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Chapter 1:
WHAT IS SOCIOLOGY?
Social science—study human, social world
Scientific study:• Society • Human social behavior
Individuals & society=Interdependent
WHAT IS SOCIOLOGY?
Organized and Enduring patterns of
Social interaction
SOCIAL STRUCTURE
Characteristics of Social Structure
One Story
Two Story Three Story
Multiple Level Structure
Characteristics of the Structure
http://www.hardwaresphere.com/2011/03/01/amazing-three-story-house-connected-with-slides-on-all-levels/
HOUSE WITH SLIDES
Basic social needsEducationEconomics
PoliticsFamily
What basic social needs do these meet?
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS
LEVELS OF ANALYSIS
Microsociology: Small group interactions
Impact on larger institutions
Macrosociology: Large scale social structures
Impact on groups and individuals
Macro-Micro Continuum
What do you know?
How do you know it?
WAYS OF KNOWING
Personal experienceFaith
ExpertsIntuition
ConsensusReasonScience
WAYS OF KNOWING
ScienceLogical system, knowledge based on direct, systematic
observation
Scientific SociologyStudy of society based on systematic observation
Empirical EvidenceInformation we can verify with our senses
1. Write down a question that you would like to ask people in the class. The question should be easy to answer with the following: Yes or No Male or Female Younger or Older More or less
2. Create a hypothesis: Predict your findings.
LET’ S DO RESEARCH
3. Collect data: Ask people in the class to answer your question and record their answers.
4. Analyze data: Add up the number of people who gave the same response to your question.
5. Report findings: Summary of responses
6. Was your hypothesis supported or not?
LET’ S DO RESEARCH
THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
1. Research Question:How much do couples deceive each other?
What factors influence deception?
2. Background Research Literature Review
DECEPTION RESEARCH
3. Construct a Hypothesis The more people love their partners, the
less they lie to the partners.
4. Test the Hypothesis (Collect Data) Create Questionnaire
5. Analyze Data and Draw Conclusion Statistics and Interpretation
DECEPTION RESEARCH
6. Report Results (Was hypothesis supported?)
No Love not related to deception
DECEPTION RESEARCH
Quantitative Research: Numerical dataStatistical analysis
Examples:
• U.S. Census
• Uniform Crime Report
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES
Qualitative Research:Non-numerical data
Texts Interviews Photos RecordingsBooks
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES
C. Wright Mills
“To understand social life, we must understand the intersection between
biography and history.”
SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION
C. Wright Mills
Committed to social change, and angered by the oppression he saw around him
Sociological Imagination
1.Unemployment
2.Choosing a career
3.Clothing
Happens when you:
Experience disorientation
Entering new environment
CULTURE SHOCK
CULTURE SHOCK
CULTURE SHOCK—FOOD
CULTURE SHOCK
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qBND33BNfZw
The Giraffe Women
“Beginner’s Mind”No preconceptionsOpen and receptive
“Expert’s Mind”FactsAssumptionsOpinions and Explanations
THE BEGINNER’S MIND
Clear minds of:
•Stereotypes
•Expectations
•Opinions
Be receptive to experiences
THE BEGINNER’S MIND
Practical knowledge to get through daily life
May not have scientific or technical knowledge
List of your “practical knowledge”.
THE EVERYDAY ACTOR
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wYmrg3owTRE&feature=related
Hugh Laurie and Ellen DeGeneres
Language
SKILLS OF AN EVERYDAY ACTOR
THE SOCIAL ANALYST
Studies social world in a:
Systematic,
Comprehensive,
Coherent, &
Consistent manner
Creates scientific knowledge
Use of technology—Phones (Dialing)http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=KSTOT7RBkNc
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eaikf34WN-A&feature=related
(Touch Tone)
THE SOCIAL ANALYST
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K8J6uEUXlR0
Marshall McLuhan:
Global Village
THE U.S. IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
If the world were a village of 100 people (Imagine)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r6eTr4ldDYg
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i4639vev1Rw&feature=related (official version)
How big the earth really is…
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jJ8UAMR98y4&feature=related
THE U.S. IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
World as 100 people (weapons)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jNnbO8x4JAY&feature=related
Did You Know?http://www.youtube.com/watch?
NR=1&v=YmwwrGV_aiE
THE U.S. IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE