs;
rjtPjk;
ml;ltiz 1.2
njhpe;njLf;fg;gl;l kj;jpa tq;fpfspd; nfhs;if
tl;b tPjq;fspd; khw;wq;fs;
11
17
nghJNehf;F
nfhtpl;-19 cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypd; Njhw;wj;jpy;
cyfshtpa gz;lr; re;ijfspy; jq;fk; njhlh;e;Jk;
ghJfhg;ghd nrhj;njhd;whfj; njhlh;fpd;wJ.
,jd;gb> ,;t;thz;by; gd;dhl;L jq;f tpiyfs;
mjpfhpj;J 2020 Xfj;J Kjyhk; thuj;jpy; xU
mTd;rpw;F I.m.nlhyh;fs; 2>000 kl;lj;jpid
tpQ;rpaJld; mjd; gpd;dh; Fiwtile;J 2020
xj;Njhgh; eLg;gFjpapy; mTd;rpw;F I.m.nlhyh;
1>898 Mfj; njhlh;e;JkpUe;jJ. Klf;Fjy;fs;
kw;Wk; gazf; fl;Lg;ghLfisj; njhlh;e;J
Nfs;tpapd; fLikahd tPo;r;rpf;F kj;jpapy;
Ntfkhfr; rhptile;j krnfz;nza; tpiyfs;
2020 Nk khjj;jpypUe;J gbg;gbahd cah;tpid
vLj;Jf; fhl;bd. 2020 Vg;gpwy; gpw;gFjpapy;
gPg;ghnahd;Wf;F Vwj;jho I.m.nlhyh; 13.0 ,w;F
tPo;r;rpaile;j gpnud;l; krnfz;nza; tpiyfs;
mjd; gpd;dh; krnfz;nzapd; tiuaWf;fg;gl;l
,Ug;Gf;fs; kw;Wk; If;fpa mnkhpf;fh kw;Wk;
rPdhtpd; tphptile;j nraw;ghLfspd; gpujhd
fhuzkhf gbg;gbahf cah;tile;J 2020 Xfj;J
,Wjpapy; gPg;ghnahd;Wf;F I.m.nlhyh; 46.1 ,id
mile;jd. vdpDk; 2020 xj;Njhgh; eLg;gFjpapy;
krnfz;nza; tpiyfs; gPg;ghnahd;Wf;F
Vwj;jho I.m.nlhyh; 43.4 ,w;F tPo;r;rpaile;jd.
cyfg; nghUshjhu Njhw;wg;ghl;bd; xj;Njhgh;
2020 ntspg;ghl;bd;gb ruhrhp ngw;Nwhypa
tpiyfs; gPg;ghnahd;Wf;F 2020,y; I.m.nlhyh;
41.7 MfTk; 2021,y; I.m.nlhyh; 46.7 MfTk;
vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.
y r%fj;jpy; ghjpf;fg;glf;$ba FOf;fspd;
kPJ cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypd; jhf;fk;
fzprkhdsT cah;thftpUf;Fnkd;gJld;
cyfshtpa hPjpapy; tWikapYk; rkkpd;ikapYk;
xU mjpfhpg;gpid Vw;gLj;jp mjd; %yk;
fle;j gy jrhg;jq;fshf milag;gl;l
rpy Nkk;ghLfis kWjiyahf;FnkdTk;
vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. ngz;fs;> Kiwrhuh
njhopypYs;Nshh;> ,sk; njhopyhsh;fs; kw;Wk;
xg;gPl;lstpy; jho;e;j fy;tpj; Njh;r;rpAilNahh;
Nghd;w gy;NtW gphptpdhpd; kPJ neUf;fbapd;
rkkw;w jhf;fj;jpdhy; rkkpd;ik mjpfhpf;Fnkd
vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. ehshe;j Ntjdq;fspy;
jq;fpapUg;Nghh;> Gyk;ngah; njhopyhsiu
cs;slf;fpa Kiwrhh; r%f tiyaikg;gpd;
mg;ghYs;Nshh; Nghd;wth;fs; efh;tpd; kPjhd
fl;Lg;ghL tpjpf;fg;gl;likapdhy; jpBh; tUkhd
,og;GfSf;F Kfq;nfhLj;jdh;. neUf;fbapd; Rik
gpuhe;jpaq;fs; kw;Wk; ehLfSf;fpilapy; rkkw;wjhf
czug;gl;bUf;fpd;wJ. rpy Kd;Ndw;wq;fz;l
nghUshjhuq;fspy; tPl;bypUe;J Ntiy nra;Ak;
xOq;Ffs; Jhpjkhf eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;ld
my;yJ nghJkf;fs; jdpg;gl;l Nrkpg;Gf;fs; my;yJ
r%fg; ghJfhg;G ed;ikfspy; jq;fpapUe;jdh;.
nghUe;jpr; nry;Yk;jd;ik xg;gPl;lstpy;
jhkjkhfTs;s jho;e;j tUkhdk; nfhz;l
nghUshjhuq;fspy; nghJkf;fs; vjph;ghuhj
tUtha; ,og;gpidj; jhq;fpf; nfhs;tjpy;
rpukq;fis mbf;fb vjph;nfhs;fpd;wdh;. ,J
cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypw;F Kfq;nfhLg;gjpy;
jho;e;j tUkhdKila nghUshjhuq;fspw;F
gd;dhl;L Mjutpw;fhd Kf;fpaj;Jtj;jpid
Nfhbl;Lf; fhl;Lfpd;wJ.
y cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypd; ghpzhkj;ijr;
#o;e;Js;s epr;rakw;wjd;ik cyfshtpa
nghUshjhuj; Njhw;wg;ghl;bid kjpg;gPL
nra;tjidj; njhlh;e;Jk; ghjpf;ff;$Lk;.
jw;Nghija vwpTfs; ,ay;gpNyNa Kd;$l;bNa
fzpg;gjw;Ff; fbdkhdjhfTs;s nghJ Rfhjhuk;
kw;Wk; nghUshjhuf; fhuzpfis mbg;gilahff;
nfhz;lit. NkYk;> jho;e;j $l;Lf;Nfs;tp>
kpjkhd Rw;Wyh kw;Wk; jho;e;j njhopyhsh;
gztDg;gy;fspypUe;jhd cyfshtpa frpTj;
jhf;fj;jpd; gug;Gk; njhlh;e;Jk; epr;rakw;wjhfNt
fhzg;gl;L cyfshtpa epjpr; re;ijfspd;
cah;tile;j epr;rakw;wjd;ikfSf;F
,l;Lr;nrd;Ws;sd. nfhtpl;-19; Neha;j;njhw;wpd; ePbj;j
,uz;lhk; miy gy;Gil Kftuhz;ikfspd; gpe;jpa
vwpTnra;jy; tl;lq;fspy; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gl;ljid
tpl mjpfkhfg; nghUshjhur; nraw;ghl;bidf;
Fiwf;ff;$Lk;. gyaPdkhd ntspehl;Lf; Nfs;tp
kw;Wk; ,Wf;fkhd epjpapay; epiyg;ghLfspd;
vy;iyfle;j frpTj;jhf;fk; Nghd;wtw;wpndhU
tpisthf cyfshtpa tsu;r;rpapy; ghjfkhd
jhf;fq;fs; fhzg;glf;$Lk;. ePbj;j nghUshjhu
ke;jk; kw;Wk; jsk;gyhd cyfshtpa epjpr; re;ij
epiyg;ghLfs; ePbj;J epiyj;jpUf;Fkhdhy; rpy
Njhw;wk;ngw;WtUk; kw;Wk; mgptpUj;;jpaile;JtUk;
nghUshjhuq;fspd; gLfld; ,af;fthw;wy;
1
18
,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp mz;ikf;fhy nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jpfs; : 2020 ,d; Kf;fpa gz;GfSk; 2021 ,w;fhd tha;g;Gf;fSk;
kw;Wk; gLfldpd; epiyj;jpUf;Fk; jd;ik kPJ
jhf;fj;jpidr; nrYj;jf;$Lk;. ,Ug;gpDk;> nfhtpl;-19
,w;fhd jLg;G+rpapidg; G+uzg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf
ele;JtUfpd;w Kaw;rpfs; kw;Wk; cyfstpy;
ghhpastpyhd nfhs;if Mjutpd; njhlh;r;rp
Nghd;wtw;wpd; fhuzkhfg; nghUshjhu kPl;rp kPjhd
rhjfkhd ,lh;Neh;TfisAk; Gwe;js;s KbahJ.
vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLk; mgptpUj;jpfs;
y xj;Njhghpy; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;lthW nfhtpl;-19
njhw;Wg;guty; kPnsOr;rp ngw;wik cj;Ntfj;jpid
rpwpjsT ghjpf;ff;$LkhapDk; 2020 Nk khjj;jpy;
Klf;Fjy; kPjhd jsh;j;JjypypUe;J nraw;ghl;bd;
tpiuthd kPl;rpapdhy; rhd;wspf;fg;gl;lthW
,yq;ifapd; nghUshjhuk; 2021,y;
kPnsOr;rpailAnkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
kj;jpa tq;fpdhYk; murhq;fj;jpdhYk; ghhpastpy;
toq;fg;gl;l nfhs;if MjuthdJ FWfpa
fhyj;jpy; nghUshjhur; nraw;ghl;by; tpiuthd
kPl;rpf;F trjpaspf;Fnkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;w
mNjNtisapy; murhq;fj;;jpd; tsh;r;rpapid
Nehf;fpa nfhs;iffs; eLj;ju fhyj;jpy; kPl;rpapidj;
jf;fitj;Jf;nfhs;Snkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ.
2020,y;;> Fwpg;ghf Mz;bd; ,uz;lhk; fhyhz;by;>
cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypd; jhf;fj;jpdhy;
J}z;lg;gl;l tPo;r;rpapidg; gpujpgypj;J
nghUshjhuk; 1.7 rjtPjj;jpdhy; RUf;fkilAnkd
vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ. ,Jtiuapy; toq;fg;gl;l
gue;jstpyhd ,iw kw;Wk; ehzaf; nfhs;if
J}z;Ljy;fspd; fhye;jho;j;jpa tpisT>
murpay; cWjpg;ghL kPsf;fl;bnaOg;gg;gl;ljd;
fhuzkhf Nkk;gl;l KjyPl;lhsh; ek;gpf;if kw;Wk;
murpd; tsh;r;rpia Nehf;fpa nfhs;if epfo;r;rp
epuy; Nghd;wit vjph;tUk; fhyj;jpy; ePbj;J
epiyj;jpUg;gJk; rkj;JtkhdJkhd tsh;r;rpf;F
Mjutspf;Fnkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutyhdJ FWq;fhyj;jpy;
nghUshjhu nraw;ghl;byhd ,ilA+WfSf;F
khwhf cs;ehl;L Ntshz;ik kw;Wk; ifj;njhopy;
cw;gj;jp kPJ mjpfhpj;j ftdQ; nrYj;jp
tsh;r;rpf;fhd nfhs;iffis mwpKfg;gLj;Jtjw;F
xU tha;g;gpw;fhd rhsuj;jpidAk; murhq;fj;jpw;F
cUthf;fpAs;sJ. 2021 ,w;fhd Njrpa
tuTnryTj; jpl;lj;jpid ntspapLtJld;
,d;wpaikahj cl;fl;likg;G mgptpUj;jpr;
nraw;wpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;
mjd; %yk; gpuhe;jpaq;fSf;fpilapyhd ,izg;G
kw;Wk; nghUshjhuj;jpd; cw;gj;jp ,aystpid
mjpfhpg;gjw;Fk; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ. fy;tp
kw;Wk; jpwd; mgptpUj;jpf; nfhs;iffSk; mwpTrhh;
tsh;r;rpia Cf;fg;gLj;jy; cghaj;jpid Nehf;fp
kPsj; jpirjpUg;gg;gLfpd;wd. FWq;fhyj;jpy;
r%fj;jpd; ghjpf;fg;glf;$ba FOf;fspd; kPJ
cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypd; ghjfkhd jhf;fj;jpw;F
khwhf murhq;fj;jpd; midtiuAKs;slf;fpa
tsh;r;rpf; nfhs;iffs; r%fj;jpy; Xuq;fl;lg;gl;l
gphptpdiu ed;F ,yf;fpLnkdTk; mNjNtisapy;
jw;NghJs;s eyd;Ghp epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fspd;
MjuTld; FWq;fhyj;jpy; MjuT toq;FnkdTk;
vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
y nfhtpl;-19 cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutypw;F kj;jpapy;
cah;tile;j ghjpg;gilaf;$ba jd;ikfSf;Fg;
Gwk;ghf nghUj;jkhd nfhs;iffs; jhkjkpd;wp
epiwNtw;wg;gLtJld; ,yq;ifapd;
ntspehl;Lj;Jiw eLj;ju fhyg;gFjpapy;
jhf;Fg;gpbf;Fk; jd;ikiaf; fhl;Lnkd
vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. cyfshtpa Nfs;tpapd;
kPl;rp kw;Wk; cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpapid Nkk;gLj;jy;
kw;Wk; Vw;WkjpfSf;fhd MjuT Nghd;wtw;Wf;fhd
nfhs;if ,af;Ftpir Nghd;wtw;Wld; eLj;ju
fhyj;jpy; Vw;WkjpfspypUe;jhd tUtha;fspy;
fzprkhdnjhU mjpfhpg;G vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
,wf;Fkjp kPjhd nrytpdk; 2020,d;
Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsT jho;e;j kl;lq;fSk; xg;gpLkplj;J
2021,y; cah;tilaf;$Lk;. vz;nza; tpiyfs;
toikf;Fj; jpUk;Gjy;> cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jp kw;Wk;
Vw;Wkjpfspy; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;w tphpthf;fj;jpd;
fhuzkhf ,ilepiy kw;Wk; KjyPl;Lg;
nghUl;fspw;fhd Nfs;tpapyhd cah;T Nghd;wit
vjph;tUk; fhyj;jpy; ,wf;Fkjpfspw;fhd
nrytpdj;ij mjpfhpg;gjw;F vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
,jd;gb> 2020,y; fzprkhdsT Fiwtjw;F
vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;w th;j;jfg; gw;whf;Fiw 2021,y;
xU Muk;gj; jpUj;jj;jpw;Fg; gpd;du; eLj;ju fhyj;jpy;
gbg;gbahf Nkk;gLnkd vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.
Rw;Wyhf; ifj;njhopypd; gpd;dilTf;F Gwk;ghf
vjph;tUk; fhyj;jpy; cyfshtpa Neha;g;gutiyg;
gw;wpa gPjp gbg;gbahf ,y;yhnjhoptJld;
11
19
nghJNehf;F
Rw;Wyhf; ifj;njhopypy; vjph;Nehf;fg;gLk;
kPl;rpapdhy; Mjutspf;fg;gl;L gzpfs;
fzf;fpd; kpif eLj;ju fhyj;jpy; cWjpahf
Nkk;gilAnkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ. NkYk;>
Nghf;Ftuj;Jg; gzpfs;> jfty;njhopy;El;gk;
kw;Wk; tpahghu nrad;Kiwg;gLj;jy; gzpfis
ntspapypUe;J ngw;Wf;nfhs;sy; Nghd;wtw;wpyhd
tsh;r;rpAk; gzpfs; Vw;Wkjpfspy; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLk;
Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;F Mjutspf;Fnkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;
gLfpd;wJ. ,NjNtis njhopyhsh;
gztDg;gy;fs; eLj;jufhyj;jpy; nkJthfNtDk;
tsh;r;rpailAnkd vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.
tpisthf 2020,y; nkh.c.cw;gj;jpapy; 1.5
rjtPjj;jpw;F RUf;fkiltjw;F vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLfpd;w
ntspehl;L eilKiwf; fzf;Fg; gw;whf;Fiw
;2021,y; nkh.c.cw;gj;jpapy; 2.4 rjtPjj;jpw;F
mjpfhpj;J 2025 mstpy; nkh.c.cw;gj;jpapd;; 1.2
rjtPjj;jpw;F gbg;gbahf tPo;r;rpailAnkdTk;
vwpTnra;ag;gLfpd;wJ. nfhtpl;-19 cyfshtpa
Neha;g;gutypw;F kj;jpapy; nkJtilAk;
epjpapay; gha;r;ry;fs; FWq;fhyj;jpy; nrd;kjp
epYitapd; epjpapay; fzf;fpidg; ghjpg;gjw;F
vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ. vdpDk; murpay;
cWjpg;ghL kPs;fl;bnaOg;gg;gl;ljid njhlh;e;j
rhjfkhd KjyPl;lhsh; kdg;ghq;F mj;Jld;
cyfshtpa nghUshjhuj;jpy; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLk;
kPl;rp vd;gtw;Wld; eLj;jufhyj;jpy; ntspehl;L
Neub KjyPl;L cl;gha;r;ry;fs; kw;Wk; nfhOk;G
gq;Fg;ghpth;j;jidapYk; mur gpizaq;fs;
re;ijapYkhd ntspehl;L KjyPLfs; Nghd;wtw;wpy;
mjpfhpg;nghd;W vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ntspehl;L
KjyPl;Lg; gha;r;ry;fs; Fwpg;ghf nfhOk;G JiwKf
efuk; kw;Wk; mk;ghe;Njhl;il ifj;njhopy; tyak;
Nghd;wtw;wpd; nghUl;L vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wd.
kj;jpa tq;fpahdJ eLj;jufhyj;jpy; ntspehl;L
xJf;Ffis NghJkhd kl;lq;fspYk;
mNjNtis nefpo;r;rpj;jd;ik tha;e;jJk;
Nghl;bj;jd;ik tha;e;jJkhd nryhtzp
tPjj;jpidg; NgZnkdTk; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
murhq;fkhdJ NghjpasT epjpaplypidg;
ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;fhd FWq;fhy topKiwfspD}
lhfTk; tzpfg; nghUs; kw;Wk; gzpfs;
Vw;Wkjpfspy; jf;fitj;Jf;nfhs;sf;$banjhU
mjpfhpg;ig cWjpg;gLj;Jk; Ntisapy;
ntspehl;L Neub KjyPl;L tbtpyhd gLflid
cUthf;fhj cl;gha;r;ry;fis cah;j;jpf;
nfhs;tjw;fhd ePz;lfhy rPh;jpUj;jq;fspD}
lfTk; ,yq;ifapd; ntspehl;Lg;
gLfldpd; ePbj;Jepiyj;jpUf;Fk;jd;ikia
cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd nghUj;jkhd topKiwfis
Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
y 2020,y; ,iwg; gw;whf;Fiwfs; kw;Wk; gLfld;
kl;lq;fspy; Njitg;gLfpd;w tphpthf;fj;jpidj;
njhlh;e;J nghUshjhu nraw;ghl;by;
vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;w kPl;rpapdhy; Mjutspf;fg;gl;L
eLj;ju fhyj;jpy; ,iwj; Jiwr; nrayhw;wk;
Nkk;gLnkd vwpTnra;ag;gLfpwJ. 2020 entk;gh;
eLg;gFjpapy; Njrpa tuTnryTj; jpl;lj;jpid
ntspg;gLj;JtJld; mwptpf;fg;glTs;s
murhq;fj;jpy; eLj;ju fhy ,iw cghak;
thpf;nfhs;ifr; rPh;jpUj;jq;fs;;> kPz;nlOk;
nrytpdj;jpd; Nkyjpfr; rpf;fdg;gLj;jy; kw;Wk;
%yjdr; nrytpdj;jpd; nraw;wpwid Nkk;gLj;jy;
Nghd;wtw;wpD}lhf ,iwj;jpul;rp cghaj;jpid
tYg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd topKiwfisf;
nfhz;bUf;Fnkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
,NjNtis gy;NtW milahsq; fhzg;gl;l
tplag;gug;Gfspy; cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpapid
Nkk;gLj;jy; kw;Wk; murpw;Fr; nrhe;jkhd tpahghuj;
njhopy;Kaw;rpfspd; nraw;wpwid Nkk;gLj;jy;
Nghd;wtw;wpyhd topKiwfs; nghUshjhu
nraw;ghl;bw;F Mjutspf;Fnkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;w
mNjNtisapy;> murhq;fj;jpw;F vjph;tUk;
fhyj;jpy; murpiwf;fhd mjpf topfspidAk;
fpilf;fr;nra;Ak;. Njrpa nfhs;iff; fl;likg;ghd
\ehl;ilf; fl;bnaOg;Gk; RgPl;rj;jpd; Nehf;fj;jpy;|
njspthf tpsf;fg;gl;ljidg; Nghd;W 2025
mstpy; nkh.c.cw;gj;jpapy; 4.0 rjtPjkhdnjhU
tuTnryTj; jpl;lg; gw;whf;FiwapidAk;
mjDld; $ba eilKiwf;fzf;F kw;Wk; Muk;g
kPjpfs; Nghd;wtw;wpyhd Nkk;ghLfspidAk;
murhq;fk; vjph;ghh;f;fpd;wJ. tuTnryTj;jpl;lg;
gw;whf;Fiwapy; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLk; Fiwg;G kw;Wk;
mjd; tpisthd gw;whf;Fiwf;F epjpaplypd;
jzpg;G Nghd;wit cs;ehl;L epjpaplypy;
ngUkstpy; jq;fpapUg;gJld; kj;jpa murpd;
ntspepd;w gLflidf; Fiwj;J eLj;ju fhyj;jpy;
nghJgLfldpd; ePbj;J epiyj;jpUf;Fk;;jd;ikia
cWjpg;gLj;Jnkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
1
20
,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp mz;ikf;fhy nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jpfs; : 2020 ,d; Kf;fpa gz;GfSk; 2021 ,w;fhd tha;g;Gf;fSk;
y vjph;tUk; fhyj;jpy; jdpahh; Jiwf;fhd nfhLfld;
gha;r;ry;fs; cah;tilAnkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.
2020,y; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;l fzprkhd
ehzaf;nfhs;ifj; jsh;j;jy; topKiwfspndhU
tpisthf re;ij tl;btPjq;fs; fzprkhdsT
jho;e;j kl;lq;fSf;F Fiwtile;Js;sd. Nkk;gl;l
tpahghu ek;gpf;ifAld; vjph;tUk; fhyj;jpy;
nghUshjhur; nraw;ghl;by; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpd;w
kPnsOr;rpAld; FWq;fhyj;jpy; jdpahh; Jiwf;fhd
nfhLfld; gha;r;ry;fspd; tsh;r;rp cah;tile;J
mjd;gpd;dh; ];jpukilAnkd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ.
mur Jiwapdhy;; ngw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l
ghhpastpyhd nfhLfld;fs; vjph;tUk; fhyj;jpy;
tphpe;j gz epuk;gypd; (M2b) tsh;r;rpapid
cah;tilar; nra;Ankd vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ.
jdpahh; Jiwf;F toq;fg;gLfpd;w nfhLfldpd;
tphpthf;fj;jpdhy; ce;jg;gl;L eLj;ju fhyj;jpy;
tphpe;j gz epuk;gypd; tsu;r;rp Vwj;jho
12.5 rjtPjj;jpw;F ];jpukiltjw;F vwpT
nra;ag;gLfpd;wJ.
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