Chapter 10 - Race/EthnicityRace - people who share inherited physical characteristics and who are perceived as being part of a group

MongloidsNegroidsCaucoids

Ethnicity - cultural characteristics that distinguish one group from anotherex. German, Irish, Swedish

Minority Group - share physical or cultural characteristics that result in inequality

Physical/cultural characteristicsunequal treatmentascribed status (born into)strong bond and group loyaltyendogamy - marry within the group

***Numbers are not the reason!!!

Discrimination - denial of equal treatment based on group membership

Legal discrimination - upheld by lawex. apartheidex. prior to civil rights movement

Institutionalized discrimination - outgrowth of the structure of society

ex. denied access to employment, housing, busing

Prejudice - unsupported generalization where an individual develops an attitude about a group

ex. I don't like blondes because they're dumb

Racism - belief one's race is superior to others

Robert K. Merton1. active bigot - prejudice and openly

discriminates2. timid bigot - prejudice but afraid to

discriminate because of society

3. fair-weather liberal - not prejudice but discriminates because of

society4. all-weather liberal - not prejudice and

won't discriminateSelf-fulfilling prophecy - prediction that results in behavior that makes the prediction come true

Sources of discrimination and prejudice

Stereotypes - oversimplified, exaggerated, or unfavorable generalization about a group of people

ex. blondes, women drivers**if overcome stereotype, seen as an

exception rather than proof stereotype is wrong

Scapegoating - placing blame for own problems on innocent group/individual

ex. blame teacher, school shootings

John William King and two other men are accused of chaining James Byrd Jr to the back of a pickup truck and dragging him almost three miles. Prosecutors said Byrd was alive and conscious until the bumpy logging road tore his body apart.

June 7, 1998, Byrd, 49, father of three, was driven into an East Texas forest, beaten, then chained at the ankles and dragged for three miles, until his head was torn off by the jagged edge of a roadside concrete culvert.

James Byrd Jr.

Matthew Shepard

Laramie, Wyo., 21-year-old gay college student Matthew Shepard was brutally beaten, tied to a fence and left for dead. He was found 18 hours later and rushed to the hospital, where he lingered on the edge of death for nearly five days before succumbing to his injuries

Social environment

difference between degrees of power*competition for scarce

resources

Patterns of treatmentassimilation - blending of culturally distinct group into a single group with common culture

cultural pluralism - each group within society keeps unique identity

Legal protectionex. affirmative action, civil rights movement,

hate crimes

Population transferex. reservations, Bosnia

Subjugation - maintaining control over a group through force

slavery, prisons, women

Segregation - physical separation of a minority group from dominant group

De jure segregation - based on lawex. Jim Crow "separate but equal"

De facto segregation - informal separationex. neighborhoods - steering

Patterns continued

Patterns continued

Genocide - intentional destruction of the entire targeted population

ex. Hitler, Bosnia, Rwanda

Armenia

Sudan

Srebrenica

Rwanda